Recent years have seen significant growth in the psychological study of forgiveness in aging, with evidence indicating that forgiveness has the potential to facilitate a more positive aging process. Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) has emerged as a therapeutic approach with positive outcomes in treating various psychological issues, such as the resolution of emotional injuries. Yet, up until now, there are no preestablished EFT intervention protocols specifically designed to address the resolution of emotional injuries in older adults (above 65 years old).
Aims and Method
This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of an EFT protocol for resolving emotional injuries reported by an older adult. To conduct this evaluation, we employed the interpretive approach of the Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected at different times during the therapy and at two follow-up points.
Results
From the beginning of therapy to the second follow-up, the client's level of forgiveness and letting go improved. The quality of life score improved, and the depression score decreased.
Conclusions
The results corroborated significant changes regarding the resolution of client's emotional injuries throughout the psychotherapy sessions. This pioneering case study on EFT, aging, and forgiveness is discussed concerning its potential contributions for future research.
{"title":"Emotion-Focused Therapy for Resolving Emotional Injuries in Older Adults: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study","authors":"Bernardo Almeida, Sara Silva, Carla Cunha","doi":"10.1002/capr.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent years have seen significant growth in the psychological study of forgiveness in aging, with evidence indicating that forgiveness has the potential to facilitate a more positive aging process. Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) has emerged as a therapeutic approach with positive outcomes in treating various psychological issues, such as the resolution of emotional injuries. Yet, up until now, there are no preestablished EFT intervention protocols specifically designed to address the resolution of emotional injuries in older adults (above 65 years old).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims and Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of an EFT protocol for resolving emotional injuries reported by an older adult. To conduct this evaluation, we employed the interpretive approach of the Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected at different times during the therapy and at two follow-up points.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From the beginning of therapy to the second follow-up, the client's level of forgiveness and letting go improved. The quality of life score improved, and the depression score decreased.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results corroborated significant changes regarding the resolution of client's emotional injuries throughout the psychotherapy sessions. This pioneering case study on EFT, aging, and forgiveness is discussed concerning its potential contributions for future research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Altruism, which is the subject of this research, generally means helping someone else without expecting anything in return. Counsellors assist other people as part of their jobs. This study examined the altruism of counsellor candidates in the context of cultural sensitivity, social desirability and emotional intelligence.
Method
The research included a total of 542 undergraduate students, 416 women and 126 men, studying in the Guidance and Psychological Counselling Department at foundation and state universities in Istanbul. The data for the study were collected with the Altruism Scale, Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, Good Impression Scale and Emotional Intelligence Trait Scale-Short Form. Multiple linear regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modelling mediation analysis were used to analyse the data.
Results
The research concluded that the variables of cultural sensitivity, social desirability and emotional intelligence predicted the altruism of counsellor candidates. It was understood that the variance in altruism was explained most by cultural sensitivity, followed by social desirability and least by emotional intelligence. Psychological and social factors, particularly cultural sensitivity and social desirability, were found to be more effective than demographic variables in explaining altruism. Additionally, the SEM analysis indicated that cultural sensitivity mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and altruism, while social desirability had a strong direct effect on altruism.
Conclusion
In line with the results of research, it is recommended to increase the number and amount of content of courses in which students will have more comprehensive knowledge about cultural infrastructure related to their awareness, empathy levels, realistic perspectives and interactions with different individuals. It is suggested that social responsibility projects, club activities and Erasmus opportunities that will support the aims mentioned, in addition to course achievements, are supported by both lecturers and the university administration.
