Pub Date : 2022-01-21DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2022.2027836
A. C. Braz, V. Leme, E. Barham, C. E. Squassoni, S. Coimbra, L. Pizzani, A. Fontaine
ABSTRACT We carried out a cross-cultural adaptation of the Intergenerational Solidarity Index, for use in Brazil (ISI-BR) with a sample of 682 people between the ages of 18 and 85. We used EFA, CFA and reliability measures. ISI-BR is a 24-item instrument with five factors: Functional solidarity, Affectual solidarity, Normative solidarity – obligations; Normative solidarity – values, and Conflict. Cronbach’s alpha for the full scale was .84 and the composite reliability of the subscales ranged between .69 and .93, suggesting that they have good to excellent precision. We discuss the implications of this instrument for research, professional practice and public policy development.
{"title":"A Cross-cultural Adaptation of A Measure of Intergenerational Family Relations, for Use in Brazil","authors":"A. C. Braz, V. Leme, E. Barham, C. E. Squassoni, S. Coimbra, L. Pizzani, A. Fontaine","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2022.2027836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2022.2027836","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We carried out a cross-cultural adaptation of the Intergenerational Solidarity Index, for use in Brazil (ISI-BR) with a sample of 682 people between the ages of 18 and 85. We used EFA, CFA and reliability measures. ISI-BR is a 24-item instrument with five factors: Functional solidarity, Affectual solidarity, Normative solidarity – obligations; Normative solidarity – values, and Conflict. Cronbach’s alpha for the full scale was .84 and the composite reliability of the subscales ranged between .69 and .93, suggesting that they have good to excellent precision. We discuss the implications of this instrument for research, professional practice and public policy development.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"21 1","pages":"234 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42825143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2022.2086958
Jennie L Dorris, Kyle Chang, Diana J McLaughlin, Shaun S Murray, Savannah Schaumburg, Juleen Rodakowski
Effective intergenerational music programming has the power to positively influence the current lives of the millions of older adults who are experiencing Alzheimer's disease and dementia, as well as to support the confidence of the newest generation of young musicians. To explore this potential, we designed a digital, intergenerational music program delivered by adolescent musicians to older adults with cognitive decline. This program utilized songs preferred by the older adults and an interactive activity that engaged the two generations. We believe this type of easily scalable programming could support older adults and young musicians, as well as promote new intergenerational relationships.
{"title":"Project Unmute: A Digital Music Program Delivered by Adolescent Musicians to Older Adults with Cognitive Decline.","authors":"Jennie L Dorris, Kyle Chang, Diana J McLaughlin, Shaun S Murray, Savannah Schaumburg, Juleen Rodakowski","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2022.2086958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2022.2086958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective intergenerational music programming has the power to positively influence the current lives of the millions of older adults who are experiencing Alzheimer's disease and dementia, as well as to support the confidence of the newest generation of young musicians. To explore this potential, we designed a digital, intergenerational music program delivered by adolescent musicians to older adults with cognitive decline. This program utilized songs preferred by the older adults and an interactive activity that engaged the two generations. We believe this type of easily scalable programming could support older adults and young musicians, as well as promote new intergenerational relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"20 4","pages":"493-501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9838787/pdf/nihms-1814010.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9658756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.2015044
Hanna K. Counts, R. Aday, J. Wallace, Samantha Weir
ABSTRACT This study examined the validity of the contact hypothesis on changing student attitudes toward older adults as well as accessing the benefits of an ongoing intergenerational service-learning program for older adults. The model introduced in this research paired students from a large university in the southeast (mean age = 23) with older adults (mean age = 83) residing in an assisted living facility. A quasi-experimental pre- and posttest design employing the Perceptions of Aging and Elderly Inventory (PAEI) and the Elderly Patient Care Inventory (EPCI) indicated the program had significant positive effects on student attitudes toward aging as well as improving the likelihood of working with older adults. Qualitative accounts provided by students demonstrated a reduction in negative stereotypes and a greater understanding of and empathy for older adults. Comments from older adult participants indicated the stimulating experience improved overall quality of life by reducing boredom and loneliness, maintaining an important connection to the outside world, and serving as a welcomed exchange for keeping them young at heart.
