Counselling & Psychotherapy Research最新文献_第7页

Who has the Right to Know? Negotiating Epistemic Authority in Constructionist Therapies 谁有知情权？建构主义疗法中的认知权威谈判

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70015

Ioanna Moraitou, Eleftheria Tseliou

Objectives

Constructionist therapies challenged therapists’ authority and advocated the non-hierarchical participation of all members of the therapeutic system in the therapeutic dialogue. However, therapy is institutionally constructed as an asymmetrical process, with the therapist being assigned epistemic authority, that is, the right to know, as compared to clients. Accordingly, clients may evoke therapists’ expertise by asking for advice or straightforward diagnostic assessment. Within such a context, a normative conversational pattern is the therapist being the one formulating questions and the client being the one answering such questions. However, clients may deviate from such a pattern by formulating their own questions to the therapist. The present study's aim was to investigate how participants negotiate epistemic authority, in instances where such deviations occur.

Methods

Drawing from discursive psychology and conversation analysis, we analysed 19 audiotaped therapy sessions, conducted by 3 therapists following the post-Milan systemic approach.

Results

By focusing on a conversational pattern where clients address questions to therapists and therapists respond with questions, analysis illustrates the dilemmatic ways in which therapists and clients challenge and affirm epistemic asymmetry. By addressing a question to the therapist, clients appear to resist asymmetry, while at the same time they invoke therapists’ authority, thus challenging therapists’ adherence to constructionist premises. On the other hand, therapists, by replying with questions, seem to restore the normative order of therapeutic conversation, but also resist such an invoking by not responding from a position of authority.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the dilemmatic aspects of epistemic authority negotiation in constructionist therapies.

目的建构主义疗法挑战治疗师的权威，提倡治疗系统中所有成员在治疗对话中不分等级地参与。然而，治疗在制度上被构建为一个不对称的过程，与来访者相比，治疗师被赋予了认知权威，即知情权。因此，客户可以通过寻求建议或直接的诊断评估来唤起治疗师的专业知识。在这种情况下，规范的对话模式是治疗师提出问题，客户回答问题。然而，来访者可能会通过向治疗师提出自己的问题来偏离这种模式。本研究的目的是调查参与者在这种偏差发生的情况下如何协商认知权威。方法利用话语心理学和会话分析，我们分析了19个录音治疗课程，由3名治疗师按照后米兰系统方法进行。通过关注来访者向治疗师提出问题，治疗师以问题回应的对话模式，分析说明了治疗师和来访者挑战和肯定认知不对称的两难方式。通过向治疗师提出问题，来访者似乎抵制不对称，同时他们援引治疗师的权威，从而挑战治疗师对建构主义前提的坚持。另一方面，治疗师通过回答问题，似乎恢复了治疗对话的规范秩序，但也通过不从权威的立场回应来抵制这种召唤。结论本研究结果突出了建构主义治疗中认知权威协商的困境。

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引用次数: 0

Decolonising Counsellor Education: Exploring an Emerging Paradigm 非殖民化辅导员教育：探索新兴范式

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70019

Krista M. Malott, Christian D. Chan, Saira Malhotra, Terence Yee

Background

Decolonisation has become an ubiquitous concept applied to myriad disciplines and programmes in academia in the United States. For counsellor educators, the construct is newly emerging, differentially understood, and only marginally acknowledged.

Method

Through a consensual qualitative research study, we explored the definition and application of decolonisation through 20 in-depth qualitative interviews with 10 educators who train counsellors.

Results

Thematic findings related to the defining constructs of decolonising are reported, including the complexities in operationalising the paradigm within participants’ respective training settings.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that decolonisation in counsellor education involves complex, fluid, and ambiguous definitions. Findings also alluded to how counsellor educators should interrogate the histories of their training, models, and professional standards, especially if they are steeped in colonial histories that enact violence on Indigenous communities. Findings described how counsellor educators can train practising counsellors to invite their clients to reflect on ways that leverage their community, medicines, knowledge, and relationship to land as a vehicle to restore their culture, spirituality, mind-body connection, and Indigeneity. Related to policy, findings indicated that practising counsellors and counsellor educators dismantle healthcare guidelines underlying common treatment modalities, diagnosis and DSM structures, and insurance reimbursement, which can instigate harm and stigma for historically marginalised and Indigenous communities.