{"title":"Predicting the Altruism of Counsellor Candidates in Terms of Cultural Sensitivity, Social Desirability and Emotional İntelligence","authors":"Gözde Şakar, Şerife Gonca Zeren","doi":"10.1002/capr.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Altruism, which is the subject of this research, generally means helping someone else without expecting anything in return. Counsellors assist other people as part of their jobs. This study examined the altruism of counsellor candidates in the context of cultural sensitivity, social desirability and emotional intelligence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The research included a total of 542 undergraduate students, 416 women and 126 men, studying in the Guidance and Psychological Counselling Department at foundation and state universities in Istanbul. The data for the study were collected with the Altruism Scale, Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, Good Impression Scale and Emotional Intelligence Trait Scale-Short Form. Multiple linear regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modelling mediation analysis were used to analyse the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The research concluded that the variables of cultural sensitivity, social desirability and emotional intelligence predicted the altruism of counsellor candidates. It was understood that the variance in altruism was explained most by cultural sensitivity, followed by social desirability and least by emotional intelligence. Psychological and social factors, particularly cultural sensitivity and social desirability, were found to be more effective than demographic variables in explaining altruism. Additionally, the SEM analysis indicated that cultural sensitivity mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and altruism, while social desirability had a strong direct effect on altruism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In line with the results of research, it is recommended to increase the number and amount of content of courses in which students will have more comprehensive knowledge about cultural infrastructure related to their awareness, empathy levels, realistic perspectives and interactions with different individuals. It is suggested that social responsibility projects, club activities and Erasmus opportunities that will support the aims mentioned, in addition to course achievements, are supported by both lecturers and the university administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Live supervision (i.e., providing corrective feedback during therapeutic sessions) as well as roleplays are effective methods used to improve therapeutic skills in counselling and psychotherapy training. Importantly, substantial learning occurs beyond objective skill improvement. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to investigate subjective learning outcomes from roleplays with standardised patients with or without additional live supervision.
Methods
Using a content-structuring qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews with 36 psychology students (91.9% female, M = 26.7 years old, 81.0% bachelor's degree) who had previously participated in a randomised-controlled study comparing two training groups (roleplay, n = 18 vs. roleplay + live supervision, n = 18) were analysed.
Results
The students in the present study reported having learned basic communication and alliance skills, as well as conceptual knowledge. Training groups did not differ substantially in their main learning outcomes, yet the live supervision group uniquely reported learnings regarding summarising, ensuring the patient's understanding, and balancing spontaneity and structuring. The students endorsed live supervision for university teaching, and almost half of them felt that the feedback had a greater impact on their learning outcomes than the roleplays themselves.
Conclusion
Overall, the study highlights that students generated extensive knowledge about basic therapeutic skills from roleplays that were still salient up to 2 weeks later. However, only live supervision helped to put the subjectively acquired knowledge into observable skill improvement, as a comparison with the results of the randomised controlled study shows. Regarding the effectiveness of roleplays alone, it is important to offer students the opportunity for self-reflection between roleplay sessions.
{"title":"Insights From Roleplays With Standardised Patients and Live Supervision for Psychotherapy and Counselling Training—A Qualitative Study","authors":"Jule Räuchle, Franziska Kühne, Antonia Zacharias, Greta Große, Florian Weck, Ulrike Maaß","doi":"10.1002/capr.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Live supervision (i.e., providing corrective feedback during therapeutic sessions) as well as roleplays are effective methods used to improve therapeutic skills in counselling and psychotherapy training. Importantly, substantial learning occurs beyond objective skill improvement. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to investigate <i>subjective</i> learning outcomes from roleplays with standardised patients with or without additional live supervision.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a content-structuring qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews with 36 psychology students (91.9% female, <i>M</i> = 26.7 years old, 81.0% bachelor's degree) who had previously participated in a randomised-controlled study comparing two training groups (roleplay, <i>n</i> = 18 vs. roleplay + live supervision, <i>n</i> = 18) were analysed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The students in the present study reported having learned basic communication and alliance skills, as well as conceptual knowledge. Training groups did not differ substantially in their main learning outcomes, yet the live supervision group uniquely reported learnings regarding <i>summarising</i>, <i>ensuring the patient's understanding</i>, and <i>balancing spontaneity and structuring</i>. The students endorsed live supervision for university teaching, and almost half of them felt that the feedback had a greater impact on their learning outcomes than the roleplays themselves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, the study highlights that students generated extensive knowledge about basic therapeutic skills from roleplays that were still salient up to 2 weeks later. However, only live supervision helped to put the subjectively acquired knowledge into observable skill improvement, as a comparison with the results of the randomised controlled study shows. Regarding the effectiveness of roleplays alone, it is important to offer students the opportunity for self-reflection between roleplay sessions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of a wide gap between the need and availability of mental health counsellors has been a constant challenge in the Indian mental healthcare system. Considering the inherent complexity within the counselling profession and with literature evidence indicating that the fear stemming from the ambiguity of the counselling process, professional requirements, and internship experiences influences counsellors’ career decisions, it becomes crucial to focus on important factors at play.
