The Prestige Cosmetics & Fragrances segment dominates the luxury consumer goods market, which has grown considerably over the past decade. According to the Coco Chanel quote, «Luxury is a necessity that begins where necessity ends». Luxurious goods were once considered a luxury reserved for a select few. «Luxury» was used to describe uncommon and limited-supply items which were only available to a select group of people. As time has progressed, luxury goods have become more accessible to middle-class consumers as the luxury market has grown. A total of more than 1.2 trillion euros was spent on the luxury market in 2018. Because of the increasing purchasing power of today’s consumers and the large size of the global luxury market, understanding this consumer group is critical to a company’s success in enhancing its business success in the luxury perfume market. Developing effective plans to meet and exceed consumer expectations is essential for companies in the luxury industry. A luxury brand has distinct characteristics that make it stand out from the rest. This study examined these and other theories focusing on five factors influencing consumers’ purchase intention of luxury branded perfumes. The five factors above are perceived uniqueness, brand image, quality, price, and status. This study aims to shed light on the factors influencing the desire to purchase high-end branded perfumes. More specifically, it aims to discover the root causes of the phenomenon of buying luxury branded perfumes and the primary determinants of luxury-goods consumption. A survey was used to gather data, and structural equation modeling with partial least squares was used to analyse the framework. Because of the findings, four variables (brand image, quality, price, and status) were found to have a positive relationship with purchase intention. The results also show that perceived uniqueness does not significantly impact the desire to purchase luxury perfumes. Marketers and managers could use the results of this study to understand luxury consumer behaviours better and develop marketing strategies that would help their products succeed in the luxury market.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Intention of Luxury Branded Perfumes","authors":"C. Krishnan, Naraini Agarwal, Shivam Gupta","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.3-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.3-17","url":null,"abstract":"The Prestige Cosmetics & Fragrances segment dominates the luxury consumer goods market, which has grown considerably over the past decade. According to the Coco Chanel quote, «Luxury is a necessity that begins where necessity ends». Luxurious goods were once considered a luxury reserved for a select few. «Luxury» was used to describe uncommon and limited-supply items which were only available to a select group of people. As time has progressed, luxury goods have become more accessible to middle-class consumers as the luxury market has grown. A total of more than 1.2 trillion euros was spent on the luxury market in 2018. Because of the increasing purchasing power of today’s consumers and the large size of the global luxury market, understanding this consumer group is critical to a company’s success in enhancing its business success in the luxury perfume market. Developing effective plans to meet and exceed consumer expectations is essential for companies in the luxury industry. A luxury brand has distinct characteristics that make it stand out from the rest. This study examined these and other theories focusing on five factors influencing consumers’ purchase intention of luxury branded perfumes. The five factors above are perceived uniqueness, brand image, quality, price, and status. This study aims to shed light on the factors influencing the desire to purchase high-end branded perfumes. More specifically, it aims to discover the root causes of the phenomenon of buying luxury branded perfumes and the primary determinants of luxury-goods consumption. A survey was used to gather data, and structural equation modeling with partial least squares was used to analyse the framework. Because of the findings, four variables (brand image, quality, price, and status) were found to have a positive relationship with purchase intention. The results also show that perceived uniqueness does not significantly impact the desire to purchase luxury perfumes. Marketers and managers could use the results of this study to understand luxury consumer behaviours better and develop marketing strategies that would help their products succeed in the luxury market.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67643705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The method of categorizing consumers’ online brand-related activities (COBRA) is a relatively recent finding in marketing research. Based on this, there is a need for further exploration of a related issue. One of these is the relational link between COBRAs and consumer motivations for these activities. With this research, this study aims to assess the statistical significance of such trajectories of relationships of the motivations on consumers’ online brand-related activities related to all three levels of brand-related content activities in terms of the social network platform Instagram. These motivations have origins in the uses and gratification theory. Three levels of analyzed activities are the most recent comprehensive classification. The research database was made up of responses from 335 online questionnaires. The collection of data was carried out in the 1st half of 2021. Primary data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and PLS PM (Partial least squares path modelling) equations, while average variance extracted metric and composite reliability were used to describe the suitability of the latent variables that entered the analysis. For the analysis, four research hypotheses were formulated dealing with 12 partial trajectories of relationships, of which only three trajectories were not statistically significant. However, at least one significant trajectory was identified for each motivation, allowing us to confirm all formulated hypotheses. The findings of the analysis supported the claims of the existence of statistically significant effects for all the motivations investigated against consumers’ online brand-related activities. The obtained results also identified social interaction as the strongest motivator. The authors discussed the potential drivers and implications for theory and practice in a separate section, comparing with existing related research. The most significant contribution of this research is considered to be the confirmation of the exploratory findings that link COBRA activities and motivations on a scale that has not yet been analyzed (by this we mean 3 levels of activity and 4 categories of motivation). This formed the basis for this investigation, and the results obtained are in agreement.
