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Petroglyphs and place: complex histories at four sites in New Britain 岩画和地点:新不列颠四个遗址的复杂历史
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-07-23 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5243
JIM SPECHT, ROBIN TORRENCE, KEN MULVANEY

The analysis of cultural practices at four sites near Cape Gloucester and on Uneapa and Garua Islands in West New Britain, Papua New Guinea shows how rock markings and boulder arrangements create special places within physical and social landscapes. Four kinds of rock markings are documented: cupules, abraded surfaces, geometric curvilinear and rectilinear (i.e., composed of straight lines) petroglyphs, and figurative forms including anthropomorphic heads and introduced animals. The placement of the art, together with the arrangement of boulders, implies that both restricted and open forms of ceremony were conducted. The similarities between these sites suggest the existence of a precursor to the well-documented recent interaction zone in this part of West New Britain. We speculate that these cultural practices have a much longer history than previously proposed for Island Melanesia.

对格洛斯特角附近的四个地点以及巴布亚新几内亚新不列颠西部的乌尼亚帕和加鲁阿群岛的文化习俗的分析显示,岩石标记和巨石排列如何在自然和社会景观中创造特殊的地方。记录的岩石标记有四种:凹痕、磨损表面、几何曲线和直线(即由直线组成)岩画,以及拟人头像和引入动物等形象形式。艺术品的放置,以及巨石的排列,暗示着进行了限制和开放形式的仪式。这些遗址之间的相似之处表明,在西新不列颠的这部分地区,存在着一个有充分记录的近代相互作用带的前身。我们推测,这些文化习俗的历史比之前提出的美拉尼西亚岛的历史要长得多。
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引用次数: 1
Do Pleistocene rock paintings depict Sulawesi warty pigs (Sus celebensis) with a domestication character? 更新世岩画描绘苏拉威西疣猪(Sus celebensis)具有驯化特征吗?
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-07-23 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5245
ADAM BRUMM, ADHI AGUS OKTAVIANA, BASRAN BURHAN, BUDIANTO HAKIM, RUSTAN LEBE, MARLON RIRIMASSE, PRIYATNO HADI SULISTYARTO, ALASTAIR A. MACDONALD, MAXIME AUBERT

The Indonesian island of Sulawesi harbours numerous early rock paintings of the endemic Sulawesi warty pig (Sus celebensis). Several S. celebensis images, including one dated to at least 45,500 years ago (ka), portray these suids with an anatomical character not observed in the living species: a pair of teat-like protuberances in the neck area. This feature seems to be most consistent morphologically with neck “wattles”, cutaneous appendages only manifested in modern domestic swine (Sus scrofa) and some other domesticated ungulates (e.g. goats). The notion that the trait portrayed by the Late Pleistocene artists is a domestication character is clearly contentious. We therefore consider: (1) whether we have misidentified the trait – a common problem in rock art analysis; (2) whether wattles are a genuine domestication trait; and (3) if so, whether the notion that Pleistocene people domesticated S. celebensis is plausible. A clear resolution to all of these problems evades us; however, our investigation of this anomaly in the ancient rock art poses important questions about the nature and complexity of early human–pig relations in this island.