Methods
This research aimed to investigate the relationships between tolerance of ambiguity, perfectionism, and counselling self-efficacy among trainee counsellors in India. A quantitative correlational cross-sectional design is employed. The participants constitute post-graduate students pursuing their final year of master's in counselling psychology, counselling specialization or applied psychology programmes. Participants were recruited using a purposive sampling technique (N = 435). The scales administered are as follows: (i) Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale-II (MSTAT-II), (ii) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and (iii) Counsellor Activity Self-Efficacy Scale (CASES).
Findings
The findings indicate that intolerance of ambiguity significantly correlates negatively with counselling self-efficacy, as demonstrated by Pearson correlation analysis (r = −0.254, p < 0.001). Regression results showed that tolerance of ambiguity significantly predicted 6% of counselling self-efficacy. Furthermore, an independent samples t-test indicated gender differences, with female trainee counsellors (M = 37.6; SD = 6.84) having a higher tolerance of ambiguity than males (M = 34.9; SD = 6.85); and male trainee counsellors (M = 256.3; SD = 47.36) having higher counselling self-efficacy than females (M = 219.2; SD = 55.11), with a medium to large effect size.
Discussion
This study has implications for counsellor training and allows for a deeper understanding of counsellor self-efficacy, providing insight into the current status of counselling trainees in India. Efforts should be taken to reduce ambiguity in educational and training experiences and improve tolerance and self-efficacy among male and female trainees.
{"title":"Tolerance of Ambiguity, Perfectionism, and Counselling Self-Efficacy Among Trainee Counsellors in India","authors":"Pooja Raju, N. T. Sudhesh","doi":"10.1002/capr.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of a wide gap between the need and availability of mental health counsellors has been a constant challenge in the Indian mental healthcare system. Considering the inherent complexity within the counselling profession and with literature evidence indicating that the fear stemming from the ambiguity of the counselling process, professional requirements, and internship experiences influences counsellors’ career decisions, it becomes crucial to focus on important factors at play.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research aimed to investigate the relationships between tolerance of ambiguity, perfectionism, and counselling self-efficacy among trainee counsellors in India. A quantitative correlational cross-sectional design is employed. The participants constitute post-graduate students pursuing their final year of master's in counselling psychology, counselling specialization or applied psychology programmes. Participants were recruited using a purposive sampling technique (<i>N</i> = 435). The scales administered are as follows: (i) Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale-II (MSTAT-II), (ii) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and (iii) Counsellor Activity Self-Efficacy Scale (CASES).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings indicate that intolerance of ambiguity significantly correlates negatively with counselling self-efficacy, as demonstrated by Pearson correlation analysis (<i>r</i> = −0.254, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Regression results showed that tolerance of ambiguity significantly predicted 6% of counselling self-efficacy. Furthermore, an independent samples <i>t</i>-test indicated gender differences, with female trainee counsellors (<i>M</i> = 37.6; SD = 6.84) having a higher tolerance of ambiguity than males (<i>M</i> = 34.9; SD = 6.85); and male trainee counsellors (<i>M</i> = 256.3; SD = 47.36) having higher counselling self-efficacy than females (<i>M</i> = 219.2; SD = 55.11), with a medium to large effect size.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study has implications for counsellor training and allows for a deeper understanding of counsellor self-efficacy, providing insight into the current status of counselling trainees in India. Efforts should be taken to reduce ambiguity in educational and training experiences and improve tolerance and self-efficacy among male and female trainees.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrícia Oliveira Lima, Aline Nogueira de Lira, Ananda Reis Tavares, Normanda Araujo de Morais
Introduction
This study investigated the factors associated with the marital satisfaction of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Study participants were 268 people (M = 31.63 years of age; SD = 8.33), who self-reported as lesbian (n = 112; 41.8%), gay (n = 85; 31.7%) or bisexual (n = 71; 26.5%). Of these, 124 (46.3%) reported being cisgender men, and 144 (53.7%) were cisgender women. Participants completed the following online instruments: a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Internalised Homophobia Scale, the COVID-19 Family Environment Scale (CHES) the Distress Scale, and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State.
Results
Results demonstrated that experiencing pre-pandemic contextual and individual vulnerabilities (internalised homophobia, psychological distress, being male, gay, or non-white), coupled with pandemic-related external stressors (working from home) and (un)adaptive processes during the pandemic (conflict and cohesion), negatively impacted the marital satisfaction of LGB individuals.
