Objective: Amenorrhea is an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of menstruation in women of reproductive age. According to the World Health Organization, amenorrhea ranks as the sixth leading cause of female infertility. Approximately 2% to 5% of women of reproductive age experience amenorrhea, which can be classified as primary amenorrhea (PA) or secondary amenorrhea (SA). Several studies have named chromosomal abnormalities among the main causes of amenorrhea, though the prevalence of these abnormalities may differ across populations. The objective of this study was to ascertain the frequency and types of chromosomal abnormalities in women with amenorrhea in Kermanshah Province, Iran.
Methods: This retrospective study included patients with PA and SA who underwent standard cytogenetic analysis. We also conducted a review of the literature on chromosomal abnormalities and their prevalence in SA.
Results: Among the 137 cases of PA in this study, 22% exhibited chromosomal abnormalities. Numerical changes were the most common finding (46.6%) in this group, including 45,X, mosaic, and 47,XXX karyotypes. These were followed by the 46,XY karyotype (40%). Of the 51 cases of SA that received chromosomal analysis, abnormalities were identified in only one case. Additionally, our review of the literature revealed that chromosomal aberrations are responsible for 7% of SA cases globally.
Conclusion: In this study, we successfully characterized the cytogenetic causes of PA and SA in a substantial population from Kermanshah Province, Iran.
目的:闭经是育龄妇女没有月经的一种异常情况。据世界卫生组织统计,闭经是导致女性不孕的第六大原因。约有 2%至 5%的育龄妇女出现闭经,可分为原发性闭经(PA)和继发性闭经(SA)。一些研究指出,染色体异常是导致闭经的主要原因之一,但这些异常的发生率在不同人群中可能有所不同。本研究旨在确定伊朗克尔曼沙阿省闭经妇女中染色体异常的频率和类型:这项回顾性研究纳入了接受标准细胞遗传学分析的 PA 和 SA 患者。我们还回顾了有关染色体异常及其在 SA 中发病率的文献:结果:在本研究的 137 例 PA 患者中,22% 表现出染色体异常。数字变化是这组病例中最常见的发现(46.6%),包括 45,X、马赛克和 47,XXX 核型。其次是 46,XY 核型(40%)。在 51 例接受染色体分析的 SA 患者中,只有一例发现异常。此外,我们的文献综述显示,全球 7% 的 SA 病例是由染色体畸变引起的:在这项研究中,我们成功鉴定了伊朗克尔曼沙阿省大量人群中 PA 和 SA 的细胞遗传学病因。
{"title":"Contribution of chromosomal aberrations to the pathogenesis of primary and secondary amenorrhea: A study from Western Iran.","authors":"Azam Azimi, Matin Heidari, Reza Alibakhshi, Sara Hamani, Negar Salimi, Parham Nejati, Nazanin Jalilian","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2024.06807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2024.06807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Amenorrhea is an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of menstruation in women of reproductive age. According to the World Health Organization, amenorrhea ranks as the sixth leading cause of female infertility. Approximately 2% to 5% of women of reproductive age experience amenorrhea, which can be classified as primary amenorrhea (PA) or secondary amenorrhea (SA). Several studies have named chromosomal abnormalities among the main causes of amenorrhea, though the prevalence of these abnormalities may differ across populations. The objective of this study was to ascertain the frequency and types of chromosomal abnormalities in women with amenorrhea in Kermanshah Province, Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with PA and SA who underwent standard cytogenetic analysis. We also conducted a review of the literature on chromosomal abnormalities and their prevalence in SA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 137 cases of PA in this study, 22% exhibited chromosomal abnormalities. Numerical changes were the most common finding (46.6%) in this group, including 45,X, mosaic, and 47,XXX karyotypes. These were followed by the 46,XY karyotype (40%). Of the 51 cases of SA that received chromosomal analysis, abnormalities were identified in only one case. Additionally, our review of the literature revealed that chromosomal aberrations are responsible for 7% of SA cases globally.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we successfully characterized the cytogenetic causes of PA and SA in a substantial population from Kermanshah Province, Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Osteocalcin (OCN) influences spermatogenesis in conjunction with testosterone and estrogen. OCN facilitates the secretion of testosterone by engaging with G protein-coupled receptor class C group 6 member A (GPRC6A) on Leydig cells and with androgen receptors on Sertoli cells.
