Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101834
Vignesh Loganathan, Ismail Zabiulla Rifai, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
Objective
To describe the change in mean and shape of the distributions of blood pressure (BP) and random blood glucose (RBG) of adults aged 15–49 between two consecutive rounds of the National Family Health Survey in India.
Study design and methods
We analyzed the data of adults aged 15–49 from the household datasets of NFHS 4 (2015–16) and 5 (2019–21). Both surveys used identical two-stage sampling and methodology. Three BP readings with 5-min intervals using a digital sphygmomanometer and FreeStyle Optium H (NFHS-4) or Accu-Chek Performa glucometer (NFHS-5) were used for RBG testing. Descriptive statistics and absolute change for BP and RBG were estimated, and mean-difference plots (m-d plots) were used to compare the distributions in the two surveys.
Results
We analyzed data of 1,207,535 and 767,454 adults aged 15–49 years for blood pressure and 1,295,357 and 799,833 for the glucose distribution from NFHS 5 and NFHS 4, respectively. The mean increase between the two surveys in SBP, DBP and RBG was 4.23 mmHg (95 % C.I. 4.20–4.28), 1.95 mmHg (95 % C.I. 1.92–1.98), and 7.43 mg/dL (95 % C.I. 7.35–7.51), respectively. The m-d plots showed a rightward shift in the distribution of SBP, DBP, and RBG in NFHS 5 compared to NFHS 4.
Conclusion
The increasing trend of mean blood pressure and blood glucose and the rightward shift of the blood pressure and blood glucose distributions calls for prioritizing the national and state-level strategies for preventing NCDs, with increased focus on implementing population-level interventions.
{"title":"What happened to the distribution of the blood pressure and random blood glucose of the Indian adult population between 2015 and 2021?","authors":"Vignesh Loganathan, Ismail Zabiulla Rifai, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the change in mean and shape of the distributions of blood pressure (BP) and random blood glucose (RBG) of adults aged 15–49 between two consecutive rounds of the National Family Health Survey in India.</div></div><div><h3>Study design and methods</h3><div>We analyzed the data of adults aged 15–49 from the household datasets of NFHS 4 (2015–16) and 5 (2019–21). Both surveys used identical two-stage sampling and methodology. Three BP readings with 5-min intervals using a digital sphygmomanometer and FreeStyle Optium H (NFHS-4) or Accu-Chek Performa glucometer (NFHS-5) were used for RBG testing. Descriptive statistics and absolute change for BP and RBG were estimated, and mean-difference plots (m-d plots) were used to compare the distributions in the two surveys.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We analyzed data of 1,207,535 and 767,454 adults aged 15–49 years for blood pressure and 1,295,357 and 799,833 for the glucose distribution from NFHS 5 and NFHS 4, respectively. The mean increase between the two surveys in SBP, DBP and RBG was 4.23 mmHg (95 % C.I. 4.20–4.28), 1.95 mmHg (95 % C.I. 1.92–1.98), and 7.43 mg/dL (95 % C.I. 7.35–7.51), respectively. The m-d plots showed a rightward shift in the distribution of SBP, DBP, and RBG in NFHS 5 compared to NFHS 4.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The increasing trend of mean blood pressure and blood glucose and the rightward shift of the blood pressure and blood glucose distributions calls for prioritizing the national and state-level strategies for preventing NCDs, with increased focus on implementing population-level interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101856
Rupon Basumatary , Simi Kalita , Himakshi Bharadwaj
Aim
To analyse older adults’ self-rated health (SRH) in the northeastern region (NER) of India.
Methods
This study uses data from the 75th round survey on Household Social Consumption: Health conducted by the National Statistical Office (NSO), India, during July 2017–June 2018. The sample for the present consists of 3988 persons aged 60 years and above. Binary logistic regression procedure has been used to identify the determinants of SRH of the older adults.
Results
More than three-fourth of the older adults in the region perceive their health as ‘good’ or ‘very good’. Older adults' SRH varies with their demographic and socioeconomic profiles.
Conclusion
In the context of the NER, creating employment opportunities for the older adults may be of policy importance in the light of the fact that the majority of them report good or very good health but remain dependent on others financially – partially or fully. Achieving ‘healthy ageing’, as defined by WHO, nevertheless requires measures that goes beyond financial independence of the older adults to support their mental health and social wellbeing as well. Future studies may focus on older adults' objective health, health risks protection and their labor market participation in the region.