Conclusions and Policy Implications
This study provides a broader view of how LGB individuals experienced marital relationships during the pandemic, highlighting aspects that may either exacerbate or mitigate the potential adverse effects of the pandemic crisis on relationships.
{"title":"Factors Associated With Marital Satisfaction of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Patrícia Oliveira Lima, Aline Nogueira de Lira, Ananda Reis Tavares, Normanda Araujo de Morais","doi":"10.1002/capr.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the factors associated with the marital satisfaction of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Study participants were 268 people (<i>M</i> = 31.63 years of age; SD = 8.33), who self-reported as lesbian (<i>n</i> = 112; 41.8%), gay (<i>n</i> = 85; 31.7%) or bisexual (<i>n</i> = 71; 26.5%). Of these, 124 (46.3%) reported being cisgender men, and 144 (53.7%) were cisgender women. Participants completed the following online instruments: a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Internalised Homophobia Scale, the COVID-19 Family Environment Scale (CHES) the Distress Scale, and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results demonstrated that experiencing pre-pandemic contextual and individual vulnerabilities (internalised homophobia, psychological distress, being male, gay, or non-white), coupled with pandemic-related external stressors (working from home) and (un)adaptive processes during the pandemic (conflict and cohesion), negatively impacted the marital satisfaction of LGB individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Policy Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides a broader view of how LGB individuals experienced marital relationships during the pandemic, highlighting aspects that may either exacerbate or mitigate the potential adverse effects of the pandemic crisis on relationships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flora Logoz, Lukas Eggenberger, Michèle Schneeberger, Andreas Walther
Background
Psychotherapists differ in their treatment success depending on the patient's gender, with men being a challenging patient group for many psychotherapists. On the patient's side, traditional masculinity ideologies (TMI) have been linked to atypical symptom presentation in depression, reduced psychotherapy use, poorer therapy engagement and increased risk for psychotherapy dropout. However, the association between therapists' endorsement of TMI and their assessment of gender differences in the treatment of depressive disorders has never been investigated.
Methods
A total of 438 therapists (psychological psychotherapists or psychiatrists) from Switzerland, Germany and Austria completed an online questionnaire about their endorsement of TMI and their perceived differences in psychotherapy success in female and male depression patients.
Results
Most therapists reported no difference in their perceived treatment success for depression therapy between men and women (n = 283, 65%). However, the vast majority of the 155 (35%) psychotherapists who reported a difference in treatment success disfavoured men (n = 118, 27%) as compared to women (n = 37, 8%). Psychotherapists who disfavoured men also reported stronger endorsement of TMI as compared to psychotherapists who reported no perceived gender differences in psychotherapy success.
Conclusion
Our results reveal a group of psychotherapists (high in TMI) that perceive men with depression as harder to treat than female patients with depression. Previous findings on therapist effects suggest that this bias has a negative impact on psychotherapy outcomes in male patients. Therefore, it is important that clinicians recognise how their endorsement of TMI may bias their assessment, potentially disadvantaging male patients with depression.
{"title":"Psychotherapists' Endorsement of Traditional Masculinity Ideologies and Their Assessment of Gender Differences in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders","authors":"Flora Logoz, Lukas Eggenberger, Michèle Schneeberger, Andreas Walther","doi":"10.1002/capr.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychotherapists differ in their treatment success depending on the patient's gender, with men being a challenging patient group for many psychotherapists. On the patient's side, traditional masculinity ideologies (TMI) have been linked to atypical symptom presentation in depression, reduced psychotherapy use, poorer therapy engagement and increased risk for psychotherapy dropout. However, the association between therapists' endorsement of TMI and their assessment of gender differences in the treatment of depressive disorders has never been investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 438 therapists (psychological psychotherapists or psychiatrists) from Switzerland, Germany and Austria completed an online questionnaire about their endorsement of TMI and their perceived differences in psychotherapy success in female and male depression patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most therapists reported no difference in their perceived treatment success for depression therapy between men and women (<i>n</i> = 283, 65%). However, the vast majority of the 155 (35%) psychotherapists who reported a difference in treatment success disfavoured men (<i>n</i> = 118, 27%) as compared to women (<i>n</i> = 37, 8%). Psychotherapists who disfavoured men also reported stronger endorsement of TMI as compared to psychotherapists who reported no perceived gender differences in psychotherapy success.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results reveal a group of psychotherapists (high in TMI) that perceive men with depression as harder to treat than female patients with depression. Previous findings on therapist effects suggest that this bias has a negative impact on psychotherapy outcomes in male patients. Therefore, it is important that clinicians recognise how their endorsement of TMI may bias their assessment, potentially disadvantaging male patients with depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlotte O'Brien, Aisha Akeel, Grace McCormick, Scott Cole, Divine Charura
Objectives
Military veterans face significant holistic challenges when leaving military services and resettling back into the community. Recent research has shown that veterans experience higher rates of mental health difficulties than the general population and experience poorer treatment outcomes. The aim of this comprehensive scoping review was to map out the current therapeutic interventions used to support mental health care and resettlement for veterans across the globe, proposing key themes, noting any gaps and limitations.
