Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Development of dynamic pupillometry apparatus to quantify pupil light reflex for assessment of autonomic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"A.V Siva kumar ,&nbsp;R Padmavathi ,&nbsp;Mahadevan Shriraam ,&nbsp;K.N Maruthy ,&nbsp;K Mahesh Kumar ,&nbsp;B Sowjanya","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes is a chronic non-communicable disease leading to various microvascular and macrovascular complications. Autonomic dysfunction is one of the early-onset complications of diabetes which goes undetected. The quantitative Pupillary light reflex (PLR) is a sensitive indicator of autonomic failure, which helps to identify these high-risk patients to reduce morbidity, mortality, and economic burden on diabetic care.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To record and determine altered pupil light reflex variables for evaluating autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients.</div></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><div>The study was conducted during 2018–2020. 400 participants were recruited, divided into the diabetic group (n = 200), and healthy volunteer group (n = 200). All participants were evaluated for autonomic status evaluation using Pupillary light reflex and Heart rate variability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All PLR variables are highly significant between the diabetic and healthy volunteer participants including parasympathetic variables (R.L, ACA, MPD, and MCV), sympathetic variables BPD, ADA, RPD, and MDV). All the HRV parameters were within the range of normative data from the Taskforce (1996). The RMSSD, NN50, and pNN50 % significantly differed between the two groups, whereas all frequency domain parameters showed statistically similar results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Autonomic dysfunction in diabetic patients evaluated by PLR, especially parasympathetic dysfunction was detected, which delays the constriction phase and its variables. It is also evidenced by reduced SDNN, RMSSD, and NN50. However, the frequency domain has not shown any variation between the two groups. Thus, the evaluation of PLR aids in the early detection of autonomic dysfunction and the extent of parasympathetic and sympathetic contribution to inadequate PLR response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What happened to the distribution of the blood pressure and random blood glucose of the Indian adult population between 2015 and 2021?","authors":"Vignesh Loganathan,&nbsp;Ismail Zabiulla Rifai,&nbsp;Sitanshu Sekhar Kar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the change in mean and shape of the distributions of blood pressure (BP) and random blood glucose (RBG) of adults aged 15–49 between two consecutive rounds of the National Family Health Survey in India.</div></div><div><h3>Study design and methods</h3><div>We analyzed the data of adults aged 15–49 from the household datasets of NFHS 4 (2015–16) and 5 (2019–21). Both surveys used identical two-stage sampling and methodology. Three BP readings with 5-min intervals using a digital sphygmomanometer and FreeStyle Optium H (NFHS-4) or Accu-Chek Performa glucometer (NFHS-5) were used for RBG testing. Descriptive statistics and absolute change for BP and RBG were estimated, and mean-difference plots (m-d plots) were used to compare the distributions in the two surveys.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We analyzed data of 1,207,535 and 767,454 adults aged 15–49 years for blood pressure and 1,295,357 and 799,833 for the glucose distribution from NFHS 5 and NFHS 4, respectively. The mean increase between the two surveys in SBP, DBP and RBG was 4.23 mmHg (95 % C.I. 4.20–4.28), 1.95 mmHg (95 % C.I. 1.92–1.98), and 7.43 mg/dL (95 % C.I. 7.35–7.51), respectively. The m-d plots showed a rightward shift in the distribution of SBP, DBP, and RBG in NFHS 5 compared to NFHS 4.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The increasing trend of mean blood pressure and blood glucose and the rightward shift of the blood pressure and blood glucose distributions calls for prioritizing the national and state-level strategies for preventing NCDs, with increased focus on implementing population-level interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of sonographic score and Bishop score in the prediction of successful labor induction in term patients: A prospective observational study","authors":"Udhaya Preethi R,&nbsp;Saswati Tripathy","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The cervical favorability for IOL is assessed by scoring systems. There are various scoring systems, including the Field system, Lange pelvic scoring system, and Bishop scoring system, which was then modified and termed ‘The modified Bishop scoring system, and it is the most widely used one. This scoring is done based on the assessment of the station of the fetal presenting part, consistency, position, dilatation, and length of the maternal cervix. Owing to its subjective assessment, there is a high chance of inter-observer variability. Therefore, radiological methods such as <em>Trans</em>-vaginal ultrasonogram (TVS) and <em>Trans</em>-abdominal ultrasonogram (TAS) are preferred over manual methods. This study aims to determine the role of assessment of the cervix by Modified Bishop Score and assessment of the cervical parameters by Transvaginal ultrasonogram (TVS) and compare them in predicting the outcome of labour.