Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1080/09644008.2023.2288021
Katja Demler, Stefanie Thurm
{"title":"Against All Odds? A Discourse Network Analysis of the Political Debate About the German Passenger Car Toll Act","authors":"Katja Demler, Stefanie Thurm","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2023.2288021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2288021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.1080/09644008.2023.2279183
Leonard Häfner, Claudia Landwehr, Lea Stallbaum
ABSTRACTDemocracy’s resilience arguably depends on political elites’ loyalty to the political system. How do elected representatives understand democracy and their own role in it? We present results of a survey conducted among German legislators in state parliaments and the Bundestag in 2022. We start by mapping the scope and content of consensus and dissent where principles of democracy and their institutionalisation are concerned and go on to hypothesise that congruence between one’s own conceptions of democracy and established institutions and practices is generally higher among established and government parties’ representatives but also dependent on ideological inclinations. Our results are overall reassuring, showing a relatively low level of polarisation in attitudes to democracy, and have implications for the study of political elites, for diagnoses of political polarisation in Germany and for the possibility and feasibility of institutional reform. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe authors thank Miriam Gill and Paul Weingärtner for excellent research assistance and Sven Hillen as well as two anonymous reviewers for German Politics for helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper.DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENTThe data that support the findings of this study are openly available in: https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/GUVA5P.DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).SUPPLEMENTAL DATA AND RESEARCH MATERIALSSupplemental data for this article can be accessed on the Taylor & Francis website, https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2279183DATA AVAILABILITY AND DEPOSITIONReplication files will be made available on the authors’ website.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the DFG [grant number LA 2388/9-1].Notes on contributorsLeonard HäfnerLeonard Häfner is doctoral researcher in the DFG-funded project ‘Conceptions of Democracy among Political Elites and Citizens’ at JGU Mainz.Claudia Landwehr has been professor of political theory and public policy at JGU Mainz since 2011. She works on deliberative theories of democracy and political representation and studies citizen and elite conceptions of democracy and process preferences. She has recently published ‘Contested Representation. Challenges, Shortcomings and Reforms’ (Cambridge University Press 2022, edited with Thomas Saalfeld and Armin Schäfer).Claudia LandwehrLea Stallbaum is doctoral researcher in the DFG-funded project ‘Conceptions of Democracy among Political Elites and Citizens’ at JGU Mainz.
{"title":"German Legislators’ Conceptions of Democracy and Process Preferences: Results from a New Survey","authors":"Leonard Häfner, Claudia Landwehr, Lea Stallbaum","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2023.2279183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2279183","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTDemocracy’s resilience arguably depends on political elites’ loyalty to the political system. How do elected representatives understand democracy and their own role in it? We present results of a survey conducted among German legislators in state parliaments and the Bundestag in 2022. We start by mapping the scope and content of consensus and dissent where principles of democracy and their institutionalisation are concerned and go on to hypothesise that congruence between one’s own conceptions of democracy and established institutions and practices is generally higher among established and government parties’ representatives but also dependent on ideological inclinations. Our results are overall reassuring, showing a relatively low level of polarisation in attitudes to democracy, and have implications for the study of political elites, for diagnoses of political polarisation in Germany and for the possibility and feasibility of institutional reform. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe authors thank Miriam Gill and Paul Weingärtner for excellent research assistance and Sven Hillen as well as two anonymous reviewers for German Politics for helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper.DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENTThe data that support the findings of this study are openly available in: https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/GUVA5P.DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).SUPPLEMENTAL DATA AND RESEARCH MATERIALSSupplemental data for this article can be accessed on the Taylor & Francis website, https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2279183DATA AVAILABILITY AND DEPOSITIONReplication files will be made available on the authors’ website.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the DFG [grant number LA 2388/9-1].Notes on contributorsLeonard HäfnerLeonard Häfner is doctoral researcher in the DFG-funded project ‘Conceptions of Democracy among Political Elites and Citizens’ at JGU Mainz.Claudia Landwehr has been professor of political theory and public policy at JGU Mainz since 2011. She works on deliberative theories of democracy and political representation and studies citizen and elite conceptions of democracy and process preferences. She has recently published ‘Contested Representation. Challenges, Shortcomings and Reforms’ (Cambridge University Press 2022, edited with Thomas Saalfeld and Armin Schäfer).Claudia LandwehrLea Stallbaum is doctoral researcher in the DFG-funded project ‘Conceptions of Democracy among Political Elites and Citizens’ at JGU Mainz.","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"5 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/09644008.2023.2275050
Sebastian Biba
