Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"RSV Infection in One Year Olds: measuring economic and epidemiologic burden during five seasonal waves in Italy (2015–2020)","authors":"Manuela Martella ,&nbsp;Eleonora Cugudda ,&nbsp;Roberta Onorati ,&nbsp;Jacopo Lenzi ,&nbsp;Maria Michela Gianino","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection is a leading cause of respiratory illness, particularly among infants. The current research assesses the epidemiologic and economic impact of RSV infection in the Piedmont region among five seasonal waves between 2015 and 2020 among children younger than one year.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis of data from the hospital discharge database of infants under one year diagnosed with RSV infection was carried out. Hospitalisation costs were assessed through the Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) payment system. Multivariable logistic regression models were used for access to the Paediatric/Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the average DRG code allocated at discharge. Time-trend analyses were performed for hospital admissions and related spending during the defined timeframe by computing the Annual Percent Change (APC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 2980 hospitalisations, mostly males (54.7 %), mostly infants under six months of age (83.3 %), and 22.4 % non-Italian. The median cost for hospitalisation was ∼2800 euros. Multivariable regression models revealed a lower risk of assistance at the PICU/NICU for females (OR: 0.66, 95 %CI 0.50–0.86) and infants younger than 3 months (OR [3–6 months] 0.3, 95 %CI 0.21–0.44; OR [≥6 months] 0.17, 95 %CI 0.09–0.32). The allocation of a DRG code higher than 2800 Euros at discharge was lower for children between 3 and 6 months (OR: 0.82, 95 % CI 0.69–0.98) and non-Italian patients (OR: 0.71, 95 %CI 0.60–0.85). A significant upward trend of hospitalisation rate for males (26.4 %), females (22.4 %) and non-Italian (38.2 %) children was found. The spending trends for overall seasonal spending and DRGs over 2800 Euros resulted in a significant increasing APC (23.8 % and 27.9 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A significantly upward epidemiological trend of RSV-related hospitalisation, with increasing admissions to PICU/NICU, and the rise of seasonal spending and hospitalisation average costs represent a valuable barometer for further investment in novel preventive measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of body mass index on long COVID: Predisposing factors, symptom severity, and functional status in a Spanish cohort of COVID-19 patients","authors":"María Gabriela Torres-Romero ,&nbsp;Nicolás Escrivá ,&nbsp;Elena Barado ,&nbsp;Laura Moreno-Galarraga ,&nbsp;Alejandro Fernandez-Montero","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Long COVID (LC) refers to a collection of symptoms that persist or emerge after an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is a complex, multi-system condition that significantly affects quality of life. While obesity is a well-known risk factor for severe acute COVID-19, its role in the development and severity of LC remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the association between pre-infection Body Mass Index (BMI) and LC, as well as its impact on symptom type, their severity, and functional status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This case-control study included 315 participants with prior confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants were classified as LC cases or controls based on WHO criteria. Data was collected via an online self-reported survey. BMI prior to COVID-19 was categorized as underweight, normal weight, or overweight/obesity. Functional impairment was assessed using the Post-COVID Functional Status (PCFS) scale, models were used to examine associations, adjusting for potential confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with overweight/obesity were associated with an increased developing LC (OR 2.85; 95 % CI 1.38–5.87) and experiencing moderate to severe functional limitations (OR 2.65; 95 % CI 1.32–5.31), compared to those with normal weight. Obesity was also associated with a higher likelihood of developing specific LC symptoms, including asthenia, dyspnea, headache, brain fog, anxiety, and myalgia. Underweight status showed less consistent associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Pre-infection obesity is an independent factor for the development LC and its functional consequences. Individuals with obesity may be considered a high-risk group and prioritized in public health strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of cervical cancer, associated risk factors, and practice of cervical cancer screening among female students in higher education institutions in Buea, Cameroon, a cross-sectional study","authors":"Elisabeth Menkem Zeuko'o ,&nbsp;Awungafac Tendem ,&nbsp;Eleonore Ngounou ,&nbsp;Thomas Obinchemti Egbe","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>In Cameroon, women's cancer-related mortality is primarily caused by cervical cancer. Young girls of childbearing age are exposed due to little or no knowledge of cervical cancer. This study aims to assess the knowledge of cervical cancer, associated risk factors, and practice of cervical cancer screening among girls in higher institutions of Buea.