Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Seroprevalence of strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis among hypereosinophilic patients seeking care at diagnostic centers in Tehran, Iran","authors":"Zohre Fakhrieh- Kashan ,&nbsp;Eshrat Beigom Kia ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Haghi Ashtiani ,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Dabaghi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Sari ,&nbsp;Enayat Darabi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hypereosinophilia is characterized by an increase in eosinophil levels above the normal range. Secondary hypereosinophilia is frequently seen in helminth infections and allergic conditions. If not diagnosed and managed promptly, eosinophilia can result in various complications impacting health. The aim of this study was to explore the seroprevalence of <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> and <em>Toxocara</em> spp. among hypereosinophilic patients undergoing evaluation at selected diagnostic centers in Tehran<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive questionnaire was completed, and a blood sample was collected from each participant. The seropositivity of helminth infections was ascertained through indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) employing commercially procured kits for discerning anti-<em>S. stercoralis</em> and anti-<em>Toxocara</em> spp. IgG antibodies. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 135 participants in this study, 61 (45.2 %) were male and 74 (54.8 %) were female. The seropositivity rates for strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis were found to be 9.6 % and 0.74 %, respectively. Among the various underlying medical conditions observed in the participants, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) was the most prevalent, and it showed a significant association with seropositivity for strongyloidiasis (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The seropositivity for <em>S. stercoralis</em> was higher than that for <em>Toxocara</em> spp.. The significant association between seropositivity for <em>S. stercoralis</em> and diabetes underscores the importance of conducting community-based studies and implementing screening initiatives targeting high-risk populations to assess the seroprevalence of strongyloidiasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young onset coronary artery disease in India: A descriptive observational study","authors":"Manjit Singh,&nbsp;Ratheesh Kumar,&nbsp;Vishal Kansal,&nbsp;Anuj Singhal,&nbsp;Amul Kapoor,&nbsp;Gurpreet Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101851","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in less than 45 years of age is termed as young onset CAD. There is an alarming increase in young-onset CAD in Low- and Middle-Income countries, especially in the Asian Subcontinent.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim and objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study aimed to estimate the clinical profile, risk factors, and post-angiography outcome at six months among young-onset CAD patients.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A prospective study was conducted at a national, tertiary care, government referral hospital in North India, from October 2022 to November 2023. All patients undergoing coronary angiography following CAD and less than 45 years of age were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Data was collected using a structured pilot-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of medical records and analysed using R version 4.2.3.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study included 55 patients with a mean age of 39.2 years and majority being males. The common risk factors observed were smoking (36.3 %) and dyslipidemia (9 %). Most of the participants presented with dyspnea and chest pain together (30.9 %). The NYHA class at presentation was class III (73 %). 5.5 % had thrombocytopenia, transaminitis was in 14.5 % and 36.7 % had dyslipidemia. CRP was increased in 52.7 % and abnormal cardiac markers in (63.6 %). The ECG showed ST depression, T Inversion (51 %), ST elevation (29 %), left ventricle hypertrophy in 3.7 %. Chest x-ray showed cardiomegaly in 16.4 %. Coronary angiography showed that among total patients 60 % had single vessel disease, 21.8 % had double vessel disease and 18.2 % had triple vessel disease. Further 32.7 % were diagnosed NSTEMI, 29.1 % with STEMI and 16.4 % each had stable and unstable angina respectively. 20 % had EF 45%–55 %, 11 % had EF &lt;45 %+ hypokinesia, 5.5 % had EF &lt;45 %, 3.6 % each had EF 45%–55 %+ hypokinesia and EF &lt;45 %+ Hypokinesia + Valvular insufficiency respectively and 1.8 % had EF &lt;45 %+ valvular insufficiency. Angioplasty was done in 81.8 % and CABG in 14.5 %. At the 6th month of follow up NYHA grading was class I in 56.6 % and class II in 37.8 % and class III in 5.6 %. The mortality rate was 3.6 % (2 deaths) because of cardiac failure.