Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献_第6页

Comparative analysis of mental health in middle-aged women with type-2 diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism: A cross-sectional study

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101911

Rabia Aziz , Sohrab Ahmad Khan , Sumbul Ansari , Firdaus Jawed

Background

Non-communicable diseases like hypothyroidism and type-2 diabetes mellitus are becoming increasingly prevalent and can lead to anxiety, depression, and memory problems. These mental health comorbidities often go undiagnosed despite significantly impacting quality of life. Sex differences are also observed, with women experiencing higher rates of both conditions.

Objectives

This study aimed to compare the levels of anxiety, depression, and memory in middle-aged women with hypothyroidism and type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

This cross-sectional design recruited 243 females from Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital in New Delhi. Participants were divided into hypothyroidism and type-2 diabetes mellitus groups based on confirmed diagnoses. Questionnaires were used to assess anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), and memory (PGI-memory). Data analysis employed independent-sample t-tests and chi-square tests.

Results

Significant differences (p < 0.05) emerged in mean mental health scores. The hypothyroidism group displayed higher anxiety (p < 0.05) and better memory (p < 0.05), while the diabetic group exhibited higher depression (p < 0.05). Results showed a higher prevalence of severe anxiety and depression in the diabetic group compared to the hypothyroidism group. Notably, the diabetic group also showed a significantly higher proportion of participants with moderate memory problems.

Conclusions

This study suggests that both hypothyroidism and type-2 diabetes mellitus can impact mental health in middle-aged women. Type-2 diabetes mellitus appears to be associated with a greater prevalence of severe category of anxiety and depression, and with greater individuals in the moderate memory level category. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive assessments to identify and address mental health comorbidities in patients with these chronic conditions.

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引用次数: 0

The effect of sexual counseling on self-concept and sexual satisfaction of women with pelvic organ prolapse: A randomized clinical trial study

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101942

Niloofar Ladoni , Mansoureh Refaei , Farideh Kazemi , Ensiyeh jenabi , Azita Tiznobaik , Nahid Radnia

Introduction

One of the most common complaints of women with pelvic prolapse (POP) is sexual dissatisfaction. The study aimed to determine the effect of counseling on the self-concept and sexual satisfaction of women with pelvic organ prolapse.

Method

In 2022, a parallel randomized clinical trial was conducted in …., involving 60 women with pelvic organ prolapse. A random block method was used to divide participants into two groups. The demographic profile questionnaire, the multidimensional sexual self-concept questionnaire, and the Linda Berg sexual pleasure questionnaire were used as the data-gathering tools. Four individual counseling sessions were conducted in four consecutive weeks. ANCOVA analysis was used to compare groups. The data was analyzed by helping STATA software version 13 with a meaningful level of less than 0.05.

Results

The study consisted of 60 participants with an average age (standard aviation) of the intervention group 44.60 (4.01), and the control group 41.57(5.94) years, data from 60 participants were analyzed. The demographic and clinical specifications of the two groups were relatively similar (p < 0.05). After the intervention, sexual self-concept, and sexual satisfaction scores were measured and adjusted for interfering factors. In the intervention and control group, respectively, the mean score (standard aviation) of negative sexual self-concept scores were 16.63 (2.64), and 22.14 (2.64) (p < 0.01) with effect size 2.09 [MD = 5.51 (95 % CI: 4.16,6.87)], and the mean score (standard aviation) of sexual satisfaction scores were 59.79(5.67) and 51.91(5.67) (p < 0.01) with effect size 2.13[MD = 8.18 (95 % CI: 6.19,10.16)]. The difference in mean scores in both variables was meaningful.

Conclusion

Individual sexual counseling significantly increases the sexual self-concept and sexual satisfaction of women with the prolapse of pelvic organs. Research is needed to determine suitable and effective therapies that support women's sexual health since self-esteem and sexual pleasure play a significant role in enhancing sexual function and bolstering marital relationships.