{"title":"Getting AHeAD: Examining the Intergenerational Benefits of Participating in a College Service-Learning Program","authors":"Hanna K. Counts, R. Aday, J. Wallace, Samantha Weir","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2021.2015044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2021.2015044","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examined the validity of the contact hypothesis on changing student attitudes toward older adults as well as accessing the benefits of an ongoing intergenerational service-learning program for older adults. The model introduced in this research paired students from a large university in the southeast (mean age = 23) with older adults (mean age = 83) residing in an assisted living facility. A quasi-experimental pre- and posttest design employing the Perceptions of Aging and Elderly Inventory (PAEI) and the Elderly Patient Care Inventory (EPCI) indicated the program had significant positive effects on student attitudes toward aging as well as improving the likelihood of working with older adults. Qualitative accounts provided by students demonstrated a reduction in negative stereotypes and a greater understanding of and empathy for older adults. Comments from older adult participants indicated the stimulating experience improved overall quality of life by reducing boredom and loneliness, maintaining an important connection to the outside world, and serving as a welcomed exchange for keeping them young at heart.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"20 1","pages":"217 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49172312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-16DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.2015045
S. Oosman, S. Abonyi, T. Roy, L. Durocher
ABSTRACT Intergenerational health and wellness promotion among Métis peoples in Canada is emerging as a priority for Métis communities. Our team is engaged with an intergenerational and lifecourse-oriented program of research on aging well in collaboration with a northern Saskatchewan Métis community (in Canada). We employ a community-engaged participatory action methodology that integrates Métis and Western perspectives through iterative cycles of planning, implementing, and action. Métis perspectives are provided by two Métis community leads and Western perspectives by two non-Métis team leads from the University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Our research program commenced with the development of a program logo which was created by two Métis community youth. We reflect on the intergeneratiaonl health and wellness symbols and significance of this research program logo as our research has progressed. It has become clear that the logo may provide a nascent Métis intergenerational wellness framework that aligns with what we are learning from Métis research participants (young and old). Further, the logo aligns with Indigenous theory and a framework that has informed our original research proposal. In this “advancing the field paper” we introduce the logo and describe its relevance to intergenerational wellbeing among Métis peoples.
{"title":"Oskayak Miyoyawin (Youth Wellness) ~ Métis Youth Perspectives on Intergenerational Wellness Reflected through A Research Project Logo","authors":"S. Oosman, S. Abonyi, T. Roy, L. Durocher","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2021.2015045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2021.2015045","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intergenerational health and wellness promotion among Métis peoples in Canada is emerging as a priority for Métis communities. Our team is engaged with an intergenerational and lifecourse-oriented program of research on aging well in collaboration with a northern Saskatchewan Métis community (in Canada). We employ a community-engaged participatory action methodology that integrates Métis and Western perspectives through iterative cycles of planning, implementing, and action. Métis perspectives are provided by two Métis community leads and Western perspectives by two non-Métis team leads from the University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Our research program commenced with the development of a program logo which was created by two Métis community youth. We reflect on the intergeneratiaonl health and wellness symbols and significance of this research program logo as our research has progressed. It has become clear that the logo may provide a nascent Métis intergenerational wellness framework that aligns with what we are learning from Métis research participants (young and old). Further, the logo aligns with Indigenous theory and a framework that has informed our original research proposal. In this “advancing the field paper” we introduce the logo and describe its relevance to intergenerational wellbeing among Métis peoples.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"20 1","pages":"127 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47290991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.1997870
Andrew Steward, Kimberly McDevitt
ABSTRACT This phenomenological study involved individual, unstructured interviews with older adults. Eleven participants were recruited from independent living, assisted living, and community center settings. The study was guided by three overarching research aims: 1) To understand if and how intergenerational engagement helps reduce social isolation and loneliness for older adults 2) to understand how intergenerational experiences may have changed over time, and 3) to identify specific barriers, facilitators, benefits, and best practices of intergenerational engagement among older adults. Results revealed important themes related to increasing age segregation, the potential impacts of internalized ageism, and a need for small group or one-on-one intergenerational opportunities.