印度尼西亚的苏拉威西岛有许多早期的岩画,描绘的是当地特有的苏拉威西疣猪(Sus celebensis)。一些南方南方人种的图像,包括一幅至少可追溯到45,500年前(ka)的图像,描绘了这些在现存物种中没有观察到的解剖特征:颈部区域有一对乳头状的隆起。这一特征似乎在形态学上与颈部“垂带”最一致,皮肤附属物仅在现代家猪(Sus scrofa)和其他一些家养有蹄类动物(如山羊)中表现出来。关于晚更新世艺术家描绘的特征是驯化特征的观点显然是有争议的。因此,我们考虑:(1)我们是否错误地识别了这种特征——这是岩石艺术分析中的一个常见问题;(2)金合欢是否是一种真正的驯化特征;(3)如果是这样,更新世人类驯化西乐种的说法是否可信。所有这些问题都没有明确的解决办法;然而,我们对古代岩石艺术中这种异常现象的调查提出了关于这个岛上早期人猪关系的性质和复杂性的重要问题。
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引用次数: 3
Gilparrka Almira, a rock art site in Mithaka Country, southwest Queensland: cultural connections, dreaming tracks and trade routes Gilparrka Almira,昆士兰州西南部Mithaka乡村的岩石艺术遗址:文化联系,梦想的足迹和贸易路线
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5244
Natalie R. Franklin, Marisa Giorgi, Phillip J. Habgood, Nathan Wright, Josh Gorringe, Betty Gorringe, Brett Gorringe, Michael C. Westaway

This paper describes a rock engraving site in Mithaka Country in the Channel Country, southwest Queensland, where the majority of the motifs consist of crescents or variations on crescents. This is the first rock art site to be recorded in Mithaka Country, which is in a part of Australia's sandy deserts where rock art is uncommon.

Gilparrka Almira is placed within a broader social context by exploring its possible cultural connections with other sites and regions. Regional comparisons of the main motif type found that proportions decreased in all directions away from the site. Possible meanings for crescent imagery are then examined from ethnohistorical sources, indicating that crescent motifs may bear a range of “discontinuous” meanings that can be used in different contexts. It is suggested that crescent motifs may have moved/diffused across vast areas of the continent, following the north-south Lake Eyre Basin trade network, with Mithaka Country lying at its approximate centre, and other (east-west) trade routes, along the Dreaming tracks with which the trade routes are frequently associated. Motifs with “discontinuous” meaning ranges, like crescents, would have been particularly suitable for use in this scenario because of their ability to be readily incorporated into different social contexts.

本文描述了位于昆士兰州西南部海峡地区的Mithaka地区的一个岩石雕刻遗址,那里的大部分图案由新月或新月的变体组成。这是Mithaka国家记录的第一个岩石艺术遗址,Mithaka国家位于澳大利亚沙漠的一部分,在那里岩石艺术并不常见。Gilparrka Almira通过探索其与其他地点和地区的可能的文化联系,被置于更广泛的社会背景中。主要基序类型的区域比较发现,在远离遗址的各个方向上,比例都在下降。然后从民族历史资料中考察了新月意象的可能含义,表明新月图案可能具有一系列“不连续”的含义,可以在不同的语境中使用。有人认为,新月图案可能沿着南北的艾尔湖盆地贸易网络(Mithaka Country位于其大约中心)和其他(东西)贸易路线(沿着贸易路线经常与之相关的dream tracks),在非洲大陆的广大地区移动/扩散。具有“不连续”意义范围的母题,如新月,特别适合在这种情况下使用,因为它们能够很容易地融入不同的社会背景。
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引用次数: 4
A New Melanesian Rock-Art Style: Figurative Engravings at Roche Mauprat, Arama Chiefdom, New Caledonia 一种新的美拉尼西亚岩石艺术风格:在罗氏毛普拉,阿拉马酋长,新喀里多尼亚的形象雕刻
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5241
Christophe Sand, David Baret, Jacques Bolé, André-John Ouetcho, Abraham Gagne

The paper presents the initial study of a unique rock-art site discovered at the northern tip of the Mainland (Grande Terre) of New Caledonia. On the walls of a cliff-face at the foot of a karst outcrop near Roche Mauprat, people have carved successive layers of geometric and figurative motifs. The fine, detailed engraving style of some human figures is unlike anything identified to date in the rock-art of New Caledonia, where petroglyph anthropomorphic motifs are very rare. We present the main themes that have been recorded, including geometrics, groups of dancing figures and sets of traditional houses surrounded by trees. Only one European figure was identified, indicating that the main engraving period was probably pre-contact and pre-colonial. The paper discusses the relation of this new rock-art style to other art forms, and especially the well-studied Kanak engraved bamboo tradition that flourished during the second half of the nineteenth century in New Caledonia.