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence of appropriate feeding practices and nutritional status among infant and young children aged 0–23 Months attending public hospitals in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia, 2024: An institutional-based cross-sectional study

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101937

Samuel Demissie Darcho, Feyisa Shasho Bayisa, Teshome Demis Nimani

Introduction

Appropriate feeding is a set of recommendations to achieve optimal infant and young child feeding practices for 0-23-month-old children. Inappropriate infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices are the leading cause of malnutrition in children. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of appropriate feeding practices and nutritional status among infants and young children aged 0–23 months attending public hospitals in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia.

Methods

An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 216 mothers of children aged 0–23 months from July 1 to 30, 2024. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Data was collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire.

Results

In this study, the overall prevalence of appropriate infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practice was 83.8 % (95 % CI: 78.7, 88.9). The study results also showed that the prevalence of severe undernutrition, stunting, wasting, and severe acute malnutrition was 14.4 % (95 % CI: 9.7, 19.4), 20.4 % (95 % CI: 15.3, 25.9), 13.9 % (95 % CI:10.2,19.0), and 13.9 % (95 % CI:2.3, 7.9), respectively.

Conclusion

In the current study, the majority of the young and infant children aged 0–23 months had appropriate feeding practice and good nutritional status. It is recommended that early assessment of the nutritional status of infants and children, and all the necessary interventions, such as health education on breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and meal preparation, should be given to mothers.

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引用次数: 0

The moderating role of social support on the impact of adverse childhood experiences on life satisfaction and mental health in adulthood

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101933

Muath Aldomini , Jerry W. Lee , Anna Nelson , Rhonda Spencer Hwang , Khulud K. Alharbi , Tassnym H. Sinky , Baraa S. Quronfulah , Wahaj A. Khan , Mohamed O. Elamin , Mohamed O. Nour

Objectives

To evaluate the role of positive and negative social supports (PSS and NSS) in moderating the association of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with life satisfaction and mental health.

Methods

A retrospective database analysis was done for the Biopsychosocial Religion and Health Cohort Study subjects (N = 10,194) residing in the United States and Canada (2006–2007). After controlling for confounders, a generalized linear model was used to evaluate the relationship between ACEs and life satisfaction and mental health, as well as the role of PSS subdomains (emotional, instrumental, informational, and companionship) and NSS subdomains (rejection or neglect, unsympathetic behavior, unwanted advice, and failure to provide help) had in these relationships.

Result

The study sample was mainly composed of females (67.5 %) and Whites (63.6 %) with an average age of 61.65 ± 13.59 years old. About 60.6 % of participants reported experiencing at least one ACE. ACEs have a negative association with life satisfaction and mental health. Better mental health and life satisfaction were favorably associated with PSS and negatively associated with NSS, respectively. With the exception of the rejection subdomain, NSS had no deteriorating influence on the relationship between ACEs and poor mental health and life satisfaction. In contrast, PSS significantly mitigated this relationship.

Conclusions

When predicting both mental health and life satisfaction following ACEs, potential protective effects of PSS (mainly instrumental support) and debilitating effects of NSS (rejection) were noted. When interacting with individuals who have had ACEs, health providers need to be mindful of the possible effects of both PSS and NSS. More long-term studies are necessary, particularly in more diverse groups.

{"title":"The moderating role of social support on the impact of adverse childhood experiences on life satisfaction and mental health in adulthood","authors":"Muath Aldomini , Jerry W. Lee , Anna Nelson , Rhonda Spencer Hwang , Khulud K. Alharbi , Tassnym H. Sinky , Baraa S. Quronfulah , Wahaj A. Khan , Mohamed O. Elamin , Mohamed O. Nour","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the role of positive and negative social supports (PSS and NSS) in moderating the association of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with life satisfaction and mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective database analysis was done for the Biopsychosocial Religion and Health Cohort Study subjects (<em>N</em> = 10,194) residing in the United States and Canada (2006–2007). After controlling for confounders, a generalized linear model was used to evaluate the relationship between ACEs and life satisfaction and mental health, as well as the role of PSS subdomains (emotional, instrumental, informational, and companionship) and NSS subdomains (rejection or neglect, unsympathetic behavior, unwanted advice, and failure to provide help) had in these relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The study sample was mainly composed of females (67.5 %) and Whites (63.6 %) with an average age of 61.65 ± 13.59 years old. About 60.6 % of participants reported experiencing at least one ACE. ACEs have a negative association with life satisfaction and mental health. Better mental health and life satisfaction were favorably associated with PSS and negatively associated with NSS, respectively. With the exception of the rejection subdomain, NSS had no deteriorating influence on the relationship between ACEs and poor mental health and life satisfaction. In contrast, PSS significantly mitigated this relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>When predicting both mental health and life satisfaction following ACEs, potential protective effects of PSS (mainly instrumental support) and debilitating effects of NSS (rejection) were noted. When interacting with individuals who have had ACEs, health providers need to be mindful of the possible effects of both PSS and NSS. More long-term studies are necessary, particularly in more diverse groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determinants of tuberculosis treatment failure in public health facilities of Jigjiga Town, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia: A multi-center case-control study

