The WHO targets Southeast Asia to eliminate measles and rubella by 2023. Measles-Contain Vaccination (MCV) coverage in Indonesia has dropped 6 %, and vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) reporting has fallen 30 % due to the pandemic. Bantul's MR positive rate rose 16 % in 2022. Measles outbreak with 71 cases in March 2023. We evaluated the system to identify program implementation gaps.
Methods
Following system surveillance evaluation guidelines 2006, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. We evaluate the structure and attribute components. We chose eighteen public health facilities for sub-districts, with 52 health workers as representatives of all areas in the Bantul district. We interviewed with a semi-structured questionnaire. We calculated the frequencies and proportions of each component, categorized as good, fair, and weak.
Results
The average service time was almost ten years. No Public Health Center (PHC) used the system to make decisions. Since the private health facilities and community involvement was minimal, the surveillance system contains structural weaknesses in networks and partnerships. Timeliness completeness coupled with the weak evidence for variables of accessibility and flexibility is also vulnerable.
Conclusions
The Bantul measles-rubella disease surveillance system lacked networking, partnerships, and community involvement. The health office is expected to boost private health facility participation, monitoring and assessment, and vaccine coverage by at least 95 %, especially in vulnerable areas.
{"title":"Evaluation of measles-rubella control and prevention program implementation: System and community review","authors":"Sylvia Gusrina , Mei Neni Sitaresmi , Samsu Aryanto , Bayu Satria Wiratama","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The WHO targets Southeast Asia to eliminate measles and rubella by 2023. Measles-Contain Vaccination (MCV) coverage in Indonesia has dropped 6 %, and vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) reporting has fallen 30 % due to the pandemic. Bantul's MR positive rate rose 16 % in 2022. Measles outbreak with 71 cases in March 2023. We evaluated the system to identify program implementation gaps.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Following system surveillance evaluation guidelines 2006, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. We evaluate the structure and attribute components. We chose eighteen public health facilities for sub-districts, with 52 health workers as representatives of all areas in the Bantul district. We interviewed with a semi-structured questionnaire. We calculated the frequencies and proportions of each component, categorized as good, fair, and weak.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average service time was almost ten years. No Public Health Center (PHC) used the system to make decisions. Since the private health facilities and community involvement was minimal, the surveillance system contains structural weaknesses in networks and partnerships. Timeliness completeness coupled with the weak evidence for variables of accessibility and flexibility is also vulnerable.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The Bantul measles-rubella disease surveillance system lacked networking, partnerships, and community involvement. The health office is expected to boost private health facility participation, monitoring and assessment, and vaccine coverage by at least 95 %, especially in vulnerable areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101758"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002550/pdfft?md5=21995ad29ef627d3608695cab3d41f98&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002550-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adolescent is the second growth spurt and transitional phase in individual's life. Malnutrition is prevailing highly in adolescents. This study aims at studying the actual nutritional intake and the consumption pattern and its comparison with the newly formulated RDA 2024 among the school going Adolescents of the Lucknow City.
Methods
607 students of age 13–19 years from various government schools of Lucknow city were selected as early and late adolescents. Daily consumption of various macronutrients and micronutrients was obtained and compared with Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) 2024. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS software version 20.
Results
The revised Dietary Guidelines-ICMR India (2024) talks about Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) rather than Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), the caloric intake as compared to Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) was found to be at lower side. Protein consumption was lower than Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Whereas fat consumption was high. The study concluded that consumption of micronutrients in Early and Late adolescents was below Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).
Conclusion
This results to conclusion that population had lower amount of nutrients intake as compared to the guidelines. Therefore, robust nutritional intervention approach is needed to address malnutrition prevailing in this area.
