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The Relationship between Discrimination and Perceived Stress: Buffering Effect of Online Health Information Seeking among Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness 歧视与感知压力的关系——网络健康信息寻求对无家可归青年的缓冲作用
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1931636
I. Park, Anamika Barman-Adhikari, H. Hsu, S. Narendorf, D. S. Maria, Jama Shelton, Kristin M. Ferguson, Kimberly A. Bender, R. Petering
Abstract Young adults experiencing homelessness (YAEH) face discrimination experiences placing them at risk for negative health outcomes. Prior research demonstrates discrimination and perceived stress among YAEH, yet few studies examine the protective role of online health information-seeking (OHIS) behaviors for YAEH. This study investigated the relationship among OHIS, discrimination, and perceived stress in YAEH (N = 1,426). Descriptive analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were conducted. Results indicate that discrimination was significantly related to perceived stress. OHIS moderated the relationship between discrimination and perceived stress. Findings suggest that providing digital access and creating online informational resources are important engagement strategies for YAEH.
摘要无家可归的年轻人(YAEH)面临歧视经历,这使他们面临负面健康后果的风险。先前的研究表明,YAEH中存在歧视和感知压力,但很少有研究考察在线健康信息寻求(OHIS)行为对YAEH的保护作用。本研究调查了YAEH(N = 1426)。采用描述性分析和层次多元回归分析。结果表明,歧视与感知压力显著相关。人权高专办缓和了歧视与感知压力之间的关系。研究结果表明,提供数字访问和创建在线信息资源是YAEH的重要参与策略。
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引用次数: 1
Race After Technology 科技竞逐
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1923109
N. Jude
I read this book against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, the murder of George Floyd, and the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement. During this time in the UK several high-profile reports ...
在新冠疫情、乔治·弗洛伊德被谋杀、“黑人的命也是命”运动兴起的背景下,我读了这本书。在此期间,英国有几篇备受瞩目的报道……
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引用次数: 118
Social Work and Technology: Using Geographic Information Systems to Leverage Community Development Responses to Hate Crimes 社会工作与技术:利用地理信息系统利用社区发展应对仇恨犯罪
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1931635
J. M. Dunlop, Derek Chechak, William A. Hamby, M. Holosko
Abstract This study highlights technology use in community development showing how social workers, police, and neighborhood residents promote safer neighborhoods. The approach used was geographic information systems (GIS) to target specific neighborhoods characterized as needing timely interventions. GIS is a technological sub-specialty and form of spatial cartography allowing data to be stored, manipulated, and visually displayed. This article focuses on how social workers can apply such approaches to enhance their communities and neighborhood residents. We offer a case study of a hate crimes project in Canada that brought together university researchers and a local police service into a research project, designed to identify specific neighborhood places where hate crimes were occurring. We propose that community social workers can form meaningful partnerships with technology experts and leverage this relationship into an expanded practice skill with tangible improvements to the communities they work with.
摘要这项研究强调了技术在社区发展中的应用,展示了社会工作者、警察和社区居民如何促进更安全的社区。使用的方法是地理信息系统(GIS),以针对需要及时干预的特定社区。地理信息系统是空间制图的一个技术分支和形式,允许数据存储、操作和可视化显示。这篇文章的重点是社会工作者如何应用这些方法来改善他们的社区和社区居民。我们提供了一个加拿大仇恨犯罪项目的案例研究,该项目将大学研究人员和当地警察部门纳入一个研究项目,旨在确定仇恨犯罪发生的特定社区。我们建议社区社会工作者可以与技术专家建立有意义的合作伙伴关系,并利用这种关系扩大实践技能,切实改善与他们合作的社区。
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引用次数: 1
Using Mobile Technology to Enhance College Sexual Violence Response, Prevention, and Risk Reduction Efforts 利用移动技术加强大学性暴力应对、预防和风险降低工作
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1929665
S. Potter, Elizabeth A. Moschella, Jennifer M. Demers, M. Lynch
Abstract Given high rates of sexual violence (SV) perpetrated against college students, campus administrators need to identify and utilize strategies to prevent and reduce the risk of SV before, during, and after violence has occurred. Developments in technology offer easily accessible avenues for colleges to deliver accurate resources to students in real time. The present study describes the iterative development process that engaged campus administrators, rape crisis center advocates, law enforcement, and students in the development of the mobile application (app), uSafeUS®. Unlike other college safety apps, uSafeUS provides primary prevention by facilitating users safe exit from potentially dangerous situations, secondary prevention by enabling the user to secure help when SV occurs, and tertiary prevention that enables users to obtain resources to help themselves or a friend in the aftermath of SV, all in one place.