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101936

Nasir Tayib Nur , Yadeta Dessie , Samuel Demissie Darcho , Samrawit Berihun , Behailu Hawulte Ayele

Background

Early identification of determinants of tuberculosis treatment failure is crucial in resource-limited developing countries. Tuberculosis treatment failure is one of the challenges to controlling tuberculosis. However, evidence on the factors contributing to tuberculosis treatment failure is limited. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors contributing to tuberculosis treatment failure.

Methods

A retrospective, unmatched case-control study design was conducted by recruiting 264 (53 cases and 211 controls) at public health facilities. Cases were patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with a tuberculosis treatment outcome registered as treatment failure. Controls were patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with tuberculosis treatment outcomes registered as cured and treatment completed during anti-tuberculosis treatment.

Result

264 records (53 cases and 211 controls) were included from tuberculosis registers. In the current study, determinants of tuberculosis treatment failure were being male (AOR = 4.06, 95 % CI: 1.65, 9.75), age 30–40 years (AOR = 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.10, 0.54), receiving directly observed therapy treatment (AOR = 3.94, 95 % CI: 1.63, 9.51), adherence to tuberculosis medication (AOR = 7.56, 95 % CI: 2.70, 20.78), being treated at a hospital (AOR = 11.89, 95 % CI: 3.80, 33.79), and being HIV positive (AOR = 4.783, 95 % CI: 1.46, 15.65). (Table 4)

Conclusions

This study found that the rate of tuberculosis treatment failure among adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was relatively lower in Eastern Ethiopia. Targeted interventions should be implemented to address the identified risk factors, particularly among high-risk groups, to improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes throughout the treatment process.

{"title":"Determinants of tuberculosis treatment failure in public health facilities of Jigjiga Town, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia: A multi-center case-control study","authors":"Nasir Tayib Nur , Yadeta Dessie , Samuel Demissie Darcho , Samrawit Berihun , Behailu Hawulte Ayele","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early identification of determinants of tuberculosis treatment failure is crucial in resource-limited developing countries. Tuberculosis treatment failure is one of the challenges to controlling tuberculosis. However, evidence on the factors contributing to tuberculosis treatment failure is limited. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors contributing to tuberculosis treatment failure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective, unmatched case-control study design was conducted by recruiting 264 (53 cases and 211 controls) at public health facilities. Cases were patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with a tuberculosis treatment outcome registered as treatment failure. Controls were patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with tuberculosis treatment outcomes registered as cured and treatment completed during anti-tuberculosis treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>264 records (53 cases and 211 controls) were included from tuberculosis registers. In the current study, determinants of tuberculosis treatment failure were being male (AOR = 4.06, 95 % CI: 1.65, 9.75), age 30–40 years (AOR = 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.10, 0.54), receiving directly observed therapy treatment (AOR = 3.94, 95 % CI: 1.63, 9.51), adherence to tuberculosis medication (AOR = 7.56, 95 % CI: 2.70, 20.78), being treated at a hospital (AOR = 11.89, 95 % CI: 3.80, 33.79), and being HIV positive (AOR = 4.783, 95 % CI: 1.46, 15.65). (Table 4)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study found that the rate of tuberculosis treatment failure among adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was relatively lower in Eastern Ethiopia. Targeted interventions should be implemented to address the identified risk factors, particularly among high-risk groups, to improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes throughout the treatment process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101936"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occurrence of Cytomegalovirus among pregnant antenatal women within Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101915