{"title":"Nutritional status and dietary pattern of government school going adolescents of Lucknow city with reference to recommended dietary allowances- ICMR 2024, India","authors":"Poonam Tiwari , Janmejai Kumar Srivastava , Vandana Tiwari , Mahima Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Adolescent is the second growth spurt and transitional phase in individual's life. Malnutrition is prevailing highly in adolescents. This study aims at studying the actual nutritional intake and the consumption pattern and its comparison with the newly formulated RDA 2024 among the school going Adolescents of the Lucknow City.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>607 students of age 13–19 years from various government schools of Lucknow city were selected as early and late adolescents. Daily consumption of various macronutrients and micronutrients was obtained and compared with Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) 2024. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS software version 20.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The revised Dietary Guidelines-ICMR India (2024) talks about Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) rather than Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), the caloric intake as compared to Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) was found to be at lower side. Protein consumption was lower than Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Whereas fat consumption was high. The study concluded that consumption of micronutrients in Early and Late adolescents was below Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This results to conclusion that population had lower amount of nutrients intake as compared to the guidelines. Therefore, robust nutritional intervention approach is needed to address malnutrition prevailing in this area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101757"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002549/pdfft?md5=4734413a34b461cbe28828268827764d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002549-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141990416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Kahramanmaraş earthquake, which has been classified as an earthquake with significant and destructive consequences on a global scale, has been referred to as "the disaster of the century.", occurred on February 6, 2023. A considerable number of structures were destroyed and a significant amount of damage was incurred in 11 provinces, including Kahramanmaraş. Respiratory tract infections are a serious public health problem seen in all age groups among earthquake victims living in tent and container cities.
Objective
The aim of the study was to determine the causative agents in respiratory tract samples taken for screening purposes from earthquake victims living in tent cities in the earthquake zone and to provide early diagnosis.
Method
Gaziantep Provincial Health Directorate Infectious Diseases Unit filiation teams collected nasopharyngeal swabs from earthquake victims living in tent cities around Gaziantep province between March 25 and March 30, 2023. The presence of 18 viruses and 6 bacteria that are causing respiratory tract infections were simultaneously detected by the Real-Time qPCR (RT-qPCR) technique.
Results
In the present study, respiratory pathogens were detected in 470 (56.62 %) of a total of 830 patients. The most frequently isolated agents were rhinovirus (20 %, 94/470), S. pneumoniae (12.87 %, 60/470), RSV A/B (12.12 %, 57/470), H. influenza type b (10. 85 %, 51/470) and others. Rhinovirus was the most frequently detected pathogen in the study. The coexistence of more than one pathogen was also detected. The most common association was found between HRV and S. pneumoniae (20.93 %, 9/43).
Conclusion
The results of the present study indicate that public health measures should be prioritized in natural disasters, and ıt demonstrates that infectious diseases became a significant problem in the time period after the earthquake. Early results can be obtained by screening viral and bacterial pathogen in respiratory tract samples with RT-qPCR, and an early diagnosis is ensured.
{"title":"Epidemiology of respiratory infection pathogens using multiplex RT-qPCR in big earthquakes Area in Turkey (2023)","authors":"Esin Dogantekin , Gönenç Caliskanturk , Selda Aslan , Akif Dogantekin","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The Kahramanmaraş earthquake, which has been classified as an earthquake with significant and destructive consequences on a global scale, has been referred to as \"the disaster of the century.\", occurred on February 6, 2023. A considerable number of structures were destroyed and a significant amount of damage was incurred in 11 provinces, including Kahramanmaraş. Respiratory tract infections are a serious public health problem seen in all age groups among earthquake victims living in tent and container cities.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of the study was to determine the causative agents in respiratory tract samples taken for screening purposes from earthquake victims living in tent cities in the earthquake zone and to provide early diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Gaziantep Provincial Health Directorate Infectious Diseases Unit filiation teams collected nasopharyngeal swabs from earthquake victims living in tent cities around Gaziantep province between March 25 and March 30, 2023. The presence of 18 viruses and 6 bacteria that are causing respiratory tract infections were simultaneously detected by the Real-Time qPCR (RT-qPCR) technique.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the present study, respiratory pathogens were detected in 470 (56.62 %) of a total of 830 patients. The most frequently isolated agents were rhinovirus (20 %, 94/470), <em>S. pneumoniae</em> (12.87 %, 60/470), RSV A/B (12.12 %, 57/470), <em>H. influenza</em> type b (10. 85 %, 51/470) and others. Rhinovirus was the most frequently detected pathogen in the study. The coexistence of more than one pathogen was also detected. The most common association was found between <em>HRV</em> and <em>S. pneumoniae</em> (20.93 %, 9/43).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results of the present study indicate that public health measures should be prioritized in natural disasters, and ıt demonstrates that infectious diseases became a significant problem in the time period after the earthquake. Early results can be obtained by screening viral and bacterial pathogen in respiratory tract samples with RT-qPCR, and an early diagnosis is ensured.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002501/pdfft?md5=d77fc75980f8999b99f8af081d9c3087&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002501-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101756
Branko Beronja , Tatjana Gazibara , Jelena Dotlic , Ivan Nesic , Jelena Jankovic , Suncica Kapor , Nikola Blagojevic , Dragana Blagojevic , Isidora Guslarevic , Vladimir Djukic , Vladan Vukomanovic , Predrag Savic , Aleksandra Sljivic
Problem considered
Having cardiovascular, pulmonary and metabolic illnesses increases the likelihood of developing critical COVID-19. As the global population is aging, people with chronic illnesses may have high demands for health care, including critical care, in future health crises. The purpose of this research was to examine whether presence of different pre-existing chronic illnesses were associated with the onset of respiratory failure among patients who were treated and discharged from the intensive care unit.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the University Hospital “Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje” in Belgrade (Serbia) during the January–March 2021 epidemic wave, which had the highest mortality rate in Serbia. The study included COVID-19 patients who were treated and discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU). Data on chronic illnesses and clinical parameters regarding COVID-19 were retrieved from the electronic medical records.