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study is a cross-sectional survey conducted among girls enrolled in Buea's higher education institutions from December 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023. A multistage sampling strategy was used to enroll 500 participants in total for the study. Data were gathered using a semi-structured questionnaire that had been pretested. To ascertain their level of knowledge and practices, they were scored. The highest score on this scale was 13 for the level of knowledge, a 50 % cutoff point was used where a score of 7 and above was considered adequate knowledge, while a score of less than 7 was classified as inadequate knowledge. Also, the highest score on this scale was 6 for the practices, a 50 % cutoff point was used where a score of 3 and above was considered good practice, while a score of less than 3 is classified as poor practice.</div><div>Using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models, factors related to knowledge of cervical cancer were found. A p-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 500 participants took part in the study with about 180 (36 %) having good knowledge with 320(64 %) having inadequate knowledge about HPV. Also, 12 (2 %)were screened for cervical cancer and had good practice of cervical cancer screening with 488(97.6 %) having poor practice. Muslim's participants were at higher risk of inadequate knowledge on cervical cancer than Christians (AOR 15.75; 95 % CI: 1.60,55.28, P = 0.018). About 18 (3.6 %) displayed family history of cervical cancer, 215 (57 %) resulted from smoking, 207 (58.6 %) consumed alcoholic products 207 (41.4 %) used oral contraceptive and 37 (13.6 %) had multiple sexual partners which were lifestyle factors associated with cervical cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The level of knowledge on cervical cancer and the practice of cervical cancer screening were poor among participants. Lifestyle factors were family history, smoking, alcohol consumption, oral contraceptive and multiple sexual partners. Therefore, health education campaigns, improving access to screening facilities, addressing barriers like cost and fear is necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend analysis of stroke mortality in China from 2002 to 2021","authors":"Yu Tian ,&nbsp;Pei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>This study aims to analyze trend of stroke mortality in China in recent 20 years in rural and urban area between male and female, to focus on specific regions and population that need to improve treatment and health promotion to reduce mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyze the mortality in urban and rural area from China Health Statistics Yearbook (2003–2022). The trend of crude mortality and age-standardized mortality were analyzed by region, gender and age. Joinpoint 5.3.0.0 was used to analyze the trend.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Crude mortality in urban and rural area showed a fluctuating increase from 2002 to 2021. Mortality in rural area was higher than in urban area, and males’ mortality was higher than females (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The average annual decrease rate of age-standardized mortality in urban area was 1.25 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while 0.71 % (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) in rural area. Stroke mortality increased with age, especially 60+ years old. Mortality of 85+ years old reached 3447.32/100,000 and 3803.66/100,000 in urban and rural area, respectively. Age-standardized mortality in urban and rural area decreased generally, but it showed an upward trend for 85+ years old, with an average annual increase rate of 1.40 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in rural area.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In rural area, male and the elderly, especially 85+ years old, are high-risk population. Comprehensive prevention and control should be continuously strengthened. Health education could develop healthy lifestyles. First aid training could recognize the early syndromes. Establishing Stroke Alliance can integrate medical resources between urban and rural areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific associations between body composition, lifestyle habits, and skin autofluorescence-detected advanced glycation end-products in a sample of Japanese young adults","authors":"Makoto Ohtsuki ,&nbsp;Akinobu Nishimura ,&nbsp;Kazuki Kanayama ,&nbsp;Yusuke Wakasugi ,&nbsp;Yuki Aikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in aging and chronic disease pathogenesis. However, sex-specific associations between AGE accumulation, body composition, and lifestyle factors in healthy adolescents and young adults remain insufficiently explored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 153 healthy Japanese individuals aged 10–29 years (58 males, 95 females), recruited from nutrition-related events at universities and high schools in Mie Prefecture. AGE accumulation was measured via skin autofluorescence (SAF). Body composition (BMI, fat mass, muscle mass) was assessed using the InBody 470 bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Lifestyle factors (dietary balance, exercise, sleep) and subjective health perception were evaluated via structured questionnaires. Correlation, chi-square, and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons in univariate analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among males, SAF was negatively correlated with muscle mass (r = −0.268, p = 0.042), but the association was not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. In females, a significant association between imbalanced dietary intake and higher AGE accumulation remained significant after Bonferroni correction (p = 0.005) and was further supported by multivariate regression (β = 0.037, p = 0.042). Logistic regression confirmed imbalanced dietary intake increased the odds of high AGE accumulation (OR = 2.43, 95 % CI: 1.02–5.47, p = 0.045).