OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN HEALTH CARE最新文献

The Sars-Cov-2 infection disease (COVID-19) causes symptoms during both acute and post-COVID phases. This study assessed exercise capacity and occupational competence of 20 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, at discharge and three months later using the 6-Minute Step Test and Occupational Self-Assessment. Significant differences were found in both exercise capacity and occupational competence scores between discharge and three months later (p < 0.05). However, these measurements were not correlated (p > 0.05). Although patients show improvement after discharge, some symptoms persisted, affecting their exercise, and occupational performance. Further research is needed to explore long-term occupational outcomes of COVID-19 beyond one year.

Following a lecture on sexual health and function, occupational therapy students were surveyed regarding their past sex education and their comfort level with the topic of sex. Students indicated a lack of sexual education received from parents/guardians and a prevalence of fear-based education from formal or informal sources. Results reflected a significant increase in students' perceived comfort level with the topic following the lecture from a provider trained and certified in sexual health. As sexuality falls within the domain of occupational therapy, these results suggest a need for comprehensive sex education taught to students by qualified instructors.

This case-control study examined cognitive function in patients with mild idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), in comparison with controls or moderate-to-severe IPF. Ten mild IPF, 10 moderate-to-severe IPF, and 16 controls were enrolled, and performance on seven different cognitive function tests was compared in each group. IPF showed decreased cognitive function compared to controls in verbal memory, cognitive flexibility and information processing speed. As the scores were lower even in mild IPF, this study suggests that cognitive function declines early in the disease process of IPF. Thus, occupational therapy for IPF should require an assessment of cognitive function and assistance appropriate to the client's function.

Occupational therapy can improve physical activity, anxiety, and goal achievement after high tibial osteotomy. However, the role of psychological factors in physical activity and goal attainment after high tibial osteotomy is unclear. We examined how psychological factors mediate the relationship between physical activity and goal achievement. Participants included 55 individuals post-high tibial osteotomy. Physical activity and performance and satisfaction in everyday tasks had a significant indirect effect on the anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression mediated the physical activity-goal attainment relationship. Thus, occupational therapy practices focusing on anxiety and depression may be important in post- high tibial osteotomy rehabilitation.

The Health Enhancement Lifestyle Profile (HELP) was an assessment instrument for health-related behaviors and was translated into Japanese (HELP-J) using subjective rating scales. This study investigated the internal validity of the HELP-J using a Rasch analysis. Snowball and purposive sampling were used for data collection. The data obtained from the 109 respondents were subjected to Rasch analysis to assess their internal validity. The rating scale analysis supported a 3-category scale; five of the seven subscales showed unidimensionality. Thus, this study presents essential information on the possibility of translating the original HELP into Japanese and converting it into a unidimensional scale.

This study aimed to gain knowledge about the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between learning concepts and approaches to studying among occupational therapy students. A repeated cross-sectional design was combined with a longitudinal study design. Self-report questionnaires assessed sociodemographic variables, learning concepts, and approaches to studying (deep/strategic/surface). Linear regression analyses (n ranging between 109 and 193 in the analyses) showed that higher transforming concept ratings were consistently associated with higher ratings on the deep study approach, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Higher reproducing concept ratings were positively associated with higher strategic approach ratings in the second and third study years. In view of the results, students' understanding of what learning is impacts on their study attitudes and behaviors, which in turn is likely to influence learning outcomes and academic performance.

Underrepresented populations prefer and report better health experiences from healthcare practitioners from the same background and question how they will be understood when a healthcare practitioner's racial or ethnic background differs from their own. Thus, there is a need to align graduate healthcare programs with the heterogeneity of the population to support equitable health outcomes. This article describes how an occupational therapy doctoral capstone supported occupational therapy Vision 2025 pillars of equity, inclusion, and diversity and aligned with the university's goals at a small University in southeastern Pennsylvania.

The tenets of servant leadership are in alignment with those driving occupational therapy practice, though little research exists to quantify this fit. This study presents a preliminary examination of servant leadership utilization by occupational therapy academic leaders. A quantitative survey-based design collected demographic information and scores on the Servant Leadership Behavior Scale. There were 370 responses which met inclusionary criteria. The findings provided initial support for the intentional use of a servant leadership model by leaders in the profession, and points to future research on the subject to further strengthen the findings presented.

Knowledge of evidence-based-education principles is essential for occupational therapy academics and fieldwork supervisors to ensure the teaching and learning methods and strategies being used are informed, targeted, cost effective, contemporary, and worthwhile. This paper defines evidence-based-education is and how it can be applied in the context of occupational therapy student academic and fieldwork education. The factors that impact occupational therapy evidence-based education in the university sector are introduced which have the potential to ensure that students obtain a quality, meaningful, value-for-money, and high impact education in both academic and fieldwork environments. It is recommended that university faculty and fieldwork supervisors use, create, support, and disseminate evidence-based-education related findings with continued debate and investigation are recommended.

Climate change may be the most pressing existential threat to human health and wellbeing in the twenty first century. In this paper, the authors provide context and critique on barriers to climate action in the United States and other high-income countries, including the profit-driven approach to health, consumerism, and the climate change countermovement. The reciprocal connections between occupational engagement and climate damage are examined from a lens of collective and irresponsible occupations and subsequent accountability. The authors propose the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals as a basis for recommendations occupational therapy practitioners could implement within the priorities of adaptation, mitigation, and resilience.