{"title":"Consumer’s Online Brand-Related Activities on the Social Network Instagram: An Analytical View of the Motivation for These Activities","authors":"Ľ. Nastišin, P. Korba, Oliver Pisar","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.4-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.4-15","url":null,"abstract":"The method of categorizing consumers’ online brand-related activities (COBRA) is a relatively recent finding in marketing research. Based on this, there is a need for further exploration of a related issue. One of these is the relational link between COBRAs and consumer motivations for these activities. With this research, this study aims to assess the statistical significance of such trajectories of relationships of the motivations on consumers’ online brand-related activities related to all three levels of brand-related content activities in terms of the social network platform Instagram. These motivations have origins in the uses and gratification theory. Three levels of analyzed activities are the most recent comprehensive classification. The research database was made up of responses from 335 online questionnaires. The collection of data was carried out in the 1st half of 2021. Primary data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and PLS PM (Partial least squares path modelling) equations, while average variance extracted metric and composite reliability were used to describe the suitability of the latent variables that entered the analysis. For the analysis, four research hypotheses were formulated dealing with 12 partial trajectories of relationships, of which only three trajectories were not statistically significant. However, at least one significant trajectory was identified for each motivation, allowing us to confirm all formulated hypotheses. The findings of the analysis supported the claims of the existence of statistically significant effects for all the motivations investigated against consumers’ online brand-related activities. The obtained results also identified social interaction as the strongest motivator. The authors discussed the potential drivers and implications for theory and practice in a separate section, comparing with existing related research. The most significant contribution of this research is considered to be the confirmation of the exploratory findings that link COBRA activities and motivations on a scale that has not yet been analyzed (by this we mean 3 levels of activity and 4 categories of motivation). This formed the basis for this investigation, and the results obtained are in agreement.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67643946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatima Lahcen YachouAityassine, M. M. Al-Ajlouni, A. Mohammad
This study aims to test the impact of digital marketing strategy as an antecedent on customer outcomes (customer satisfaction, customer engagement, and customer loyalty) and the impact of these three outcomes on organizational outcomes. Twenty-five items are used to measure research variables. These items are developed referring to previous related works: digital marketing strategy, customer satisfaction, customer engagement, customer loyalty, and organizational outcomes. According to the research budget and time constraints, a convenience sampling method was implemented in the data collection process. This study applied structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the research hypotheses through AMOS software.The authors conducted a questionnaire to collect data from a sample of marketing practitioners selected from 10 organizations with a total number of 200 respondents. The total number of returned questionnaires is 187 responses. Eleven questionnaires are excluded due to invalid responses. Thus, 176 questionnaires are used to carry out data analysis. The results underline the significant effects of customer satisfaction, engagement, and loyalty on organizational outcomes. The authors noted that customer satisfaction is the most affected outcome by digital marketing strategy, followed by customer engagement and customer loyalty. Additionally, customer loyalty has the greatest effect on organizational outcomes, followed by customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The findings showed that enhancing organizational outcomes requires marketing managers consider customer outcomes such as customer satisfaction, customer engagement, and customer loyalty, which are affected by marketing strategies. Marketing managers are requested to pay great attention to their marketing strategy, considering its effects on customer satisfaction and other customer outcomes, like customer engagement and loyalty. Likewise, scholars are required to re-test the current model to identify the mediating role of the outcomes mentioned above in the effect of marketing strategy on organizational outcomes.