Results
Of 299 surviving ICU-treated patients during the study period, 47.5 % required mechanical ventilation. The adjusted logistic regression models adjusted for body mass index (BMI), platelet count, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, lactate dehydrogenase, urea, oxygen saturation on admission and CT score showed that diabetes, neurological disorders (predominantly stroke), and recent injuries/fractures were independently associated with the onset of respiratory failure. Patients who had respiratory failure also had a higher BMI, laboratory parameters, and CT severity scores on admission.
Conclusion
People with pre-existing diabetes, neurological disorders (especially stroke), and recent injuries/fractures are at higher risk of respiratory failure in COVID-19 and should strictly adhere to COVID-19 prevention measures to minimize the risk of getting infected.
{"title":"Pre-existing chronic illnesses as a risk factor for the onset of respiratory failure due to COVID-19","authors":"Branko Beronja , Tatjana Gazibara , Jelena Dotlic , Ivan Nesic , Jelena Jankovic , Suncica Kapor , Nikola Blagojevic , Dragana Blagojevic , Isidora Guslarevic , Vladimir Djukic , Vladan Vukomanovic , Predrag Savic , Aleksandra Sljivic","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><p>Having cardiovascular, pulmonary and metabolic illnesses increases the likelihood of developing critical COVID-19. As the global population is aging, people with chronic illnesses may have high demands for health care, including critical care, in future health crises. The purpose of this research was to examine whether presence of different pre-existing chronic illnesses were associated with the onset of respiratory failure among patients who were treated and discharged from the intensive care unit.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the University Hospital “Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje” in Belgrade (Serbia) during the January–March 2021 epidemic wave, which had the highest mortality rate in Serbia. The study included COVID-19 patients who were treated and discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU). Data on chronic illnesses and clinical parameters regarding COVID-19 were retrieved from the electronic medical records.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 299 surviving ICU-treated patients during the study period, 47.5 % required mechanical ventilation. The adjusted logistic regression models adjusted for body mass index (BMI), platelet count, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, lactate dehydrogenase, urea, oxygen saturation on admission and CT score showed that diabetes, neurological disorders (predominantly stroke), and recent injuries/fractures were independently associated with the onset of respiratory failure. Patients who had respiratory failure also had a higher BMI, laboratory parameters, and CT severity scores on admission.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>People with pre-existing diabetes, neurological disorders (especially stroke), and recent injuries/fractures are at higher risk of respiratory failure in COVID-19 and should strictly adhere to COVID-19 prevention measures to minimize the risk of getting infected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101756"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002537/pdfft?md5=be4d5eac0b2ac8db9646bddc53e47380&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002537-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101754
Prima Jenevive Jyothi D'Souza , Linu Sara George , Ganesh Paramasivam , Tom Devasia , N. Ravishankar , Baby S. Nayak , Judith A. Noronha , Kusumavathi P. , Anice George
Background
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic and progressive condition that significantly impacts patients’ lives, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing their health outcomes. Among these factors, symptom perception, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and predicted survival are paramount. This study aimed to assess symptom perception, HRQoL and predictive survival among HF patients.
Methods
A baseline analysis was carried out in a randomized controlled trial involving patients with HF. Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale to assess symptom perception, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 to assess HRQoL and Seattle Heart Failure Model to assess predicted survival were used.