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This prospective observational study was conducted by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary care hospital located at Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, in a term singleton pregnancy woman, and the Study period was from January 2023 to July 2023 for six months. In total, one hundred fifty pregnant women were recruited. The study inclusion criteria were singleton pregnant women with intact amniotic membranes and a period of gestation &gt;37 weeks with cephalic presentation. The findings of TVS were blinded to the person who measured cervical parameters for the bishop score. IOL done for both favorable and unfavorable cervix according to the guidelines given by FOGSI-ICOG (2018) for IOL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) for the TVS score was 0.705(95 % CI: 0.616–0.794) against the standard bishop score. TVS Score≥6.5 cm is the best cut-off value to ascertain successful IOL with a sensitivity of 99 % and specificity of 94 % among singleton pregnancy women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This prospective observational study deduced that TVS scoring is a valid alternative tool against the standard bishop score in predicting cervical favorability for IOL among singleton pregnant women with plausible sensitivity and specificity. TVS scoring for assessing cervical favorability acts as an outstanding marker in predicting the IOL with a cut-off value of ≥6.5 cm in singleton pregnant women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-rated health of the older adults in the northeastern region of India: Extent and determinants","authors":"Rupon Basumatary ,&nbsp;Simi Kalita ,&nbsp;Himakshi Bharadwaj","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To analyse older adults’ self-rated health (SRH) in the northeastern region (NER) of India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study uses data from the 75th round survey on <em>Household Social Consumption: Health</em> conducted by the National Statistical Office (NSO), India, during July 2017–June 2018. The sample for the present consists of 3988 persons aged 60 years and above. Binary logistic regression procedure has been used to identify the determinants of SRH of the older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More than three-fourth of the older adults in the region perceive their health as ‘good’ or ‘very good’. Older adults' SRH varies with their demographic and socioeconomic profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In the context of the NER, creating employment opportunities for the older adults may be of policy importance in the light of the fact that the majority of them report good or very good health but remain dependent on others financially – partially or fully. Achieving ‘healthy ageing’, as defined by WHO, nevertheless requires measures that goes beyond financial independence of the older adults to support their mental health and social wellbeing as well. Future studies may focus on older adults' objective health, health risks protection and their labor market participation in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arabic validation and cross-cultural adaptation of climate anxiety scale","authors":"Shymaa Mamdouh Mohamed Abdu ,&nbsp;Assem Gebreal ,&nbsp;Safar Abadi Alsaleem ,&nbsp;Moath S. Aljohani ,&nbsp;Suzan Abdel-Rahman ,&nbsp;Mohamed Fakhry Hussein ,&nbsp;Nada Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Iffat Elbarazi ,&nbsp;Samah Hussein ,&nbsp;Omar Shamma ,&nbsp;Ahmed Elsayed said Noureldin ,&nbsp;Ramy Mohamed Ghazy","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Climate change is an enduring global phenomenon that describes a long-lasting effect of change in weather and temperature of the earth. This study aimed to validate an Arabic version of the Climate Anxiety Scale (ACAS) to assess the anxiety associated with climate change.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted using both online via Google Forms and face-to-face via hard copies, in five Arab countries, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, Saudia Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates). The internal consistency of the scale was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) conducted over principal component analysis assessed the scale dimensionality. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to investigate the EFA hypothesis of ACAS on anxiety about climate change.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 350 participants, 54.9 % were female, 77.7% lived in urban areas, 15.4% were from North Africa, 46.6 % were from Arab Gulf countries, and 38.0 % were from Bilad Al-Sham. Nearly two-thirds (62.3%) were single, 72.3% had a university degree, 94.9% were aware of climate change, 38.3 % participated in environmental protection programs, and 62.3% reported climate-related anxiety. The item content validity index (CVI) was 0.82–1.00, and the scale CVI (S-CVI) was 0.95. Overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.925 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.902–0.940]. The Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) test was 0.93, and Bartlett's test was significant (χ2 = 2762.6 p &lt; 0.001). Bifactor model indices showed high explained common variance (ECV) (0.78), ωH (0.85), relative omega (0.91), H index (0.93), and factor determinacy (FD) (0.96) for the general factor. The general factor explained 78% of the common variance, whereas the group factors shared 22.0%. Model reliability coefficient omega (omega/omega S) for general factor, functional domain, and cognitive domain were 0.94, 0.92, and 0.89, respectively, suggesting a satisfactory fit threshold.