Methods: Adult mice were assigned to the following groups: control; sham I, which received dimethyl sulfoxide for 5 weeks followed by phosphate-buffered saline for 1 month; azoospermia, which was treated with busulfan (40 mg/kg); sham II, which consisted of azoospermic animals that received phosphate-buffered saline for 1 month beginning at the 5-week mark; and the experimental group, which included azoospermic mice treated with OCN (3 ng/g/day) for 1 month.
Results: In the mice receiving OCN treatment, immunohistochemical analysis revealed increased expression of androgen receptors and GPRC6A, indicative of enhanced spermatogenesis. Additionally, the expression levels of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive element binding protein 1, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and cytochrome P450 family 11 genes were elevated. However, testosterone levels exhibited no significant differences across groups. Morphometric analysis suggests that OCN may play a crucial role in spermatogenesis, as evidenced by its positive effects on germinal cells and the germinal epithelium in the azoospermia group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: We conclude that OCN may serve as a beneficial therapeutic agent for male infertility.
{"title":"Osteocalcin improves testicular morphology but does not ameliorate testosterone synthesis signaling in azoospermic mice.","authors":"Mahsa Yaghobinejad, Heidar Toolee, Somayeh Solhjoo, Elham Seifali, Soraya Parvari, Omotosho Dhulqarnain Akanji, Tayebeh Rastegar","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2023.06674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Osteocalcin (OCN) influences spermatogenesis in conjunction with testosterone and estrogen. OCN facilitates the secretion of testosterone by engaging with G protein-coupled receptor class C group 6 member A (GPRC6A) on Leydig cells and with androgen receptors on Sertoli cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult mice were assigned to the following groups: control; sham I, which received dimethyl sulfoxide for 5 weeks followed by phosphate-buffered saline for 1 month; azoospermia, which was treated with busulfan (40 mg/kg); sham II, which consisted of azoospermic animals that received phosphate-buffered saline for 1 month beginning at the 5-week mark; and the experimental group, which included azoospermic mice treated with OCN (3 ng/g/day) for 1 month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the mice receiving OCN treatment, immunohistochemical analysis revealed increased expression of androgen receptors and GPRC6A, indicative of enhanced spermatogenesis. Additionally, the expression levels of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive element binding protein 1, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and cytochrome P450 family 11 genes were elevated. However, testosterone levels exhibited no significant differences across groups. Morphometric analysis suggests that OCN may play a crucial role in spermatogenesis, as evidenced by its positive effects on germinal cells and the germinal epithelium in the azoospermia group (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that OCN may serve as a beneficial therapeutic agent for male infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yosra H Mahmoud, Basem Eysa, Eman Mohamed Salah Ahmed, Heba Abdelaziz, Ashgan Mohamed Zayed, Amin Abdel Baki, Ahmed Hosny, Mohamed Hassany
Objective: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is known to influence the seminal and hormonal parameters of infected men. This study was performed to assess the effects of HCV clearance using direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents on semen and hormonal parameters.
Methods: A total of 50 patients with chronic HCV were enrolled, and conventional semen analysis was performed according to World Health Organization guidelines. Basal levels of total testosterone, free testosterone (FT), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), prolactin, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were assessed before and 3 months after treatment with DAAs.
Results: Following DAA treatment, statistically significant increases were observed in sperm motility and the proportion of grade A sperm. Additionally, the percentage of abnormal forms was significantly decreased after treatment (p=0.000). However, no significant differences were observed in semen volume, concentration, or total sperm count. Sex hormone analysis of patients after DAA treatment revealed significant increases in FT, LH, and FSH levels, along with significant decreases in SHBG, prolactin, and E2 levels.
Conclusion: Following HCV clearance, we noted an improvement in sperm motility and an increase in the percentage of sperm with normal morphology. Treatment with DAAs was also associated with increased levels of FT and LH, along with decreased levels of SHBG, prolactin, and E2.