Results
Among the 160 patients, 62.5 % were between 36 and 59 years of age and were married (88 %). Hypertension and diabetes were reported in 104 and 94 participants respectively, and among them, 65 participants had both hypertension and diabetes. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 33(%), and 56.5 % of the participants were in New York Heart Association functional class III and IV. The average symptom perception score was 27.4 ± 18.3, while the mean HRQoL score was 37.2 ± 14.2. The predicted one-year survival score was 80 ± 11.5, and the predicted five-year survival score was 38.5 ± 21.3. HRQoL showed a significant negative correlation with symptom perception (r = −0.75; p = 0.001) and a positive correlation with one-year survival (r = 0.53; p = 0.001), and five-year survival (r = 0.56; p = 0.001).
Conclusion
Patients with HF experience persistent symptoms and poor HRQoL. Symptom severity decreases HRQoL. Understanding HRQoL and symptom perception is crucial for developing effective self-care interventions, which are vital for improving patient outcomes and managing HF effectively.
{"title":"Symptom perception, health-related quality of life and predicted survival in heart failure patients","authors":"Prima Jenevive Jyothi D'Souza , Linu Sara George , Ganesh Paramasivam , Tom Devasia , N. Ravishankar , Baby S. Nayak , Judith A. Noronha , Kusumavathi P. , Anice George","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Heart failure (HF) is a chronic and progressive condition that significantly impacts patients’ lives, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing their health outcomes. Among these factors, symptom perception, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and predicted survival are paramount. This study aimed to assess symptom perception, HRQoL and predictive survival among HF patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A baseline analysis was carried out in a randomized controlled trial involving patients with HF. Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale to assess symptom perception, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 to assess HRQoL and Seattle Heart Failure Model to assess predicted survival were used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the 160 patients, 62.5 % were between 36 and 59 years of age and were married (88 %). Hypertension and diabetes were reported in 104 and 94 participants respectively, and among them, 65 participants had both hypertension and diabetes. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 33(%), and 56.5 % of the participants were in New York Heart Association functional class III and IV. The average symptom perception score was 27.4 ± 18.3, while the mean HRQoL score was 37.2 ± 14.2. The predicted one-year survival score was 80 ± 11.5, and the predicted five-year survival score was 38.5 ± 21.3. HRQoL showed a significant negative correlation with symptom perception (r = −0.75; p = 0.001) and a positive correlation with one-year survival (r = 0.53; p = 0.001), and five-year survival (r = 0.56; p = 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Patients with HF experience persistent symptoms and poor HRQoL. Symptom severity decreases HRQoL. Understanding HRQoL and symptom perception is crucial for developing effective self-care interventions, which are vital for improving patient outcomes and managing HF effectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101754"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002513/pdfft?md5=b0339dea47b98805d51e23750c49d57d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002513-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141990417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Backward running (BR) and forward running (FR) activate distinct neuromuscular pathways and utilize differing biomechanical principles. Although FR is a well-established training modality, the potential advantages of BR for enhancing athletic performance and mitigating injury risk necessitate further exploration. Moreover, there exists a paucity of experimental data comparing these modalities in collegiate athlete populations.
Purpose
This study sought to quantify the differential effects of BR intervention, FR intervention, and no intervention on agility, power, and speed performance in collegiate athletes.
Methods
Thirty collegiate athletes (Aged 18–28 years) were randomly allocated to the BR group (n = 10), FR group (n = 10), and an absolute control (CON) group (n = 10). The BR and FR groups performed running sessions on a treadmill for matched time and intensity biweekly for eight weeks. All athletes were assessed for agility, speed, and power performance before and after the intervention.
Results
Results revealed a significant main effect of time (p < 0.05) and significant group × time interactions (p < 0.05) for all outcomes, mean difference data showed BR outperformed FR & CON in countermovement jump (CMJ) (p < 0.05). For the 10-m sprint performance, a between-group difference was identified. A post-hoc Bonferroni test showed that the BR group performed better than the CON group (p = 0.02) but was not statistically different from the FR group (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
BR intervention led to greater gains in CMJ performance and improved 10-m sprint performance compared to the control group, with little improvement compared to the FR group based on the mean difference data.