Timothy Waje, Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu, Ahmed Faruk Umar, Ediga B. Agbo

Objectives of the research

The objectives of this research were to investigate the occurrence of Cytomegalovirus, determine the prevalence rate and in relation to certain demographic and risk factors, clinical variables, and outcomes among an antenatal cohort of women in the Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria.

Patients and methods

Ethical approval was obtained from the relevant ethical committees for blood sample collection. Approximately 3 ml of blood was obtained from 300 women using separate 5 ml syringes and Ethylenediamintetraacetic acid (EDTA)-coated bottles. The human ABO blood group and Rhesus factor for each subject were determined using blood group antisera while their plasma screened for CMV IgM by enzyme-linked Imunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

The CMV IgM was detected in 118 subjects, for a prevalence of 39.33 %. This was greater among subjects aged 21–30 years (24 %), of secondary education (17 %), business (18.33 %), and without awareness (38.66 %). Additionally, of blood group, O+ (18 %), genotype AA (34 %), gravidity of two or more (29.33 %), and parity of two or more (29.33 %). Moreover, women without a history of blood transfusion (35.66 %) or surgery (39.56 %), with a history of CS (45.16 %), and two sexual partners (40 %) were more positive for the virus. Similarly, one-time miscarriages (40.62 %) and a history of late childhood (80 %) were positive. The diabetic patient (100 %) and women without knowledge of their health status (40.53 %) had the highest prevalence of clinical history.

Conclusions

This study detected CMV with a prevalence of 39.33 % among the antenatal population within the Bauchi metropolis. This is considered high and of public health concern.

{"title":"Occurrence of Cytomegalovirus among pregnant antenatal women within Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Timothy Waje, Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu, Ahmed Faruk Umar, Ediga B. Agbo","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives of the research</h3><div>The objectives of this research were to investigate the occurrence of <em>Cytomegalovirus</em>, determine the prevalence rate and in relation to certain demographic and risk factors, clinical variables, and outcomes among an antenatal cohort of women in the Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Ethical approval was obtained from the relevant ethical committees for blood sample collection. Approximately 3 ml of blood was obtained from 300 women using separate 5 ml syringes and Ethylenediamintetraacetic acid (EDTA)-coated bottles. The human ABO blood group and Rhesus factor for each subject were determined using blood group antisera while their plasma screened for <em>CMV</em> IgM by enzyme-linked Imunosorbent assay (ELISA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The <em>CMV</em> IgM was detected in 118 subjects, for a prevalence of 39.33 %. This was greater among subjects aged 21–30 years (24 %), of secondary education (17 %), business (18.33 %), and without awareness (38.66 %). Additionally, of blood group, O+ (18 %), genotype AA (34 %), gravidity of two or more (29.33 %), and parity of two or more (29.33 %). Moreover, women without a history of blood transfusion (35.66 %) or surgery (39.56 %), with a history of CS (45.16 %), and two sexual partners (40 %) were more positive for the virus. Similarly, one-time miscarriages (40.62 %) and a history of late childhood (80 %) were positive. The diabetic patient (100 %) and women without knowledge of their health status (40.53 %) had the highest prevalence of clinical history.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study detected <em>CMV</em> with a prevalence of 39.33 % among the antenatal population within the Bauchi metropolis. This is considered high and of public health concern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A prospective study on the transition in frailty state and its predictors in community-based older adults in India

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101919

Amruta Kulkarni, Aarti Nagarkar

Background

Frailty is a complex concept, and individuals' frailty status can change over time. Understanding these transitions is crucial for preventive interventions and healthcare management. This study investigates the factors influencing the transitions between non-frail, pre-frail, and frailty in a cohort of older adults in India.