目的:众所周知,丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染会影响受感染男性的精液和激素参数。本研究旨在评估使用直接作用抗病毒药物(DAA)清除丙型肝炎病毒对精液和激素参数的影响:方法:共招募了 50 名慢性 HCV 患者,并根据世界卫生组织的指南进行了常规精液分析。在使用DAAs治疗前和治疗3个月后,对总睾酮、游离睾酮(FT)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)、催乳素和性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)的基础水平进行了评估:结果:接受 DAA 治疗后,精子活力和 A 级精子比例均有统计学意义的显著提高。此外,畸形精子的比例在治疗后也明显下降(P=0.000)。然而,精液量、浓度和精子总数均无明显差异。DAA治疗后对患者进行的性激素分析显示,FT、LH和FSH水平显著上升,SHBG、催乳素和E2水平显著下降:结论:HCV 清除后,我们注意到精子活力有所改善,形态正常的精子比例有所增加。DAAs治疗也与FT和LH水平升高以及SHBG、催乳素和E2水平降低有关。
{"title":"Effect of treatment of chronic hepatitis c virus patients with direct-acting anti-retroviral drugs on semen and hormonal parameters.","authors":"Yosra H Mahmoud, Basem Eysa, Eman Mohamed Salah Ahmed, Heba Abdelaziz, Ashgan Mohamed Zayed, Amin Abdel Baki, Ahmed Hosny, Mohamed Hassany","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2023.06772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is known to influence the seminal and hormonal parameters of infected men. This study was performed to assess the effects of HCV clearance using direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents on semen and hormonal parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 50 patients with chronic HCV were enrolled, and conventional semen analysis was performed according to World Health Organization guidelines. Basal levels of total testosterone, free testosterone (FT), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), prolactin, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were assessed before and 3 months after treatment with DAAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following DAA treatment, statistically significant increases were observed in sperm motility and the proportion of grade A sperm. Additionally, the percentage of abnormal forms was significantly decreased after treatment (p=0.000). However, no significant differences were observed in semen volume, concentration, or total sperm count. Sex hormone analysis of patients after DAA treatment revealed significant increases in FT, LH, and FSH levels, along with significant decreases in SHBG, prolactin, and E2 levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Following HCV clearance, we noted an improvement in sperm motility and an increase in the percentage of sperm with normal morphology. Treatment with DAAs was also associated with increased levels of FT and LH, along with decreased levels of SHBG, prolactin, and E2.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Among the primary objectives of contemporary assisted reproductive technology research are achieving the births of healthy singletons and improving overall fertility outcomes. Substantial advances have been made in refining the selection of single embryos for transfer, with the aim of maximizing the likelihood of successful implantation. The principal criterion for this selection is embryo morphology. Morphological evaluation systems are based on traditional parameters, including cell count and fragmentation, pronuclear morphology, cleavage rate, blastocyst formation, and various sequential embryonic assessments. To reduce the incidence of multiple pregnancies and to identify the single embryo with the highest potential for growth, invasive techniques such as preimplantation genetic screening are employed in in vitro fertilization clinics. However, new approaches have been suggested for clinical application that do not harm the embryo and that provide consistent, accurate results. Noninvasive technologies, such as time-lapse imaging and omics, leverage morphokinetic parameters and the byproducts of embryo metabolism, respectively, to identify noninvasive prognostic markers for competent single embryo selection. While these technologies have garnered considerable interest in the research community, they are not incorporated into routine clinical practice and still have substantial room for improvement. Currently, the most promising strategies involve integrating multiple methodologies, which together are anticipated to increase the likelihood of successful pregnancy.