{"title":"An evaluation of physical performance in collegiate athletes: A randomized controlled trial comparing backward and forward running","authors":"Firdaus Jawed , Sumbul Ansari , Rabia Aziz , Humaira Khan , Moazzam Hussain Khan , Saurabh Sharma , Turki Abualait , Shibili Nuhmani","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Backward running (BR) and forward running (FR) activate distinct neuromuscular pathways and utilize differing biomechanical principles. Although FR is a well-established training modality, the potential advantages of BR for enhancing athletic performance and mitigating injury risk necessitate further exploration. Moreover, there exists a paucity of experimental data comparing these modalities in collegiate athlete populations.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study sought to quantify the differential effects of BR intervention, FR intervention, and no intervention on agility, power, and speed performance in collegiate athletes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirty collegiate athletes (Aged 18–28 years) were randomly allocated to the BR group (n = 10), FR group (n = 10), and an absolute control (CON) group (n = 10). The BR and FR groups performed running sessions on a treadmill for matched time and intensity biweekly for eight weeks. All athletes were assessed for agility, speed, and power performance before and after the intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results revealed a significant main effect of time (<em>p</em> < 0.05) and significant group × time interactions (<em>p</em> < 0.05) for all outcomes, mean difference data showed BR outperformed FR & CON in countermovement jump (CMJ) (<em>p</em> < 0.05). For the 10-m sprint performance, a between-group difference was identified. A post-hoc Bonferroni test showed that the BR group performed better than the CON group (<em>p</em> = 0.02) but was not statistically different from the FR group (<em>p</em> > 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>BR intervention led to greater gains in CMJ performance and improved 10-m sprint performance compared to the control group, with little improvement compared to the FR group based on the mean difference data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101740"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002367/pdfft?md5=960db68d124f113507323ebe3b005009&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002367-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101750
Jelena Filimonovic , Milijana Relic , Goran Relic , Dragica Djoric , Jovana Pficer Kuzmanovic , Jelena Krdzic Milovanovic , Aleksandra Ilic , Zorica Sojevic Timotijevic , Srbislava Milinic , Marija Milic
Background
Approximately 25% of the sexually active population is infected with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), among which adolescents are most often affected with a share of 50% among newly infected people.
Methods
Cross-sectional study was conducted in three high schools in the city of Krusevac, Republic of Serbia, during 2021.The questionnaire collects data on the sociodemographic characteristics of students, their sexual activity and risky behavior, as well as data on knowledge about STIs and their occurrence.
Results
Of the 778 students enrolled in the study, 140 (18.0%) reported having one or more symptoms of an STI, while 167 (21.5%) reported seeing a doctor for an examination or testing for a suspected STI.The most frequent visits to the doctor for check up and testing for STIs were due to suspicion of candida, condylomas and gonorrhea, and less frequently for HIV, herpes or syphilis.The results of the multinomial regression showed that attending medical school, worse grades in school, sexual intercourse after parties under the influence of alcohol and drugs, a greater number of sexual partners since the beginning of sexual activity, more frequent sexual intercourse on a monthly basis, not using contraceptive methods during sexual intercourse or use only combined oral pills were factors associated with the occurrence of STI symptoms in high school students in our study.
Conclusion
It is evident that risky behaviors and non-use of prevention measures were factors associated with more frequent STI symptoms and medical check up.
{"title":"Factors associated with the symptoms onset and check up with testing for sexually transmitted infections among high school students in Serbia","authors":"Jelena Filimonovic , Milijana Relic , Goran Relic , Dragica Djoric , Jovana Pficer Kuzmanovic , Jelena Krdzic Milovanovic , Aleksandra Ilic , Zorica Sojevic Timotijevic , Srbislava Milinic , Marija Milic","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Approximately 25% of the sexually active population is infected with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), among which adolescents are most often affected with a share of 50% among newly infected people.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional study was conducted in three high schools in the city of Krusevac, Republic of Serbia, during 2021.The questionnaire collects data on the sociodemographic characteristics of students, their sexual activity and risky behavior, as well as data on knowledge about STIs and their occurrence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 778 students enrolled in the study, 140 (18.0%) reported having one or more symptoms of an STI, while 167 (21.5%) reported seeing a doctor for an examination or testing for a suspected STI.The most frequent visits to the doctor for check up and testing for STIs were due to suspicion of candida, condylomas and gonorrhea, and less frequently for HIV, herpes or syphilis.The results of the multinomial regression showed that attending medical school, worse grades in school, sexual intercourse after parties under the influence of alcohol and drugs, a greater number of sexual partners since the beginning of sexual activity, more frequent sexual intercourse on a monthly basis, not using contraceptive methods during sexual intercourse or use only combined oral pills were factors associated with the occurrence of STI symptoms in high school students in our study.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It is evident that risky behaviors and non-use of prevention measures were factors associated with more frequent STI symptoms and medical check up.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002471/pdfft?md5=6df8768872c5efe45368bd43553ee4a3&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002471-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101752
Rajendra D, Sarala R, Usha Manjunath
Aim
To explore the Quality of life among the community health workers and its association with the socio-demographic variables.