Methods

A cohort of 317 men and women aged 60 years and older was followed for an average of 16 months. Frailty was measured using the Fried phenotype. Multinomial regression analysis assessed the associations of sociodemographic, lifestyle, functional health, social, and other variables with frailty transitions (worsening, improvement, and retention in the same state).

Results

The mean age on enrolment was 70.4 years, and 56 % were females. Over the period, 30.6 % and 1.5 % of robust worsened to pre-frail and frail category, respectively; 12 % of pre-frail worsened to a frail category and 16 % of frail experienced death or medical complications. Slum residence, baseline impairment of ADL, and balance predicted robust worsening. Tobacco or alcohol use, difficulty in IADL, and balance impairment (Adjusted Relative Risk ratio [ARR]:3.05 CI:1.05–8.86) predicted pre-frail worsening. Literacy (ARR:3.21 CI:1.02–10.11) and social networks (ARR:1.10 CI:1.03–1.16) predicted pre-frail improvement. Cognition and ADL scores were associated with transitions between robustness and pre-frailty in both directions.

Conclusion

Identifying factors such as impaired balance, functional difficulties, literacy, social networks, and cognitive abilities as potential predictors of frailty transition presents a promising outlook for frailty management in older adults.

{"title":"A prospective study on the transition in frailty state and its predictors in community-based older adults in India","authors":"Amruta Kulkarni, Aarti Nagarkar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Frailty is a complex concept, and individuals' frailty status can change over time. Understanding these transitions is crucial for preventive interventions and healthcare management. This study investigates the factors influencing the transitions between non-frail, pre-frail, and frailty in a cohort of older adults in India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cohort of 317 men and women aged 60 years and older was followed for an average of 16 months. Frailty was measured using the Fried phenotype. Multinomial regression analysis assessed the associations of sociodemographic, lifestyle, functional health, social, and other variables with frailty transitions (worsening, improvement, and retention in the same state).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age on enrolment was 70.4 years, and 56 % were females. Over the period, 30.6 % and 1.5 % of robust worsened to pre-frail and frail category, respectively; 12 % of pre-frail worsened to a frail category and 16 % of frail experienced death or medical complications. Slum residence, baseline impairment of ADL, and balance predicted robust worsening. Tobacco or alcohol use, difficulty in IADL, and balance impairment (Adjusted Relative Risk ratio [ARR]:3.05 CI:1.05–8.86) predicted pre-frail worsening. Literacy (ARR:3.21 CI:1.02–10.11) and social networks (ARR:1.10 CI:1.03–1.16) predicted pre-frail improvement. Cognition and ADL scores were associated with transitions between robustness and pre-frailty in both directions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Identifying factors such as impaired balance, functional difficulties, literacy, social networks, and cognitive abilities as potential predictors of frailty transition presents a promising outlook for frailty management in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the relationship between opium consumption and lipid profiles: A population-based study of 10,663 individuals in Southern Iran

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101920

Najibullah Baeradeh , Seyed Vahid Hosseini , Leila Moftakhar , Fatemeh Jafari , Masoumeh Ghoddusi Johari , Abbas Rezaianzadeh

Background

Drug abuse is known as one of the most important health, medical, and social problems. Furthermore, this study was performed to evaluate the relationship between opium and lipid profiles.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,663 individuals from Kharameh cohort study. Demographic information, and histories of opium, alcohol, and cigarette use were collected by trained staff. Linear regression was employed to examine relationship between opium use and lipid profile. Significance level was considered 5 %, and STATA software was used for analysis.

Result

Participants had an average age of 52.2 ± 8.22 years, and 5944 (55.7 %) of them were women. Prevalence of opium use was 16 %. Correlation test indicated that triglyceride showed a significant correlation with age (r = −0.02, P = 0.029), BMI (r = 0.011, P < 0.001), and physical activity (r = −0.45, P < 0.001). Cholesterol were correlated with BMI (r = −0.06, P < 0.001) and physical activity (r = −0.02, P = 0.002). LDL demonstrated correlation with BMI (r = 0.06, P = 0.0001) and physical activity (r = −0.034, P = 0.003), while HDL showed correlation with age (r = 0.062, P < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.061, P < 0.001), and physical activity (r = −0.017, P < 0.001). However, multiple linear regression indicated there was no significant relationship between opium use and lipid profiles (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Our results can help prevent the perception in general population that opium intake lowers lipid levels. Because in our study there was no relationship between opium intake and lipid profile.

