Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1177/2156869318820092
P. Louie
This article investigates the association between skin tone and mental health in a nationally representative sample of black adolescents. The mediating influences of discrimination and mastery in the skin tone–mental health relationship also are considered. Findings indicate that black adolescents with the darkest skin tone have higher levels of depressive symptoms than their lighter skin tone peers. This is not the case for mental disorder. For disorder, a skin tone difference appeared only between black adolescents with very dark skin tone and black adolescents with medium brown skin tone. Discrimination partially mediates the association between skin tone and depression, while mastery fully mediates this association, indicating that the impact of skin tone on depression operates primarily through lower mastery. Similar patterns were observed for disorder. By extending the discussion of skin tone and health to black adolescents and treating skin tone as a set of categories rather than a linear gradient, I provide new insights into the patterning of skin tone and depression/disorder.
{"title":"Revisiting the Cost of Skin Color: Discrimination, Mastery, and Mental Health among Black Adolescents","authors":"P. Louie","doi":"10.1177/2156869318820092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869318820092","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the association between skin tone and mental health in a nationally representative sample of black adolescents. The mediating influences of discrimination and mastery in the skin tone–mental health relationship also are considered. Findings indicate that black adolescents with the darkest skin tone have higher levels of depressive symptoms than their lighter skin tone peers. This is not the case for mental disorder. For disorder, a skin tone difference appeared only between black adolescents with very dark skin tone and black adolescents with medium brown skin tone. Discrimination partially mediates the association between skin tone and depression, while mastery fully mediates this association, indicating that the impact of skin tone on depression operates primarily through lower mastery. Similar patterns were observed for disorder. By extending the discussion of skin tone and health to black adolescents and treating skin tone as a set of categories rather than a linear gradient, I provide new insights into the patterning of skin tone and depression/disorder.","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869318820092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43597446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1177/2156869319895568
Jason Settels
The changing economic fortunes of cities influence mental health. However, the mechanisms through which this occurs are underexplored. I address this gap by investigating the Great Recession of 2007-2009. Using the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project survey (N = 1,341), I study whether rises in cities’ home foreclosure rates and declines in median home prices through the Great Recession increase older persons’ depressive symptoms. I also study possible mediation through household assets declines. I find that increases in cities’ home foreclosure rates and declines in median home prices increase depressive symptoms beyond the effects of personal financial losses. Results show no evidence of mediation through asset loses, suggesting effects through other channels. Supplementary analyses reveal less direct links between changes in city-level unemployment rates and median household incomes and changes in depressive symptoms.
{"title":"Changes in City-Level Foreclosure Rates and Home Prices through the Great Recession and Depressive Symptoms among Older Americans","authors":"Jason Settels","doi":"10.1177/2156869319895568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869319895568","url":null,"abstract":"The changing economic fortunes of cities influence mental health. However, the mechanisms through which this occurs are underexplored. I address this gap by investigating the Great Recession of 2007-2009. Using the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project survey (N = 1,341), I study whether rises in cities’ home foreclosure rates and declines in median home prices through the Great Recession increase older persons’ depressive symptoms. I also study possible mediation through household assets declines. I find that increases in cities’ home foreclosure rates and declines in median home prices increase depressive symptoms beyond the effects of personal financial losses. Results show no evidence of mediation through asset loses, suggesting effects through other channels. Supplementary analyses reveal less direct links between changes in city-level unemployment rates and median household incomes and changes in depressive symptoms.","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"11 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869319895568","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43676875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.1177/2156869319894372
Fred E. Markowitz, Sara Kintzle, C. Castro, S. Lancaster
Many military veterans face considerable challenges reintegrating into civilian life. Evidence suggests the general public holds conflicting attitudes toward veterans. This study examines how perceived public attitudes play a role in veterans’ mental health and well-being. Drawing from and extending interactionist theories of self-concept, stigma, and mental health recovery, we develop and estimate models for the relationships between internalized public attitudes toward veterans (perceived public regard), military identity–related self-worth (private regard), and well-being (depression, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction). Using survey data from the Chicagoland Veterans Study, we found that perceived public regard is negatively related to depression and positively related to self-efficacy and life satisfaction. The relationship between public regard and self-efficacy is fully mediated by private regard, and a significant part of the relationship between perceived public regard and both depression and life satisfaction is mediated by private regard. The study suggests avenues for extending theory and research related to military identity and public understanding of veterans as well as other groups where there may be conflicting public sentiment toward them.