Method
We followed a five-staged scoping review protocol to map the existing landscape of the veteran mental health research literature regarding therapeutic and resettlement interventions, identifying key themes by: (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying the relevant literature, (3) selecting the studies, (4) charting the data and (5) collating, summarising, and reporting the results.
Results
Results show a decline in publications regarding veteran mental health and resettlement interventions since 2018, the Americentric, ‘WEIRD’ nature of the research base, and preference for individualised, technology-based psychological interventions, with a lack of culturally-informed, community-focused, relational research.
Conclusion
This work highlights an urgent need for further non-Westernised research into holistic psychological interventions which relationally support the culturally diverse needs of veterans resettling back into their communities across the globe. It also advocates for a holistic bio-psycho-social-sexual-spiritual-existential approach to the needs of each veteran, using a culturally-informed, relational and community-based assessment, formulation, and treatment plan for embodied trauma, moving beyond the pathologisation of dis-ease, and mobilising the traumatised self back into the body, relationship and community.
{"title":"Global Approaches to Supporting Mental Health and Resettlement for Veterans With Embodied Trauma: A Comprehensive Scoping Review","authors":"Charlotte O'Brien, Aisha Akeel, Grace McCormick, Scott Cole, Divine Charura","doi":"10.1002/capr.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Military veterans face significant holistic challenges when leaving military services and resettling back into the community. Recent research has shown that veterans experience higher rates of mental health difficulties than the general population and experience poorer treatment outcomes. The aim of this comprehensive scoping review was to map out the current therapeutic interventions used to support mental health care and resettlement for veterans across the globe, proposing key themes, noting any gaps and limitations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We followed a five-staged scoping review protocol to map the existing landscape of the veteran mental health research literature regarding therapeutic and resettlement interventions, identifying key themes by: (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying the relevant literature, (3) selecting the studies, (4) charting the data and (5) collating, summarising, and reporting the results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results show a decline in publications regarding veteran mental health and resettlement interventions since 2018, the Americentric, ‘WEIRD’ nature of the research base, and preference for individualised, technology-based psychological interventions, with a lack of culturally-informed, community-focused, relational research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work highlights an urgent need for further non-Westernised research into holistic psychological interventions which relationally support the culturally diverse needs of veterans resettling back into their communities across the globe. It also advocates for a holistic bio-psycho-social-sexual-spiritual-existential approach to the needs of each veteran, using a culturally-informed, relational and community-based assessment, formulation, and treatment plan for embodied trauma, moving beyond the pathologisation of <i>dis-ease</i>, and mobilising the traumatised self back into the body, relationship and community.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), one of the main challenges in mental health care. The main objectives are to determine whether the combined use of established treatments for patients with BPD and their families leads to significant improvement in both groups. In addition, the acceptance and implementation of both programmes, as well as their feasibility, will be evaluated.
Methods
Participants will be randomly assigned to two treatment conditions: (1) STEPPS programme for patients and Family Connections programme (FC) for relatives; and (2) only STEPPS for patients. Qualified professionals from the University Hospital of La Ribera will perform the diagnosis of BPD, based on the DSM-5 criteria, using the SCID-II interview. The instruments used as primary outcome measures for participants will be: the Borderline Symptom List 23 (BSL-23), the Acquired Capability with Rehearsal for Suicide Scale (ACWRSS), and a critical incident registry. The main outcome measures for the family members will be: the Burden Assessment Scale (BAS), the Family Empowerment Scale (FES), and a critical incident registry. The protocol will include pre- and post-treatment evaluations and follow-up after 6 months.
