OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN HEALTH CARE最新文献

This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of questionnaires related to cerebral visual impairment (CVI) in school-age children with cerebral palsy (CP). Additionally, it proposes an application process based on motor functionality for occupational therapists. A total of 288 children with CP were recruited for the study and administered the CVI Motor Questionnaire (CVI-MQ). The children's daily visual performance was assessed using the CVI Inventory and the Functional Vision Questionnaire (FVQ) considering the children's ambulatory status. The FVQ and the two factors extracted from the CVI Inventory significantly predicted visual functioning. Specific questionnaires related to CVI, applied with gross motor function in mind, can be valuable tools for occupational therapists to assess daily visual performance.

This study investigated the impact of a workshop in reducing unconscious bias in admissions committee members of an occupational therapy program to determine if workshop participation increased the number of underrepresented students in the program. A convenience sample of 50 committee members was used. A Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test indicated a significant increase in the post-test survey question scores. A chi-square test of independence revealed a significant increase in the number of students in the program from underrepresented groups. These results suggest that an online workshop can reduce perceived bias and increase diversity in an occupational therapy program.

This retrospective study examined the predictive ability of cognitive and non-cognitive factors, including grit, on first attempt pass rate on the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy exam. A convenience sample of 226 graduates from six cohorts of one occupational therapy program was used. Binary logistic regression revealed that grit was not a significant predictor. Program grade point average and verbal and quantitative Graduate Record Examination scores were independent predictors of passing on the first attempt. These findings can be used to identify at-risk students who could benefit from support to increase student success on the licensure exam.

Occupational therapists address physical environments, which can improve outcomes for youth with asthma, a prevalent chronic childhood illness. This study examines pediatric occupational therapists' perceptions of their role supporting youth with asthma, perceived usability of an occupational therapy asthma home assessment, and the impact of asthma on participation. A cross-sectional exploratory survey of 171 participants found that despite lack of tools for asthma trigger reduction assessment and intervention, therapists believe it is within their scope of practice and that they would benefit from an occupational therapy-based asthma tool. Occupational therapists should be members of multidisciplinary asthma teams, and assess and address environmental triggers.

Feeding disorders represent a common problem that affects children's health and family routines and since information about non-pharmacological interventions is limited, a scoping review was conducted to identify and describe non-pharmacological interventions for pediatric feeding disorders. This review identified 74 studies. Behavioral strategies were the most common type of intervention. Most studies combined two or more different types of interventions, used an interdisciplinary approach was frequently observed and the profession with the highest frequency of occurrence is occupational therapy. Future research could focus on investigating a greater number of studies with higher levels of evidence and analyzing intervention effectiveness.

This case study shares the knowledge gained from working with an individual having lived experience of a health condition contributing toward an occupational therapy education module through the reflections of an occupational therapy academic and an individual with lived experience working in a university. The primary goal is to establish an empirical evidence base for involvement of people with lived experience in occupational therapy education and to encourage other educators and individuals with lived experience to follow this model of teaching and learning in their curricula. Based on the belief that teaching and learning through co-production creates a 'triangle' of benefit for individuals with lived experience, students and academics. Individuals with lived experience are seen as powerful, independent, and strong despite their medical condition. Students learn more about important aspects of service provision beyond direct medical and therapy knowledge and academics learn about and model this new way of working. The aim is to promote development of co-production learning activities in occupational therapy education.

As the occupational therapy profession is rooted in Western ideals, it may encounter complexities in culturally traditional settings like Palestine, especially for adults. This study reveals the challenges faced by occupational therapists in Palestine. A phenomenological qualitative approach was used, interviewing six experienced female therapists using semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling ensured a diverse participant selection. Thematic analysis revealed several key themes, such as the continuous adaptation to Western practices to fit the Palestinian context, the value of interdependence, and the unique life balance. Results show that cultural and gender norms significantly shape occupational therapy practices in Palestine. The discussion emphasizes the theoretical necessity for cultural sensitivity in occupational therapy, advocating alignment with local values and addressing resource limitations for effective service delivery.

This scoping review aimed to identify and summarize computerized training tools used in vision rehabilitation to address visual field loss and visual scanning. We searched three databases: CINAHL, Medline, and Scopus. Using Covidence, two independent reviewers screened 839 articles and identified six papers. Five addressed visual field deficits and one involved visual scanning. We found that computerized training tools may be a viable option for screening and compensating for visual field deficits and visual scanning. Given the limited findings, future studies, especially in the field of visual scanning, should focus on the use of computerized tools.

The population of individuals with lower limb amputations which impact daily functioning and participation is growing. These patients have complex rehabilitation needs necessitating interdisciplinary care, however, clinical practice guidelines for occupational therapy are lacking. Occupational therapy offers a unique skill set to support ongoing rehabilitation needs and participation, through a focus on cognition and mental health, activity, accessibility and safety, and pain treatment. This paper introduces a clinical commentary to guide lower limb amputation care and future research to more clearly define best practices related to the role of the occupational therapy in the care of this population.

The Multiple Errands Test (MET) is a tool for assessing the effects of executive function impairments, common among those with acquired brain injury, on everyday life function. The objective of this study was to further establish inter-rater reliability and explore known group validity of the Big-Store MET in distinguishing between adults with an ABI and matched healthy controls, and to explore the effects of environmental factors on Big-Store MET performance. Participants (n = 5 community-dwelling people with ABI, n = 4 healthy controls) were administered the Big Store MET by one of two trained raters. Inter-rater reliability was examined using intra-class correlation coefficients. Known-group validity was examined using Cohen's d effect size, and the effects of environmental load and familiarity on performance were examined descriptively. The results showed the inter-rater reliability was very high for all MET performance scores (ICC =0.74-1.00). Effect sizes for known group validity were moderate to large (d = 0.48-1.06) on five of six performance scores on the MET. Descriptively, control participants performance was better with higher store familiarity and lower environmental load whereas the opposite was found for participants with ABI. This research suggests the Big-Store MET may be a clinically useful tool and highlights the importance of further development.