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“They Understand What You’re Going Through”: Experientially Similar Others, Anticipatory Stress, and Depressive Symptoms “他们理解你的经历”:经验相似的人,预期的压力和抑郁症状
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.1177/2156869320910773
Matthew K. Grace
Past research demonstrates that experientially similar others—people who have confronted the same stressor or who occupy the same social role—are uniquely equipped to provide empathic understanding and tailored coping strategies to individuals navigating comparable, taxing circumstances. Using the case of premedical education, fixed-effects regression analyses of egocentric network data (N = 286) indicate that premeds whose support networks include a greater proportion of premedical peers over time experience fewer depressive symptoms. However, among premeds who report greater anticipatory stress about failing to achieve medical school admission, the presence of additional peers in support networks strengthens the detrimental effects of anticipatory stress. Qualitative data (n = 39) shed light on this empirical puzzle. Although peers offer a broad spectrum of support functions, they can also accentuate stressors or serve as a basis for negative social comparison. These findings introduce new considerations for theorizing the role of similar other support in the stress process.
过去的研究表明,经历相似的人——面对同样的压力源或扮演同样的社会角色的人——具有独特的能力,能够提供同理心的理解和量身定制的应对策略,以应对类似的、繁重的环境。以医学预科教育为例,自我中心网络数据(N = 286)的固定效应回归分析表明,随着时间的推移,支持网络中包括更大比例的医学预科同伴的预科学生抑郁症状较少。然而,在那些因无法进入医学院而报告更大预期压力的预科生中,支持网络中额外同伴的存在加强了预期压力的有害影响。定性数据(n = 39)揭示了这一实证难题。虽然同伴提供了广泛的支持功能,但他们也可以加重压力源或作为负面社会比较的基础。这些发现为理论化类似的其他支持在应力过程中的作用引入了新的考虑。
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引用次数: 7
"Go See Somebody": How Spouses Promote Mental Health Care. "去找人看看":配偶如何促进心理保健。
IF 3 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-03-01 Epub Date: 2019-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/2156869319834335
Corinne Reczek, Mieke Beth Thomeer, Lauren Gebhardt-Kram, Debra Umberson

This study considers when, whether, and how spouses encourage professional mental health care by analyzing qualitative data from 90 in-depth interviews with gay, lesbian, and heterosexual spouses. Findings show that a majority of spouses are engaged in promoting each other's mental health care but that the strategies used to promote care vary by gender and the gender composition of the couple. The majority of gay men and lesbian women promote care by framing mental health problems as largely biochemical, fixable only with professional care or medicine, and work to destigmatize this care. Lesbian women uniquely emphasize the influence of a spouse's symptoms on marital quality as a reason to pursue care. Some heterosexual women and men also report seeing their spouse's mental health care as something for them to deal with on their own and thus do not encourage care. This study has important implications for researchers looking to understand why some individuals seek mental health care and others do not and provides policymakers insight into mental health interventions via spouses.

本研究通过分析与男同性恋、女同性恋和异性恋配偶进行的 90 次深入访谈的定性数据,探讨了配偶在何时、是否以及如何鼓励专业的心理健康护理。研究结果表明,大多数配偶都参与了促进对方心理健康的工作,但促进工作的策略因性别和配偶性别构成的不同而不同。大多数男同性恋者和女同性恋者通过将心理健康问题归结为主要是生化问题,只有通过专业护理或药物才能解决,并努力消除这种护理的污名化,来促进护理工作。女同性恋者特别强调配偶的症状对婚姻质量的影响,以此作为寻求护理的理由。一些异性恋女性和男性也表示,他们认为配偶的精神健康问题应该由他们自己来解决,因 此并不鼓励进行护理。这项研究对于研究人员了解为什么有些人寻求心理保健而有些人不寻求心理保健具有重要意义,同时也为政策制定者提供了通过配偶进行心理保健干预的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Trajectories of Unsecured Debt across the Life Course and Mental Health at Midlife. 无担保债务的人生轨迹与中年心理健康。
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-03-01 Epub Date: 2018-12-17 DOI: 10.1177/2156869318816742
Amy Ruining Sun, Jason N Houle

In this paper, we contribute to a growing literature on debt and mental health and ask whether patterns of unsecured debt accumulation and repayment over two decades are associated with depressive symptoms at age 50. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979 Cohort and group trajectory models, we have three key findings. First, we find substantial heterogeneity in debt trajectories across the life course. Second, respondents who report consistently high debt levels across the life course or who cycle in and out of high debt report significantly more depressive symptoms than respondents who hold consistently low levels of debt. These findings hold for both absolute and relative (debt-to-income) debt. Third, we find that the association between debt and depressive symptoms is strongest among respondents with less than a college degree, but we find less evidence for heterogeneity by race in this cohort.