摘要鉴于针对大学生的性暴力(SV)发生率很高,校园管理人员需要确定并利用策略,在暴力发生之前、期间和之后预防和降低SV的风险。技术的发展为大学实时向学生提供准确的资源提供了方便的途径。本研究描述了校园管理员、强奸危机中心倡导者、执法部门和学生参与移动应用程序uSafeUS®开发的迭代开发过程。与其他大学安全应用程序不同,uSafeUS通过帮助用户安全离开潜在危险情况提供一级预防,通过使用户在SV发生时获得帮助提供二级预防,以及通过使用户获得资源在SV发生后帮助自己或朋友的三级预防,所有这些都在一个地方。
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引用次数: 1
Predicting Chronic Homelessness: The Importance of Comparing Algorithms using Client Histories 预测长期无家可归:使用客户历史比较算法的重要性
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1972502
G. Messier, Caleb John, Ayush Malik
Abstract This paper investigates how to best compare algorithms for predicting chronic homelessness for the purpose of identifying good candidates for housing programs. Predictive methods can rapidly refer potentially chronic shelter users to housing but also sometimes incorrectly identify individuals who will not become chronic (false positives). We use shelter access histories to demonstrate that these false positives are often still good candidates for housing. Using this approach, we compare a simple threshold method for predicting chronic homelessness to the more complex logistic regression and neural network algorithms. While traditional binary classification performance metrics show that the machine learning algorithms perform better than the threshold technique, an examination of the shelter access histories of the cohorts identified by the three algorithms show that they select groups with very similar characteristics. This has important implications for resource constrained not-for-profit organizations since the threshold technique can be implemented using much simpler information technology infrastructure than the machine learning algorithms.
摘要本文研究了如何最好地比较预测长期无家可归者的算法,以确定住房计划的良好候选人。预测方法可以快速将潜在的慢性庇护所使用者转介到住房,但有时也会错误地识别出不会成为慢性庇护所的人(假阳性)。我们使用住房使用历史来证明,这些假阳性通常仍然是住房的好候选者。使用这种方法,我们将预测长期无家可归的简单阈值方法与更复杂的逻辑回归和神经网络算法进行了比较。虽然传统的二进制分类性能指标表明机器学习算法的性能优于阈值技术,但对三种算法识别的队列的避难所访问历史的检查表明,它们选择了具有非常相似特征的组。这对资源受限的非营利组织具有重要意义,因为阈值技术可以使用比机器学习算法简单得多的信息技术基础设施来实现。
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引用次数: 8
Toward a framework for developing virtual reality skills training in human services 为人类服务领域的虚拟现实技能培训建立框架
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-05-19 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1915928
Matthew J. Davis, J. Raines, Cole Benson, Chad McDonald, Roger Altizer
Abstract Virtual Reality (VR) is used increasingly for training in human services. A framework that can guide the development and implementation of VR training approaches in human services is needed if the promise of VR is to be realized. Toward this end, we provide design and development recommendations originating from work creating two VR training applications for the child welfare workforce. Our focus is on the training and practice of skills. We begin by providing a brief overview of VR training and the need for effective skills training approaches. Next, orienting information about the two applications is provided. Then, we discuss areas we believe need to be addressed to develop effective VR skills training approaches; namely, incorporating evidence-based learning theories, gaining and maintaining learner engagement using motivational strategies, and creating collaborative technology development teams. The article concludes with a discussion regarding ethical issues that should be considered when developing technology that will be used for training in human services.