{"title":"Self-rated health of the older adults in the northeastern region of India: Extent and determinants","authors":"Rupon Basumatary , Simi Kalita , Himakshi Bharadwaj","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To analyse older adults’ self-rated health (SRH) in the northeastern region (NER) of India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study uses data from the 75th round survey on <em>Household Social Consumption: Health</em> conducted by the National Statistical Office (NSO), India, during July 2017–June 2018. The sample for the present consists of 3988 persons aged 60 years and above. Binary logistic regression procedure has been used to identify the determinants of SRH of the older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More than three-fourth of the older adults in the region perceive their health as ‘good’ or ‘very good’. Older adults' SRH varies with their demographic and socioeconomic profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In the context of the NER, creating employment opportunities for the older adults may be of policy importance in the light of the fact that the majority of them report good or very good health but remain dependent on others financially – partially or fully. Achieving ‘healthy ageing’, as defined by WHO, nevertheless requires measures that goes beyond financial independence of the older adults to support their mental health and social wellbeing as well. Future studies may focus on older adults' objective health, health risks protection and their labor market participation in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101854
Christian R. Mejia , Jhosselyn I. Chacon , Yuvitza S. Aliaga , Krisna J. Huamani , Adán José Doria Velarde , Victor Serna-Alarcón , Dennis Arias-Chávez , Aldo Álvarez-Risco , Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales , Neal M. Davies , Jaime A. Yáñez
Introduction
Isolation of people needs significant support, potentially impacting their mental well-being for future assignments.
Objective
This study aimed to examine whether the military institution or other factors were associated with changes in the mental health of Peruvian navy and army personnel in Antarctica.
Methods
The exploratory study employed a prospective cohort design, conducting surveys at two different points during the trip. Various factors such as stress, anxiety, depression (measured using DASS-21), and post-traumatic stress (measured using SPRINT-E) were assessed, alongside other variables.
Results
The outcomes indicated noteworthy changes in the participants' scores. Specifically, stress scores increased among navy personnel but decreased in the army. Moreover, anxiety scores decreased among those with previous trips and increased among those without. Additionally, anxiety scores remained stable in the navy but decreased in the army. Furthermore, depression scores increased in the navy and decreased in the army. The study also found that older age was associated with higher post-traumatic stress scores. Additionally, post-traumatic stress scores decreased among those with technical studies and increased among those with university studies.
Conclusion
The exploratory findings suggest that the institution to which the personnel belonged and other characteristics of the delegations may be linked to changes in the scores of the evaluated mental health factors. These findings could offer valuable insights for future delegations facing similar conditions. Future studies should increase the sample size to allow for a more detailed analysis of the effects and to enhance the generalizability of the findings.
{"title":"Factors linked with the modification of mental health score of Peruvian personnel in Machu Picchu Antarctica base","authors":"Christian R. Mejia , Jhosselyn I. Chacon , Yuvitza S. Aliaga , Krisna J. Huamani , Adán José Doria Velarde , Victor Serna-Alarcón , Dennis Arias-Chávez , Aldo Álvarez-Risco , Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales , Neal M. Davies , Jaime A. Yáñez","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Isolation of people needs significant support, potentially impacting their mental well-being for future assignments.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to examine whether the military institution or other factors were associated with changes in the mental health of Peruvian navy and army personnel in Antarctica.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The exploratory study employed a prospective cohort design, conducting surveys at two different points during the trip. Various factors such as stress, anxiety, depression (measured using DASS-21), and post-traumatic stress (measured using SPRINT-E) were assessed, alongside other variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The outcomes indicated noteworthy changes in the participants' scores. Specifically, stress scores increased among navy personnel but decreased in the army. Moreover, anxiety scores decreased among those with previous trips and increased among those without. Additionally, anxiety scores remained stable in the navy but decreased in the army. Furthermore, depression scores increased in the navy and decreased in the army. The study also found that older age was associated with higher post-traumatic stress scores. Additionally, post-traumatic stress scores decreased among those with technical studies and increased among those with university studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The exploratory findings suggest that the institution to which the personnel belonged and other characteristics of the delegations may be linked to changes in the scores of the evaluated mental health factors. These findings could offer valuable insights for future delegations facing similar conditions. Future studies should increase the sample size to allow for a more detailed analysis of the effects and to enhance the generalizability of the findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101855
Ajay Dutta, Ajay Murmu
Background
India, despite its traditional societal values, faces a significant public health challenge with its high prevalence of HIV/AIDS, ranking third globally in the number of people living with HIV. Therefore, HIV testing serves as a critical entry point for HIV prevention, treatment and care, yet testing rates among men remain low. The study aims to explore the prevalence of HIV testing among men aged 15–54 in India and identify the key determinants influencing testing behaviour.
