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Spotlight on… Urban resilience: is it old wine in a new bottle? 聚焦…城市韧性:是新瓶装旧酒吗?
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/00167487.2020.12106478
X. Mai
This article discusses the concept of resilience and its theoretical contributions to urban geography After a review of the evolution of resilience in studies of engineering, ecology and social sciences, the article outlines the potential contributions of resilience with regard to related concepts such as stability, competitiveness and sustainability It highlights that resilience thinking challenges the conventional mentality of planning and recognises the ubiquity of change and potential for novelty for the reconfiguration of urban spaces By revealing how particular cities or regions have responded to challenges, and how such challenges have reshaped and impacted upon the long-term development of that place, this article argues the potential of resilience to become integral to development studies and geographical research Resilience studies pay greater attention to local-specific factors that enable places to deal with uncertainties, risks and unpredictable shocks Brief insights into examples of urban resilience remind us of the necessity of accommodating turbulence and the role of place and context in better understanding urban resilience
本文讨论了韧性的概念及其对城市地理学的理论贡献。在回顾了工程、生态和社会科学研究中韧性的演变之后,文章概述了韧性在相关概念方面的潜在贡献,竞争力和可持续性它强调了韧性思维挑战了传统的规划思维,并认识到变化的普遍性和城市空间重构的新颖性潜力。通过揭示特定城市或地区如何应对挑战,以及这些挑战是如何重塑和影响该地的长期发展的,本文认为,恢复力有可能成为发展研究和地理研究的组成部分,风险和不可预测的冲击对城市韧性例子的简要见解提醒我们适应动荡的必要性,以及地点和环境在更好地理解城市韧性方面的作用
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引用次数: 1
The science tradition in physical geography: 2016 A level specifications and ‘powerful geography’ 自然地理学的科学传统:2016年A级考试规范与“强大的地理学”
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/00167487.2020.12106476
W. Whalley
In this article an overview is made of the subject content of A level 2016 specifications of physical geography by contextualising physical geography and by examining the concept of ‘powerful geogra...
在这篇文章中,通过将自然地理置于情境中,并通过考察“强大的地理”的概念,对2016级自然地理规范的主题内容进行了概述。。。
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引用次数: 7
Spotlight on… Critical school geography 重点关注……关键学校地理
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/00167487.2020.12106477
J. Huckle
Students, subject and society: the three factors shaping the aims, content and pedagogy of school geography However, the needs of students and society are contested, as are the content and modes of enquiry of geography Here, Huckle discusses the theory and practice of critical school geography
学生、主体和社会:构成学校地理目标、内容和教学法的三个因素然而,学生和社会的需求以及地理探究的内容和模式都存在争议
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引用次数: 1
Topple the racists 1: decolonising the space and institutional memory of the university 种族主义者1:大学空间和制度记忆的非殖民化
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/00167487.2020.12106473
G. Kearns
: The activism around ‘Black Lives Matter’ following the killing of George Floyd on 25 May 2020 in Minneapolis, USA, has brought further attention to the racism inscribed into the space and...
:2020年5月25日,乔治·弗洛伊德在美国明尼阿波利斯被杀后,围绕“黑人的命也是命”的激进主义进一步引起了人们对空间中种族主义的关注。。。
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引用次数: 8
Time for geography to catch up with the world 是时候让地理赶上世界了
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/00167487.2020.12106475
A. Standish
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引用次数: 0
Confronting the deafening silence on race in geography education in England: learning from anti-racist, decolonial and Black geographies 面对英国地理教育中对种族问题的震耳欲聋的沉默:从反种族主义、非殖民主义和黑人地理中学习
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/00167487.2020.12106474
S. Puttick, A. Murrey
School geography in England has been largely silent on issues around race, which stands in contrast to important strands of thought in the discipline. In this intervention, we explore two influentia...
英国的学校地理在种族问题上一直保持沉默,这与该学科的重要思想形成了鲜明对比。在这次干预中,我们探讨了两种影响……
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引用次数: 20
Uncertain or resilient geography? 不确定的还是有弹性的地理?
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/00167487.2020.12106472
S. Carr
In what is (hopefully) the first of many editorials as a member of the Geography Editorial Collective, I feel I have plunged into the (very) deep end of a swimming pool. Who would have realised jus...