{"title":"Effects of Perceived Public Regard on the Well-Being of Military Veterans","authors":"Fred E. Markowitz, Sara Kintzle, C. Castro, S. Lancaster","doi":"10.1177/2156869319894372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869319894372","url":null,"abstract":"Many military veterans face considerable challenges reintegrating into civilian life. Evidence suggests the general public holds conflicting attitudes toward veterans. This study examines how perceived public attitudes play a role in veterans’ mental health and well-being. Drawing from and extending interactionist theories of self-concept, stigma, and mental health recovery, we develop and estimate models for the relationships between internalized public attitudes toward veterans (perceived public regard), military identity–related self-worth (private regard), and well-being (depression, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction). Using survey data from the Chicagoland Veterans Study, we found that perceived public regard is negatively related to depression and positively related to self-efficacy and life satisfaction. The relationship between public regard and self-efficacy is fully mediated by private regard, and a significant part of the relationship between perceived public regard and both depression and life satisfaction is mediated by private regard. The study suggests avenues for extending theory and research related to military identity and public understanding of veterans as well as other groups where there may be conflicting public sentiment toward them.","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"291 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869319894372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48512283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.1177/2156869318755213
Heather Kugelmass
Two field experiments investigated discrimination in an online mental health care market. The subjects were 908 mental health care providers (MHPs) who advertise for clients on a website through which help-seekers email providers. Both studies measured MHPs’ receptiveness to an ostensibly black or white help-seeker requesting an appointment. In the first study, no racial or gender disparities were observed. However, help-seekers in the second study, who signaled lower education than those in the first, were confronted with significantly lower accessibility overall. Moreover, black help-seekers with low education and high social need (i.e., a caseworker) received significantly fewer positive responses than any other group. Although the two studies are not directly comparable, their results suggest a hierarchy of accessibility: MHPs prefer more educated help-seekers over less educated ones and among those less educated prefer black help-seekers with a caseworker the least. These disparities persist after controlling for MHPs’ sociodemographic and financial characteristics.
{"title":"“Just the Type with whom I Like to Work”: Two Correspondence Field Experiments in an Online Mental Health Care Market","authors":"Heather Kugelmass","doi":"10.1177/2156869318755213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869318755213","url":null,"abstract":"Two field experiments investigated discrimination in an online mental health care market. The subjects were 908 mental health care providers (MHPs) who advertise for clients on a website through which help-seekers email providers. Both studies measured MHPs’ receptiveness to an ostensibly black or white help-seeker requesting an appointment. In the first study, no racial or gender disparities were observed. However, help-seekers in the second study, who signaled lower education than those in the first, were confronted with significantly lower accessibility overall. Moreover, black help-seekers with low education and high social need (i.e., a caseworker) received significantly fewer positive responses than any other group. Although the two studies are not directly comparable, their results suggest a hierarchy of accessibility: MHPs prefer more educated help-seekers over less educated ones and among those less educated prefer black help-seekers with a caseworker the least. These disparities persist after controlling for MHPs’ sociodemographic and financial characteristics.","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"350 - 365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869318755213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44587539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.1177/2156869318767488
Melissa A. Milkie, Kei Nomaguchi, Scott Schieman
Time spent with children has become a central concern in North American parenting culture. Using the 2011 Canadian Work, Stress, and Health Study (n = 2,007), the authors examine employed parents’ perceptions about having too little time with children and whether these relate to parents’ mental and physical health. The “pernicious stressor” hypothesis posits that the demands of paid work combined with intensive mothering or involved fathering create unique time tensions that act as chronic stressors and that these are associated with poorer health and well-being. Alternatively, the “public face” hypothesis suggests that parents often present themselves as good mothers or fathers through an expressed lack of time with children, but statements are superficial and thus are not related to health. The authors find that about half of employed parents report time shortfalls with children; work hours, schedule control, location of work, and family context are related to perceived time deficits with children. Supporting the pernicious stressor hypothesis, expressed time deficits are associated with distress, anger, and sleep problems, even when adjusting for work and family factors.
{"title":"Time Deficits with Children: The Link to Parents’ Mental and Physical Health","authors":"Melissa A. Milkie, Kei Nomaguchi, Scott Schieman","doi":"10.1177/2156869318767488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869318767488","url":null,"abstract":"Time spent with children has become a central concern in North American parenting culture. Using the 2011 Canadian Work, Stress, and Health Study (n = 2,007), the authors examine employed parents’ perceptions about having too little time with children and whether these relate to parents’ mental and physical health. The “pernicious stressor” hypothesis posits that the demands of paid work combined with intensive mothering or involved fathering create unique time tensions that act as chronic stressors and that these are associated with poorer health and well-being. Alternatively, the “public face” hypothesis suggests that parents often present themselves as good mothers or fathers through an expressed lack of time with children, but statements are superficial and thus are not related to health. The authors find that about half of employed parents report time shortfalls with children; work hours, schedule control, location of work, and family context are related to perceived time deficits with children. Supporting the pernicious stressor hypothesis, expressed time deficits are associated with distress, anger, and sleep problems, even when adjusting for work and family factors.","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"277 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869318767488","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44859257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-18DOI: 10.1177/2156869319885949
{"title":"Editorial Acknowledgment of Ad Hoc Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/2156869319885949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869319885949","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"408 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869319885949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42262433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1177/2156869318761126
R. Brown, J. Richman, Myles D. Moody, K. Rospenda
While prior study has linked discrimination experienced as a result of 9/11 with economic insecurity within the context of the Great Recession, the mental health effects of this linkage are unexamined. This study examined whether economic insecurity during the recession era helps account for long-term effects of 9/11-related discrimination on symptoms of depression and anxiety using structural equation modeling techniques to assess data from a national mail survey. Results reveal that the effects of 9/11-related discrimination on symptoms of depression and anxiety substantially derive from its association with recession era economic insecurity. The impact of 9/11-related discrimination on economic insecurity is also significantly greater for black Americans and Latinos compared to non-Hispanic whites and is further linked with more symptoms of depression and anxiety for both groups.