{"title":"“Otherwise We Would Be like an Island”: A Phenomenological Understanding of Intergenerational Engagement Aimed at Reducing Social Isolation","authors":"Andrew Steward, Kimberly McDevitt","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2021.1997870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2021.1997870","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This phenomenological study involved individual, unstructured interviews with older adults. Eleven participants were recruited from independent living, assisted living, and community center settings. The study was guided by three overarching research aims: 1) To understand if and how intergenerational engagement helps reduce social isolation and loneliness for older adults 2) to understand how intergenerational experiences may have changed over time, and 3) to identify specific barriers, facilitators, benefits, and best practices of intergenerational engagement among older adults. Results revealed important themes related to increasing age segregation, the potential impacts of internalized ageism, and a need for small group or one-on-one intergenerational opportunities.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"21 1","pages":"215 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46205437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-22DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.1989103
Ahuva Even-Zohar
ABSTRACT The study sought to increase understanding of the relationship between LGB young adults and their grandparents from the point of view of the grandchildren. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 LGB Israelis aged 21 to 33. Content analysis revealed three themes: (1) considerations behind the decision of whether to come out to grandparents; (2) the act of disclosure to grandparents; and (3) relations with the grandparents after coming out. The results show that, in most cases, the relationship between the grandchild and their grandparents was not altered by disclosure of their sexual orientation. In light of the continuing rise in the number of people who choose to come out, and the significance of the grandparent-grandchild relationship, it is important to encourage communication and contact between the generations, and if necessary, to seek professional assistance to help bridge the gaps between them resulting from the grandchild’s sexual orientation.
{"title":"The Relationship between LGB (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual) Grandchildren and Their Grandparents","authors":"Ahuva Even-Zohar","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2021.1989103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2021.1989103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study sought to increase understanding of the relationship between LGB young adults and their grandparents from the point of view of the grandchildren. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 LGB Israelis aged 21 to 33. Content analysis revealed three themes: (1) considerations behind the decision of whether to come out to grandparents; (2) the act of disclosure to grandparents; and (3) relations with the grandparents after coming out. The results show that, in most cases, the relationship between the grandchild and their grandparents was not altered by disclosure of their sexual orientation. In light of the continuing rise in the number of people who choose to come out, and the significance of the grandparent-grandchild relationship, it is important to encourage communication and contact between the generations, and if necessary, to seek professional assistance to help bridge the gaps between them resulting from the grandchild’s sexual orientation.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"21 1","pages":"176 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43298826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-17DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.1965064
Yumiko Endoh, Yoko Tamashiro, Takehiko Toyosato, F. Omine, M. Takeda, Minoru Kobayashi, H. Endoh
ABSTRACT Appropriate physical activity (PA) enhances health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the elderly. However, few studies have focused on the physical activity required during grandparenting activities. We investigated the levels of PA and HRQOL in 48 Japanese grandmothers and determined the association between child-rearing assistance and PA and between PA and HRQOL. The study revealed that the grandmothers mainly provided non-daily care, and they showed an appropriate level of PA and good physical and mental HRQOL. These findings suggest that involvement in non-routine care has benefits for grandparents’ health.
{"title":"Child-rearing Assistance Enhances Physical Activity and Health-related Quality of Life among Japanese Grandmothers","authors":"Yumiko Endoh, Yoko Tamashiro, Takehiko Toyosato, F. Omine, M. Takeda, Minoru Kobayashi, H. Endoh","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2021.1965064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2021.1965064","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Appropriate physical activity (PA) enhances health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the elderly. However, few studies have focused on the physical activity required during grandparenting activities. We investigated the levels of PA and HRQOL in 48 Japanese grandmothers and determined the association between child-rearing assistance and PA and between PA and HRQOL. The study revealed that the grandmothers mainly provided non-daily care, and they showed an appropriate level of PA and good physical and mental HRQOL. These findings suggest that involvement in non-routine care has benefits for grandparents’ health.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"21 1","pages":"155 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43011084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.1952133
Yoh Murayama, J. Yamaguchi, M. Yasunaga, Masataka Kuraoka, Y. Fujiwara
ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the effects of intergenerational programs on high school students’ development of self-efficacy. We used a quasi-experimental ex-post facto design with several follow-ups and conducted a questionnaire survey with 236 high school students. Results showed that the self-efficacy of students who experienced community activities increased over time after the intergenerational programs. Conversely, self-efficacy for students who had not participated in community activities did not change over the three years of the study. Findings indicate that participating in intergenerational programs promotes the development of adolescent self-efficacy through the experience of interaction with different generations in local activities.