{"title":"The Effect of Digital Marketing Strategy on Customer and Organizational Outcomes","authors":"Fatima Lahcen YachouAityassine, M. M. Al-Ajlouni, A. Mohammad","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.4-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.4-05","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to test the impact of digital marketing strategy as an antecedent on customer outcomes (customer satisfaction, customer engagement, and customer loyalty) and the impact of these three outcomes on organizational outcomes. Twenty-five items are used to measure research variables. These items are developed referring to previous related works: digital marketing strategy, customer satisfaction, customer engagement, customer loyalty, and organizational outcomes. According to the research budget and time constraints, a convenience sampling method was implemented in the data collection process. This study applied structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the research hypotheses through AMOS software.The authors conducted a questionnaire to collect data from a sample of marketing practitioners selected from 10 organizations with a total number of 200 respondents. The total number of returned questionnaires is 187 responses. Eleven questionnaires are excluded due to invalid responses. Thus, 176 questionnaires are used to carry out data analysis. The results underline the significant effects of customer satisfaction, engagement, and loyalty on organizational outcomes. The authors noted that customer satisfaction is the most affected outcome by digital marketing strategy, followed by customer engagement and customer loyalty. Additionally, customer loyalty has the greatest effect on organizational outcomes, followed by customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The findings showed that enhancing organizational outcomes requires marketing managers consider customer outcomes such as customer satisfaction, customer engagement, and customer loyalty, which are affected by marketing strategies. Marketing managers are requested to pay great attention to their marketing strategy, considering its effects on customer satisfaction and other customer outcomes, like customer engagement and loyalty. Likewise, scholars are required to re-test the current model to identify the mediating role of the outcomes mentioned above in the effect of marketing strategy on organizational outcomes.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67644046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of the development of female entrepreneurship in tourism. Today female entrepreneurs consider being the driving force of economies. Many governments try to promote female engagement in many economies to cover the gender gap. The tourism sphere has a great significance in the economy of the Republic of Armenia. For Armenia, it is crucial to foster female entrepreneurship in tourism that leads to sustainable and equitable development of regions and contributes to social, economic, and environmental development. Today women face many problems for starting a business in tourism in Armenia. The problems are connected with the lack of finance, necessary knowledge, and skills in management, marketing, business organization, etc. The research aims to explore the main competencies and needs of sustainable entrepreneurship and female entrepreneurial skills in the tourism sector. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem unveiled many studies on promoting female entrepreneurship in tourism. Investigation of the topic in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence. Firstly, some literature sources were discussed, then the current tourism situation in Armenia was analyzed, and finally, the main results of surveys were presented. The methodological tool of the research was mainly a survey based on a questionnaire, which includes about 50 questions and 45 questions regarding the main skills. The study applied quantitative and statistical methods to analyze the survey results. The survey engaged women who have or plans to start a business in tourism. The results indicate that women have many problems with starting a business. Also, they have difficulties in business development, doing innovations, marketing and attracting tourists, etc. They rate their skills level at a medium-rare, and the majority want to improve their skills for doing business, marketing, communication, analytical, decision-making, and other skills. The results could be the basis on which many steps are taken to promote sustainable female entrepreneurship in tourism.