{"title":"The Enduring Mental Health Effects of Post-9/11 Discrimination in the Context of the Great Recession: Race/Ethnic Variation","authors":"R. Brown, J. Richman, Myles D. Moody, K. Rospenda","doi":"10.1177/2156869318761126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869318761126","url":null,"abstract":"While prior study has linked discrimination experienced as a result of 9/11 with economic insecurity within the context of the Great Recession, the mental health effects of this linkage are unexamined. This study examined whether economic insecurity during the recession era helps account for long-term effects of 9/11-related discrimination on symptoms of depression and anxiety using structural equation modeling techniques to assess data from a national mail survey. Results reveal that the effects of 9/11-related discrimination on symptoms of depression and anxiety substantially derive from its association with recession era economic insecurity. The impact of 9/11-related discrimination on economic insecurity is also significantly greater for black Americans and Latinos compared to non-Hispanic whites and is further linked with more symptoms of depression and anxiety for both groups.","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"158 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869318761126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46279000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1177/2156869317750705
Kerry Dobransky
Though most mental health care today occurs in community settings, including primary care, research on mental illness stigma tends to focus on hospitalization or severe mental illness. While stigma negatively impacts the health of those with a range of mental problems, relatively little research examines how providers work with clients to confront and manage mental illness stigma. Calling on 28 interviews with providers in a range of mental health care settings, this paper reveals providers’ roles in managing mental illness stigma. Findings reveal that mental illness stigma is an important factor in treatment across settings and severity and that providers play important roles in common client stigma management strategies. Data show two major sets of strategies of working with clients on stigma: normalization and brokering/buffering. Professional stigma management is a key mental health care practice and needs to be studied as such.
{"title":"Breaking Down Walls, Building Bridges: Professional Stigma Management in Mental Health Care","authors":"Kerry Dobransky","doi":"10.1177/2156869317750705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869317750705","url":null,"abstract":"Though most mental health care today occurs in community settings, including primary care, research on mental illness stigma tends to focus on hospitalization or severe mental illness. While stigma negatively impacts the health of those with a range of mental problems, relatively little research examines how providers work with clients to confront and manage mental illness stigma. Calling on 28 interviews with providers in a range of mental health care settings, this paper reveals providers’ roles in managing mental illness stigma. Findings reveal that mental illness stigma is an important factor in treatment across settings and severity and that providers play important roles in common client stigma management strategies. Data show two major sets of strategies of working with clients on stigma: normalization and brokering/buffering. Professional stigma management is a key mental health care practice and needs to be studied as such.","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"228 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869317750705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46725975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1177/2156869318761125
Jeffrey W. Lucas, J. Phelan
This paper describes an experimental study (N = 184) that investigated influence and social distance consequences of a number of attributes in interpersonal interactions. The attributes included race, education, panic disorder, depression, and schizophrenia. Participants interacted with fictitious partners whom they believed were real and who represented the attributes studied. Participants had opportunities to be influenced by and seek distance from their interaction partners. Results showed that low educational attainment and schizophrenia significantly reduced the influence of partners. Participants sought significantly more social distance from partners who were African American and partners with depression or schizophrenia than other partners. The results are noteworthy in (1) finding that race did not affect influence in the sample but did affect social distance; (2) showing that different mental illness labels led to different reactions, with schizophrenia leading to particularly strong negative reactions; and (3) demonstrating these effects behaviorally in an interactional setting.
{"title":"Influence and Social Distance Consequences across Categories of Race and Mental Illness","authors":"Jeffrey W. Lucas, J. Phelan","doi":"10.1177/2156869318761125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869318761125","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an experimental study (N = 184) that investigated influence and social distance consequences of a number of attributes in interpersonal interactions. The attributes included race, education, panic disorder, depression, and schizophrenia. Participants interacted with fictitious partners whom they believed were real and who represented the attributes studied. Participants had opportunities to be influenced by and seek distance from their interaction partners. Results showed that low educational attainment and schizophrenia significantly reduced the influence of partners. Participants sought significantly more social distance from partners who were African American and partners with depression or schizophrenia than other partners. The results are noteworthy in (1) finding that race did not affect influence in the sample but did affect social distance; (2) showing that different mental illness labels led to different reactions, with schizophrenia leading to particularly strong negative reactions; and (3) demonstrating these effects behaviorally in an interactional setting.","PeriodicalId":46146,"journal":{"name":"Society and Mental Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"143 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2156869318761125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48018215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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