Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management最新文献_第5页

Exploring urban waterscape perceptions: relating landscape visual character and landscape image through a multi-perspective approach 探索城市水景感知：多视角视角下的景观视觉特征与景观形象关系

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100977

Lan Li, Diechuan Yang, Xinyu Wang, Chenyue Meng, Yawen Lu, Chi Gao

Urban waterscapes, as important components of the urban environment with a profound influence on social well-being, vividly reflect the interaction between water resources and human activities. Considering the physical attributes of the water environment and the psychological experiences of the public, this study integrated the landscape visual character framework with landscape image research method, establishing a multi-perspective approach for the assessment of urban waterscape perceptions. Through bird's-eye, interior, inner, and transcendental perspectives, this approach integrates multiple datasets and metrics while utilizing analytical techniques, such as GIS-based visual analysis, Visitor Employed Photography (VEP), Landscape Image Sketching Technique (LIST), and Semantic Network Analysis (SNA). In a case study of Wuhan's East Lake, one of the largest urban lakes in China, we identified 16 landscape visual character types and 13 landscape images, and conducted relational interpretations for three representative cases. The findings revealed: 1) distinct spatial patterns of visual character types shaped by waterbody morphology and surrounding land use; 2) typical scenes that resonated with the public, characterized by hybrid perceptual experiences and diverse comments; and 3) holistic properties emerging from the interrelation of landscape images and landscape visual character types, accompanied by experiential tensions and layered narratives. These results demonstrate that the proposed multi-perspective approach provides a comprehensive, and inclusive means of understanding the intertwined physical and psychological complexity of urban waterscape perceptions, thereby offering potential guidance for optimizing visual zoning, designing tailored on-water sightseeing routes, and mediating stakeholder conflicts in waterscape management.

城市水景是城市环境的重要组成部分，对社会福祉有着深远的影响，它生动地反映了水资源与人类活动之间的相互作用。考虑到水环境的物理属性和公众的心理体验，本研究将景观视觉特征框架与景观图像研究方法相结合，建立了城市水景感知评价的多视角方法。通过鸟瞰、室内、内部和超越视角，该方法集成了多个数据集和指标，同时利用分析技术，如基于gis的视觉分析、游客雇佣摄影（VEP）、景观图像素描技术（LIST）和语义网络分析（SNA）。以中国最大的城市湖泊之一武汉东湖为例，确定了16种景观视觉特征类型和13种景观影像，并对3个代表性案例进行了关联解读。结果表明：①水体形态和周边土地利用对视觉特征类型的空间格局有明显的影响；2)引起公众共鸣的典型场景，具有混合的感知体验和多样化的评论；3)景观形象与景观视觉人物类型的相互关系所产生的整体属性，伴随着体验张力和分层叙事。这些结果表明，本文提出的多视角方法为理解城市水景感知的物理和心理复杂性提供了一种全面、包容的方法，从而为优化视觉分区、设计量身定制的水上观光路线以及调解水景管理中的利益相关者冲突提供了潜在的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding vehicle noise as an indicator of soundscape quality in Denali National Park and Preserve 了解车辆噪音作为德纳里国家公园和自然保护区声景观质量的指标

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100971

L.A. Ferguson , P.B. Newman , D.H. Betchkal , M.F. McKenna , M. Lane , B.D. Taff

United States National Parks aim to conserve resources, including natural soundscapes for both wildlife and visitor experiences. This study identified visitors’ indicators and informed thresholds for soundscape quality at three different locations within a more accessible part of Denali National Park and Preserve (DENA), known as the frontcounty. Visitors were intercepted at either the visitor center or one of two hiking trails and asked to participate in an attended listening survey. They rated their acceptability and interpretation of each sound they heard during the 3-min listening session. Vehicle noise was heard by most visitors and rated to various degrees as unacceptable and annoying. To understand the conditions that predict visitor ratings, cumulative link models were fit for both the acceptability and interpretation of vehicle noise. The maximum sound level recorded during their listening survey, along with the location of the survey, motivation for quiet, and interference from noise, were important predictors of response to vehicle noise. The survey location had the largest effect size, suggesting that the setting of the soundscape is important in predicting visitor response. These findings are valuable for park managers and researchers who aim to understand visitor responses to soundscape indicators like vehicles and other motorized sources.