Subject and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 739 Community Health Workers (CHWs), where a multistage random sampling technique was used and three districts were selected based on the proportion of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in the districts of Karnataka. “WHOQOL-BREF” was used along with a Sociodemographic profile to determine the Quality of Life (QoL) among the CHWs. Multivariate regression models, T-test and ANOVA tests were used for the analysis.
Results
The overall Quality of life mean ± SD was 3.4 ± 0.95. Domain-wise social relationship was found to be highest with a mean ± SD of 66.5 ± 21.7 and Environmental domain was found to be the least with a mean ± SD of 48.6 ± 16.6. The Multivariate regression models reveal that education up to primary level, an individual income of INR 5000 and more, and family income of INR 15000 to 40000 contribute to the higher score, whereas total family members of 5–8, age 25 to 44, and education of secondary schooling, PUC/diploma contribute to the lower scores of QoL.
Conclusion
The results of the study showed that CHWs had neither good nor bad quality of life. And there is a need to improve physical and environmental factors such as job satisfaction, population coverage, better income, physical safety, good working environment, better transportation facilities which can improve the QoL among CHWs.
{"title":"Quality of life among community health workers in the districts of Koppal, Raichur and Mysore, Karnataka State, India","authors":"Rajendra D, Sarala R, Usha Manjunath","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To explore the Quality of life among the community health workers and its association with the socio-demographic variables.</p></div><div><h3>Subject and methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 739 Community Health Workers (CHWs), where a multistage random sampling technique was used and three districts were selected based on the proportion of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in the districts of Karnataka. “WHOQOL-BREF” was used along with a Sociodemographic profile to determine the Quality of Life (QoL) among the CHWs. Multivariate regression models, T-test and ANOVA tests were used for the analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall Quality of life mean ± SD was 3.4 ± 0.95. Domain-wise social relationship was found to be highest with a mean ± SD of 66.5 ± 21.7 and Environmental domain was found to be the least with a mean ± SD of 48.6 ± 16.6. The Multivariate regression models reveal that education up to primary level, an individual income of INR 5000 and more, and family income of INR 15000 to 40000 contribute to the higher score, whereas total family members of 5–8, age 25 to 44, and education of secondary schooling, PUC/diploma contribute to the lower scores of QoL.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results of the study showed that CHWs had neither good nor bad quality of life. And there is a need to improve physical and environmental factors such as job satisfaction, population coverage, better income, physical safety, good working environment, better transportation facilities which can improve the QoL among CHWs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002495/pdfft?md5=46c4522545d505035d0958b45f4e6c94&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002495-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101748
Smrutirekha Mohanty , Deepanjali Behera , Snehasish Tripathy , Madhusmita Jena , Manas Ranjan Behera , Bhuputra Panda
Background/objective
Despite numerous advances in dentistry, the frequency of dental caries remains high, especially among children. Therefore, the study's objectives were to assess the prevalence of dental caries in school-aged children between ages 6–14 years, to identify the risk factors associated with dental caries and to explore parents' understanding and awareness of preventing dental caries among children.
Method
A mixed method study was conducted in the rural areas of Cuttack and Jagatsinghpur districts in Odisha, India. Children were chosen from schools using a multistage sampling process. Pretested and standardised questionnaires were utilized to collect data from children, while interviews with parents and teachers were employed to collect qualitative data. The DMFT/DEFT index was calculated for children. Data were analysed using frequency, percentage and binary multiple logistic regression analysis. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.
Result
A total of 419 children, 14 parents, and 12 teachers participated in the study. The findings of the current study reported the prevalence of dental caries in 60 % of children. In addition, age, a high frequency of sugar and chocolate consumption, and poor socioeconomic status were found to be associated with a high risk of dental caries. Furthermore, the results of the thematic analysis indicated parent and teacher awareness and understanding of dental caries; however, it highlights the need for improved oral health practices.
Conclusion
These insights from qualitative and quantitative findings can guide the development and improvement of preventive interventions to combat dental caries through implementing oral health programs in schools, thereby fostering better oral health and overall well-being among the younger population.