这篇论文介绍了在新喀里多尼亚大陆(格兰德岛)北端发现的一个独特的岩石艺术遗址的初步研究。在Roche Mauprat附近的喀斯特露头山脚下的悬崖壁上,人们雕刻了连续的几何和图形图案。一些精细、细致的人物雕刻风格不同于迄今为止在新喀里多尼亚的岩石艺术中发现的任何东西,在新喀里多尼亚,岩石雕刻的拟人化图案非常罕见。我们展示了已经记录的主要主题,包括几何、舞蹈人物和树木环绕的传统房屋。只有一个欧洲人的雕像被识别出来,这表明主要的雕刻时期可能是接触前和殖民前。本文讨论了这种新的岩石艺术风格与其他艺术形式的关系,特别是在19世纪下半叶在新喀里多尼亚蓬勃发展的卡纳克雕刻竹子传统。
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引用次数: 1
The Archaeology of Island Colonization: Global Approaches to Initial Human Settlement Edited by Matthew F. Napolitano, Jessica H. Stone, and Robert J. DiNapoli; foreword by Victor D. Thompson. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL. 2021. ISBN: 9780813066851. Pp. xv + 377. USD $95.00 (hardback) 《岛屿殖民考古学:人类最初定居的全球方法》,作者:马修·f·纳波利塔诺、杰西卡·h·斯通和罗伯特·j·迪纳波利;维克多·d·汤普森序。佛罗里达大学出版社,盖恩斯维尔,佛罗里达州。ISBN: 9780813066851。第15页+ 377页。USD $95.00(精装本)
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-06-20 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5242
Thomas S. Dye
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the Archaeology of the Modern City in Nineteenth- Century Australia By Tim Murray and Penelope CrookSpringer, Switzerland, 2020ISBN 978-3-030-27168-8. Pp. 291. USD: $109.99 《探索19世纪澳大利亚现代城市考古》,TimMurray和PenelopeCrookSpringer著,瑞士,2020ISBN 978‐3‐030‐27168‐8。第291页。美元:109.99美元
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5240
SEAN WINTER
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引用次数: 0
Identifying marsupials from Australian archaeological sites: current methodological challenges and opportunities in zooarchaeological practice 识别有袋动物从澳大利亚考古遗址:目前的方法挑战和机遇,在动物考古实践
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5234
ERIN MEIN, TIINA MANNE

We review current zooarchaeological practice in Australia, identifying major research themes and key methodological gaps where opportunities exist for the development of Australian zooarchaeology as a discipline. We demonstrate that marsupial remains form a significant component of Australian zooarchaeological assemblages, yet high resolution taxonomic identification of these remains continues to prove challenging, owing to a combination of high species diversity and few resources which provide diagnostic criteria for discriminating morphologically similar, but ecologically variable taxa. The lack of robust protocols for discriminating marsupial taxa significantly impacts our ability to effectively integrate zooarchaeological data into broader narratives of Aboriginal colonisation, resilience and adaptation across Australia. Publication of identification protocols would help refine and standardise diagnostic criteria used between analysts, improve the methodological transparency of zooarchaeological analysis and provide resources for the training of a new generation of specialists. A range of opportunities currently exist, utilising qualitative and quantitative techniques, to significantly contribute towards the methodological robustness of zooarchaeological practice in Australia.