在本文中,我们对有关债务和心理健康的文献作出了贡献,并探讨了二十年来无担保债务的积累和偿还模式是否与 50 岁时的抑郁症状有关。通过使用 1979 年全国青年纵向研究队列的数据和群体轨迹模型,我们得出了三个重要发现。首先,我们发现在整个生命过程中,债务轨迹具有很大的异质性。其次,在整个人生过程中持续高负债或在高负债中循环往复的受访者,其抑郁症状明显多于持续低负债的受访者。这些发现对绝对债务和相对债务(债务与收入之比)均适用。第三,我们发现债务与抑郁症状之间的关联在大学学历以下的受访者中最为强烈,但我们在这一群体中发现的种族异质性证据较少。
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引用次数: 0
Revisiting the Cost of Skin Color: Discrimination, Mastery, and Mental Health among Black Adolescents 重新审视肤色成本:黑人青少年的歧视、掌握与心理健康
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/2156869318820092
P. Louie
This article investigates the association between skin tone and mental health in a nationally representative sample of black adolescents. The mediating influences of discrimination and mastery in the skin tone–mental health relationship also are considered. Findings indicate that black adolescents with the darkest skin tone have higher levels of depressive symptoms than their lighter skin tone peers. This is not the case for mental disorder. For disorder, a skin tone difference appeared only between black adolescents with very dark skin tone and black adolescents with medium brown skin tone. Discrimination partially mediates the association between skin tone and depression, while mastery fully mediates this association, indicating that the impact of skin tone on depression operates primarily through lower mastery. Similar patterns were observed for disorder. By extending the discussion of skin tone and health to black adolescents and treating skin tone as a set of categories rather than a linear gradient, I provide new insights into the patterning of skin tone and depression/disorder.
这篇文章调查了肤色和心理健康之间的关系在全国代表性的黑人青少年样本。肤色-心理健康关系中歧视和掌握的中介作用也被考虑。研究结果表明,肤色较深的黑人青少年比肤色较浅的同龄人有更高程度的抑郁症状。这与精神障碍的情况不同。对于障碍,肤色差异只出现在肤色非常深的黑人青少年和肤色中等棕色的黑人青少年之间。歧视在肤色和抑郁之间起部分中介作用,而精通则完全起中介作用,表明肤色对抑郁的影响主要是通过较低的精通作用。在无序状态中也观察到类似的模式。通过将肤色和健康的讨论扩展到黑人青少年,并将肤色视为一组类别而不是线性梯度,我为肤色和抑郁/障碍的模式提供了新的见解。
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引用次数: 24
Changes in City-Level Foreclosure Rates and Home Prices through the Great Recession and Depressive Symptoms among Older Americans 大衰退期间城市止赎率和房价的变化以及美国老年人的抑郁症状
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1177/2156869319895568
Jason Settels
The changing economic fortunes of cities influence mental health. However, the mechanisms through which this occurs are underexplored. I address this gap by investigating the Great Recession of 2007-2009. Using the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project survey (N = 1,341), I study whether rises in cities’ home foreclosure rates and declines in median home prices through the Great Recession increase older persons’ depressive symptoms. I also study possible mediation through household assets declines. I find that increases in cities’ home foreclosure rates and declines in median home prices increase depressive symptoms beyond the effects of personal financial losses. Results show no evidence of mediation through asset loses, suggesting effects through other channels. Supplementary analyses reveal less direct links between changes in city-level unemployment rates and median household incomes and changes in depressive symptoms.
城市不断变化的经济状况影响着心理健康。然而,发生这种情况的机制却没有得到充分的探索。我通过调查2007-2009年的大衰退来解决这一差距。利用国家社会生活、健康和老龄化项目调查(N=1341),我研究了大衰退期间城市房屋止赎率的上升和房价中值的下降是否会增加老年人的抑郁症状。我还研究了通过家庭资产下降进行调解的可能性。我发现,城市房屋止赎率的上升和房价中值的下降除了个人经济损失的影响之外,还会增加抑郁症状。结果显示,没有证据表明通过资产损失进行了调解,表明通过其他渠道进行了调解。补充分析显示,城市失业率和家庭收入中位数的变化与抑郁症状的变化之间的直接联系较少。
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引用次数: 3
Effects of Perceived Public Regard on the Well-Being of Military Veterans 感知公众关注对退伍军人幸福感的影响
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-12-15 DOI: 10.1177/2156869319894372
Fred E. Markowitz, Sara Kintzle, C. Castro, S. Lancaster
Many military veterans face considerable challenges reintegrating into civilian life. Evidence suggests the general public holds conflicting attitudes toward veterans. This study examines how perceived public attitudes play a role in veterans’ mental health and well-being. Drawing from and extending interactionist theories of self-concept, stigma, and mental health recovery, we develop and estimate models for the relationships between internalized public attitudes toward veterans (perceived public regard), military identity–related self-worth (private regard), and well-being (depression, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction). Using survey data from the Chicagoland Veterans Study, we found that perceived public regard is negatively related to depression and positively related to self-efficacy and life satisfaction. The relationship between public regard and self-efficacy is fully mediated by private regard, and a significant part of the relationship between perceived public regard and both depression and life satisfaction is mediated by private regard. The study suggests avenues for extending theory and research related to military identity and public understanding of veterans as well as other groups where there may be conflicting public sentiment toward them.