Data & method
Data were drawn from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019–21. The analysis was carried out with 58,465 samples. The outcome variable was ever tested for HIV among men aged 15–54. Independent variables include a wide range of socio-economic, demographic, and behavioural factors. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data.
Result
The study estimated that 12.6 % of men aged 29 and above, 12.4 % of married men, 15.9 % of men who had higher education, 17.6 % of men who had paid for sex, and 25 % of men engaging in high-risk sexual behaviour have been tested for HIV. Results from the binary logistic regression indicate that several factors were significantly associated with HIV testing, including age, marital status, religion, place of residence, educational level, wealth quintile, occupation, alcohol consumption, media exposure, paid for sex in the last 12 months, sexual intercourse with others, genital discharge, risky sexual behaviour, and health insurance coverage were significantly associated with HIV testing.
Conclusion
The findings suggest a tailored approach to formulate effective policies considering HIV testing among men and increasing awareness of the negative implications of not getting an HIV test.
背景印度尽管有着传统的社会价值观，但由于其艾滋病毒/艾滋病的高流行率，面临着重大的公共卫生挑战，其艾滋病毒感染者人数在全球排名第三。因此，HIV 检测是 HIV 预防、治疗和护理的关键切入点，但男性的检测率仍然很低。本研究旨在探讨印度 15-54 岁男性的 HIV 检测流行率，并确定影响检测行为的关键决定因素。数据和样本；方法数据来自 2019-21 年第五轮全国家庭健康调查（NFHS-5）。分析对象为 58,465 个样本。结果变量为 15-54 岁男性中曾经接受过 HIV 检测的人数。自变量包括一系列社会经济、人口和行为因素。研究估计，29 岁及以上男性中有 12.6%、已婚男性中有 12.4%、受过高等教育的男性中有 15.9%、有偿性行为的男性中有 17.6%、从事高危性行为的男性中有 25%接受过艾滋病毒检测。二元逻辑回归结果表明，年龄、婚姻状况、宗教信仰、居住地、教育程度、财富五分位数、职业、饮酒量、媒体接触、过去 12 个月中有偿性行为、与他人性交、生殖器分泌物、高危性行为和医疗保险覆盖率等几个因素与艾滋病毒检测显著相关。
{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of HIV testing among men in India: Insights from NFHS-5","authors":"Ajay Dutta, Ajay Murmu","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>India, despite its traditional societal values, faces a significant public health challenge with its high prevalence of HIV/AIDS, ranking third globally in the number of people living with HIV. Therefore, HIV testing serves as a critical entry point for HIV prevention, treatment and care, yet testing rates among men remain low. The study aims to explore the prevalence of HIV testing among men aged 15–54 in India and identify the key determinants influencing testing behaviour.</div></div><div><h3>Data & method</h3><div>Data were drawn from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019–21. The analysis was carried out with 58,465 samples. The outcome variable was ever tested for HIV among men aged 15–54. Independent variables include a wide range of socio-economic, demographic, and behavioural factors. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The study estimated that 12.6 % of men aged 29 and above, 12.4 % of married men, 15.9 % of men who had higher education, 17.6 % of men who had paid for sex, and 25 % of men engaging in high-risk sexual behaviour have been tested for HIV. Results from the binary logistic regression indicate that several factors were significantly associated with HIV testing, including age, marital status, religion, place of residence, educational level, wealth quintile, occupation, alcohol consumption, media exposure, paid for sex in the last 12 months, sexual intercourse with others, genital discharge, risky sexual behaviour, and health insurance coverage were significantly associated with HIV testing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest a tailored approach to formulate effective policies considering HIV testing among men and increasing awareness of the negative implications of not getting an HIV test.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101855"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101835
Shymaa Mamdouh Mohamed Abdu , Assem Gebreal , Safar Abadi Alsaleem , Moath S. Aljohani , Suzan Abdel-Rahman , Mohamed Fakhry Hussein , Nada Ibrahim , Iffat Elbarazi , Samah Hussein , Omar Shamma , Ahmed Elsayed said Noureldin , Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
Background
Climate change is an enduring global phenomenon that describes a long-lasting effect of change in weather and temperature of the earth. This study aimed to validate an Arabic version of the Climate Anxiety Scale (ACAS) to assess the anxiety associated with climate change.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted using both online via Google Forms and face-to-face via hard copies, in five Arab countries, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, Saudia Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates). The internal consistency of the scale was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) conducted over principal component analysis assessed the scale dimensionality. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to investigate the EFA hypothesis of ACAS on anxiety about climate change.