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The ACAS tool is valid and reliable for assessing anxiety-related climate change among the Arab Population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of HIV testing among men in India: Insights from NFHS-5","authors":"Ajay Dutta,&nbsp;Ajay Murmu","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>India, despite its traditional societal values, faces a significant public health challenge with its high prevalence of HIV/AIDS, ranking third globally in the number of people living with HIV. Therefore, HIV testing serves as a critical entry point for HIV prevention, treatment and care, yet testing rates among men remain low. The study aims to explore the prevalence of HIV testing among men aged 15–54 in India and identify the key determinants influencing testing behaviour.</div></div><div><h3>Data &amp; method</h3><div>Data were drawn from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019–21. The analysis was carried out with 58,465 samples. The outcome variable was ever tested for HIV among men aged 15–54. Independent variables include a wide range of socio-economic, demographic, and behavioural factors. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The study estimated that 12.6 % of men aged 29 and above, 12.4 % of married men, 15.9 % of men who had higher education, 17.6 % of men who had paid for sex, and 25 % of men engaging in high-risk sexual behaviour have been tested for HIV. Results from the binary logistic regression indicate that several factors were significantly associated with HIV testing, including age, marital status, religion, place of residence, educational level, wealth quintile, occupation, alcohol consumption, media exposure, paid for sex in the last 12 months, sexual intercourse with others, genital discharge, risky sexual behaviour, and health insurance coverage were significantly associated with HIV testing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest a tailored approach to formulate effective policies considering HIV testing among men and increasing awareness of the negative implications of not getting an HIV test.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101855"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are the mothers admitted for childbirth in a tertiary care hospital satisfied with the health care services? A mixed methods study from Mangaluru, Karnataka state, India","authors":"S. Vineetha ,&nbsp;Mubeena Haleema ,&nbsp;Abhay S. Nirgude","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Patient Satisfaction is the strongest determinant of hospital functioning and is an indirect or proxy indicator of the quality of doctor.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The study aims to assess maternal satisfaction with healthcare services during childbirth during hospital stay, explore factors influencing satisfaction, and assess the perceptions of both mothers and their bystanders regarding the healthcare services provided.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and material</h3><div>It is a sequential explanatory mixed method study conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department in a tertiary college hospital among 291 pregnant women admitted for childbirth. Quantitative data obtained using expert validated questionnaire was entered in an Excel sheet and analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 23. Descriptive statistics were reported as median (IQR) for continuous variables and as frequencies and proportions for categorical variables. Normality was tested using Shapiro Wilk test and to test significant difference in satisfaction scores across the variables Mann Whitney <em>U</em> test was used. For the qualitative phase, in-depth interview was conducted to explore factors determining patient satisfaction in healthcare services.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Quantitative results showed that mothers were satisfied with the admission process, support given during breastfeeding, immunization and vaccination, health education and very satisfied with the privacy, doctors and nursing services, overall cleanliness. Qualitative results revealed the admission process was time consuming, overall cleanliness was poor, guidance on breast feeding and immunization and service provided by doctors and nurses are good.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study concluded that while mothers were generally satisfied with healthcare services, particularly with support during breastfeeding, immunization, and doctor and nursing services, there were concerns about the admission process and overall cleanliness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101839"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azithromycin use before and during the COVID- 19 pandemic and the impact of implementing national evidence-based guidelines in Qatar","authors":"Adeel A. Butt ,&nbsp;Sherin Shams ,&nbsp;Hanaa Nafady-Hego ,&nbsp;Zain Bhutta ,&nbsp;Atika Jabeen ,&nbsp;Aimon B. Malik ,&nbsp;Anil G. Thomas ,&nbsp;Samah Saleem ,&nbsp;Aftab M. Azad ,&nbsp;Muna Almaslamani ,&nbsp;Abdullatif Alkhal ,&nbsp;Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Initial small, uncontrolled studies suggested a beneficial effect of azithromycin in individuals with COVID-19. However, subsequent studies have not confirmed its effectiveness. We assessed azithromycin usage before and during the pandemic in a national healthcare system in Qatar and the impact of implementation of evidence-based guidelines upon prescription rates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using electronic medical records, we retrieved all azithromycin prescriptions from 2019 to 2022 at the public healthcare system in Qatar which provides over 85 % of