我们回顾了澳大利亚目前的动物考古学实践,确定了澳大利亚动物考古学作为一门学科发展机会存在的主要研究主题和关键方法差距。我们证明,有袋动物遗骸是澳大利亚动物考古组合的重要组成部分,但由于物种多样性高,资源少,无法为区分形态相似但生态变化的分类群提供诊断标准,因此对这些遗骸进行高分辨率分类鉴定仍然具有挑战性。缺乏鉴别有袋动物类群的强有力的协议,严重影响了我们将动物考古数据有效地整合到澳大利亚土著殖民、恢复力和适应的更广泛叙述中的能力。出版鉴定规程将有助于改进和标准化分析人员之间使用的诊断标准,提高动物考古分析方法的透明度,并为培训新一代专家提供资源。目前存在一系列机会,利用定性和定量技术,为澳大利亚动物考古实践的方法稳健性做出重大贡献。
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引用次数: 5
Cup marks on Ambra Crater: a new engraving site in the Western Highlands of Papua New Guinea 安布拉陨石坑上的杯痕:巴布亚新几内亚西部高地的一个新的雕刻地点
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5235
ROBIN TORRENCE, TIM DENHAM, THOMAS P. WAGNER

We report an unusual example of rock engravings in an open context in the Highlands region of Papua New Guinea. The highly weathered assemblage comprised a cluster of two “cup and ring” motifs with at least eight additional cup marks pecked on a small basalt boulder located on the summit of Ambra Crater (also Mt. Ambra), a potentially significant place because it has provided an elevated viewpoint across the denuded Upper Wahgi Valley landscape for millennia.

我们报告了一个不寻常的例子,岩石雕刻在一个开放的背景下,在巴布亚新几内亚的高地地区。这个高度风化的组合由两个“杯形和环状”图案组成,在位于Ambra火山口(也是安布拉山)山顶的一个小玄武岩巨石上至少有八个额外的杯形标记,这是一个潜在的重要地点,因为它提供了一个俯瞰剥蚀的上瓦吉山谷景观的高架视角。
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引用次数: 0
Networks and Monumentality in the Pacific: Proceedings of the XVIII UISPP World Congress (4--9 June 2018, Paris, France), Session XXXVIII. UISPP Proceedings Series, Volume 7. By Aymeric Hermann, Frédérique Valentin, Christophe Sand and Emilie Nolet, editors. Archaeopress Archaeology, Oxford, 2020 ISBN: 978-1-78969-715-5 (paperback). 89 pp. $30.00
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5236
SUMMER MOORE
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引用次数: 0
Revising shell adze analysis in Oceania: a multifaceted approach to the study of a Solomon Islands’ collection 修订大洋洲的贝壳分析:所罗门群岛藏品研究的多方面方法
IF 0.9 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-05-24 DOI: 10.1002/arco.5231
CHARLES JAMES TEKARAWA RADCLYFFE

Shell adzes, although one of the more common artefacts in the Pacific, have not received nearly the same attention by archaeologists as have stone adzes in the region. Large collections of the latter have been studied in detail for over a century, and researchers have developed consistent methodological approaches, terminology and classification for their analysis. This has not been the case for shell adzes. This paper provides a critical review of this issue and puts forward a multifaceted approach, including a revised set of classificatory criteria, that is applied to the descriptive analysis of two museum collections of shell adzes and other cutting implements from Solomon Islands. The analysis demonstrates that incorporating technological, functional and ecological factors in the description and classification of shell adzes can generate a more insightful understanding of the various ways these cutting implements were made and used in the past.

尽管贝壳小壶是太平洋地区较为常见的人工制品之一,但考古学家对该地区的石小壶的关注却远远不及它们。对后者的大量收集已经进行了一个多世纪的详细研究,研究人员已经为他们的分析开发了一致的方法方法、术语和分类。但对于炮弹炮弹来说,情况并非如此。本文对这一问题进行了批判性的回顾,并提出了一种多方面的方法,包括一套修订的分类标准,用于对所罗门群岛两个博物馆收藏的贝壳工具和其他切割工具进行描述性分析。分析表明,将技术、功能和生态因素纳入贝壳刀具的描述和分类中,可以更深刻地了解这些刀具在过去的各种制造和使用方式。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Archaeology in Oceania
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