Results
Of the 350 participants, 54.9 % were female, 77.7% lived in urban areas, 15.4% were from North Africa, 46.6 % were from Arab Gulf countries, and 38.0 % were from Bilad Al-Sham. Nearly two-thirds (62.3%) were single, 72.3% had a university degree, 94.9% were aware of climate change, 38.3 % participated in environmental protection programs, and 62.3% reported climate-related anxiety. The item content validity index (CVI) was 0.82–1.00, and the scale CVI (S-CVI) was 0.95. Overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.925 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.902–0.940]. The Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) test was 0.93, and Bartlett's test was significant (χ2 = 2762.6 p < 0.001). Bifactor model indices showed high explained common variance (ECV) (0.78), ωH (0.85), relative omega (0.91), H index (0.93), and factor determinacy (FD) (0.96) for the general factor. The general factor explained 78% of the common variance, whereas the group factors shared 22.0%. Model reliability coefficient omega (omega/omega S) for general factor, functional domain, and cognitive domain were 0.94, 0.92, and 0.89, respectively, suggesting a satisfactory fit threshold.
Conclusions
The ACAS tool is valid and reliable for assessing anxiety-related climate change among the Arab Population.
{"title":"Arabic validation and cross-cultural adaptation of climate anxiety scale","authors":"Shymaa Mamdouh Mohamed Abdu , Assem Gebreal , Safar Abadi Alsaleem , Moath S. Aljohani , Suzan Abdel-Rahman , Mohamed Fakhry Hussein , Nada Ibrahim , Iffat Elbarazi , Samah Hussein , Omar Shamma , Ahmed Elsayed said Noureldin , Ramy Mohamed Ghazy","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Climate change is an enduring global phenomenon that describes a long-lasting effect of change in weather and temperature of the earth. This study aimed to validate an Arabic version of the Climate Anxiety Scale (ACAS) to assess the anxiety associated with climate change.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted using both online via Google Forms and face-to-face via hard copies, in five Arab countries, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, Saudia Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates). The internal consistency of the scale was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) conducted over principal component analysis assessed the scale dimensionality. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to investigate the EFA hypothesis of ACAS on anxiety about climate change.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 350 participants, 54.9 % were female, 77.7% lived in urban areas, 15.4% were from North Africa, 46.6 % were from Arab Gulf countries, and 38.0 % were from Bilad Al-Sham. Nearly two-thirds (62.3%) were single, 72.3% had a university degree, 94.9% were aware of climate change, 38.3 % participated in environmental protection programs, and 62.3% reported climate-related anxiety. The item content validity index (CVI) was 0.82–1.00, and the scale CVI (S-CVI) was 0.95. Overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.925 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.902–0.940]. The Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) test was 0.93, and Bartlett's test was significant (χ2 = 2762.6 p < 0.001). Bifactor model indices showed high explained common variance (ECV) (0.78), ωH (0.85), relative omega (0.91), H index (0.93), and factor determinacy (FD) (0.96) for the general factor. The general factor explained 78% of the common variance, whereas the group factors shared 22.0%. Model reliability coefficient omega (omega/omega S) for general factor, functional domain, and cognitive domain were 0.94, 0.92, and 0.89, respectively, suggesting a satisfactory fit threshold.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The ACAS tool is valid and reliable for assessing anxiety-related climate change among the Arab Population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101839
S. Vineetha , Mubeena Haleema , Abhay S. Nirgude
Context
Patient Satisfaction is the strongest determinant of hospital functioning and is an indirect or proxy indicator of the quality of doctor.