Discussion
This approach responds to the need found in scientific literature to involve families in the treatment of BPD to improve the quality of the intervention and represent an advancement in the treatment of the disorder. This study will be the first randomised controlled trial (RCT) designed to intervene simultaneously in both populations, patients and relatives, and demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the treatment in a real clinical setting.
{"title":"Application and Analysis of the Effectiveness of the STEPPS Programme in Patients With BPD, Extended to Their Families Through the Family Connections Programme: Study Protocol of a Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Christian López-Cruz, Heliodoro Marco, Jorge Grimaldos, Paz García, Verónica Guillén, Patricia Montejano, Soledad Quero","doi":"10.1002/capr.12905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12905","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), one of the main challenges in mental health care. The main objectives are to determine whether the combined use of established treatments for patients with BPD and their families leads to significant improvement in both groups. In addition, the acceptance and implementation of both programmes, as well as their feasibility, will be evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants will be randomly assigned to two treatment conditions: (1) STEPPS programme for patients and Family Connections programme (FC) for relatives; and (2) only STEPPS for patients. Qualified professionals from the University Hospital of La Ribera will perform the diagnosis of BPD, based on the DSM-5 criteria, using the SCID-II interview. The instruments used as primary outcome measures for participants will be: the Borderline Symptom List 23 (BSL-23), the Acquired Capability with Rehearsal for Suicide Scale (ACWRSS), and a critical incident registry. The main outcome measures for the family members will be: the Burden Assessment Scale (BAS), the Family Empowerment Scale (FES), and a critical incident registry. The protocol will include pre- and post-treatment evaluations and follow-up after 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This approach responds to the need found in scientific literature to involve families in the treatment of BPD to improve the quality of the intervention and represent an advancement in the treatment of the disorder. This study will be the first randomised controlled trial (RCT) designed to intervene simultaneously in both populations, patients and relatives, and demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the treatment in a real clinical setting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Discussions around racial disparities and injustice have gained increasing prominence in psychotherapy and counselling research. However, research in this area has been criticised for its omission of Black women's experiences, including as counsellors and psychotherapeutic practitioners.
Aims
This study explored and centred the experiences of Black women within therapeutic training and practice and particularly their navigation of gendered racism within training and clinical roles.
Materials & Methods
Informed by the frameworks of critical race theory and Black feminist thought, this qualitative study used interviews, focus groups, and qualitative surveys to capture the experiences of 15 Black women (11 trainee and 4 qualified therapeutic practitioners).
Results
We found that there is subtle racism in psychotherapeutic training and practice that hinders Black women's sense of belonging and professional development. The women's accounts highlighted how marginalised perspectives can be used to critique psychotherapeutic training and services, but participants faced silencing through victimisation after self-advocating. The participants felt a sense of hypervisibility for their differences while also being excluded and overlooked for the same differences.
Discussion
The study provides insights for educational institutions and professional bodies to foster inclusive practice for Black women in the counselling and psychotherapy profession.
Conclusion
The data suggest that further research is needed that centres the experiences of Black women as therapeutic trainees and practitioners. Further research on white privilege in psychotherapeutic training and leadership, and examining resistance to changing current oppressive structures, is also needed.
{"title":"Exploring Black Women's Experiences in Psychotherapeutic Training and Practice in the UK","authors":"Melissa McCallum, Victoria Clarke","doi":"10.1002/capr.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Discussions around racial disparities and injustice have gained increasing prominence in psychotherapy and counselling research. However, research in this area has been criticised for its omission of Black women's experiences, including as counsellors and psychotherapeutic practitioners.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explored and centred the experiences of Black women within therapeutic training and practice and particularly their navigation of gendered racism within training and clinical roles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials & Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Informed by the frameworks of critical race theory and Black feminist thought, this qualitative study used interviews, focus groups, and qualitative surveys to capture the experiences of 15 Black women (11 trainee and 4 qualified therapeutic practitioners).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that there is subtle racism in psychotherapeutic training and practice that hinders Black women's sense of belonging and professional development. The women's accounts highlighted how marginalised perspectives can be used to critique psychotherapeutic training and services, but participants faced silencing through victimisation after self-advocating. The participants felt a sense of hypervisibility for their differences while also being excluded and overlooked for the same differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study provides insights for educational institutions and professional bodies to foster inclusive practice for Black women in the counselling and psychotherapy profession.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data suggest that further research is needed that centres the experiences of Black women as therapeutic trainees and practitioners. Further research on white privilege in psychotherapeutic training and leadership, and examining resistance to changing current oppressive structures, is also needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Existential fulfilment (EF), professional quality of life (ProQol) and self-efficacy (SE) have important roles in meaning in life, mental health status and enhancing decision-making among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in healthcare settings.