{"title":"Effects of Participating in Intergenerational Programs on the Development of High School Students’ Self-Efficacy","authors":"Yoh Murayama, J. Yamaguchi, M. Yasunaga, Masataka Kuraoka, Y. Fujiwara","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2021.1952133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2021.1952133","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the effects of intergenerational programs on high school students’ development of self-efficacy. We used a quasi-experimental ex-post facto design with several follow-ups and conducted a questionnaire survey with 236 high school students. Results showed that the self-efficacy of students who experienced community activities increased over time after the intergenerational programs. Conversely, self-efficacy for students who had not participated in community activities did not change over the three years of the study. Findings indicate that participating in intergenerational programs promotes the development of adolescent self-efficacy through the experience of interaction with different generations in local activities.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"20 1","pages":"406 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15350770.2021.1952133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45881271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-19DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.1951920
James Weber, M. Urick
ABSTRACT Age group typically identifies millennials – those born between 1982 and 2004. Yet our research challenges the designation based on age group by considering this population in the context of an individual’s citizenship or culture. Based on tenets of social identity theory, we explore a citizen’s personal value orientation and cognitive moral reasoning to discover commonalities or differences across individuals from eight countries. We report wide variations among citizens’ personal value orientations and principled moral reasoning despite being borne within an identified age group. We conclude that an individual’s geographic context is a stronger classification descriptor based on values and moral reasoning than their age-based generational categories. Implications for business practice and scholarly research are discussed.
{"title":"Searching for A Stronger Generational Understanding than Just Age: A Multi-Country Analysis of Millennials’ Personal Values and Moral Reasoning","authors":"James Weber, M. Urick","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2021.1951920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2021.1951920","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Age group typically identifies millennials – those born between 1982 and 2004. Yet our research challenges the designation based on age group by considering this population in the context of an individual’s citizenship or culture. Based on tenets of social identity theory, we explore a citizen’s personal value orientation and cognitive moral reasoning to discover commonalities or differences across individuals from eight countries. We report wide variations among citizens’ personal value orientations and principled moral reasoning despite being borne within an identified age group. We conclude that an individual’s geographic context is a stronger classification descriptor based on values and moral reasoning than their age-based generational categories. Implications for business practice and scholarly research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"21 1","pages":"110 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15350770.2021.1951920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42857123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-06DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.1952134
Alice N. L. Kwong, E. Yan
ABSTRACT This study examined the role of face-to-face intergenerational contact in reducing ageism among 467 young Chinese people. The results showed that the quality of face-to-face intergenerational contact contributed significantly to young people’s attitudes toward older people, and that equal intergenerational status and frequent phone communication were positively associated with the perceived quality of their face-to-face contact between older and younger people. Also, attitudes toward older people and phone communication had a significant positive influence on their prosocial behavior toward older people. Strategies to reduce ageism should include policies to strengthening positive intergenerational relationships especially in families with elderly members, and efforts to implementing intergenerational programs that feature an equal intergenerational status.
{"title":"The Role of Quality of Face-to-face Intergenerational Contact in Reducing Ageism: The Perspectives of Young People","authors":"Alice N. L. Kwong, E. Yan","doi":"10.1080/15350770.2021.1952134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2021.1952134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examined the role of face-to-face intergenerational contact in reducing ageism among 467 young Chinese people. The results showed that the quality of face-to-face intergenerational contact contributed significantly to young people’s attitudes toward older people, and that equal intergenerational status and frequent phone communication were positively associated with the perceived quality of their face-to-face contact between older and younger people. Also, attitudes toward older people and phone communication had a significant positive influence on their prosocial behavior toward older people. Strategies to reduce ageism should include policies to strengthening positive intergenerational relationships especially in families with elderly members, and efforts to implementing intergenerational programs that feature an equal intergenerational status.","PeriodicalId":46132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships","volume":"21 1","pages":"136 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15350770.2021.1952134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47918663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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