美国国家公园旨在保护资源，包括为野生动物和游客提供的自然景观。本研究确定了德纳里国家公园和自然保护区（DENA）更容易进入的部分（被称为前县）内三个不同地点的游客指标和声景质量的知情阈值。游客在游客中心或两条徒步路线中的一条被拦截，并被要求参加一项有人出席的倾听调查。他们对在3分钟的听力过程中听到的每个声音的可接受程度和解释程度进行了评分。大多数游客都听到了车辆的噪音，并在不同程度上被评为不可接受和令人讨厌。为了了解预测访问者评级的条件，累积链接模型适合于车辆噪声的可接受性和解释。在他们的听力调查中记录的最大声级，以及调查的地点，安静的动机和噪音的干扰，是对车辆噪音反应的重要预测因素。调查地点的影响最大，这表明声景的设置对预测游客的反应很重要。这些发现对公园管理者和研究人员来说很有价值，他们的目标是了解游客对声音景观指标（如车辆和其他机动来源）的反应。

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引用次数: 0

Leveraging human mobility data to assess recreational activity across the United States’ most visited National Forest 利用人类流动性数据来评估美国游客最多的国家森林的娱乐活动

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100973

Maksim Sergeyev , Mark A. Ditmer , Kira Z. Deming , Natasha Goedert , Michael K. Schwartz , Sam Massman , George Wittemyer

Increasing participation in outdoor recreation is driving elevated levels of human presence in wildlands. If properly managed, outdoor recreation can benefit conservation goals while providing the public with numerous benefits. However, balancing increased demand for recreation opportunities and maintaining ecological integrity can pose difficult tradeoffs for managers. As such, there is a need for additional data-driven resources to help inform land management decisions. Traditional approaches of measuring recreational use, such as trail counters, are costly, labor intensive, and lack the ability to efficiently scale up across large areas. Human mobility data (HMD) offers a detailed, dynamic representation of the human footprint and can provide essential information for the management of human activity at a fine resolution across broad scales. HMD is relatively low-cost and can be analyzed to discern different types of recreation behaviors (e.g., snowmobiling, hiking). Our objective was to explore how HMD can be used to better understand recreation patterns and behaviors within the White River National Forest in Colorado, the nation's most visited National Forest. We leveraged 233 million smartphone locations over 4 years to 1) discern spatial visitor use patterns by creating interactive maps of human use intensity across the WRNF, 2) classify recreation behaviors and summarize user types, 3) quantify overlap between recreation and wildlife habitat.

越来越多的人参与户外娱乐活动，这使得人类在荒地上的存在程度有所提高。如果管理得当，户外娱乐活动可以促进保护目标，同时为公众提供许多好处。然而，平衡对娱乐机会的需求增加和保持生态完整性可能给管理者带来困难的权衡。因此，需要额外的数据驱动资源来帮助为土地管理决策提供信息。传统的测量娱乐用途的方法，如小径计数器，成本高，劳动密集，并且缺乏在大范围内有效扩展的能力。人类移动数据（HMD）提供了人类足迹的详细、动态表示，可以在大尺度上以精细的分辨率为人类活动的管理提供必要的信息。HMD的成本相对较低，可以通过分析来辨别不同类型的娱乐行为（如雪地摩托、徒步旅行）。我们的目标是探索如何使用HMD来更好地了解科罗拉多州白河国家森林的娱乐模式和行为，这是美国游客最多的国家森林。我们在4年内利用2.33亿个智能手机位置，1)通过创建跨WRNF人类使用强度的交互式地图来识别空间游客使用模式，2)分类娱乐行为并总结用户类型，3)量化娱乐和野生动物栖息地之间的重叠。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial assessment of tourists' demand for cultural ecosystem services in the Kalajun World Natural Heritage Site, China 卡拉君世界自然遗产地游客文化生态系统服务需求空间评价