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between opium consumption and lipid profiles: A population-based study of 10,663 individuals in Southern Iran","authors":"Najibullah Baeradeh , Seyed Vahid Hosseini , Leila Moftakhar , Fatemeh Jafari , Masoumeh Ghoddusi Johari , Abbas Rezaianzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Drug abuse is known as one of the most important health, medical, and social problems. Furthermore, this study was performed to evaluate the relationship between opium and lipid profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,663 individuals from Kharameh cohort study. Demographic information, and histories of opium, alcohol, and cigarette use were collected by trained staff. Linear regression was employed to examine relationship between opium use and lipid profile. Significance level was considered 5 %, and STATA software was used for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Participants had an average age of 52.2 ± 8.22 years, and 5944 (55.7 %) of them were women. Prevalence of opium use was 16 %. Correlation test indicated that triglyceride showed a significant correlation with age (r = −0.02, P = 0.029), BMI (r = 0.011, P < 0.001), and physical activity (r = −0.45, P < 0.001). Cholesterol were correlated with BMI (r = −0.06, P < 0.001) and physical activity (r = −0.02, P = 0.002). LDL demonstrated correlation with BMI (r = 0.06, P = 0.0001) and physical activity (r = −0.034, P = 0.003), while HDL showed correlation with age (r = 0.062, P < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.061, P < 0.001), and physical activity (r = −0.017, P < 0.001). However, multiple linear regression indicated there was no significant relationship between opium use and lipid profiles (P > 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results can help prevent the perception in general population that opium intake lowers lipid levels. Because in our study there was no relationship between opium intake and lipid profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utility of CB-NAAT in cutaneous tuberculosis: A prospective observational study

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101916

Parul Verma , Srishti Tripathi , Swastika Suvirya , Prakriti Shukla , Amita Jain , Atin Singhai , Urmila Singh , Nishant Verma

Problem considered

Conventional diagnostic techniques for diagnosing Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) have variable sensitivity, specificity and are time-consuming. CB-NAAT is based on real-time PCR and can be helpful in rapid detection of mycobacterial antigens along with the detection of rifampicin resistance. Our study aims at detecting the efficacy of CB-NAAT in the diagnosis of CTB as compared to conventional diagnostic techniques like histopathology and culture.

Methods

Skin biopsies were taken from the representative lesions in 41 patients of CTB. One sample was sent for histopathology whereas the other sample was sent for CB-NAAT, liquid culture -DST (drug sensitivity testing) and smear microscopy.

Results

Out of 41 patients with cutaneous TB, CB-NAAT was positive in 6 (14.63 %), culture was positive in 8 (19.5 %) and histopathology was compatible in 26 (63.4 %) patients. CB-NAAT was positive in 3 out of 8 culture positive cases and 4 out of 26 histopathology compatible cases. The sensitivity and specificity of gene Xpert MTB/RIF in detecting TB when compared to culture were 37.5 % and 91 % respectively and Positive- and Negative-predictive values were 50 % and 85.7 % respectively. Xpert MTB/RIF could identify an additional 3 cases, where all other microbiological investigations were negative. Out of 6 cases that were CB-NAAT positive, 3 showed Rifampicin resistance.

Conclusions

The CB-NAAT test has variable diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of CTB which can vary with the clinical specimen. It can prove as a promising tool for early detection of cutaneous TB along with drug-resistant TB especially in the high endemic zones.