healthcare in Qatar. Azithromycin prescription numbers and rates/100,000 population were calculated and compared over time. A course was defined as any azithromycin prescription for ≥5 days with no gap of &gt;10 days. Courses were considered COVID-19-related if prescribed −3 to +10 days post positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Prescription rates before and after the pandemic, and before and after evidence-based guidelines implementation (in June 2020) were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the study period, 203,806 azithromycin courses were prescribed to 166,062 individuals. Overall number of courses increased in the first 2 quarters of 2020 (average 12,857/quarter in 2019 to average of 19,297 in Q1-Q2 of 2020) and then dropped to 9881/quarter over the next 6 quarters. COVID-19 related azithromycin courses peaked in.</div><div>2020-Q2 (13,691) and dropped to 2836 for 2020-Q3, 1410 for 2020-Q4; 5465 for 2021-Q1, and 4288 for 2021-Q2. Stringent COVID-19 guidelines in June 2020 rapidly reduced azithromycin usage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Azithromycin prescriptions increased immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic, but rapidly declined immediately after implementing evidence-based guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of fruit and vegetables intakes with blood HDL cholesterol in high consumption regions of Burkina Faso","authors":"Jeoffray Diendéré ,&nbsp;Abdoulaye Hama Diallo ,&nbsp;Cheick Oumar Yaro ,&nbsp;Jean Kaboré ,&nbsp;Jérôme Winbetouréfâ Somé ,&nbsp;Augustin Nawidimbasba Zeba","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To report independently the sociodemographic and lifestyle parameters, the associations of fruit and vegetables intakes with blood HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), in men and women living in high consumption areas of Burkina Faso.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis using data from the first WHO Stepwise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS) survey conducted in Burkina Faso. The “Centre-Ouest” and “Nord” regions of Burkina Faso are identified as the areas of high fruit and vegetables consumption. Data from 602 adults living in these two regions and surveyed with the STEPS method were used. Descriptive and association analyses were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with a typical daily intake of at least two portions were 20.4 % (14.7 % in men, vs 25.6 % in women, p = 0.001) for fruit and 30.1 % (25.9 % in men, vs 33.9 % in women, p = 0.03) for vegetables. Prevalence of low blood HDL-C was 72.6 % (71.3 % in men and 73.7 % in women, p = 0.51). In logistic regressions, the daily intake of at least two portions of fruits but not at least two portions of vegetables, was associated with low odds for low HDL-C among men (aOR = 0.34, CI95 %: 0.17–0.69) and women (aOR = 0.35, CI95 %: 0.18–0.71). Similarly, the daily intake of at least three portions of fruits but not vegetables was significantly associated with low odds for low HDL-C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Blood HDL-C levels could be improved by eating at least two or three portions of fruit, which appears to be an achievable goal in study area. Such health benefits should not be ignored and missed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101859"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Quality of life of high risk pregnant mothers residing in a rural community in Karnataka - A cross sectional study”","authors":"Meera Sasidharan,&nbsp;Raghavendra Huchchannavar,&nbsp;Nanjesh Kumar S,&nbsp;Saniya Rafeek,&nbsp;Pawan Kumar B,&nbsp;Preetham Shenoy M","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High-risk pregnancies are defined by complications that increase the likelihood of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. In India, over 30 % of pregnancies are classified as high risk, contributing significantly to perinatal mortality if not managed appropriately. Pregnancy involves various physiological, physical, and emotional changes that can affect a woman's perception of her quality of life. In highrisk pregnancies, these natural changes may lead to more significant adverse outcomes for mother and the fetus.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>1. To identify the risk factors associated with high risk pregnancy. 2. To assess the quality of life among pregnant ladies attending attending a Taluk hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross sectional study was conducted at the obstetric OPD in Karkala taluk hospital. At an absolute error of 8 % and 95 % confidence interval the minimum sample size was calculated to be 80. Through consecutive sampling,the study subjects were selected. Dutta and Das scoring and WHO QoL BREF questionnaire were used to identify the high risk pregnancy and QOL of the pregnant ladies respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the pregnant ladies who participated,18.8 % were high risk. The most common risk factors identified among them were previous abortion, caesarean section, anemia and bleeding PV There was significant association between quality of life and high risk pregnancy. 93.8 % of high risk pregnant ladies,66.7 % of moderate risk pregnant ladies and 12%of low risk pregnant ladies were having poor quality of life respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High-risk pregnancies require specialized attention and comprehensive screening of physical, psychological, social, and environmental factors domains of quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101861"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}