Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community最新文献

The Chilean model of economic development, based on the extraction of natural resources, has had significant environmental and social impacts on the country, especially in rural areas. The research project "Towards the construction of sustainable schools and communities in rural areas in socio-environmental crises" studies the interaction between the unregulated exploitation of natural resources, the resulting socio-environmental crises and the responses of schools and communities in the affected rural areas. Based on a documentary and socio-bibliometric approach, identifying the main issues and research gaps related to the socio-environmental crises in the selected territories. The research showed that there are few studies on the role of rural schools and community organizations in the addressing of the socio-environmental crises of the territories and the fostering of long-term educational and community resilience. This reflects the low visibility that these communities are receiving, despite their significant potential on the matter.

The amount of discarded electronic products (called e-waste) such as printers, monitors, laptops, and their accessories and cables, grows internationally every year. Encouraging and instructing people how to recycle e-waste is necessary for decelerating climate change. Applying the theory of planned behavior, individuals' intent to recycle may vary because of their values, norms, and perceived control. In the present study, 839 adults (430 men, 409 women) completed survey items online through crowdsourcing, offering a representative American sample. Most participants were young and middle-aged (62%) with a bachelor's degree (51%). Hierarchical regression results suggest intent to recycle is predicted partially by our values, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. In the face of a climate crisis, we highlight the importance of fostering positive attitudes toward the environment, normalizing pro-environmental behavior, and offering information on how to engage in pro-environmental behavior like recycling.

The relationship between food consumption and sustainability has become increasingly relevant due to the significant environmental impacts associated with global food production and consumption systems. However, more conscious food consumption could generate economic benefits, reduce the release of toxic substances and provide direct health benefits to consumers. In recent years, there has been a change in consumption patterns and a more conscious approach to food choices and environmental impact from citizens, particularly young people. This study focuses on how moving away from home affects the eating habits of university students. Using an online questionnaire and adopting a snowball sampling technique, we collected qualitative responses regarding changes in their eating habits after moving, with the aim of exploring the factors and patterns driving these changes. The findings indicate that the nexus between food and sustainability is a pivotal lens through which to examine the social and cultural transformations currently underway.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults and represents the leading cause of mortality. Risk factors for CVD in AI/AN adults are well-described, and a growing body of evidence reports the inequitable prevalence of factors associated with the development of CVD in AI/AN children, including obesity, physical inactivity, and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Objective: This article organizes and summarizes the evidence describing CVD risk factors in AI/AN children, discusses the social drivers of health impacting these risks, and highlights several programs that have demonstrated effectiveness in improving AI/AN child health.

Results: Fortunately, multiple community- and Tribal-based programs have aimed to mitigate the impact of obesity, diabetes, and physical activity in AI/AN youth, given that nascent CVD begins in the pediatric years. These efforts include screening, lifestyle choices, including diet and exercise, and, importantly, culturally relevant programming to promote cardiovascular health in AI/AN children.

Discussion: Though at a disproportionate risk for CVD based on biological and social drivers of health, AI/AN children are being prioritized by their communities, and there are many ongoing efforts to support their cardiovascular health. However, further investigation and investment is warranted to protect this population and address ongoing disparities in AI/AN CVD.

The article uses theory and qualitative evidence to show how youth participatory action research (YPAR) can advance educational equity. YPAR engages young people and adult allies in research and action on issues in their schools and communities. Interviews with over two dozen YPAR researchers-students and partner teachers-elaborate the mechanisms through which school-based YPAR can affect equity, including through direct changes to policy and practice as a result of YPAR actions, a school culture that values student experiences, transformative teacher-student relationships, and improved individual outcomes for participants. To help theorize a theory of change, we draw on Doreen Massey's space theory to explain how YPAR done in schools can transform culture, relationships, practice, and policy. Further, we suggest how YPAR can be infused in schools.

Democratic innovations offer a promising set of interventions to empower citizens, reduce polarization, and reimagine participatory governance. This article examines the Petaluma Fairgrounds Advisory Panel (PFAP), a citizens assembly convened to deliberate the future of a locally significant property. This qualitative study consisted of 15 panelist interviews exploring panelist experiences of nine equity strategies incorporated into the PFAP design as well as broader themes around how equity was conceptualized. Certain equity strategies emerged as particularly salient in shaping panelists' experiences, underscoring the significance of specific design components in fostering equity. In most cases appraisals were positive, though several critiques and negative assessments were mentioned. Panelist conceptualizations of equity centered around notions of fairness and belonging. The current study offers a window into how strategies to promote equity are experienced, and can inform participatory and deliberative practices that seek to effectively incorporate values of equity.

Rural hospitals are closing rapidly across the US, causing a decline in access to health care for rural populations. Tennessee has the highest rate of rural hospital closures per capita; however, some rural hospitals have managed to survive. To better understand protective strategies against rural hospital closures in Tennessee, fourteen interviews were conducted with hospital stakeholders in five racially and geographically diverse rural communities. Interviewees shared perspectives on strategies that have supported their hospital's continued operations. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis. Analysis of participants' interviews resulted in the emergence of six major themes to reduce hospitals' risk for closure: government policy; commercial factors; business-internal strategies; community-engagement strategies; ongoing challenges, and behavioral health and substance abuse. Within these major themes, subthemes were elucidated. Amplifying the concerns and successful strategies of rural hospital stakeholders may provide solutions to address the health crisis affecting rural communities throughout the US and advance rural health equity.

The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is an important economic safety net for many working families across America. Enacted in 1975, the credit provides credit to low- and moderate-income households with labor income. Receipt of the EITC has been demonstrated to provide substantial benefits to direct recipients, benefits that cascade intergenerationally, and benefits for communities in which recipients reside. The full potential of the EITC has not been realized because of a relatively low participation rate. In this paper, we describe a framework designed to increase participation in the EITC and the results of pilot testing that utilized this framework in Utah. Overall, our work suggests that schools might work best as locations for EITC take-up interventions when family engagement centers are present. Our recommendation is to use these structures as effective outreach.

Leaders undertaking the effort to dismantle structural inqualities at the organizational level often find traditional professional development on diversity, equity, and inclusion to be limited in scope, rarely leading to meaningful organizational change. The Racial Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (REDI) Movement was developed in 2020 by associates within a Midwest university research center to increase efforts toward the pursuit of a holistic, systems-level approach to equity, social justice, and inclusion. REDI now includes several interventions that prepare associates and their teams to advance racial justice and equity across four levels of the REDI Framework: Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Institutional, and Societal. This case study investigates a team-based, voluntary pilot intervention within REDI known as the Equity Inventory Planning Process (EIPP), specifically targeting policy development to address structural racism at the institutional level. We piloted the EIPP with seven early care and education organizations following a year of strategic planning and consultation with the leading statewide Head Start association.

To foster meaningful participation within a community, people must have access to suitable and safe housing. Unfortunately, many people with disabilities currently reside in homes that fail to meet their functional, social, and psychological needs. Limited research has explored the interaction between housing and home usability on community participation for people with disabilities. This analysis seeks to delve deeper into the intricacies of the relationship between home usability and community participation. Employing a qualitative approach and analysis, we examine the experiences of participants who completed the Home Usability Program at Centers for Independent Living across the United States. Results indicate that home usability affects community participation dynamically through five, interconnected mechanisms: Health and Function, Autonomy and Choice, Social Interaction, Organization, and Safety.