{"title":"Promoting female entrepreneurship in tourism for sustainable development","authors":"G. Tovmasyan","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.1-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-02","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of the development of female entrepreneurship in tourism. Today female entrepreneurs consider being the driving force of economies. Many governments try to promote female engagement in many economies to cover the gender gap. The tourism sphere has a great significance in the economy of the Republic of Armenia. For Armenia, it is crucial to foster female entrepreneurship in tourism that leads to sustainable and equitable development of regions and contributes to social, economic, and environmental development. Today women face many problems for starting a business in tourism in Armenia. The problems are connected with the lack of finance, necessary knowledge, and skills in management, marketing, business organization, etc. The research aims to explore the main competencies and needs of sustainable entrepreneurship and female entrepreneurial skills in the tourism sector. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem unveiled many studies on promoting female entrepreneurship in tourism. Investigation of the topic in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence. Firstly, some literature sources were discussed, then the current tourism situation in Armenia was analyzed, and finally, the main results of surveys were presented. The methodological tool of the research was mainly a survey based on a questionnaire, which includes about 50 questions and 45 questions regarding the main skills. The study applied quantitative and statistical methods to analyze the survey results. The survey engaged women who have or plans to start a business in tourism. The results indicate that women have many problems with starting a business. Also, they have difficulties in business development, doing innovations, marketing and attracting tourists, etc. They rate their skills level at a medium-rare, and the majority want to improve their skills for doing business, marketing, communication, analytical, decision-making, and other skills. The results could be the basis on which many steps are taken to promote sustainable female entrepreneurship in tourism.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67642150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lina Girdauskiene, Edita Ausrine Ciplyte, V. Navickas
Society 5.0, industry 4.0, globalization, digitalization, and even pandemic have changed the whole labor market. Thus, the market expands, and the need for employees is very high. Nowadays, employers face with huge lack of qualified and even unqualified workforce. On the contrary, employees are unwilling to change their workplace, return to normal contract work, or even start work. They become less engaged in all organizational processes and performance. Organizations are forced to think about employee attraction, retention, and engagement by applying various modern instruments and methods. Employee engagement is a trending topic among human resource managers because it directly correlates with organizational performance, customer satisfaction, and even its financial results. It helps to retain employees, explode their competencies, and improve organizational results. In this paper, employee engagement could be defined as individual, job, and organization engagement. Gamification is a powerful tool that increases employee engagement because it allows transforming boring and routine tasks into interesting and meaningful activities and engaging employees. Gamification motivates employees, providing the mean or satisfying internal or external needs. Regular engagement methods already could not achieve key purpose indicators, so gamification could be one of the new ways of work. Although organizations are highly interested in gamification application possibilities, there is a relative lack of research concerning gamification in employee engagement growth. This paper aims to identify how gamification affects employee engagement – individual, job, and organizational. The quantitative empirical research evaluated the theoretically grounded framework of gamification and employee engagement. The results showed that gamification has the strongest impact on individual and job engagement. In the process of assessing the engagement factors and gamification relationship, gamification makes the most substantial impact on reward and recognition, procedural justice, feedback, distributive justice, perceived supervisor support, career, knowledge, learning, and development opportunities.