{"title":"Advanced strategies for single embryo selection in assisted human reproduction: A review of clinical practice and research methods.","authors":"Zahra Bashiri, Azita Afzali, Morteza Koruji, Hossein Torkashvand, Mehrdad Ghorbanlou, Nadia Sheibak, Zahra Zandieh, Fatemehsadat Amjadi","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2023.06478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the primary objectives of contemporary assisted reproductive technology research are achieving the births of healthy singletons and improving overall fertility outcomes. Substantial advances have been made in refining the selection of single embryos for transfer, with the aim of maximizing the likelihood of successful implantation. The principal criterion for this selection is embryo morphology. Morphological evaluation systems are based on traditional parameters, including cell count and fragmentation, pronuclear morphology, cleavage rate, blastocyst formation, and various sequential embryonic assessments. To reduce the incidence of multiple pregnancies and to identify the single embryo with the highest potential for growth, invasive techniques such as preimplantation genetic screening are employed in in vitro fertilization clinics. However, new approaches have been suggested for clinical application that do not harm the embryo and that provide consistent, accurate results. Noninvasive technologies, such as time-lapse imaging and omics, leverage morphokinetic parameters and the byproducts of embryo metabolism, respectively, to identify noninvasive prognostic markers for competent single embryo selection. While these technologies have garnered considerable interest in the research community, they are not incorporated into routine clinical practice and still have substantial room for improvement. Currently, the most promising strategies involve integrating multiple methodologies, which together are anticipated to increase the likelihood of successful pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Errors in human DNA may cause genetic disorders. Technological developments have raised hopes for reducing the risks of genetic inheritance among married couples who have a history of such disorders. Among the developments in reproductive health technology that reduce those risks is the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process. This review aimed to describe the current strategies using IVF and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), which would be effective for couples with genetic disorders to have healthy offspring. The literature review included full-text, open-access research articles from ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar that were published between 2013 and 2023, with 65 articles obtained from various journals. The keywords were "in vitro fertilization," "reproductive genetic disorders," "PGT-A," "PGT-M," "PGT-SR," and "oocyte donor." A total of 46 articles were selected as the most relevant to the review topic, and the results show that the IVF process can be an option for couples with a history of genetic disorders. Several additional procedures can be performed following IVF, such as oocyte donation and PGT, to help couples who want to have offspring without transmitting their genetic disorders. IVF can be an option for couples who have or carry genetic disorders. With IVF, couples can undertake several procedures such as oocyte donation and PGT for aneuploidy, monogenic disorders, or structural rearrangement.
人类 DNA 中的错误可能导致遗传疾病。技术的发展为降低有遗传病史的已婚夫妇的遗传风险带来了希望。在生殖健康技术的发展中,体外受精(IVF)过程可以降低这些风险。本综述旨在描述目前使用体外受精和植入前基因检测(PGT)的策略,这些策略将有效帮助有遗传疾病的夫妇生育健康的后代。文献综述包括ScienceDirect、PubMed和Google Scholar上发表于2013年至2023年间的全文开放存取研究文章,其中65篇文章来自不同期刊。关键词为 "体外受精"、"生殖遗传疾病"、"PGT-A"、"PGT-M"、"PGT-SR "和 "卵细胞捐赠者"。结果显示,试管婴儿过程可以成为有遗传病史的夫妇的一种选择。体外受精后还可以进行一些额外的程序,如卵细胞捐赠和PGT,以帮助那些希望在不遗传其遗传疾病的情况下生育后代的夫妇。对于患有或携带遗传疾病的夫妇来说,体外受精也是一种选择。通过体外受精,夫妇可以进行多项程序,如卵细胞捐献和非整倍体、单基因遗传病或结构重排的 PGT。
{"title":"In vitro fertilization as an option for couples with genetic disorders.","authors":"F Yudha Christianti, Legiran Legiran","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2023.06667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Errors in human DNA may cause genetic disorders. Technological developments have raised hopes for reducing the risks of genetic inheritance among married couples who have a history of such disorders. Among the developments in reproductive health technology that reduce those risks is the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process. This review aimed to describe the current strategies using IVF and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), which would be effective for couples with genetic disorders to have healthy offspring. The literature review included full-text, open-access research articles from ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar that were published between 2013 and 2023, with 65 articles obtained from various journals. The keywords were \"in vitro fertilization,\" \"reproductive genetic disorders,\" \"PGT-A,\" \"PGT-M,\" \"PGT-SR,\" and \"oocyte donor.\" A total of 46 articles were selected as the most relevant to the review topic, and the results show that the IVF process can be an option for couples with a history of genetic disorders. Several additional procedures can be performed following IVF, such as oocyte donation and PGT, to help couples who want to have offspring without transmitting their genetic disorders. IVF can be an option for couples who have or carry genetic disorders. With IVF, couples can undertake several procedures such as oocyte donation and PGT for aneuploidy, monogenic disorders, or structural rearrangement.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate whether long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Gm8097 (LncGm8097) is associated with male infertility.
Methods: The expression and bilogical role of LncGm8097 were investigated.