摘要虚拟现实(VR)越来越多地用于人类服务的培训。如果要实现虚拟现实的承诺,就需要一个能够指导人类服务中虚拟现实培训方法的开发和实施的框架。为此,我们提供了设计和开发建议,这些建议源于为儿童福利工作者创建两个虚拟现实培训应用程序的工作。我们的重点是技能的培训和实践。我们首先简要概述了虚拟现实培训以及有效技能培训方法的必要性。接下来,提供关于这两个应用程序的定向信息。然后,我们讨论了我们认为需要解决的领域,以制定有效的虚拟现实技能培训方法;即,结合循证学习理论,使用激励策略获得和保持学习者的参与度,以及创建协作技术开发团队。文章最后讨论了在开发用于人类服务培训的技术时应考虑的伦理问题。
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引用次数: 7
The Impact of Cloud Management Platforms on Nonprofit Business Models 云管理平台对非营利商业模式的影响
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-05-14 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1920556
Lauren Azevedo
Abstract Nonprofits are increasingly using business rhetoric, practices, and systems to create sustainable business models and remain attentive to social needs and stakeholder expectations in a depleted and suppressed economy. One such system of business appropriating is in the information technology and management space, which can help nonprofits operate efficiently in a cloud environment. There is a need for scholarly work devoted to understanding cloud-based control and management within nonprofit organization systems and environments. Given the dearth of exploratory work, this study examines how cloud management platforms are used in nonprofits and considers how they influence operations and nonprofit business models. Findings reveal that cloud management platforms help nonprofits create or optimize operations and improve internal and external relationships with stakeholders, often impacting business strategy by mission fulfillment and program needs. Recommendations for consideration of cloud management platforms are made based on criteria comparison of nonprofit purpose, structure, size, and data management needs.
摘要非营利组织越来越多地使用商业言论、实践和系统来创建可持续的商业模式,并在枯竭和受抑制的经济中关注社会需求和利益相关者的期望。其中一个业务占用系统是在信息技术和管理领域,它可以帮助非营利组织在云环境中高效运营。需要致力于理解非营利组织系统和环境中基于云的控制和管理的学术工作。鉴于缺乏探索性工作,本研究考察了云管理平台如何在非营利组织中使用,并考虑了它们如何影响运营和非营利商业模式。研究结果显示,云管理平台有助于非营利组织创建或优化运营,改善与利益相关者的内部和外部关系,通常会通过任务履行和项目需求影响业务战略。基于非营利目的、结构、规模和数据管理需求的标准比较,提出了考虑云管理平台的建议。
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引用次数: 3
Text-Mining Open-Ended Survey Responses Using Structural Topic Modeling: A Practical Demonstration to Understand Parents’ Coping Methods During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Singapore 使用结构主题模型对文本进行开放式调查回应:了解新加坡新冠肺炎大流行期间父母应对方法的实践演示
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-05-11 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2022.2036301
Gerard Chung, Maria Rodriguez, P. Lanier, D. Gibbs
ABSTRACT Open-ended survey questions crucially contribute to researchers’ understandings of respondents’ experiences. However, analyzing open-ended responses using human coders is labor-intensive. Structural topic modeling (STM) is a text mining method that discover topics from textual data. We demonstrate the use of STM to analyze open-ended survey responses to understand how parents coped during the COVID-19 lock-down in Singapore. We administered online surveys to 199 parents in Singapore during the COVID-19 lock-down. To show a STM analysis, we demonstrated a workflow that includes steps in data preprocessing, model estimation, model selection, and model interpretation. An 18-topic model best fit the data based on model diagnostics and researchers’ expertise. Prevalent coping methods described by respondents include “Spousal Support,” “Routines/Schedules,” and “Managing Expectations.” Topic prevalence for some topics varied with respondents’ levels of parenting stress and whether parents were fathers or mothers. STM offers an efficient, valid, and replicable way to analyze textual data such as open-ended survey responses and case notes that can complement researchers’ knowledge and skills. STM can be used as part of a multistage research process or to support other analyses such as clarifying quantitative findings and identifying preliminary themes from qualitative data. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2022.2036301 .