{"title":"Gamification as an innovative instrument for employee engagement","authors":"Lina Girdauskiene, Edita Ausrine Ciplyte, V. Navickas","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.1-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-01","url":null,"abstract":"Society 5.0, industry 4.0, globalization, digitalization, and even pandemic have changed the whole labor market. Thus, the market expands, and the need for employees is very high. Nowadays, employers face with huge lack of qualified and even unqualified workforce. On the contrary, employees are unwilling to change their workplace, return to normal contract work, or even start work. They become less engaged in all organizational processes and performance. Organizations are forced to think about employee attraction, retention, and engagement by applying various modern instruments and methods. Employee engagement is a trending topic among human resource managers because it directly correlates with organizational performance, customer satisfaction, and even its financial results. It helps to retain employees, explode their competencies, and improve organizational results. In this paper, employee engagement could be defined as individual, job, and organization engagement. Gamification is a powerful tool that increases employee engagement because it allows transforming boring and routine tasks into interesting and meaningful activities and engaging employees. Gamification motivates employees, providing the mean or satisfying internal or external needs. Regular engagement methods already could not achieve key purpose indicators, so gamification could be one of the new ways of work. Although organizations are highly interested in gamification application possibilities, there is a relative lack of research concerning gamification in employee engagement growth. This paper aims to identify how gamification affects employee engagement – individual, job, and organizational. The quantitative empirical research evaluated the theoretically grounded framework of gamification and employee engagement. The results showed that gamification has the strongest impact on individual and job engagement. In the process of assessing the engagement factors and gamification relationship, gamification makes the most substantial impact on reward and recognition, procedural justice, feedback, distributive justice, perceived supervisor support, career, knowledge, learning, and development opportunities.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67642597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article aims to summarize the main determinants that affect the business's level of financial security and financial stability. Based on the bibliometric analysis, the authors identified the main areas of research on financial security and the stability of the business. They conducted a comparative analysis of trends in the number of publications on these issues. With the help of VOSviewer tools, the main economic categories that are most closely related to financial security and sustainability of business were identified. The paper substantiates that economic, innovation, and marketing determinants in various combinations could significantly affect the financial security and sustainability of the business. Based on the systematization of existing scientific achievements, the authors proposed a methodological approach to assessing the business's financial security level. The authors hypothesized the statistically significant impact of economic, innovative, and marketing determinants on the level of financial security of the business. The information base of the study is the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund data. Dickey-Fuller test and Johansen test were used to test the hypothesis. The validity of the results and the nature of the relationship between the indicators were tested by constructing the equation of end-to-end regression (Wald test), regression with fixed individual effects (Brush-Pegan test), and regression with random individual effects (Hausman test). According to the study results, measures to increase the level of financial security of business and minimize the negative impact of certain determinants were proposed.
{"title":"Innovative, Economic and Marketing Determinants of Financial Security and Sustainability of Business","authors":"T. Taghiyeva, I. Tiutiunyk","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.1-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-13","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to summarize the main determinants that affect the business's level of financial security and financial stability. Based on the bibliometric analysis, the authors identified the main areas of research on financial security and the stability of the business. They conducted a comparative analysis of trends in the number of publications on these issues. With the help of VOSviewer tools, the main economic categories that are most closely related to financial security and sustainability of business were identified. The paper substantiates that economic, innovation, and marketing determinants in various combinations could significantly affect the financial security and sustainability of the business. Based on the systematization of existing scientific achievements, the authors proposed a methodological approach to assessing the business's financial security level. The authors hypothesized the statistically significant impact of economic, innovative, and marketing determinants on the level of financial security of the business. The information base of the study is the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund data. Dickey-Fuller test and Johansen test were used to test the hypothesis. The validity of the results and the nature of the relationship between the indicators were tested by constructing the equation of end-to-end regression (Wald test), regression with fixed individual effects (Brush-Pegan test), and regression with random individual effects (Hausman test). According to the study results, measures to increase the level of financial security of business and minimize the negative impact of certain determinants were proposed.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67642774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to examine the relationship between the interpretation of the consumption concept of individuals and their mental well-being levels during the pandemic period. Metaphors are the essential communication tools used in defining and interpreting the consumption concept. The effort to reveal the interpretations loaded on a complex and multidimensional concept such as individuals' consumption expresses the important contribution of this research. The fact that these interpretations were made during the pandemic turned individuals' lives upside-down increases the degree of contribution. The study's originality has been tried to be revealed by establishing a relationship between the interpretations of the consumption phenomenon of individuals and their mental well-being. The Conceptual Metaphor Theory developed by Lakoff and Johnson was used in metaphorical interpretation. The metaphorical approach, which is one of the alternative approaches based on subjective experiences, enables the comprehension of concrete and well-known concepts, abstract concepts, symbols, or elements that are more difficult and complex to understand. The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) was used to determine the mental well-being levels of individuals. All the metaphors developed and evaluated regarding the concept of consumption have been grouped into three conceptual categories: «pleasure, insatiability and vanity», «necessity and requirement», and «addictive and harmful». In this study, the mental well-being average of all participants was calculated as 53.46. The lowest average was calculated in the «addictive and harmful» category according to conceptual categories in terms of mental well-being averages. It was determined that the mental well-being averages of the participants who interpreted the concept of consumption as «negative» were also low.