Aims
This study examined the relationships between EF, ProQol and SE among counsellors, physicians and nurses. Furthermore, it investigated their differences based on selected variables and examined the predictors of EF, ProQol and SE based on different demographic factors.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional correlational design was conducted with 481 participants (counsellors = 147, physicians = 162 and nurses = 172). This study used a convenience sample method to recruit participants from October to December 2023.
Results
Results found that counsellors had the highest levels of compassion satisfaction (CS) and SE, and lower levels of burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) compared to nurses and physicians. Physicians had the highest BO levels, while nurses had the highest STS levels. Physicians had the highest levels of all EF dimensions, followed by nurses. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) among all HCPs based on ProQol and EF dimensions. Educational level, age and gender were found to be the main predictors of EF dimensions, ProQol dimensions and SE.
Conclusion
Urgent psychological interventions are warranted to tackle the problem of BO and STS among physicians and nurses, while EF levels among counsellors should be investigated in further studies to understand the reasons behind these findings.
背景 存在满足感（EF）、专业生活质量（ProQol）和自我效能感（SE）对医疗机构中医护专业人员（HCPs）的生活意义、心理健康状况和提高决策能力具有重要作用。 研究目的 本研究探讨了辅导员、医生和护士的 EF、ProQol 和 SE 之间的关系。此外，本研究还根据选定的变量调查了他们之间的差异，并根据不同的人口统计学因素研究了预测 EF、ProQol 和 SE 的因素。 材料与方法 对 481 名参与者（咨询师=147 人、医生=162 人、护士=172 人）进行了横断面相关设计。本研究采用方便抽样法，在 2023 年 10 月至 12 月期间招募参与者。 结果 结果发现，与护士和医生相比，辅导员的同情满意度（CS）和SE水平最高，职业倦怠（BO）和继发性创伤压力（STS）水平较低。医生的职业倦怠（BO）水平最高，而护士的继发性创伤压力（STS）水平最高。在所有 EF 维度上，医生的水平最高，其次是护士。根据 ProQol 和 EF 维度，所有 HCP 之间存在统计学意义上的显著差异（p < 0.05）。教育水平、年龄和性别是预测 EF 维度、ProQol 维度和 SE 的主要因素。 结论 需要采取紧急心理干预措施来解决医生和护士的 BO 和 STS 问题，同时应进一步研究辅导员的 EF 水平，以了解这些发现背后的原因。
{"title":"Examining the Relationships Between Existential Fulfilment, Professional Quality of Life, and Self-Efficacy Among Counsellors, Physicians, and Nurses in Healthcare Settings","authors":"Othman A. Alfuqaha","doi":"10.1002/capr.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Existential fulfilment (EF), professional quality of life (ProQol) and self-efficacy (SE) have important roles in meaning in life, mental health status and enhancing decision-making among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in healthcare settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the relationships between EF, ProQol and SE among counsellors, physicians and nurses. Furthermore, it investigated their differences based on selected variables and examined the predictors of EF, ProQol and SE based on different demographic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional correlational design was conducted with 481 participants (counsellors = 147, physicians = 162 and nurses = 172). This study used a convenience sample method to recruit participants from October to December 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results found that counsellors had the highest levels of compassion satisfaction (CS) and SE, and lower levels of burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) compared to nurses and physicians. Physicians had the highest BO levels, while nurses had the highest STS levels. Physicians had the highest levels of all EF dimensions, followed by nurses. There were statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) among all HCPs based on ProQol and EF dimensions. Educational level, age and gender were found to be the main predictors of EF dimensions, ProQol dimensions and SE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urgent psychological interventions are warranted to tackle the problem of BO and STS among physicians and nurses, while EF levels among counsellors should be investigated in further studies to understand the reasons behind these findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号