ABSTRACTRussia’s invasion of Ukraine has prompted a historic turning point (Zeitenwende) in Germany. This Zeitenwende has included a caesura in Berlin’s dealings with Moscow. But what about the ripple effects on Germany’s relations with its crucial security guarantor, the United States, and its most important trading partner, China? This article investigates Germany’s triangular relations with the US and China respectively in light of the ‘Russia factor’. It does so through the theoretical lens of the so-called Strategic Triangle Approach (STA) and the notion of ‘dual triangles’. The analysis reveals that Russia’s aggression against Ukraine has triggered an amplification of previously existing trends, in that German–US ties have been further strengthened whereas the German–Chinese relationship has become fraught with additional tensions. This has led to a state of affairs whereby Germany’s long-held rationale of staying on friendly terms with both superpowers is now being put to the test like never before since the turn of the millennium. Even more importantly, however, an STA-grounded assessment of Germany’s current situation also demonstrates that even – or especially – in the era of Zeitenwende, the country may be well-advised to maintain an overall cooperative course vis-à-vis China – if indeed that is possible. DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsSebastian BibaSebastian Biba is a Senior Researcher at the Institute of Political Science at Goethe University Frankfurt and an Associate with the Institute of Asian Studies at the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) in Hamburg. In the past, he held visiting positions at Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), the University of Sydney, and Peking University. His research on Europe/Germany–US–China triangular relations has appeared in leading IR and Area Studies journals, including International Affairs, Journal of Chinese Political Science, and European Foreign Affairs Review. Additionally, Sebastian is the (co-)editor of two books on the topic.
{"title":"Germany’s Triangular Relations with the United States and China in the Era of the <i>Zeitenwende</i>","authors":"Sebastian Biba","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2023.2275050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2275050","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTRussia’s invasion of Ukraine has prompted a historic turning point (Zeitenwende) in Germany. This Zeitenwende has included a caesura in Berlin’s dealings with Moscow. But what about the ripple effects on Germany’s relations with its crucial security guarantor, the United States, and its most important trading partner, China? This article investigates Germany’s triangular relations with the US and China respectively in light of the ‘Russia factor’. It does so through the theoretical lens of the so-called Strategic Triangle Approach (STA) and the notion of ‘dual triangles’. The analysis reveals that Russia’s aggression against Ukraine has triggered an amplification of previously existing trends, in that German–US ties have been further strengthened whereas the German–Chinese relationship has become fraught with additional tensions. This has led to a state of affairs whereby Germany’s long-held rationale of staying on friendly terms with both superpowers is now being put to the test like never before since the turn of the millennium. Even more importantly, however, an STA-grounded assessment of Germany’s current situation also demonstrates that even – or especially – in the era of Zeitenwende, the country may be well-advised to maintain an overall cooperative course vis-à-vis China – if indeed that is possible. DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsSebastian BibaSebastian Biba is a Senior Researcher at the Institute of Political Science at Goethe University Frankfurt and an Associate with the Institute of Asian Studies at the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) in Hamburg. In the past, he held visiting positions at Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), the University of Sydney, and Peking University. His research on Europe/Germany–US–China triangular relations has appeared in leading IR and Area Studies journals, including International Affairs, Journal of Chinese Political Science, and European Foreign Affairs Review. Additionally, Sebastian is the (co-)editor of two books on the topic.","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"46 1‐2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/09644008.2023.2277778
Tugce Schmitt
International comparisons show that although health services are becoming increasingly digital, interconnected, and person-centred in industrialised countries, Germany lags behind in utilising and linking health data to provide better healthcare. A detailed analysis focusing on structural factors is crucial for policy studies involving international comparisons and country rankings. In Germany, factors such as the constraints of federalism, a well-established bureaucracy and a fragmented political decision-making system contribute to a deeply rooted resistance to change across various public service sectors. In the same vein, this article outlines the current landscape of data-driven innovations in the German health system. It identifies federalism, corporatism, and legislative power as three structural reasons why the country has been lagging behind in this field, while also discussing potential future developments.
{"title":"The Effects of Federalism, Corporatism and Legislative Power on Health System Transformation in Germany","authors":"Tugce Schmitt","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2023.2277778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2277778","url":null,"abstract":"International comparisons show that although health services are becoming increasingly digital, interconnected, and person-centred in industrialised countries, Germany lags behind in utilising and linking health data to provide better healthcare. A detailed analysis focusing on structural factors is crucial for policy studies involving international comparisons and country rankings. In Germany, factors such as the constraints of federalism, a well-established bureaucracy and a fragmented political decision-making system contribute to a deeply rooted resistance to change across various public service sectors. In the same vein, this article outlines the current landscape of data-driven innovations in the German health system. It identifies federalism, corporatism, and legislative power as three structural reasons why the country has been lagging behind in this field, while also discussing potential future developments.","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"46 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Recent literature data highlights metabolic changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To explore possible early metabolic changes, we aimed to analyse the fatty acids (FA) composition of erythrocytes in newly diagnosed als patients and to see whether fatty acid levels correlate with the ALSFRS-R score or disease duration.