{"title":"The Relationship between Metaphorical Perceptions of Consumption and Mental Well-Being in the Period of COVID-19","authors":"Hayrettin Zengin","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.1-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-16","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the relationship between the interpretation of the consumption concept of individuals and their mental well-being levels during the pandemic period. Metaphors are the essential communication tools used in defining and interpreting the consumption concept. The effort to reveal the interpretations loaded on a complex and multidimensional concept such as individuals' consumption expresses the important contribution of this research. The fact that these interpretations were made during the pandemic turned individuals' lives upside-down increases the degree of contribution. The study's originality has been tried to be revealed by establishing a relationship between the interpretations of the consumption phenomenon of individuals and their mental well-being. The Conceptual Metaphor Theory developed by Lakoff and Johnson was used in metaphorical interpretation. The metaphorical approach, which is one of the alternative approaches based on subjective experiences, enables the comprehension of concrete and well-known concepts, abstract concepts, symbols, or elements that are more difficult and complex to understand. The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) was used to determine the mental well-being levels of individuals. All the metaphors developed and evaluated regarding the concept of consumption have been grouped into three conceptual categories: «pleasure, insatiability and vanity», «necessity and requirement», and «addictive and harmful». In this study, the mental well-being average of all participants was calculated as 53.46. The lowest average was calculated in the «addictive and harmful» category according to conceptual categories in terms of mental well-being averages. It was determined that the mental well-being averages of the participants who interpreted the concept of consumption as «negative» were also low.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67642880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Being a never-ending debate, the direction of developing standards has to be in the opposite direction in facilitating international trade. This study investigated the relationship of standard, patent, and labor on Indonesian import. This study found some differences and very diverse correlations between the components in the second factor, both positively and negatively correlated. Those studies are generally carried out by developed countries, where the infrastructure to support innovation and standards has developed rapidly. The analysis of this research was carried out using panel data regression and the Cobb-Douglas function. Estimation was carried out using the fix effect and the random effect models. The robust model found variables that impact Indonesian import performance, both simultaneous and partial tests. In addition, a significant impact of the contribution of national standards on the growth of import value and sectors was determined. The low growth rate of patents for the same sector shows the innovation sectors that contributed less to the import value when observed more deeply. In contrast to national standards tending to be domestic, the growth standard of a sector will be inversely proportional to the growth in the value of imports in that sector, except for sectors whose conformity assessment does not support infrastructure. Besides, this study found that labor had no significant impact on import value. However, there was a significant potential from developing national standards and adopting international standards for the growth of national import performance in Indonesia. In addition to functioning as an empirical investigation of the effect of the growth of national standards, the adoption of international standards, labor, and patents on the growth of import value, it also looks at the contribution to the knowledge of developing countries' import growth factors, especially those related to standardization. The analysis shows that national standard growth and adoption growth differently contribute to Indonesian import performance. The findings show that the two factors in standard development have different functions in import performance. This paper further contributed to the knowledge of import growth factors of a developing country, particularly those related to standardization.