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While causality cannot be inferred from this cross-sectional study, results underscore the relevance of lifestyle behaviors in AGE accumulation among Japanese youth. Findings may inform sex-sensitive dietary education and health promotion strategies to support healthy aging from early life stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of infectious diseases under the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) from a tertiary care hospital in Chandigarh, India","authors":"S.R. Ravikumar ,&nbsp;Meenu Kalia ,&nbsp;Varsha Gupta ,&nbsp;Manishika Sharma ,&nbsp;Ribhav Thakur","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Infectious diseases continue to number among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in a number of developing countries, including India. The Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) was established by the Government of India in 2004 to monitor trends related to the testing and diagnosis of common infections, with one objective being to periodically update programs against infectious diseases based on the data obtained.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study analyses data for 11 diseases, reported as part of the IDSP to Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh from 2020 to 2023; rare or clinically-diagnosed conditions were excluded from this analysis. Data analyzed includes percentage of positive cases, and linear trends of each disease.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Significant positive trends were observed for Chikungunya (r = 0.203), Viral Hepatitis A (r = 0.307), and Typhoid (r = 0.436); on the other hand, the incidence of Leptospirosis (r = −0.307), Shigella (r = −0.183), and Scrub Typhus (r = −0.389) were seen to decline during the same period. Dengue and Chikungunya were also associated with seasonal variations, with both diseases peaking in winter.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study emphasize the need for improved control of those infectious diseases which show increasing secular trends; in particular, the rise of Typhoid and Hepatitis A may indicate the need for improved control of fecal-oral transmission. The fall in Scrub Typhus, which runs counter to the prevailing national trend, may indicate the increased effectiveness of decentralized disease control programs. Insight gained from this study and other community-based studies is essential to guide effective policy-making and program implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Screening practices for breast cancer among women in Odisha: A community-based study","authors":"Saumyasree Pradhan ,&nbsp;Srinivas Bishoyi ,&nbsp;Soumalaya Ghosh ,&nbsp;Manjunatha Vk ,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar Rathore ,&nbsp;Mukesh Kumar Sahoo ,&nbsp;Hemeswari Bhuyan ,&nbsp;Amitosh Dandsena ,&nbsp;Jyoti Rath ,&nbsp;Jyoti Ranjan Mohanty ,&nbsp;Paramjot Panda","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In developing countries such as India, women's knowledge of breast cancer screening remains limited. This study investigated women's knowledge of breast cancer and their screening uptake behaviour in eastern India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1506 women aged 18 years and above in urban and rural areas of Odisha, India. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were used to examine socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Knowledge scores were generated to assess awareness of breast cancer, breast self-examination (BSE), and mammography.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the participants, 1158 women demonstrated a medium level of overall cancer knowledge (mean score 1.00, SD 0.01). Higher knowledge scores were observed among married women, those with a graduate degree, and those from smaller families. Dependent women showed comparatively higher knowledge than employed or self-employed participants. Knowledge of BSE and mammography was poorer among women from medium- and low-income households. Most participants reported neither performing BSE nor undergoing mammography. The main reasons for not engaging in screening included lack of awareness, absence of a doctor's referral, perceived youthfulness, limited time during free screening opportunities, and unavailability of facilities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Knowledge and practice of breast cancer screening among women in Odisha remain inadequate. Awareness campaigns and improved accessibility of screening services are urgently required to overcome barriers and promote early detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, etiology and risk factors of culture confirmed, nosocomial late onset neonatal sepsis in Western Mexico","authors":"Matthijs Christiaan Boom ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Lona-Reyes ,&nbsp;Mirjam M. van Weissenbruch ,&nbsp;Tessa de Baat ,&nbsp;Lucía Miramontes-Buiza ,&nbsp;Larissa María Gómez-Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Neonatal sepsis is an urgent global problem, as it is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. The objectives of this study are to determine the rate of late onset sepsis (LOS) in a large university hospital in Mexico, to investigate what pathogens are causing LOS and in particular what part of them are not adequately covered by initial empiric treatment, and to objectify risk factors for LOS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective case control study was performed in Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca” (HCGJIM) from October 2021 to April 2023. Each episode of culture proven LOS was included as a case. For each case a control was matched based on gestational age ± 7 days and birthweight ± 200 g.