Aims
The study aims to assess maternal satisfaction with healthcare services during childbirth during hospital stay, explore factors influencing satisfaction, and assess the perceptions of both mothers and their bystanders regarding the healthcare services provided.
Methods and material
It is a sequential explanatory mixed method study conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department in a tertiary college hospital among 291 pregnant women admitted for childbirth. Quantitative data obtained using expert validated questionnaire was entered in an Excel sheet and analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 23. Descriptive statistics were reported as median (IQR) for continuous variables and as frequencies and proportions for categorical variables. Normality was tested using Shapiro Wilk test and to test significant difference in satisfaction scores across the variables Mann Whitney U test was used. For the qualitative phase, in-depth interview was conducted to explore factors determining patient satisfaction in healthcare services.
Results
Quantitative results showed that mothers were satisfied with the admission process, support given during breastfeeding, immunization and vaccination, health education and very satisfied with the privacy, doctors and nursing services, overall cleanliness. Qualitative results revealed the admission process was time consuming, overall cleanliness was poor, guidance on breast feeding and immunization and service provided by doctors and nurses are good.
Conclusion
The study concluded that while mothers were generally satisfied with healthcare services, particularly with support during breastfeeding, immunization, and doctor and nursing services, there were concerns about the admission process and overall cleanliness.
研究旨在评估产妇在住院期间对分娩医疗服务的满意度，探讨影响满意度的因素，并评估产妇及其旁观者对所提供医疗服务的看法。通过专家验证问卷获得的定量数据被输入 Excel 表格，并使用 IBM SPSS Version 23 进行分析。连续变量以中位数（IQR）表示，分类变量以频率和比例表示。使用 Shapiro Wilk 检验法检验正态性，并使用 Mann Whitney U 检验法检验各变量满意度得分的显著差异。定性结果显示，母亲对入院流程、母乳喂养期间的支持、免疫接种、健康教育表示满意，对隐私、医生和护理服务、整体清洁度表示非常满意。定性结果显示，入院程序耗时，整体清洁度较差，母乳喂养和免疫接种指导以及医生和护士提供的服务良好。结论研究得出结论，虽然母亲们普遍对医疗保健服务感到满意，尤其是母乳喂养期间的支持、免疫接种以及医生和护理服务，但对入院程序和整体清洁度表示担忧。
{"title":"Are the mothers admitted for childbirth in a tertiary care hospital satisfied with the health care services? A mixed methods study from Mangaluru, Karnataka state, India","authors":"S. Vineetha , Mubeena Haleema , Abhay S. Nirgude","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Patient Satisfaction is the strongest determinant of hospital functioning and is an indirect or proxy indicator of the quality of doctor.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The study aims to assess maternal satisfaction with healthcare services during childbirth during hospital stay, explore factors influencing satisfaction, and assess the perceptions of both mothers and their bystanders regarding the healthcare services provided.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and material</h3><div>It is a sequential explanatory mixed method study conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department in a tertiary college hospital among 291 pregnant women admitted for childbirth. Quantitative data obtained using expert validated questionnaire was entered in an Excel sheet and analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 23. Descriptive statistics were reported as median (IQR) for continuous variables and as frequencies and proportions for categorical variables. Normality was tested using Shapiro Wilk test and to test significant difference in satisfaction scores across the variables Mann Whitney <em>U</em> test was used. For the qualitative phase, in-depth interview was conducted to explore factors determining patient satisfaction in healthcare services.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Quantitative results showed that mothers were satisfied with the admission process, support given during breastfeeding, immunization and vaccination, health education and very satisfied with the privacy, doctors and nursing services, overall cleanliness. Qualitative results revealed the admission process was time consuming, overall cleanliness was poor, guidance on breast feeding and immunization and service provided by doctors and nurses are good.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study concluded that while mothers were generally satisfied with healthcare services, particularly with support during breastfeeding, immunization, and doctor and nursing services, there were concerns about the admission process and overall cleanliness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101839"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101843
Adeel A. Butt , Sherin Shams , Hanaa Nafady-Hego , Zain Bhutta , Atika Jabeen , Aimon B. Malik , Anil G. Thomas , Samah Saleem , Aftab M. Azad , Muna Almaslamani , Abdullatif Alkhal , Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
Background
Initial small, uncontrolled studies suggested a beneficial effect of azithromycin in individuals with COVID-19. However, subsequent studies have not confirmed its effectiveness. We assessed azithromycin usage before and during the pandemic in a national healthcare system in Qatar and the impact of implementation of evidence-based guidelines upon prescription rates.