Methods: The severity of motor function involvement was assessed by the ALSFRS-R scale at the initial evaluation. The fatty acid profile of erythrocyte membranes was analysed by gas-liquid chromatography. The study comprised 26 clinically diagnosed als patients, with mean ALSFRS-R 38±8. The control group included 26 healthy volunteers.
背景：最近的文献数据强调了肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）的代谢变化。为了探索可能的早期代谢变化，我们旨在分析新诊断的 ALS 患者红细胞中的脂肪酸（FA）组成，并研究脂肪酸水平是否与 ALSFRS-R 评分或病程相关：方法：在初次评估时，用 ALSFRS-R 量表评估运动功能受累的严重程度。气液色谱法分析了红细胞膜的脂肪酸谱。对照组包括26名健康志愿者。
{"title":"Erythrocyte fatty acid aberrations in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Correlation with disease duration.","authors":"Rajna Minić, Aleksandra Arsić, Milica Kojadinović, Aleksa Palibrk, Brizita Đorđević, Zorica Stević","doi":"10.5937/jomb0-40387","DOIUrl":"10.5937/jomb0-40387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent literature data highlights metabolic changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To explore possible early metabolic changes, we aimed to analyse the fatty acids (FA) composition of erythrocytes in newly diagnosed als patients and to see whether fatty acid levels correlate with the ALSFRS-R score or disease duration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The severity of motor function involvement was assessed by the ALSFRS-R scale at the initial evaluation. The fatty acid profile of erythrocyte membranes was analysed by gas-liquid chromatography. The study comprised 26 clinically diagnosed als patients, with mean ALSFRS-R 38±8. The control group included 26 healthy volunteers.</p>","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"24 1","pages":"621-629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10710811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81700467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1080/09644008.2023.2271300
Omran Shroufi
"Multiculturalism and the Nation in Germany: A Study in Moral Conflict." German Politics, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
德国的多元文化主义与民族:道德冲突研究《德国政治》，印刷前，第1-2页
{"title":"Multiculturalism and the Nation in Germany: A Study in Moral Conflict <b>Multiculturalism and the Nation in Germany: A Study in Moral Conflict</b> , by Paul Carls, Abingdon, Routledge, 2023, 214 pp., £120 (hardback), ISBN 9781032217703","authors":"Omran Shroufi","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2023.2271300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2271300","url":null,"abstract":"\"Multiculturalism and the Nation in Germany: A Study in Moral Conflict.\" German Politics, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1080/09644008.2023.2252765
Maximilian Tkocz, Holger Stritzel
Conceptually contributing to the literature on culture/identity, ontological security, and narrative, this article explores Germany's articulation of historical memory in light of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. We argue that this is done through (re)interpretation and contestation, combing biographical continuity and narrative adjustment. Based on an analysis of 107 speeches in the German parliament, we claim that German foreign policy discourse is marked by a tension between different principles which are rooted in a normative dispute among Germans seeking to draw the ‘right lessons’ from the country's history. This dispute is exemplified by ongoing German attempts to contextualise and situate their own past within the present through political narratives.
{"title":"Articulating Change and Responsibility: Identity, Memory, and the Use of Historical Narratives in German Parliamentary Debates on Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine","authors":"Maximilian Tkocz, Holger Stritzel","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2023.2252765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2252765","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptually contributing to the literature on culture/identity, ontological security, and narrative, this article explores Germany's articulation of historical memory in light of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. We argue that this is done through (re)interpretation and contestation, combing biographical continuity and narrative adjustment. Based on an analysis of 107 speeches in the German parliament, we claim that German foreign policy discourse is marked by a tension between different principles which are rooted in a normative dispute among Germans seeking to draw the ‘right lessons’ from the country's history. This dispute is exemplified by ongoing German attempts to contextualise and situate their own past within the present through political narratives.","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135825952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09644008.2023.2251118
Tim Engartner, Michael Schedelik
{"title":"Civic Education and Democratic Identity in Contemporary Germany: Pedagogical Principles and Didactic Challenges in Times of Right-Wing Populism","authors":"Tim Engartner, Michael Schedelik","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2023.2251118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2251118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43501373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1017/awf.2023.76
Nikki J Kells, Matthew Perrott, Craig B Johnson
Large numbers of decapod crustacea are farmed and harvested globally for human consumption. Growing evidence for the capacity of these animals to feel pain, and therefore to suffer, has led to increased concern for their welfare, including at slaughter. In New Zealand, decapod crustacea are protected by animal welfare legislation. There is a requirement that all farmed or commercially caught animals of these species killed for commercial purposes are first rendered insensible. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Crustastun™, a commercially available bench-top electrical stunner, in two commercially important New Zealand crustacean species; the rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) and kōura (freshwater crayfish [Paranephrops zealandicus]). Animals were anaesthetised via intramuscular injection of lidocaine and instrumented to record the electrical activity of the nervous system, prior to being stunned according to the manufacturer's instructions. Stunning efficacy was determined by analysing neural activity and observing behaviour post stunning. All ten P. zealandicus and three J. edwardsii appeared to be killed outright by the stun. Of the remaining J. edwardsii, six exhibited some degree of muscle tone and/or slow unco-ordinated movements of the limbs or mouthparts after stunning, although there was no recovery of spontaneous or evoked movements. One J. edwardsii was unable to be stunned successfully, likely due to its very large size (1.76 kg). None of the successfully stunned animals showed any evidence of return of awareness in the five minutes following stunning. It was concluded that the Crustastun™ is an acceptable method for killing P. zealandicus and for stunning all but the largest J. edwardsii.