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100972

Ning Shang , Kaijun Cao

World Natural Heritage Sites encompass extraordinary natural phenomena and aesthetic values and play a prominent role in natural ecological protection and meeting human needs. However, the increased demand for ecotourism in the outer suburbs has caused World Natural Heritage Sites to face degradation risk or even loss of cultural ecosystem service (CES) function. Simultaneously, the academic community's spatial quantification of its CES needs and identification of its relationship with the natural environment remain unclear. Realistic requirements for protecting and developing World Natural Heritage Sites have brought many challenges to planning. Therefore, this study obtained point data related to tourist demand preferences through subjective participatory mapping and social media photos and combined them with the objective MaxEnt model to explore the spatial distribution patterns and contribution rate of tourists to the Kalajan CES demand and environmental variables at the grid scale. Furthermore, a Geodetector tool identified the key driving factors of tourists' CSE demands and the interactions between factors. The findings demonstrate that the aesthetic service experience is always the most favored and widely distributed among tourists. The tourists for high-demand CES areas are mainly concentrated in the south-central part of East Kalajun and along sightseeing vehicles. In addition, the spatial distribution patterns of aesthetics and recreational services are closely related to the vertical three-dimensional landscape of forest, grasslands, and other landforms embedded in the Kalajun tourist area. Elevation, accessibility, and Human footprint (HFP) significantly impact the spatial differentiation of tourist demand, and when combined with elevation and accessibility, the remaining driving factors are significantly enhanced.

世界自然遗产包含了非凡的自然现象和审美价值，在保护自然生态和满足人类需求方面具有突出的作用。然而，随着人们对远郊生态旅游需求的增加，世界自然遗产地面临着退化甚至丧失文化生态系统服务功能的风险。与此同时，学术界对其消费电子产品需求的空间量化及其与自然环境关系的识别仍不明确。保护和发展世界自然遗产的现实要求给规划带来了许多挑战。因此，本研究通过主观参与式测绘和社交媒体照片获取与游客需求偏好相关的点数据，并结合客观MaxEnt模型，在网格尺度上探索游客对卡拉扬CES需求和环境变量的空间分布格局和贡献率。此外，地理探测器工具识别了游客CSE需求的关键驱动因素以及因素之间的相互作用。研究结果表明，审美服务体验在游客中最受青睐，且分布广泛。高需求CES区域的游客主要集中在东卡拉琼的中南部和观光车沿线。此外，审美和游憩服务的空间分布格局与卡拉琼旅游区内嵌的森林、草原等地貌的垂直立体景观密切相关。高程、可达性和人类足迹显著影响旅游需求的空间分异，且与高程和可达性结合后，其余驱动因子显著增强。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding exposure to avalanche terrain and avalanche information product use of snowshoers and winter hikers: Insights from Mount Seymour Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada 了解雪崩地形和雪崩信息产品使用的雪鞋和冬季徒步旅行者：来自加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西摩山省立公园的见解

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100968

Griffin Slimkowich, Pascal Haegeli

Snowshoeing and winter hiking have grown substantially in the last decade. To provide this community with better avalanche safety messages, it is critical to understand their existing avalanche awareness and safety practices. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted intercept interviews with snowshoers and winter hikers at a popular backcountry trailhead outside of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and surveyed students of introductory avalanche safety courses targeted at snowshoers. Study participants shared their typical trip destinations, which we used to determine their general exposure to avalanche terrain based on the Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale (ATES). Despite the fact that all but one participant expose themselves to avalanche terrain, we found very low levels of avalanche awareness, formal training, and use of avalanche information products like the public avalanche forecast. Participants’ main reason for not using existing avalanche safety products and services was their belief that they do not expose themselves to avalanche terrain. This highlights that initiatives raising awareness of what constitutes avalanche terrain, how to recognize it and when it is safe to travel into are key starting points for improving avalanche safety practices in this community. Comparisons between study participants without formal avalanche safety training, current course students, and participants with training highlight the value of formal training and offer insights on potential pathways for raising avalanche awareness among snowshoers and winter hikers.

在过去的十年里，雪鞋徒步和冬季徒步大大增加了。为了给这个群体提供更好的雪崩安全信息，了解他们现有的雪崩意识和安全实践是至关重要的。为了解决这一知识差距，我们在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华市外一个受欢迎的野外小径上对雪鞋爱好者和冬季徒步旅行者进行了拦截采访，并调查了针对雪鞋爱好者的雪崩安全入门课程的学生。研究参与者分享了他们的典型旅行目的地，我们根据雪崩地形暴露量表（ATES）来确定他们对雪崩地形的一般暴露。尽管除了一名参与者外，所有参与者都暴露在雪崩地形中，但我们发现雪崩意识、正式培训和雪崩信息产品（如公共雪崩预报）的使用水平非常低。参与者不使用现有雪崩安全产品和服务的主要原因是他们认为自己不会暴露在雪崩地形中。这突出表明，提高人们对雪崩地形的认识，如何识别它，何时进入是安全的，是改善这个社区雪崩安全实践的关键起点。没有接受过正式雪崩安全培训的研究参与者、正在参加课程的学生和接受过培训的参与者之间的比较突出了正式培训的价值，并为提高雪鞋和冬季徒步旅行者的雪崩意识提供了潜在的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Take it or leave it: do regular hikers tend toward more responsible or deviant behaviour at Mount Fuji? 接受也好，不接受也罢：经常徒步旅行的人在富士山的行为是更负责任还是更离经叛道？