Results: LncGm8097 expression was down-regulated in the testis tissues with moderate and severe hypospermatogenesis compared with those with normal spermatogenesis and mild hypospermatogenesis (p<0.05). LncGm8097 down-regulation significantly promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in GC1 and GC2 cells. In addition, LncGm8097 was significantly down-regulated in mouse model of hypospermatogenesis and correlated with cell apoptosis and proliferation. LncGm8097 was located immediately upstream of PRPS2, and correlated with Bcl-2/P53/caspase 6/caspase 9 signal pathway.
Conclusion: LncGm8097 down-regulation correlates with hypospermatogenesis, which may offer new insights into the pathogenesis of male infertility.
{"title":"The lncRNA Gm8097 is associated with hypospermatogenesis.","authors":"Bin Lei, Luwei Ye, Zhuolin Qiu, Shoubo Zhang","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2024.06835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2024.06835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Gm8097 (LncGm8097) is associated with male infertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression and bilogical role of LncGm8097 were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LncGm8097 expression was down-regulated in the testis tissues with moderate and severe hypospermatogenesis compared with those with normal spermatogenesis and mild hypospermatogenesis (p<0.05). LncGm8097 down-regulation significantly promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in GC1 and GC2 cells. In addition, LncGm8097 was significantly down-regulated in mouse model of hypospermatogenesis and correlated with cell apoptosis and proliferation. LncGm8097 was located immediately upstream of PRPS2, and correlated with Bcl-2/P53/caspase 6/caspase 9 signal pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LncGm8097 down-regulation correlates with hypospermatogenesis, which may offer new insights into the pathogenesis of male infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06240
Anura Dissanayake
Objective: Seasonal variations in semen quality are known to occur in temperate regions, but results regarding tropical areas remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine whether monthly variations in semen parameters are present among men in a tropical region.
Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from semen analyses of 3,000 men over a 10-year period, from 2012 to 2022. Analysis of variance and the independent-samples t-test were employed to observe variations in semen parameters throughout the entire period and between months, respectively.
Results: The mean±standard deviation sperm concentration was significantly lower in June, at 42.5±31.4 million/mL, compared to other months. The highest sperm concentration was found in March, at 57.8±42.6 million/mL, constituting a mean difference of 15.3 million/mL between the lowest and highest concentrations. The total sperm count displayed a similar pattern of monthly variation, with a difference of 47.2 million between the highest and lowest months. No significant monthly differences were observed in other parameters, such as sperm motility, morphology, and semen volume.
Conclusion: Significant monthly variations in sperm concentration and total sperm count were evident in this Sri Lankan population. March, which displayed the highest sperm counts, is in the spring in temperate regions, while the month with the lowest counts, July, is part of the summer. Fluctuations in photoperiod appear to most strongly influence these variations.
{"title":"Monthly variations in semen parameters in a Sri Lankan population undergoing fertility evaluation.","authors":"Anura Dissanayake","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06240","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Seasonal variations in semen quality are known to occur in temperate regions, but results regarding tropical areas remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine whether monthly variations in semen parameters are present among men in a tropical region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were retrospectively collected from semen analyses of 3,000 men over a 10-year period, from 2012 to 2022. Analysis of variance and the independent-samples t-test were employed to observe variations in semen parameters throughout the entire period and between months, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean±standard deviation sperm concentration was significantly lower in June, at 42.5±31.4 million/mL, compared to other months. The highest sperm concentration was found in March, at 57.8±42.6 million/mL, constituting a mean difference of 15.3 million/mL between the lowest and highest concentrations. The total sperm count displayed a similar pattern of monthly variation, with a difference of 47.2 million between the highest and lowest months. No significant monthly differences were observed in other parameters, such as sperm motility, morphology, and semen volume.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant monthly variations in sperm concentration and total sperm count were evident in this Sri Lankan population. March, which displayed the highest sperm counts, is in the spring in temperate regions, while the month with the lowest counts, July, is part of the summer. Fluctuations in photoperiod appear to most strongly influence these variations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11140258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-01-24DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06170
Hye Jeong Hue, Hyunji Choi, Hyun Kyoung Lee, Jung Ryeol Lee, Byung Chul Jee, Chang Woo Choo, Seul Ki Kim
Objective: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence of chronic endometritis, diagnosed using CD138 immunohistochemistry, among infertile women and to assess the association between chronic endometritis and recurrent implantation failure (RIF).