{"title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and parental perspectives of dental caries in children in Odisha: A mixed-method study","authors":"Smrutirekha Mohanty , Deepanjali Behera , Snehasish Tripathy , Madhusmita Jena , Manas Ranjan Behera , Bhuputra Panda","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><p>Despite numerous advances in dentistry, the frequency of dental caries remains high, especially among children. Therefore, the study's objectives were to assess the prevalence of dental caries in school-aged children between ages 6–14 years, to identify the risk factors associated with dental caries and to explore parents' understanding and awareness of preventing dental caries among children.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A mixed method study was conducted in the rural areas of Cuttack and Jagatsinghpur districts in Odisha, India. Children were chosen from schools using a multistage sampling process. Pretested and standardised questionnaires were utilized to collect data from children, while interviews with parents and teachers were employed to collect qualitative data. The DMFT/DEFT index was calculated for children. Data were analysed using frequency, percentage and binary multiple logistic regression analysis. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>A total of 419 children, 14 parents, and 12 teachers participated in the study. The findings of the current study reported the prevalence of dental caries in 60 % of children. In addition, age, a high frequency of sugar and chocolate consumption, and poor socioeconomic status were found to be associated with a high risk of dental caries. Furthermore, the results of the thematic analysis indicated parent and teacher awareness and understanding of dental caries; however, it highlights the need for improved oral health practices.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These insights from qualitative and quantitative findings can guide the development and improvement of preventive interventions to combat dental caries through implementing oral health programs in schools, thereby fostering better oral health and overall well-being among the younger population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002458/pdfft?md5=7f9a3cd7b28a1eca0f78f0647dbdd6ed&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002458-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ventilator-related errors (VREs) pose a critical concern for patient safety, necessitating a thorough understanding and mitigation strategies within healthcare settings. This study delves into the prevalence of VREs, while examining the nurse's knowledge of VREs and their reporting attitudes, and practices.
Study design
Cross sectional analytical study.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 129 nurses working in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a major tertiary care hospital located in the southern part of India. The study involved the administration of a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey questionnaire.
Results
The findings demonstrate a deficiency in the comprehension of VREs among ICU nurses, which subsequently affects their attitudes and reporting practices. Only a small percentage of nurses possess good knowledge (13.2 %), attitude (7 %), and reporting practices (5.4 %). Many nurses identified issues with ventilator performance, including component failure (17 %), design issues (14 %), and alarm problems (14 %). They also reported battery-related problems (9 %), lack of awareness of the instruction manual (7 %), software challenges (6 %), and wear and tear (6 %). A significant association between VRE knowledge and staff experience (p < 0.05) and attitude (P < 0.001) was found. Reporting practices are influenced by staff attitudes (moderate, P < 0.001; good, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
This study highlights the significant impact of VRE on patient safety, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive understanding and effective preventative measures in healthcare settings.
{"title":"“Knowledge, attitude and reporting practices of ventilator-related errors among nursing professionals\"","authors":"Zerin Ziaudeen , Selvam Jesiah , Anusha Dakshinamoorthi , Priestly Vivekkumar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Ventilator-related errors (VREs) pose a critical concern for patient safety, necessitating a thorough understanding and mitigation strategies within healthcare settings. This study delves into the prevalence of VREs, while examining the nurse's knowledge of VREs and their reporting attitudes, and practices.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Cross sectional analytical study.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 129 nurses working in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a major tertiary care hospital located in the southern part of India. The study involved the administration of a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey questionnaire.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings demonstrate a deficiency in the comprehension of VREs among ICU nurses, which subsequently affects their attitudes and reporting practices. Only a small percentage of nurses possess good knowledge (13.2 %), attitude (7 %), and reporting practices (5.4 %). Many nurses identified issues with ventilator performance, including component failure (17 %), design issues (14 %), and alarm problems (14 %). They also reported battery-related problems (9 %), lack of awareness of the instruction manual (7 %), software challenges (6 %), and wear and tear (6 %). A significant association between VRE knowledge and staff experience (p < 0.05) and attitude (P < 0.001) was found. Reporting practices are influenced by staff attitudes (moderate, P < 0.001; good, P < 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study highlights the significant impact of VRE on patient safety, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive understanding and effective preventative measures in healthcare settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002483/pdfft?md5=deeafb7d2a9af221536c888c7904bf12&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002483-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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