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100958

K. Shenyoputro, Thomas E. Jones

A better understanding of deviant tourist behaviour could help mitigate environmental and cultural impacts on protected areas. Aside from trash thrown by hikers, illicit mementoes and vandalism pose problems for site managers, especially in mountainous areas. This study examines hikers' perceptions of deviant behaviours such as taking scoria and leaving graffiti in the context of self-stated compliance with the ‘Leave No Trace’ (LNT) Principles on Mount Fuji's trails. After an on-site questionnaire was conducted over two summer seasons (2023–2024), a combination of independent sample t-tests and one-way Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was used to examine differences in LNT perceptions among the 525 respondents. Results revealed significant gaps among hikers linking their regular hiking experience with graffiti norms. Results also identified a link between deviant behaviour and collection of scoria as an illicit memento. A one-way MANCOVA indicated that prior experience hiking Fuji is amongst the significant covariances that influence hikers' scoria-collection behaviour. The findings may assist park managers in designing targeted educational outreach programs that discourage hikers' cultural impacts such as taking scoria and leaving graffiti.

更好地了解反常的游客行为有助于减轻对保护区的环境和文化影响。除了徒步旅行者扔的垃圾外，非法纪念品和故意破坏行为也给景点管理人员带来了问题，尤其是在山区。这项研究考察了徒步旅行者对越轨行为的看法，比如在自称遵守富士山小径“不留痕迹”（LNT）原则的背景下，带走山渣和留下涂鸦。在进行了两个夏季（2023-2024）的现场问卷调查后，使用独立样本t检验和单向多变量协方差分析（MANCOVA）相结合的方法来检验525名受访者对LNT认知的差异。结果显示，在徒步旅行者中，他们的常规徒步旅行经历与涂鸦规范之间存在显著差距。结果还确定了异常行为与收集矿渣作为非法纪念品之间的联系。单向方差分析表明，先前的富士徒步旅行经验是影响徒步旅行者收集遗骨行为的显著协方差之一。这一发现可能有助于公园管理者设计有针对性的教育推广项目，以阻止徒步旅行者的文化影响，比如带走山石和留下涂鸦。

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引用次数: 0

Using experience characteristics and coping strategies to understand visitor support for a national park managed access system: case study of arches National Park 利用体验特征和应对策略了解游客对国家公园管理通道系统的支持——以拱门国家公园为例

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100963

Iree Wheeler , Wayne Freimund , Ryan Knowles

Park and Protected Area (PPA) managers and researchers have identified a suite of tools to manage visitors to public lands, on a spectrum from indirect (education) to direct (enforcement) actions. Rationing and allocation techniques are a suite of frequently studied direct management actions in the context of wilderness, backcountry, and river use permitting. Recently, PPAs in the United States have implemented rationing and allocation techniques in high-use front-country settings, in the form of entrance reservation systems. In 2022, Arches National Park, Utah, implemented a pilot vehicle entry reservation system to address the impacts of congestion on visitor experience and biophysical resources. This study used a survey of Arches visitors (n = 537) to investigate visitor perceptions of Arches’ pilot reservation system, and how experience characteristics (i.e., ease of navigating the reservation system) and coping strategies employed by visitors (i.e., rationalization, product shift, and displacement) influence their support for public land reservation systems. Results of the study indicate high levels of support for this management action in the future. Satisfaction with the communication and navigation of the system predicted support the strongest. Coping strategies did not significantly influence support for reservation systems on future visits. These findings present valuable information for managers and policymakers when designing vehicle reservation systems in PPAs that both preserve the integrity of biophysical resources and alleviate congestion without diminishing the visitor experience.