开放式调查问题对研究人员理解被调查者的经历至关重要。然而,使用人类编码人员分析开放式响应是一项劳动密集型工作。结构主题建模(STM)是一种从文本数据中发现主题的文本挖掘方法。我们展示了使用STM来分析开放式调查回答,以了解新加坡父母在COVID-19封锁期间是如何应对的。在COVID-19封锁期间,我们对新加坡的199名家长进行了在线调查。为了展示STM分析,我们演示了一个工作流,其中包括数据预处理、模型估计、模型选择和模型解释的步骤。基于模型诊断和研究人员的专业知识,一个18个主题的模型最适合数据。受访者描述的常见应对方法包括“配偶支持”、“日常事务/计划”和“管理期望”。某些话题的流行程度因受访者的育儿压力水平和父母是父亲还是母亲而异。STM提供了一种高效、有效和可复制的方法来分析文本数据,例如开放式调查回复和案例记录,可以补充研究人员的知识和技能。STM可以用作多阶段研究过程的一部分,或用于支持其他分析,例如澄清定量结果和从定性数据中确定初步主题。本文的补充数据可在https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2022.2036301上在线获得。
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引用次数: 5
Design and Implementation Considerations for Virtual Reality in Human Services 虚拟现实在人类服务中的设计和实现考虑
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-05-08 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1915929
Cole Benson, Chad McDonald, Matthew J. Davis, J. Raines
The special issue of the Journal of Technology and Human Services. The special issue titled Design and Implementation Considerations for Virtual Reality (VR) in Human Services aims to provide crucial considerations, strategies, findings, and lessons learned for researchers or clinicians looking to imbed VR technology into their practice. This special issue highlights the challenges and barriers when developing VR technologies, including hard-to-reach populations, collaborating with other disciplines, and navigating situations such as distance learning and new safety protocols posed by COVID-19. In addition, the special issue discusses the importance of ethically developing VR to address these challenges and how VR technology can be both designed and implemented in a fashion that is forward looking, effective, and leveraged beyond "technology for technology's sake." As highlighted in the six articles featured in this special issue, there are numerous design and implementation considerations when developing VR tools for human services. This special issue highlights the importance of using evidence-based theories to guide the development of VR technologies within the realm of human services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
科技与人类服务杂志的特刊。这期题为《人类服务中虚拟现实(VR)的设计和实施考虑》的特刊旨在为希望将VR技术融入实践的研究人员或临床医生提供关键的考虑因素、策略、发现和经验教训。本期特刊重点介绍了开发虚拟现实技术时面临的挑战和障碍,包括难以接触到的人群、与其他学科的合作,以及应对远程学习和新冠肺炎带来的新安全协议等情况。此外,这期特刊还讨论了道德发展VR以应对这些挑战的重要性,以及如何以前瞻性、有效性和超越“为技术而技术”的方式设计和实施VR技术。正如本期特刊的六篇文章所强调的那样,在为人类服务开发VR工具时,有许多设计和实施方面的考虑因素。本期特刊强调了在人类服务领域使用循证理论指导虚拟现实技术发展的重要性。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2021 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality Learning Environment: Integrating Trauma-Informed Principles into Human Service Agency Settings 沉浸式虚拟现实学习环境的开发:将创伤知情原则融入人类服务机构设置
IF 1.5 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1915925
Steven Sturman, M. Sperlich, Louanne Bakk, Samantha P. Koury
Abstract This article details the creation of a Virtual Reality Learning Environment (VRLE) designed to educate students on how trauma-informed (TI) principles can be integrated into the physical environments of human service agencies. Virtual Reality (VR) technologies and characteristics that have the potential to improve student learning outcomes are reviewed. The integration of VR into a social work doctoral program is described, and the theoretical and pedagogical considerations that informed the creation of the TI VRLE are explored. Details of the process of developing and assessing the TI VRLE are discussed, together with lessons learned and directions for future research.
本文详细介绍了虚拟现实学习环境(VRLE)的创建,旨在教育学生如何将创伤知情(TI)原则融入人类服务机构的物理环境中。虚拟现实(VR)技术和特点,有可能提高学生的学习成果进行了审查。将VR融入社会工作博士课程进行了描述,并探讨了创建TI VRLE的理论和教学考虑。讨论了制定和评估国际卫生组织VRLE的详细过程,以及吸取的经验教训和未来研究的方向。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY IN HUMAN SERVICES
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