作为地理编辑团体的一员,我觉得自己已经跳入了游泳池(非常)深的一端,这(希望)是我的第一篇社论。谁会意识到……
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Urbanism 比较城市主义
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-09-24 DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780199874002-0221
T. Tuvikene
“Comparative urbanism” refers to research that acknowledges the diversity of urban experiences, avoids assumptions of theoretical best fits prior to any investigation, and develops knowledge through close engagement with the diverse empirical reality. Comparative urbanism is a topic long in the making, but also rapidly emerging since the early 2000s. Led by urban studies journals such as Urban Geography and the International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, with multiple special issues on the theme, the line of research has aimed to expand the horizons of thinking on cities. Writing against a Euro-American mainstream that focuses on a limited number of major American or European cities for conceptualization and theory-making, through work by authors such as Jennifer Robinson, Ananya Roy, Colin McFarlane, and others, comparative urbanism proposes to take every city as potentially useful for theorization. Embarking from foundational works by scholars such as Charles Tilly, Janet Abu-Lughod, or Charles Pickvance, comparative urbanism tackles the existing perspectives and expands the urban theorization and empirical learning base beyond the Global North. Hence, many of the proponents of comparative urbanism have their roots in existing area studies. On the one hand, comparative urbanism is a caution for area-based studies to avoid being boxed into narrow scholarly niches. On the other hand, comparative urbanism has enabled a louder voice for area studies scholars, providing them with a more cutting-edge position in the field. Nevertheless, the target of comparative urbanism is not simply to put cities “off the map” on the map (and “back” on the map), but to revise the direction of theory-making and the conceptual development. Namely, instead of seeing theories emerging in abstract, the theorization always involves thinking from concrete cases. Mostly, however, those concrete examples at the center of such conceptual advances have been London, Chicago, or Los Angeles, instead of Johannesburg, Moscow, Mumbai, Tallinn, or Bafatá. Comparative urbanism, then, argues to switch the perspective, which does not simply expand the scope of empirical material, but also enlarges the set of questions to be asked, insights provided, and conceptualizations raised. Thus, a revised urban studies offered by comparative urbanism scholarship entails shifts in ways of doing research, and particularly the ways of comparative analysis. Instead of simply building from preexisting theory toward cases, more innovative methods of research should be envisioned. That includes unexpected comparisons of cases considered previously incommensurable or comparisons that invent new ways of narrating understandings of cities and urban processes. Such a challenge toward the taken-for-granted practices of research has not taken place uncontested, but has rather invited critiques from those defending existing conceptual frameworks, theory-making, and verification practices. Neverthel
“比较城市主义”是指承认城市经验的多样性,在任何调查之前避免理论上的最佳拟合假设,并通过密切接触不同的经验现实来发展知识的研究。比较城市化是一个酝酿已久的话题,但自21世纪初以来也迅速出现。在《城市地理》和《国际城市与区域研究杂志》等城市研究期刊的领导下,该研究系列以多期特刊为主题,旨在拓展对城市的思考视野。通过詹妮弗·罗宾逊(Jennifer Robinson)、阿南娅·罗伊(Ananya Roy)、科林·麦克法兰(Colin McFarlane。从查尔斯·蒂利(Charles Tilly)、珍妮特·阿布·卢霍德(Janet Abu Lughod)或查尔斯·皮克万斯(Charles Pickvance。因此,许多比较城市主义的支持者都植根于现有的区域研究。一方面,比较城市主义是对基于区域的研究的警告,以避免被局限在狭窄的学术领域。另一方面,比较城市主义为区域研究学者发出了更大的声音,为他们在该领域提供了更前沿的地位。然而,比较城市主义的目标并不是简单地将城市“从地图上移开”(并“回到”地图上),而是修正理论制定和概念发展的方向。也就是说,理论化总是从具体的案例中思考,而不是看到抽象的理论。然而,大多数情况下,处于这种概念进步中心的具体例子是伦敦、芝加哥或洛杉矶,而不是约翰内斯堡、莫斯科、孟买、塔林或巴法塔。因此,比较城市主义主张转换视角,这不仅扩大了实证材料的范围,还扩大了要问的一系列问题、提供的见解和提出的概念。因此,由比较城市主义奖学金提供的修订后的城市研究涉及研究方式的转变,尤其是比较分析的方式。与其简单地从已有的理论构建到案例,不如设想更具创新性的研究方法。这包括对以前被认为不可通约的案例的意外比较,或者发明了新的方式来讲述对城市和城市进程的理解的比较。这种对理所当然的研究实践的挑战并非毫无争议,而是招致了那些为现有概念框架、理论制定和验证实践辩护的人的批评。尽管如此,比较城市主义的建议已经在城市研究中找到了一席之地,并越来越多地受到新理论启发的经验见解和概念修正。
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引用次数: 0
Geographies of Diplomacy 外交地理学
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-08-26 DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780199874002-0220