公园和保护区（PPA）的管理者和研究人员已经确定了一套管理公共土地游客的工具，从间接（教育）到直接（执法）行动。配给和分配技术是一套经常研究的直接管理行动，在荒野，偏远地区和河流使用许可的背景下。最近，美国的购药计划在高使用率的前线国家环境中以入口预约制度的形式实施了定量配给和分配技术。2022年，犹他州拱门国家公园（Arches National Park）实施了一项试点车辆进入预订系统，以解决拥堵对游客体验和生物物理资源的影响。本研究通过对拱门游客的调查（n = 537）来调查游客对拱门试点预订系统的看法，以及游客的体验特征（即预订系统导航的便利性）和应对策略（即合理化，产品转移和流离失所）如何影响他们对公共土地保留系统的支持。研究结果表明，今后对这一管理行动的支持程度很高。对系统通信和导航的满意度预测支持度最强。应对策略对预约系统对未来访问的支持没有显著影响。这些发现为管理者和政策制定者在设计ppa中的车辆预约系统时提供了有价值的信息，这些系统既能保护生物物理资源的完整性，又能在不影响游客体验的情况下缓解拥堵。

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引用次数: 0

Why municipalities plan for outdoor recreation: a case study from the Swedish west coast 为什么市政当局计划户外娱乐：来自瑞典西海岸的案例研究

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100969

Oscar Jacobsson

Spatial planning plays a crucial role in preserving both ecological values and areas for outdoor recreation. Historically, outdoor recreation has been central to Swedish public health planning, but research shows that its integration into spatial planning has weakened, particularly in Sweden's decentralized system. Instead, outdoor recreation is often framed as an economic asset, providing attractiveness and supporting development rather than public health.

As Swedish municipalities hold a planning monopoly, they play a key role in preserving recreational areas. This study examines how 11 municipalities on the Swedish west coast—a region facing great development, conservation, and recreation pressures—integrate outdoor recreation into their plans. A qualitative analysis of comprehensive plans, combined with a case study of a nature reserve planning process in Marstrand, reveals that the primary motivation for outdoor recreation is economic growth. Coastal municipalities aim to attract both tourists and year-round residents, whereas urban and commuting areas focus on providing attractive living environments to preserve the residential population under regional/national competition.

A key conclusion is that without formal incentives, the incorporation of outdoor recreation in spatial planning is primarily motivated by an economic rationale rather than as a public health strategy. This suggests that in decentralized systems where health planning is not mandated, outdoor recreation remains secondary to economic priorities.

空间规划在保护生态价值和户外休闲空间方面起着至关重要的作用。从历史上看，户外娱乐一直是瑞典公共卫生规划的核心，但研究表明，它与空间规划的结合已经减弱，特别是在瑞典的分散系统中。相反，户外娱乐往往被视为一种经济资产，提供吸引力和支持发展，而不是公共卫生。由于瑞典市政当局拥有规划垄断权，他们在保护休闲区方面发挥着关键作用。这项研究考察了瑞典西海岸的11个城市如何将户外娱乐融入他们的规划中，这一地区面临着巨大的发展、保护和娱乐压力。综合规划的定性分析，结合Marstrand自然保护区规划过程的案例研究，揭示了户外休闲活动的主要动机是经济增长。沿海城市的目标是吸引游客和全年居民，而城市和通勤区则专注于提供有吸引力的生活环境，以在区域/国家竞争下保护居住人口。一个关键的结论是，如果没有正式的激励措施，将户外娱乐纳入空间规划主要是出于经济原因，而不是作为一种公共卫生战略。这表明，在没有强制性卫生规划的分散系统中，户外娱乐仍然次于经济优先事项。

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引用次数: 0

Awe experiences on Kumano Kodo with a kataribe 用武士刀在熊野古道上的敬畏体验

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100966

Eiji Ito , Shintaro Kono , Kei Tanisho , Tsukasa Kawanishi

Kumano Kodo, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is an ancient network of pilgrimage routes in Japan's Kii Peninsula, renowned for its cultural and spiritual significance. Recent research highlights (a) the importance of awe experiences in both nature-based and pilgrimage tourism contexts, and (b) that a kataribe, a local tour guide with historical insights, knowledge of conservation efforts, and the ability to interpret local culture and nature, may enhance awe experiences during walks on Kumano Kodo. This study aims to examine whether walking on Kumano Kodo with a kataribe contributes to awe experiences. Useable data were collected from 24 undergraduate students, 13 of whom were accompanied by a kataribe. Awe experiences were assessed using self-report and psychophysiological measurements, specifically salivary amylase levels. Findings revealed that walking on Kumano Kodo significantly increased awe experiences, regardless of the presence of the kataribe. However, follow-up analyses indicated that participants walking with the kataribe experienced significant increases in awe experiences at specific sites characterized by notable tourism attractions. This study suggests that while the intrinsic attributes of Kumano Kodo evoke awe, the information provided by the kataribe can enhance these experiences, with the impact being most pronounced at the beginning and end of the tour. No significant changes were observed in amylase levels, likely due to the counteracting effects of physical activity. The research highlights the pivotal role of a kataribe in enriching tourist experiences and emphasizes the importance of kataribe-led briefings at the beginning and end of the tour to enhance awe experiences.