{"title":"Utility of CB-NAAT in cutaneous tuberculosis: A prospective observational study","authors":"Parul Verma , Srishti Tripathi , Swastika Suvirya , Prakriti Shukla , Amita Jain , Atin Singhai , Urmila Singh , Nishant Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Conventional diagnostic techniques for diagnosing Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) have variable sensitivity, specificity and are time-consuming. CB-NAAT is based on real-time PCR and can be helpful in rapid detection of mycobacterial antigens along with the detection of rifampicin resistance. Our study aims at detecting the efficacy of CB-NAAT in the diagnosis of CTB as compared to conventional diagnostic techniques like histopathology and culture.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Skin biopsies were taken from the representative lesions in 41 patients of CTB. One sample was sent for histopathology whereas the other sample was sent for CB-NAAT, liquid culture -DST (drug sensitivity testing) and smear microscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 41 patients with cutaneous TB, CB-NAAT was positive in 6 (14.63 %), culture was positive in 8 (19.5 %) and histopathology was compatible in 26 (63.4 %) patients. CB-NAAT was positive in 3 out of 8 culture positive cases and 4 out of 26 histopathology compatible cases. The sensitivity and specificity of gene Xpert MTB/RIF in detecting TB when compared to culture were 37.5 % and 91 % respectively and Positive- and Negative-predictive values were 50 % and 85.7 % respectively. Xpert MTB/RIF could identify an additional 3 cases, where all other microbiological investigations were negative. Out of 6 cases that were CB-NAAT positive, 3 showed Rifampicin resistance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The CB-NAAT test has variable diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of CTB which can vary with the clinical specimen. It can prove as a promising tool for early detection of cutaneous TB along with drug-resistant TB especially in the high endemic zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of health-related quality of life among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at District Headquarter Hospital haripur, Pakistan

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101917

Mehwish Fayaz , Shahbaz Ahmad Zakki , Ijaz Ul Haq, Muhammad Afzal, Mudassar Latif, Ehtisham Altaf

Background & objectives

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a notable worldwide public health issue and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to assess the health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among patients diagnosed with COPD and to explore the determinants that impact it.

Methods

This cross-sectional study comprised 400 individuals diagnosed with COPD who were aged 30–75. The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), which is specific to COPD, was employed to assess the patient's quality of life. The overall score of all three domains, namely activity, impact, and symptoms, was calculated. The chi-square test was used to find out the association between the SGRQ scores and the respondent's characteristics.

Results

The mean score of SGRS was 59.04 ± 1.03, indicating worse health. About 60 % (n = 240) of the participants had phlegm most of the day. Additionally, most of them 62 % (248) suffered from cough most days a week, with a p-value of 0.010, and the shortness of breath (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with the total SGRQ score. Shortness of breath (p-value <0.001) and cough (p-value 0.010) were significantly associated with the total SGQR score.

Conclusion

The impairment of quality of life is a notable issue among patients diagnosed with COPD, and it tends to worsen as the disease progresses in severity. The need of the hour is to promote awareness about COPD in the community and sensitize healthcare professionals towards its effects on HRQoL.

{"title":"Evaluation of health-related quality of life among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at District Headquarter Hospital haripur, Pakistan","authors":"Mehwish Fayaz , Shahbaz Ahmad Zakki , Ijaz Ul Haq, Muhammad Afzal, Mudassar Latif, Ehtisham Altaf","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background & objectives</h3><div>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a notable worldwide public health issue and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to assess the health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among patients diagnosed with COPD and to explore the determinants that impact it.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study comprised 400 individuals diagnosed with COPD who were aged 30–75. The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), which is specific to COPD, was employed to assess the patient's quality of life. The overall score of all three domains, namely activity, impact, and symptoms, was calculated. The chi-square test was used to find out the association between the SGRQ scores and the respondent's characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean score of SGRS was 59.04 ± 1.03, indicating worse health. About 60 % (n = 240) of the participants had phlegm most of the day. Additionally, most of them 62 % (248) suffered from cough most days a week, with a p-value of 0.010, and the shortness of breath (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with the total SGRQ score. Shortness of breath (p-value <0.001) and cough (p-value 0.010) were significantly associated with the total SGQR score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The impairment of quality of life is a notable issue among patients diagnosed with COPD, and it tends to worsen as the disease progresses in severity. The need of the hour is to promote awareness about COPD in the community and sensitize healthcare professionals towards its effects on HRQoL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0