全球养殖和捕捞了大量十足甲壳动物供人类食用。越来越多的证据表明，这些动物能够感受到疼痛，因此也会遭受痛苦，这导致人们越来越关注它们的福利，包括屠宰时的福利。在新西兰，十足甲壳动物受到动物福利法的保护。根据规定，所有因商业目的而被宰杀的养殖或商业捕捞的此类动物必须首先失去知觉。本研究的目的是评估商用台式电击晕器 Crustastun™ 对新西兰两种重要的商业甲壳类动物岩龙虾（Jasus edwardsii）和淡水小龙虾（kōura [Paranephrops zealandicus]）的功效。按照生产商的说明，动物在被电晕前通过肌肉注射利多卡因进行麻醉，并用仪器记录神经系统的电活动。通过分析神经活动和观察电击后的行为来确定电击效果。所有十只 P. zealandicus 和三只 J. edwardsii 似乎都被电击直接杀死。在其余的爱德华王子鲷中，有六只在电击后表现出一定程度的肌肉紧张和/或四肢或口器不协调的缓慢运动，但自发运动或诱发运动没有恢复。有一只爱德华兹鸦鸊未能被成功击晕，可能是由于其体型非常大（1.76 千克）。成功击晕的动物在击晕后的五分钟内都没有任何恢复知觉的迹象。结论是，Crustastun™ 是杀死 P. zealandicus 和击昏除最大的 J. edwardsii 以外所有其他 J. edwardsii 的一种可接受的方法。
{"title":"The efficacy of electrical stunning of New Zealand rock lobster (<i>Jasus edwardsii</i>) and freshwater crayfish (<i>Paranephrops zealandicus</i>) using the Crustastun™.","authors":"Nikki J Kells, Matthew Perrott, Craig B Johnson","doi":"10.1017/awf.2023.76","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2023.76","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large numbers of decapod crustacea are farmed and harvested globally for human consumption. Growing evidence for the capacity of these animals to feel pain, and therefore to suffer, has led to increased concern for their welfare, including at slaughter. In New Zealand, decapod crustacea are protected by animal welfare legislation. There is a requirement that all farmed or commercially caught animals of these species killed for commercial purposes are first rendered insensible. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Crustastun™, a commercially available bench-top electrical stunner, in two commercially important New Zealand crustacean species; the rock lobster (<i>Jasus edwardsii</i>) and kōura (freshwater crayfish [<i>Paranephrops zealandicus</i>]). Animals were anaesthetised via intramuscular injection of lidocaine and instrumented to record the electrical activity of the nervous system, prior to being stunned according to the manufacturer's instructions. Stunning efficacy was determined by analysing neural activity and observing behaviour post stunning. All ten <i>P. zealandicus</i> and three <i>J. edwardsii</i> appeared to be killed outright by the stun. Of the remaining <i>J. edwardsii</i>, six exhibited some degree of muscle tone and/or slow unco-ordinated movements of the limbs or mouthparts after stunning, although there was no recovery of spontaneous or evoked movements. One <i>J. edwardsii</i> was unable to be stunned successfully, likely due to its very large size (1.76 kg). None of the successfully stunned animals showed any evidence of return of awareness in the five minutes following stunning. It was concluded that the Crustastun™ is an acceptable method for killing <i>P. zealandicus</i> and for stunning all but the largest <i>J. edwardsii.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"17 1","pages":"e57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81686037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/09644008.2023.2236557
James Jackson
{"title":"(Re)coordinating the German Political Economy: E-mobility and the Verkehrswende","authors":"James Jackson","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2023.2236557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2236557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45585965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：