Tim Jackson
From the micro-geographies of specific diplomatic sites to the global imaginations of world politics that inform diplomatic relations, diplomacy has countless spatial dimensions. In recent years, scholars from various disciplines, including geography and International Relations (IR), have begun the task of critically engaging with geographical questions that diplomacy raises. At the core of this endeavor is foregrounding the often overlooked significance of space in diplomatic practice. At a micro-scale, diplomacy is comprised of a collection of activities and materials that are necessarily located somewhere in space. These specific “sites” of diplomacy have their own spatial organization—from the seating plan of a state dinner to the offices and corridors of embassies and foreign ministries—and these locations are shaped by their unique micro-geographies. The spatial dynamics of both spectacular and mundane diplomatic sites have led scholars to draw on the core geographical concept of “place” in analyzing diplomatic practice. Location has an emotional and affective agency that influences our perception of events; decisions as to where diplomacy takes place are as significant as the diplomatic actions themselves. Beyond specific sites, scholars have also considered how diplomacy plays a much wider role in the spatialization of world politics. First, diplomacy is an act closely associated with the functionality of the state. Performing the capacity to represent a polity through engagement with external actors is a legitimacy-building process and a key tool of statecraft. Second, the act of diplomacy also has transformative potential. Encounters between states that take place in diplomatic settings can mediate disputes, ignite arguments, and generally reshape how relations between actors are imagined. Research into the geographies of diplomacy benefits from a great breadth of perspectives. At a time when technological innovation and forces of globalization have given rise to “new” diplomatic actors and practices, multiple disciplinary perspectives have highlighted the changing spatial dynamics of diplomacy. In particular, innovative theoretical and methodological approaches have been developed to study alternative diplomatic actors both “above” and “below” the state. This challenge to traditional notions of who and what might be considered as diplomatic actors suggests that scholarly work on the geographies of diplomacy sits at the forefront of engagement with the rapidly changing terrain of contemporary diplomatic practice. The works included in this bibliography were selected to reflect current trends in this vibrant and rapidly evolving subfield. They are, however, only a sample of the wider work associated with the geographies of diplomacy and should be seen as a starting point for engagement with the literature.
从特定外交地点的微观地理到为外交关系提供信息的世界政治的全球想象,外交具有无数的空间维度。近年来,来自不同学科的学者,包括地理学和国际关系(IR),已经开始批判性地参与外交提出的地理问题。这一努力的核心是突出空间在外交实践中经常被忽视的重要性。在微观尺度上,外交是由一系列活动和材料组成的,这些活动和材料必然位于空间的某个地方。这些特定的外交“地点”有自己的空间组织——从国宴的座位安排到大使馆和外交部的办公室和走廊——这些地点由其独特的微观地理环境塑造而成。无论是壮观的外交场所还是平凡的外交场所,其空间动态都促使学者们在分析外交实践时借鉴“场所”这一核心地理概念。位置具有影响我们对事件感知的情感和情感代理;决定在哪里进行外交与外交行动本身同样重要。除了具体地点之外,学者们还考虑了外交如何在世界政治的空间化中发挥更广泛的作用。首先,外交是一种与国家功能密切相关的行为。通过与外部行动者接触来表现一个政体的能力,是一个建立合法性的过程,也是治国之道的关键工具。其次,外交行动也具有变革潜力。在外交场合发生的国与国之间的接触可以调解争端,引发争论,并通常重塑人们对行为体之间关系的想象。对外交地理学的研究得益于广泛的视角。在技术创新和全球化力量催生“新”外交行为体和实践的时代,多学科视角凸显了外交空间动态的变化。特别是,已经开发出创新的理论和方法方法来研究国家“上面”和“下面”的其他外交行为体。这种对传统观念的挑战,即谁和什么可以被视为外交行为者,表明外交地理学的学术工作处于与快速变化的当代外交实践领域接触的最前沿。本参考书目中包含的作品被选中以反映这个充满活力和迅速发展的子领域的当前趋势。然而,它们只是与外交地理学相关的更广泛工作的一个样本,应被视为与文学接触的起点。
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引用次数: 0
Larissa and the global financial crisis: a Greek middle-sized city after the burst of speculative urbanisation 拉里萨与全球金融危机:投机性城市化爆发后的希腊中等城市
IF 1.4 4区 社会学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/00167487.2020.12094092
Cécile Coudrin
This article argues that, because of their function, their position and their size, middle-sized cities can shed new light on the dimensions and temporalities of the global financial crisis (GFC). ...
本文认为,由于中型城市的功能、地位和规模,它们可以为全球金融危机(GFC)的规模和暂时性提供新的启示. ...
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引用次数: 0
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Geography
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