Methods: In total, 266 patients who underwent hysteroscopy due to infertility between 2019 and 2020 were included in the analysis. Of these, 136 patients with RIF and 130 non-RIF patients were included in the study. CD138 immunohistochemistry test results, blood biomarkers (including natural killer cells, white blood cells, and the lymphocyte-to-neutrophil ratio), and data on pregnancy outcomes were obtained. If the CD138 test yielded a positive result, the patients received antibiotic treatment.
Results: The overall proportion of CD138-positive patients was 32.7% (87/266). The CD138 positivity rate was not related to the number of cycles with implantation failure. In the RIF patient group, no significant associations were found between CD138 positivity and peripheral blood markers. The clinical pregnancy rates were similar between infertile women treated with antibiotics for chronic endometritis and those without chronic endometritis.
Conclusion: To improve the pregnancy rate in infertile patients, it may be helpful to combine CD138 testing with other laboratory tests and administer antibiotic treatment if the result is positive.
{"title":"Prevalence and confounders of chronic endometritis diagnosed using CD138 in patients with recurrent implantation failure.","authors":"Hye Jeong Hue, Hyunji Choi, Hyun Kyoung Lee, Jung Ryeol Lee, Byung Chul Jee, Chang Woo Choo, Seul Ki Kim","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06170","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence of chronic endometritis, diagnosed using CD138 immunohistochemistry, among infertile women and to assess the association between chronic endometritis and recurrent implantation failure (RIF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 266 patients who underwent hysteroscopy due to infertility between 2019 and 2020 were included in the analysis. Of these, 136 patients with RIF and 130 non-RIF patients were included in the study. CD138 immunohistochemistry test results, blood biomarkers (including natural killer cells, white blood cells, and the lymphocyte-to-neutrophil ratio), and data on pregnancy outcomes were obtained. If the CD138 test yielded a positive result, the patients received antibiotic treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall proportion of CD138-positive patients was 32.7% (87/266). The CD138 positivity rate was not related to the number of cycles with implantation failure. In the RIF patient group, no significant associations were found between CD138 positivity and peripheral blood markers. The clinical pregnancy rates were similar between infertile women treated with antibiotics for chronic endometritis and those without chronic endometritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To improve the pregnancy rate in infertile patients, it may be helpful to combine CD138 testing with other laboratory tests and administer antibiotic treatment if the result is positive.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11140256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139541645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-03-25DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06107
Haeng Jun Jeon, Woo Sik Lee, Ji Eun Park, Ji Young Hwang, Ji Won Kim
Objective: People vaccinated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 [SARS-CoV-2]) mRNA vaccine have reported experiencing various adverse effects. For instance, reproductive-age women have presented with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding or menstrual cycle changes. We speculated that differences in basal sex hormone levels before and after vaccination may be present in women who experienced irregular bleeding or menstrual cycle changes; thus, this study aimed to investigate the differences in basal sex hormone levels of women before and after two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.
Methods: This retrospective study included patients who received SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines between January 2021 and February 2022 at a single center. In an outpatient setting, patients were queried regarding their menstrual cycle, the date of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, vaccination type, and vaccination side effects. Differences in basal hormone levels (menstrual cycle days 2-3, follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], and estradiol) before and after vaccination were compared.
Results: Among the 326 patients, patients with no laboratory records of the hormones were excluded. The median time interval between SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and the laboratory test day was 79 days (interquartile range, 44 to 127). A comparative analysis of these hormones before and after vaccination revealed no significant differences. Subgroup analyses based on age and reported adverse events also found no statistically significant differences.
Conclusion: This study showed no significant differences in basal hormone levels (FSH, LH, and estradiol) before and after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.