熊野古道被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，是日本纪井半岛的一个古老的朝圣路线网络，以其文化和精神意义而闻名。最近的研究强调了(a)敬畏体验在以自然为基础的旅游和朝圣旅游背景下的重要性，以及(b)具有历史见解、保护工作知识和解释当地文化和自然能力的当地导游kataribe可以增强熊野古道漫步时的敬畏体验。本研究旨在探讨在熊野古道上行走是否有助于敬畏体验。研究人员从24名本科生中收集了可用的数据，其中13名学生由一名志愿者陪同。使用自我报告和心理生理测量来评估敬畏体验，特别是唾液淀粉酶水平。研究结果显示，在熊野古道上行走显著增加了敬畏体验，无论kataribe是否存在。然而，后续分析表明，与kataribe一起行走的参与者在具有著名旅游景点特征的特定地点的敬畏体验显着增加。这项研究表明，熊野古道的内在属性唤起了敬畏，而kataribe提供的信息可以增强这些体验，其影响在游览的开始和结束时最为明显。没有观察到淀粉酶水平的显著变化，可能是由于体育活动的抵消作用。该研究强调了导游在丰富游客体验方面的关键作用，并强调了导游在旅游开始和结束时引导的简报的重要性，以增强敬畏体验。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing spatial distribution of parks based on the preference for park types: A case study with an improved two-step floating catchment area method 基于公园类型偏好的公园空间布局优化——以改进的两步浮动集水区法为例

IF 4.4 3区管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100962

Lingxiang Huang , Shuyuan Yang , Shixiang Xu , Zhu Chen

2SFCA (two-step float catchment area) has been commonly adopted in the analysis of accessibility to parks. However, the allocation of parks with partly different and partly substitutable functions has not been supported by the current method. This study incorporates the conception of preference of people groups for park types and the group-type matrix into the analysis of accessibility, and improves 2SFCA for the case study of Chengdu, China. As results firstly, age groups 0–17, 18–59 and ≥ 60 have significantly different preferences for country, theme and comprehensive parks, and the spatial distribution of these age groups is not even. Secondly, for each park type, a single-peaked spatial gradient is observed, wherein accessibility values are highest in a central sub-district and decrease towards the periphery. However, the locations of these central sub-districts vary across the three park types. Thirdly in the scheme for optimization, the satisfactory accessibility values in the samples could be taken as the target for the units requiring optimization. As two clusters at the urban sub-core area are identified as lacking parks, one cluster needs to build country park 56509 m², and the other one needs 20501 m² comprehensive park at the east part, country park 81991 m² and comprehensive park 73946 m² at the north part. In addition, the area at the urban periphery requires exercise equipment, playing and educational fields although it has sufficient open space. The policy implication and measures are further proposed correspondingly.

在分析公园的可达性时，通常采用两步浮子集水区（sfca）。但是，目前的方法还不支持部分功能不同、部分功能可替代的公园的分配。本研究将人群对公园类型的偏好概念和群体类型矩阵纳入可达性分析，并以成都市为例对2SFCA进行了改进。结果表明：①0 ~ 17岁、18 ~ 59岁和≥60岁人群对乡村公园、主题公园和综合公园的偏好存在显著差异，且空间分布不均匀；其次，各公园类型均呈现单峰空间梯度，中心分区可达性值最高，向周边降低。然而，这些中心街道的位置在三种公园类型中有所不同。第三，在优化方案中，以样本中令人满意的可达性值作为优化单元的目标。由于城市副核心区的两个集群被确定为缺乏公园，一个集群需要建设国家公园56509 m2，另一个集群需要建设综合公园20501 m2，东部需要建设国家公园81991 m2，北部需要建设综合公园73946 m2。此外，城市外围的区域虽然有足够的开放空间，但需要锻炼设备、玩耍和教育场所。并进一步提出相应的政策含义和措施。

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