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study concludes that six month survival for the diagnosis was 96.4 %. Modifiable risk factors (such as smoking, dyslipidemia, obesity) and non modifiable risk factors (sex and family history) both are directly associated with early Coronary artery disease. Majority of the patients presented with chest pain and dyspnea. The common biochemical derangements found were elevated CRP and cardiac biomarkers. In non invasive tests ECG and 2D Echocardiography were found to be good tools for evaluation of CAD as ECG changes such as ST elevation, T wave inversion, ST depression etc and 2D Echo findings like Reduced ejection fraction and regional wall motion abnormali","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101851"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of malignant neoplasms and organizational aspects of cancer care in the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"Bekzat M. Turmakhanbetov ,&nbsp;Gulnara Zh Tokmurzieva ,&nbsp;Zakira A. Kerimbaeva ,&nbsp;Reeti Debnath ,&nbsp;Maral G. Nogaeva ,&nbsp;Roza Ongalova ,&nbsp;Aigul Tazhiyeva","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the incidence and mortality rates of malignant neoplasms in Kazakhstan in 2022 and to analyze the organizational aspects of cancer care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 33,177 patients with malignant neoplasms registered in oncological institutions in 2022 were analyzed. The study focused on treatment completion rates and the distribution of treatment modalities, including surgical, radiation, medicinal, combined, comprehensive, and chemo-radiation therapies. Comparative analysis with international data was conducted to assess the effectiveness and adherence to global oncological standards.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed that 55.2 % of patients completed specialized treatment, with complex treatment being the most common modality (94.3 %). High completion rates were observed in breast cancer (65.9 %) and cervical cancer (68.8 %), reflecting the effectiveness of early detection and multidisciplinary approaches. However, lower completion rates were noted in liver cancer (26.2 %) and leukemia (23.0 %), highlighting the need for improved diagnostic and treatment strategies. Comparative international data indicated similar trends, with countries like the USA, UK, Japan, and Australia demonstrating the effectiveness of multidisciplinary and comprehensive treatment approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in treating malignant neoplasms, with Kazakhstan's practices largely aligning with international standards. Nevertheless, there is a need to enhance early diagnosis and treatment completion rates for specific cancers such as liver cancer and leukemia. Strengthening screening programs, improving access to modern treatments, and integrating international best practices can further improve patient outcomes in Kazakhstan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass drug administration to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: A population-based coverage and compliance study in Eastern India","authors":"Shubhashisha Mohanty ,&nbsp;Birasen Behera ,&nbsp;Abhinav Sinha ,&nbsp;Madhusmita Bal ,&nbsp;Sanghamitra Pati ,&nbsp;Prakash Kumar Sahoo","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) like lymphatic filariasis (LF) affect over 1 billion people globally, with India being a significant hotspot. Challenges persist despite global and national efforts, including the World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) and India's National Filaria Control Programme. We conducted a study to assess the coverage and compliance of mass drug administartion (MDA) to improve LF elimination efforts in the Khordha district of Odisha, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A sample of 2281 participants, including both males and females aged two years or older, was chosen through multistage stratified sampling. These participants were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Collected data regarding socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of filariasis, coverage and consumption of MDA drugs were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine coverage and compliance, with results presented alongside a 95 % confidence interval.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our study, coverage and compliance rates were 86.36 % and 91.12 % for Albendazole, while 84.12 % and 90.62 % for DEC respectively. Fear of side effects was the reason for most of the participants' non-consumption. The coverage rate was low in urban areas because of gated communities and a lack of confidence in drug distributors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This recent round of MDA was effective but still fear of side effects and lack of awareness were major challenges for the compliance of MDA drugs that need to be addressed for the complete eradication of LF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID among infected students and staff in Chiang Mai university, Chiang Mai, Thailand","authors":"Ekachai Jaiprom ,&nbsp;Parichat Ong-artborirak ,&nbsp;Atchara Sriplakich ,&nbsp;Sineenart Chautrakarn","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although COVID-19 became endemic status in September 2022, studies and monitoring of individuals infected with COVID-19 have revealed that some develop Long COVID. This study aims to describe the prevalence of Long COVID and related factors among COVID-19-infected university students and staff in Thailand.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used a retrospective cohort design to investigate Long COVID and its associated factors among university students and staff members who had previously tested positive for COVID-19 and reported their results to the University COVID-19 Reporting system between February 21 and June 30, 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicated that the prevalence of Long COVID was 51.9 %. Among them 92.7 % had multiple symptoms. The most common symptoms were fatigue (65.8 %), easy tiredness (59.2 %), and easy tiredness after physical activity (44.7 %). Multiple logistic regression showed that factors associated with Long COVID were female compared to male (aOR = 2.228, 95 % CI = 1.743–2.849), and aged 20–29 years compared to being under 20 years old (aOR = 1.288, 95 % CI = 1.005–1.650). People with comorbidities compared to those without (aOR = 1.503, 95%CI = 1.099–2.056). People with the highest severity compared to those with mild severity (aOR = 2.041, 95%CI = 1.380–3.018), as well as those infected with Covid-19 twice or more compared to those infected once (aOR = 2.014, 95%CI = 1.346–3.012).