{"title":"The significance of standard, patent and labour on import value: case study in Indonesia","authors":"B. Tampubolon","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.1-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-11","url":null,"abstract":"Being a never-ending debate, the direction of developing standards has to be in the opposite direction in facilitating international trade. This study investigated the relationship of standard, patent, and labor on Indonesian import. This study found some differences and very diverse correlations between the components in the second factor, both positively and negatively correlated. Those studies are generally carried out by developed countries, where the infrastructure to support innovation and standards has developed rapidly. The analysis of this research was carried out using panel data regression and the Cobb-Douglas function. Estimation was carried out using the fix effect and the random effect models. The robust model found variables that impact Indonesian import performance, both simultaneous and partial tests. In addition, a significant impact of the contribution of national standards on the growth of import value and sectors was determined. The low growth rate of patents for the same sector shows the innovation sectors that contributed less to the import value when observed more deeply. In contrast to national standards tending to be domestic, the growth standard of a sector will be inversely proportional to the growth in the value of imports in that sector, except for sectors whose conformity assessment does not support infrastructure. Besides, this study found that labor had no significant impact on import value. However, there was a significant potential from developing national standards and adopting international standards for the growth of national import performance in Indonesia. In addition to functioning as an empirical investigation of the effect of the growth of national standards, the adoption of international standards, labor, and patents on the growth of import value, it also looks at the contribution to the knowledge of developing countries' import growth factors, especially those related to standardization. The analysis shows that national standard growth and adoption growth differently contribute to Indonesian import performance. The findings show that the two factors in standard development have different functions in import performance. This paper further contributed to the knowledge of import growth factors of a developing country, particularly those related to standardization.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67642932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Slavinskaitė, Giedrė Lapinskienė, Roman Hlawiczka, Laszlo Vasa
The management process of fiscal policy incorporates a wide analysis of various factors. The dynamic financial approach should be applied in deciding the level of centralization. The article offers the usage of the multicriteria method in selecting fiscal variables as a new instrument for financial evolution. In this article, the hypothesis of decentralization's impact on economic growth is tested to show the growth opportunities. The implications of the fiscal decentralization index on economic growth across the Baltic States for 2005-2017 were examined using a panel data approach with dynamic effects. The Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) are often considered as a single region with similar economic profiles and common political and social values. They are closely related geographically and historically, particularly during the Soviet era. Although their post-Soviet development has been similar, there are significant differences in local administrative systems and government finances. After restoring independence, the three Baltic countries have been reorganizing their public institutions according to western standards. Each country has some differences in organizing the management of local governments. The study's novelty is emphasized by supplementing the analysis with a fiscal decentralization index, including 24 fiscal decentralization indicators. The fiscal decentralization index ranges from 0.29 to 0.51. Lithuania (0,29) has the lowest fiscal decentralization index, the highest – Latvia (0.52) in the Baltic countries. The investigated model has revealed that the facts considered produce a statistically significant effect. Results showed a negative relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth in the Baltic States from 2005 to 2017. It should not be forgotten that, in some cases, regions are not capable of implementing green and inclusive growth without the influence of the central government.
{"title":"Financial Innovation Management: Impact of Fiscal Decentralization on Economic Growth of the Baltic Countries","authors":"N. Slavinskaitė, Giedrė Lapinskienė, Roman Hlawiczka, Laszlo Vasa","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.1-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-19","url":null,"abstract":"The management process of fiscal policy incorporates a wide analysis of various factors. The dynamic financial approach should be applied in deciding the level of centralization. The article offers the usage of the multicriteria method in selecting fiscal variables as a new instrument for financial evolution. In this article, the hypothesis of decentralization's impact on economic growth is tested to show the growth opportunities. The implications of the fiscal decentralization index on economic growth across the Baltic States for 2005-2017 were examined using a panel data approach with dynamic effects. The Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) are often considered as a single region with similar economic profiles and common political and social values. They are closely related geographically and historically, particularly during the Soviet era. Although their post-Soviet development has been similar, there are significant differences in local administrative systems