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LOS rate was 16.95 per 1000 newborns. 30.4 % of the pathogens causing LOS were not adequately covered by initial empiric treatment. Multivariable analysis revealed that central venous catheters (OR 3.65, 95 %CI 1.60–8.31, p = 0.002), total parenteral nutrition (OR 2.44, 95 %CI 1.32–4.49, p = 0.004), mechanical ventilation (OR 2.34, 95 %CI 1.31–4.20, p = 0.004) and surgery (OR 5.51, 95 %CI 2.60–11.72, p &lt; 0.001) were independently associated with LOS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that HCGJIM has a high LOS rate with a large number of bacteria that are not adequately covered by initial empiric treatment. Additionally, this article affirms several risk factors for LOS, highlighting the importance of improvement of neonatal care in order to lower the rate of LOS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household pollutants, housing condition and cataracts among older adults in India: A rural-urban perspective","authors":"Priyotosh Laha ,&nbsp;Paramita Majumdar ,&nbsp;Aparajita Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Cataracts are one of the leading causes of visual impairment accounting for 17.7 million globally and 80% of blindness in India. This study tries to capture various household environmental factors like type of fuel used, dampness, smoke emitting substances and rural-urban differentials in the prevalence of cataracts among older adults aged 60 years and above in India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India. The outcome variable for the study is ‘self-reported cataract’ and the explanatory variables range from socio-economic factors, health and exposure factors like exposure to smoke and dampness. Multivariable logistic regressions and Blinder-Oaxaca decompositions were used for the analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study found that the prevalence of cataracts is higher in urban areas (30%) compared to rural areas (21%) where people use a variety of pollutants. The internal environment of the house comprising of dampness, smoke emitting substances (agarbatti and liquid vaporizer), and use of unclean fuel increase the risk of cataracts. Health risk factors linked to urban lifestyle such as diabetes and hypertension, use of substances like liquid vaporizers, and pucca houses widen the urban-rural gap in cataract prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Urban areas are at an advantage over rural areas in terms of awareness and healthcare support to combat cataracts, but compromised household environment can augment the growth of cataracts among older urban adults. This study highlights the need for local-needs-based policies to combat this silent pandemic of cataracts in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of premature rupture of membrane among pregnant women in Horo Guduru Wallaga zone, Western Oromia, Ethiopia: A case-control study","authors":"Bekan Gudata Gindaba,&nbsp;Damiso Geneti Dinagde,&nbsp;Firaol Manigste Moges","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Premature rupture of membranes (PROM), occurring after 28 weeks of gestation but before labor, is a major obstetric problem linked to poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Most studies on PROM have used cross-sectional designs, and none have examined its determinants in the Horo Guduru Wallaga Zone. This study, therefore, aimed to identify factors associated with PROM using a case-control design in public hospitals of the zone.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from June 20, 2024, to August 20, 2024, involving 314 samples (80 cases and 234 controls). The cases consisted of pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes between 28 and 42 weeks of gestation, while the controls were pregnant women between 28 and 42 weeks of gestation without premature rupture of membranes. Cases were selected consecutively, and controls were chosen using systematic sampling. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.10 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Candidate variables were identified using binary logistic regression with a p-value &lt;0.25 for multivariable analysis. Statistical significance was determined at a p-value &lt;0.05<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 314 pregnant women, 314 (80 cases and 234 controls) participated in the study. The result of this study showed that history of abortion [(AOR = 2.4,95 % CI: (1.21,4.78)] history of premature rupture of the membrane[(AOR = 3.56,95 %CI:(1.75,7.22)], polyhydramnios [(AOR = 3.53,95 %CI:(1.67,7.43)] and under nutrition [(AOR = 3.00, 95 % CI: (1.62,5.57)] were determinants of premature rupture of the membrane.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>From this study, the history of abortion, premature ruptures of membrane, polyhydramnios, and undernutrition during pregnancy were potential determinants of premature rupture of membrane. Therefore, women with a history of abortion, polyhydramnios, under-nutrition, and pre-mature rupture of membrane should be paid attention to by health care providers to mitigate the occurrence of premature rupture of membrane.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 102188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}