{"title":"COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination does not affect basal sex hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol) in reproductive-age women.","authors":"Haeng Jun Jeon, Woo Sik Lee, Ji Eun Park, Ji Young Hwang, Ji Won Kim","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06107","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>People vaccinated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 [SARS-CoV-2]) mRNA vaccine have reported experiencing various adverse effects. For instance, reproductive-age women have presented with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding or menstrual cycle changes. We speculated that differences in basal sex hormone levels before and after vaccination may be present in women who experienced irregular bleeding or menstrual cycle changes; thus, this study aimed to investigate the differences in basal sex hormone levels of women before and after two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients who received SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines between January 2021 and February 2022 at a single center. In an outpatient setting, patients were queried regarding their menstrual cycle, the date of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, vaccination type, and vaccination side effects. Differences in basal hormone levels (menstrual cycle days 2-3, follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], and estradiol) before and after vaccination were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 326 patients, patients with no laboratory records of the hormones were excluded. The median time interval between SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and the laboratory test day was 79 days (interquartile range, 44 to 127). A comparative analysis of these hormones before and after vaccination revealed no significant differences. Subgroup analyses based on age and reported adverse events also found no statistically significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed no significant differences in basal hormone levels (FSH, LH, and estradiol) before and after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11140255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-03-25DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06555
Chaymae Rochdi, Meriem Ouadrhiri, Larbi Allai, Ibtissam Bellajdel, Samira Mamri, Hafsa Taheri, Hanane Saadi, Ahmed Mimouni, Mohammed Choukri
Objective: Recently, oral antioxidants in combined forms have been used to treat men with idiopathic infertility. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment with vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, arginine, L-carnitine, and coenzyme Q10 on sperm quality parameters, DNA integrity, reproductive hormones, and pregnancy rates in men with infertility and idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT).
Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 420 men with infertility and idiopathic OAT who took an oral supplement of antioxidant SP-Power tablets twice daily for 6 months. Semen quality, reproductive hormones, and the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were evaluated at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after supplementation, using the World Health Organization 2021 guidelines.
Results: No significant difference was observed in volume or the percentage of typical morphology during treatment. A significant improvement in sperm concentration was observed after supplementation (8.67±1.41, 12.17±1.91, and 19.01±0.86 at baseline, 3, and 6 months respectively, p<0.01). The total motility, progressive motility, and total motile sperm count also increased significantly (p<0.01), whereas the DFI decreased after 6 months. There was an increase in normal FSH levels and testosterone levels after 6 months of supplementation of antioxidant SP-Power but these differences were not statistically significant (p=not significant and p=0.06, respectively).
Conclusion: Supplementation with SP-Power tablets improved sperm quality parameters, sperm DFI, some reproductive hormones, and pregnancy rates in men with infertility and idiopathic OAT, which could be attributed to the supplement's synergistic antioxidant action. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of supplementation on oxidative stress markers.
{"title":"Beneficial effects of oral antioxidant supplementation on semen quality parameters, reproductive hormones, and sperm DNA integrity in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.","authors":"Chaymae Rochdi, Meriem Ouadrhiri, Larbi Allai, Ibtissam Bellajdel, Samira Mamri, Hafsa Taheri, Hanane Saadi, Ahmed Mimouni, Mohammed Choukri","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06555","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2023.06555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recently, oral antioxidants in combined forms have been used to treat men with idiopathic infertility. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment with vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, arginine, L-carnitine, and coenzyme Q10 on sperm quality parameters, DNA integrity, reproductive hormones, and pregnancy rates in men with infertility and idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted on 420 men with infertility and idiopathic OAT who took an oral supplement of antioxidant SP-Power tablets twice daily for 6 months. Semen quality, reproductive hormones, and the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were evaluated at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after supplementation, using the World Health Organization 2021 guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was observed in volume or the percentage of typical morphology during treatment. A significant improvement in sperm concentration was observed after supplementation (8.67±1.41, 12.17±1.91, and 19.01±0.86 at baseline, 3, and 6 months respectively, p<0.01). The total motility, progressive motility, and total motile sperm count also increased significantly (p<0.01), whereas the DFI decreased after 6 months. There was an increase in normal FSH levels and testosterone levels after 6 months of supplementation of antioxidant SP-Power but these differences were not statistically significant (p=not significant and p=0.06, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Supplementation with SP-Power tablets improved sperm quality parameters, sperm DFI, some reproductive hormones, and pregnancy rates in men with infertility and idiopathic OAT, which could be attributed to the supplement's synergistic antioxidant action. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of supplementation on oxidative stress markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11140257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}