and government finances. After restoring independence, the three Baltic countries have been reorganizing their public institutions according to western standards. Each country has some differences in organizing the management of local governments. The study's novelty is emphasized by supplementing the analysis with a fiscal decentralization index, including 24 fiscal decentralization indicators. The fiscal decentralization index ranges from 0.29 to 0.51. Lithuania (0,29) has the lowest fiscal decentralization index, the highest – Latvia (0.52) in the Baltic countries. The investigated model has revealed that the facts considered produce a statistically significant effect. Results showed a negative relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth in the Baltic States from 2005 to 2017. It should not be forgotten that, in some cases, regions are not capable of implementing green and inclusive growth without the influence of the central government.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67643016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of leadership continues to develop as a concept that still maintains its importance. In the most general sense, leadership shapes employees’ behaviours and facilitates all processes to achieve common goals and objectives. In today's innovative and rapidly changing business world, practical and good leadership is an important study topic in management studies. Effective and good leadership, also known as positive leadership, motivates ineffective employees, develops their skills, improves negative attitudes and behaviours and copes with stress and burnout. Positive Psychology is the newly advancing field of organisational behaviour sciences. Positive leadership highly addresses its relevance with positive character traits as defined virtue. Virtues, which are the source of well-being and glorify people's feelings, thoughts and behaviours, manifest as business ethics principles in business life. The virtues play an influential and vital role in various leadership styles, such as ethical, spiritual and transformational leadership. On the other hand, these leadership styles do not extensively define the core characteristics of a virtuous leader. In this direction, over the past decade, numerous virtuous leadership theories and models have recently developed that cite virtues as essential and indispensable. A review of previous studies revealed a gap in the literature on virtuous leadership. The problem of this study is that virtuous leadership has been examined in primarily ethical literature. This study aims to conceptualise by examining the prominent approaches of virtuous leadership according to the current literature. Traditional literature scrutiny is used as the research method in the paper. Studies are scattered in the relevant literature. This paper summarises the existing virtuous leadership literature and brings out a literature review. The study provides an overview of virtuous leadership theories and models among the definitions and classifications listed in Table 1 and also presents virtues-relevant leadership theories in the literature. Thence, it is expected to contribute to management, leadership and organisational behaviour. The research is a current study in terms of the subject discussed.
{"title":"Business Innovation Management: a General Overview to Virtuous Leadership","authors":"Sema Alimoglu Ozkan, Kadir Ardıç","doi":"10.21272/mmi.2022.2-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.2-17","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of leadership continues to develop as a concept that still maintains its importance. In the most general sense, leadership shapes employees’ behaviours and facilitates all processes to achieve common goals and objectives. In today's innovative and rapidly changing business world, practical and good leadership is an important study topic in management studies. Effective and good leadership, also known as positive leadership, motivates ineffective employees, develops their skills, improves negative attitudes and behaviours and copes with stress and burnout. Positive Psychology is the newly advancing field of organisational behaviour sciences. Positive leadership highly addresses its relevance with positive character traits as defined virtue. Virtues, which are the source of well-being and glorify people's feelings, thoughts and behaviours, manifest as business ethics principles in business life. The virtues play an influential and vital role in various leadership styles, such as ethical, spiritual and transformational leadership. On the other hand, these leadership styles do not extensively define the core characteristics of a virtuous leader. In this direction, over the past decade, numerous virtuous leadership theories and models have recently developed that cite virtues as essential and indispensable. A review of previous studies revealed a gap in the literature on virtuous leadership. The problem of this study is that virtuous leadership has been examined in primarily ethical literature. This study aims to conceptualise by examining the prominent approaches of virtuous leadership according to the current literature. Traditional literature scrutiny is used as the research method in the paper. Studies are scattered in the relevant literature. This paper summarises the existing virtuous leadership literature and brings out a literature review. The study provides an overview of virtuous leadership theories and models among the definitions and classifications listed in Table 1 and also presents virtues-relevant leadership theories in the literature. Thence, it is expected to contribute to management, leadership and organisational behaviour. The research is a current study in terms of the subject discussed.","PeriodicalId":45989,"journal":{"name":"Marketing and Management of Innovations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67643124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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