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Long COVID symptoms should be closely monitored, particularly in individuals with underlying health conditions and those who experienced severe symptoms during their COVID-19 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence trends of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children in the United States from 2000 to 2020","authors":"Seyed Ehsan Mousavi ,&nbsp;Kimia Motlagh Asghari ,&nbsp;Armin Aslani ,&nbsp;Farzin Tahmasbi Arashlow ,&nbsp;Zahra Yekta ,&nbsp;Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) originates from the lymphoid tissues with a great morbidity and economic burden. It accounts for about 5 % of cancers in the United States (US) in 2024. We aimed to report the incidence trend of pediatric NHL in the US over 2000–2020, by age, sex, and subtype.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Cases were categorized using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology version 3. We reported age-standariszed incidence rates (ASIRs) and average annual percent changes (AAPC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2000 to 2019, there were 38,098 reported cases of pediatric NHL, with B-cell NHL being the most common subtype (84.31 %). Most cases were observed in non-Hispanic Whites (46.71 %) and children aged ≤4 years (37.26 %). The ASIR per 100,000 population was 5.47 (5.40–5.54) for males and 3.95 (3.89–4.01) for females. Over the study period, both sexes showed significant increases in ASIRs (AAPCs of 0.93 % for males and 0.51 % for females). However, no significant changes were observed in the ASIRs of pediatric NHL across all races and both sexes after the COVID-19 pandemic (percent change: 1.30 % [-5.10, 7.70]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While overall incidence rates remained stable, significant demographic variations were evident, including increases among Hispanic males and decreases among NHB females. There is a need for targeted interventions to address demographic disparities and the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors influencing NHL ASIRs in pediatric populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101850"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of waste anesthetic gas concentrations in the operating theaters and DNA damage in exposed female nurse anesthetists","authors":"Thitiworn Choosong ,&nbsp;Jatuporn Pakpirom","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Personnel that work in operation theaters are at risk of exposure to waste anesthetic gases (WAGs) that can cause deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. To assess the potential impacts of single strand break levels of nurse anesthetists, WAGs levels, and other factors were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Non-smoker nurse anesthetists (exposure group) and registered nurses (control group) that have never worked in operating theaters (OT) were matched by age. The WAG concentrations in OT were measured via a direct reading instrument. A blood sample of 2 mL from each volunteer nurse was used to determine the single strand break of DNA damage by comet assay; between July 2014 and January 2016.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total 77 nurses participated in this study. Even if the average 8-h TWA of the WAG concentrations were low, N₂O peaked at 951 ppm and sevoflurane peaked at 88.3 ppm during the induction phrase of pediatric patients. Multivariate analysis showed that ln (% of DNA) in the tail and ln (tail moment) were positively, significantly associated with N₂O and cancer in family history, while ln (tail length) was not. However, dietary consumption of fish, meat and cruciferous vegetable had influence on DNA damage and shift work should not be neglected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nurse anesthetists were potentially exposed to very high WAG concentrations; especially in pediatric cases. There were multi-factors associated with DNA damage score. To decrease the DNA damage score, lifestyle and dietary consumption should be of more concern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reevaluating factors in global Universal Health Coverage implementation pre-COVID-19","authors":"Rahayu Lubis ,&nbsp;Fauzi Budi Satria ,&nbsp;Santi Martini ,&nbsp;Harnavi Harun ,&nbsp;Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki ,&nbsp;Surya Utama ,&nbsp;Juanita","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Universal Health Coverage (UHC) strives to ensure equitable access to high-quality healthcare services for all. Despite this goal, the COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant healthcare shortages worldwide. This study reevaluates key determinants of UHC implementation on a global scale before the pandemic, offering insights to shape strategies for achieving UHC by 2030 in light of current circumstances.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This ecological study analyzed data from 178 countries. UHC implementation was assessed using two indicators: Health Service Coverage (HSC) and Financial Protection (FP). Independent variables, including the Human Development Index (HDI), Health Worker Density (HWD), and Governance Effectiveness (GE), were proposed based on the Systemic Rapid Assessment Toolkit (SYSRA) framework. Data from 2000 to 2019 were sourced from open databases. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.3.1, with a significance level of p &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Countries with higher HDI exhibited significantly better HSC (p &lt; 0.05) and FP (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, HDI emerged as the primary contributor to HSC (accuracy = 0.77, Kappa = 0.64), while HSC played a central role in determining FP (accuracy = 0.61, Kappa = 0.21). Governance Effectiveness (GE) also significantly influenced FP in addition to HSC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Rather than solely focusing on building healthcare infrastructure and expanding the healthcare workforce, balancing progress in both development and governance is a promising approach for countries striving to attain UHC by 2030.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutralizing antibody titers after COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Safoora Shirani Shams Abadi,&nbsp;Laleh Hoveida,&nbsp;Nafiseh Sadat Naghavi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Monitoring COVID-19 and evaluating the effectiveness of prevention and control strategies are considered critical priorities in public health. As a result, the administration of COVID-19 vaccines has been widely approved around the world. In the current study, we investigated the level of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody (NAb) among individuals who received different COVID-19 vaccines.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study recorded demographical data and clinical characteristics of 168 individuals who received COVID-19 vaccines from 2021 to 2022. Vaccination data of participants, including type and times of vaccine and any complications and symptoms after vaccination, were also recorded. SARS-CoV-2 NAb level was assessed by performing an ELISA test, and all data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The significant level was set at 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the participants was 40.4 ± 16 years, and 109 were females. About 18.4 % of participants had the underlying diseases, of which thyroid diseases were the most frequent. The mean SARS-CoV-2 NAb level was 31.6 ± 39.78 ng/ml. Sinopharm was the common vaccine in our population, and AstraZeneca represented a high level of Nab 47.18 ng/ml. Among the participants, 96 had mild to severe complications after vaccination, with the most complaining of arm pain. Significant differences of NAb levele were observed only between types of vaccine and gender (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Due to our findings, all employed vaccines demonstrated efficacy in generating NAb. The levels of Nab were different among genders, age groups, and different types of vaccine receivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinico-demographical differences and seven years management performance of acute coronary syndrome in Bali, Indonesia","authors":"I Made Junior Rina Artha ,&nbsp;Dafsah Arifa Juzar ,&nbsp;Gusti Ngurah Prana Jagannatha ,&nbsp;Bryan Gervais de Liyis ,&nbsp;Anastasya Maria Kosasih ,&nbsp;Anak Agung Putu Eka Juliantara ,&nbsp;Made Michel Kresnayasa","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The geographical diversity and clinical presentation differences of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients in Bali significantly influence the management performance and intervention outcomes. Bali, an island with varied geography, presents unique challenges for timely access to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) facilities, which are concentrated in South Bali. This study aims to describe annually the clinical characteristics of ACS patients in Bali, focusing on geographical factors and management performance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The regional data from the Indonesia Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry (One ACS) were utilized in this study. The study population consisted of patients aged over 18 years who were treated for ACS from 2017 to 2023 at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Central General Hospital in Denpasar, Bali. Several outcomes were described, including baseline characteristics, transfer time, door-to-balloon time (DTB), door-to-wire time (DTW), ambulance transport time, patient transport time, and major adverse cardiac event (MACE) outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 4588 ACS patients based in Bali were included from 2017 to 2023. The majority of ACS patients originated from Denpasar city (44.1 %), followed by Badung (19.2 %) and Gianyar (8.5 %). More than half of the patients (57.9 %) were referred from primary healthcare, with a mean transfer time of 247.45 ± 698.26 min. Mortality rates were high, with significant numbers of cardiac arrests, heart failure, and cardiogenic shock. On multivariate analysis, shortness of breath, chest pain during light activity, patients seeking first medical contact (FMC) in Karangasem, and self-admission to the hospital were independently associated with mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The geographical challenges of Bali, particularly the limited distribution of PCI-capable facilities, contribute to delays in treatment and varied outcomes for ACS patients. Improvements in healthcare systems across Bali are required to conform with current guidelines and enhance intervention outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}