Methods
Using electronic medical records, we retrieved all azithromycin prescriptions from 2019 to 2022 at the public healthcare system in Qatar which provides over 85 % of healthcare in Qatar. Azithromycin prescription numbers and rates/100,000 population were calculated and compared over time. A course was defined as any azithromycin prescription for ≥5 days with no gap of >10 days. Courses were considered COVID-19-related if prescribed −3 to +10 days post positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Prescription rates before and after the pandemic, and before and after evidence-based guidelines implementation (in June 2020) were compared.
Results
During the study period, 203,806 azithromycin courses were prescribed to 166,062 individuals. Overall number of courses increased in the first 2 quarters of 2020 (average 12,857/quarter in 2019 to average of 19,297 in Q1-Q2 of 2020) and then dropped to 9881/quarter over the next 6 quarters. COVID-19 related azithromycin courses peaked in.
2020-Q2 (13,691) and dropped to 2836 for 2020-Q3, 1410 for 2020-Q4; 5465 for 2021-Q1, and 4288 for 2021-Q2. Stringent COVID-19 guidelines in June 2020 rapidly reduced azithromycin usage.
Conclusions
Azithromycin prescriptions increased immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic, but rapidly declined immediately after implementing evidence-based guidelines.
{"title":"Azithromycin use before and during the COVID- 19 pandemic and the impact of implementing national evidence-based guidelines in Qatar","authors":"Adeel A. Butt , Sherin Shams , Hanaa Nafady-Hego , Zain Bhutta , Atika Jabeen , Aimon B. Malik , Anil G. Thomas , Samah Saleem , Aftab M. Azad , Muna Almaslamani , Abdullatif Alkhal , Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Initial small, uncontrolled studies suggested a beneficial effect of azithromycin in individuals with COVID-19. However, subsequent studies have not confirmed its effectiveness. We assessed azithromycin usage before and during the pandemic in a national healthcare system in Qatar and the impact of implementation of evidence-based guidelines upon prescription rates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using electronic medical records, we retrieved all azithromycin prescriptions from 2019 to 2022 at the public healthcare system in Qatar which provides over 85 % of healthcare in Qatar. Azithromycin prescription numbers and rates/100,000 population were calculated and compared over time. A course was defined as any azithromycin prescription for ≥5 days with no gap of >10 days. Courses were considered COVID-19-related if prescribed −3 to +10 days post positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Prescription rates before and after the pandemic, and before and after evidence-based guidelines implementation (in June 2020) were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the study period, 203,806 azithromycin courses were prescribed to 166,062 individuals. Overall number of courses increased in the first 2 quarters of 2020 (average 12,857/quarter in 2019 to average of 19,297 in Q1-Q2 of 2020) and then dropped to 9881/quarter over the next 6 quarters. COVID-19 related azithromycin courses peaked in.</div><div>2020-Q2 (13,691) and dropped to 2836 for 2020-Q3, 1410 for 2020-Q4; 5465 for 2021-Q1, and 4288 for 2021-Q2. Stringent COVID-19 guidelines in June 2020 rapidly reduced azithromycin usage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Azithromycin prescriptions increased immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic, but rapidly declined immediately after implementing evidence-based guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-risk pregnancies are defined by complications that increase the likelihood of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. In India, over 30 % of pregnancies are classified as high risk, contributing significantly to perinatal mortality if not managed appropriately. Pregnancy involves various physiological, physical, and emotional changes that can affect a woman's perception of her quality of life. In highrisk pregnancies, these natural changes may lead to more significant adverse outcomes for mother and the fetus.
Objectives
1. To identify the risk factors associated with high risk pregnancy. 2. To assess the quality of life among pregnant ladies attending attending a Taluk hospital.
Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted at the obstetric OPD in Karkala taluk hospital. At an absolute error of 8 % and 95 % confidence interval the minimum sample size was calculated to be 80. Through consecutive sampling,the study subjects were selected. Dutta and Das scoring and WHO QoL BREF questionnaire were used to identify the high risk pregnancy and QOL of the pregnant ladies respectively.
Results
Among the pregnant ladies who participated,18.8 % were high risk. The most common risk factors identified among them were previous abortion, caesarean section, anemia and bleeding PV There was significant association between quality of life and high risk pregnancy. 93.8 % of high risk pregnant ladies,66.7 % of moderate risk pregnant ladies and 12%of low risk pregnant ladies were having poor quality of life respectively.
Conclusion
High-risk pregnancies require specialized attention and comprehensive screening of physical, psychological, social, and environmental factors domains of quality of life.
{"title":"“Quality of life of high risk pregnant mothers residing in a rural community in Karnataka - A cross sectional study”","authors":"Meera Sasidharan, Raghavendra Huchchannavar, Nanjesh Kumar S, Saniya Rafeek, Pawan Kumar B, Preetham Shenoy M","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High-risk pregnancies are defined by complications that increase the likelihood of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. In India, over 30 % of pregnancies are classified as high risk, contributing significantly to perinatal mortality if not managed appropriately. Pregnancy involves various physiological, physical, and emotional changes that can affect a woman's perception of her quality of life. In highrisk pregnancies, these natural changes may lead to more significant adverse outcomes for mother and the fetus.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>1. To identify the risk factors associated with high risk pregnancy. 2. To assess the quality of life among pregnant ladies attending attending a Taluk hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross sectional study was conducted at the obstetric OPD in Karkala taluk hospital. At an absolute error of 8 % and 95 % confidence interval the minimum sample size was calculated to be 80. Through consecutive sampling,the study subjects were selected. Dutta and Das scoring and WHO QoL BREF questionnaire were used to identify the high risk pregnancy and QOL of the pregnant ladies respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the pregnant ladies who participated,18.8 % were high risk. The most common risk factors identified among them were previous abortion, caesarean section, anemia and bleeding PV There was significant association between quality of life and high risk pregnancy. 93.8 % of high risk pregnant ladies,66.7 % of moderate risk pregnant ladies and 12%of low risk pregnant ladies were having poor quality of life respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High-risk pregnancies require specialized attention and comprehensive screening of physical, psychological, social, and environmental factors domains of quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101861"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To report independently the sociodemographic and lifestyle parameters, the associations of fruit and vegetables intakes with blood HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), in men and women living in high consumption areas of Burkina Faso.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis using data from the first WHO Stepwise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS) survey conducted in Burkina Faso. The “Centre-Ouest” and “Nord” regions of Burkina Faso are identified as the areas of high fruit and vegetables consumption. Data from 602 adults living in these two regions and surveyed with the STEPS method were used. Descriptive and association analyses were performed.
Results
Participants with a typical daily intake of at least two portions were 20.4 % (14.7 % in men, vs 25.6 % in women, p = 0.001) for fruit and 30.1 % (25.9 % in men, vs 33.9 % in women, p = 0.03) for vegetables. Prevalence of low blood HDL-C was 72.6 % (71.3 % in men and 73.7 % in women, p = 0.51). In logistic regressions, the daily intake of at least two portions of fruits but not at least two portions of vegetables, was associated with low odds for low HDL-C among men (aOR = 0.34, CI95 %: 0.17–0.69) and women (aOR = 0.35, CI95 %: 0.18–0.71). Similarly, the daily intake of at least three portions of fruits but not vegetables was significantly associated with low odds for low HDL-C.
Conclusion
Blood HDL-C levels could be improved by eating at least two or three portions of fruit, which appears to be an achievable goal in study area. Such health benefits should not be ignored and missed.