许多退伍军人在重新融入平民生活方面面临相当大的挑战。有证据表明,公众对退伍军人持有相互矛盾的态度。这项研究考察了公众态度如何在退伍军人的心理健康和幸福感中发挥作用。借鉴并扩展了自我概念、污名和心理健康恢复的互动主义理论,我们开发并估计了内化的公众对退伍军人的态度(感知的公众关注)、军人身份相关的自我价值(私人关注)和幸福感(抑郁、自我效能和生活满意度)之间的关系模型。使用芝加哥退伍军人研究的调查数据,我们发现感知到的公众尊重与抑郁症呈负相关,与自我效能感和生活满意度呈正相关。公众关注与自我效能之间的关系完全由私人关注介导,感知公众关注与抑郁和生活满意度之间的关系很大一部分由私人关注中介导。这项研究为扩展与军人身份和公众对退伍军人以及其他可能存在冲突的公众情绪的群体的理解相关的理论和研究提供了途径。
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引用次数: 6
“Just the Type with whom I Like to Work”: Two Correspondence Field Experiments in an Online Mental Health Care Market “正是我喜欢与之共事的类型”:在线心理健康护理市场的两个对应领域实验
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/2156869318755213
Heather Kugelmass
Two field experiments investigated discrimination in an online mental health care market. The subjects were 908 mental health care providers (MHPs) who advertise for clients on a website through which help-seekers email providers. Both studies measured MHPs’ receptiveness to an ostensibly black or white help-seeker requesting an appointment. In the first study, no racial or gender disparities were observed. However, help-seekers in the second study, who signaled lower education than those in the first, were confronted with significantly lower accessibility overall. Moreover, black help-seekers with low education and high social need (i.e., a caseworker) received significantly fewer positive responses than any other group. Although the two studies are not directly comparable, their results suggest a hierarchy of accessibility: MHPs prefer more educated help-seekers over less educated ones and among those less educated prefer black help-seekers with a caseworker the least. These disparities persist after controlling for MHPs’ sociodemographic and financial characteristics.
两项实地实验调查了在线心理健康护理市场中的歧视现象。受试者是908名心理健康护理提供者,他们在一个网站上为客户做广告,寻求帮助的人通过该网站向提供者发送电子邮件。这两项研究都测量了MHP对表面上是黑人或白人的求助者请求预约的接受程度。在第一项研究中,没有观察到种族或性别差异。然而,第二项研究中的寻求帮助者的受教育程度低于第一项研究,他们面临的总体可及性明显较低。此外,受教育程度低、社会需求高的黑人求助者(即个案工作者)得到的积极回应明显少于任何其他群体。尽管这两项研究没有直接的可比性,但它们的结果表明了可及性的层次:MHP更喜欢受教育程度更高的求助者,而不是受教育程度更低的求助者;在受教育程度较低的人中,他们更喜欢有最少个案工作者的黑人求助者。在控制了MHP的社会人口和财务特征后,这些差异仍然存在。
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引用次数: 10
Author Index 作者索引
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/2156869319885878
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引用次数: 0
Time Deficits with Children: The Link to Parents’ Mental and Physical Health 与孩子相处的时间不足:与父母身心健康的关系
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/2156869318767488
Melissa A. Milkie, Kei Nomaguchi, Scott Schieman
Time spent with children has become a central concern in North American parenting culture. Using the 2011 Canadian Work, Stress, and Health Study (n = 2,007), the authors examine employed parents’ perceptions about having too little time with children and whether these relate to parents’ mental and physical health. The “pernicious stressor” hypothesis posits that the demands of paid work combined with intensive mothering or involved fathering create unique time tensions that act as chronic stressors and that these are associated with poorer health and well-being. Alternatively, the “public face” hypothesis suggests that parents often present themselves as good mothers or fathers through an expressed lack of time with children, but statements are superficial and thus are not related to health. The authors find that about half of employed parents report time shortfalls with children; work hours, schedule control, location of work, and family context are related to perceived time deficits with children. Supporting the pernicious stressor hypothesis, expressed time deficits are associated with distress, anger, and sleep problems, even when adjusting for work and family factors.
与孩子相处的时间已经成为北美育儿文化中的一个核心问题。利用2011年加拿大工作、压力和健康研究(n=2007),作者调查了在职父母对与孩子相处时间过少的看法,以及这些看法是否与父母的身心健康有关。“有害压力源”假说认为,带薪工作的需求与密集的母亲教育或参与的父亲教育相结合,会产生独特的时间紧张,成为慢性压力源,这些压力源与较差的健康和幸福感有关。或者,“公众形象”假说表明,父母往往表现为好母亲或好父亲,因为他们显然没有时间陪伴孩子,但这种说法很肤浅,因此与健康无关。作者发现,大约一半的在职父母报告说,与孩子相处的时间不足;工作时间、日程控制、工作地点和家庭环境与孩子的时间缺陷有关。支持有害压力源假说的是,表达的时间缺陷与痛苦、愤怒和睡眠问题有关,即使在调整工作和家庭因素时也是如此。
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引用次数: 40
Editorial Acknowledgment of Ad Hoc Reviewers 特设评审员的编辑致谢
IF 5.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.1177/2156869319885949
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Society and Mental Health
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