{"title":"Associations of fruit and vegetables intakes with blood HDL cholesterol in high consumption regions of Burkina Faso","authors":"Jeoffray Diendéré , Abdoulaye Hama Diallo , Cheick Oumar Yaro , Jean Kaboré , Jérôme Winbetouréfâ Somé , Augustin Nawidimbasba Zeba","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To report independently the sociodemographic and lifestyle parameters, the associations of fruit and vegetables intakes with blood HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), in men and women living in high consumption areas of Burkina Faso.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis using data from the first WHO Stepwise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS) survey conducted in Burkina Faso. The “Centre-Ouest” and “Nord” regions of Burkina Faso are identified as the areas of high fruit and vegetables consumption. Data from 602 adults living in these two regions and surveyed with the STEPS method were used. Descriptive and association analyses were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with a typical daily intake of at least two portions were 20.4 % (14.7 % in men, vs 25.6 % in women, p = 0.001) for fruit and 30.1 % (25.9 % in men, vs 33.9 % in women, p = 0.03) for vegetables. Prevalence of low blood HDL-C was 72.6 % (71.3 % in men and 73.7 % in women, p = 0.51). In logistic regressions, the daily intake of at least two portions of fruits but not at least two portions of vegetables, was associated with low odds for low HDL-C among men (aOR = 0.34, CI95 %: 0.17–0.69) and women (aOR = 0.35, CI95 %: 0.18–0.71). Similarly, the daily intake of at least three portions of fruits but not vegetables was significantly associated with low odds for low HDL-C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Blood HDL-C levels could be improved by eating at least two or three portions of fruit, which appears to be an achievable goal in study area. Such health benefits should not be ignored and missed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101859"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raising awareness among parents of adolescent girls and addressing misconceptions is crucial to overcoming HPV vaccine hesitancy and ensuring the success of vaccination programs, ultimately reducing the burden of cervical cancer.
Objective
To assess perceptions of HPV infection and identify factors influencing the acceptability of the HPV vaccine among female healthcare staff with at least one adolescent daughter.
Methods
Female healthcare staff with at least one unmarried adolescent daughter were interviewed using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire after obtaining written informed consent. Participants without prior knowledge were provided information before questions on vaccine willingness were asked. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, with categorical variables presented as proportions and Chi-square tests applied at a 5 % significance level.
Results
A total of 102 female staff members were interviewed. While 76 % had heard of cervical cancer, only 32.4 % were aware of HPV infection, and 14.7 % knew about its transmission. Awareness of HPV vaccination was primarily through healthcare providers, with only 36.2 % knowing of its availability. Factors such as age, education, occupation, and socioeconomic status significantly influenced perceptions of HPV infection and awareness of cervical cancer. Willingness for vaccination was strongly associated with occupation and socioeconomic status.
Conclusion
Despite gaps in understanding HPV and its connection to cervical cancer, there is high willingness to accept the vaccine. Enhancing mass awareness, especially among parents of adolescents through media and healthcare providers, is vital. Efforts should focus on integrating the HPV vaccine into Universal Immunization Programs, particularly within school health services.
{"title":"Perception and acceptability towards HPV vaccination among mothers of adolescent girls employed in health care sector-a cross sectional study","authors":"Shipra Saini, Ritu Nagar, Mithilesh Kumar, Himanshu Shekhar, Pooja Goyal","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Raising awareness among parents of adolescent girls and addressing misconceptions is crucial to overcoming HPV vaccine hesitancy and ensuring the success of vaccination programs, ultimately reducing the burden of cervical cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess perceptions of HPV infection and identify factors influencing the acceptability of the HPV vaccine among female healthcare staff with at least one adolescent daughter.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Female healthcare staff with at least one unmarried adolescent daughter were interviewed using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire after obtaining written informed consent. Participants without prior knowledge were provided information before questions on vaccine willingness were asked. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, with categorical variables presented as proportions and Chi-square tests applied at a 5 % significance level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 102 female staff members were interviewed. While 76 % had heard of cervical cancer, only 32.4 % were aware of HPV infection, and 14.7 % knew about its transmission. Awareness of HPV vaccination was primarily through healthcare providers, with only 36.2 % knowing of its availability. Factors such as age, education, occupation, and socioeconomic status significantly influenced perceptions of HPV infection and awareness of cervical cancer. Willingness for vaccination was strongly associated with occupation and socioeconomic status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite gaps in understanding HPV and its connection to cervical cancer, there is high willingness to accept the vaccine. Enhancing mass awareness, especially among parents of adolescents through media and healthcare providers, is vital. Efforts should focus on integrating the HPV vaccine into Universal Immunization Programs, particularly within school health services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号