非殖民化已经成为一个无处不在的概念，应用于美国学术界的无数学科和项目。对于咨询教育工作者来说，这个概念是新出现的，理解不同，认识也很有限。方法通过一项协商一致的定性研究，我们通过对10名培训辅导员的教育工作者进行20次深入的定性访谈，探讨了非殖民化的定义和应用。报告了与非殖民化定义结构相关的主题发现，包括在参与者各自的培训环境中实施范式的复杂性。结论：研究结果表明，辅导员教育中的非殖民化涉及复杂、不稳定和模糊的定义。研究结果还暗示，咨询教育者应该如何审视他们的培训、模式和专业标准的历史，特别是如果他们沉浸在对土著社区实施暴力的殖民历史中。研究结果描述了咨询教育者如何培训执业咨询师，邀请他们的客户反思如何利用他们的社区、药物、知识和与土地的关系，作为恢复他们的文化、精神、身心联系和土著性的工具。在政策方面，调查结果表明，执业咨询师和咨询教育者破坏了作为共同治疗方式、诊断和DSM结构以及保险报销基础的保健准则，这可能对历史上被边缘化的社区和土著社区造成伤害和羞辱。

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引用次数: 0

There Is no Magic Wand but There Is Ability: The Benefits of Counselling for Persons With Intellectual Disability 没有魔法棒，但有能力：为智障人士提供咨询的好处

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70016

Noel Zammit Pawley, Anne-Marie Callus

Introduction

This article presents research about counselling for persons with intellectual disability (ID) through analysing the experiences of counsellors when offering therapy to these persons and of persons with ID when receiving counselling.

Methodology

Semi-structed interviews (SSI) were carried out with six professionals and four persons with ID in Malta. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results

The professional participants affirmed that counselling affects positively, and in different ways, individuals with ID. They stated that the ID and the presenting issues determine the counselling approach. Many issues mentioned by the counsellors apply to the general population, but some are specific to persons with ID. Interestingly, the persons with ID declared that, when need be and according to their issues, they do seek help from professionals. They voiced the importance of having counsellors who are able to listen to and understand them.

Conclusion

Considering the findings and analysis, it is suggested that further research, directly involving individuals with ID, is pursued to counter the knowledge dearth on this subject.

本文通过分析心理咨询师对智障人士进行心理咨询和智障人士接受心理咨询的经验，对智障人士心理咨询进行研究。方法对马耳他的6名专业人员和4名身份证人士进行了半结构化访谈。采用自反性主题分析对数据进行分析。结果专业参与者肯定咨询以不同的方式对ID患者产生积极的影响。他们说，本报告和提出的问题决定了咨询方法。辅导员提到的许多问题适用于普通大众，但有些问题是身份证人士所特有的。有趣的是，有身份证的人声称，当需要时，根据他们的问题，他们确实寻求专业人士的帮助。他们表达了拥有能够倾听和理解他们的辅导员的重要性。结论考虑到研究结果和分析，建议进一步开展直接涉及ID个体的研究，以应对这一主题的知识匮乏。

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引用次数: 0

A Thematic Analysis of the Impact of Therapist Attachment on Intersubjectivity When Working With Clients With Complex Trauma 治疗复杂创伤客户时治疗师依恋对主体间性影响的主题分析

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12897

Elizabeth Parker, Lamprini Mangiorou, Chelsea Slater

Aim

The current study explored the influence of therapists' self-reported attachment strategies on their therapeutic relationships with clients.

Methods

Twelve therapists working with individuals with complex trauma were interviewed and Thematic Analysis was used to generate themes from the data.

Results

Key findings identified a distinction between the therapeutic alliance and a secure attachment, based on the relationship's capacity to tolerate rupture. The study found that therapists' own attachment strategies affected empathy towards clients and how the underlying process may be related to identification, where over-identification was unhelpful. The study also identified, how therapists responded to client anger was related to their attachment strategies. Whilst avoidant/dismissive therapists were better able to contain client anger, this had the potential to impact upon attunement. Findings challenged the widely accepted view of therapists needing a secure attachment, rather warmth and proximity elicited negative responses from some clients. An unexpected finding was therapists' motivations and identified the therapeutic relationship as meeting the needs of some therapists.

Conclusions

Findings reinforce the premise of counselling psychology for reflective functioning and recommend that therapists acknowledge their own attachment strategies and wounds. A better understanding into these processes may enhance the therapeutic relationship and improve treatment outcome.

目的探讨治疗师自我报告的依恋策略对其与来访者的治疗关系的影响。方法对12名治疗复杂创伤患者的治疗师进行访谈，采用主题分析法从数据中生成主题。结果：主要研究发现，基于关系的承受破裂能力，治疗联盟和安全依恋之间存在区别。研究发现，治疗师自己的依恋策略影响了对来访者的同理心，以及潜在的过程如何与认同相关，而过度认同是无益的。研究还发现，治疗师如何应对来访者的愤怒与他们的依恋策略有关。虽然回避型/不屑一顾型治疗师能够更好地控制来访者的愤怒，但这有可能影响调谐。研究结果挑战了广泛接受的观点，即治疗师需要安全的依恋，而不是温暖和接近会引起一些来访者的负面反应。一个意想不到的发现是治疗师的动机，并确定了治疗关系满足一些治疗师的需求。结论：研究结果强化了咨询心理学的反思功能前提，并建议治疗师承认自己的依恋策略和创伤。更好地了解这些过程可能会加强治疗关系并改善治疗结果。

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引用次数: 0

Emotion-Focused Therapy for Resolving Emotional Injuries in Older Adults: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study 以情绪为中心的治疗解决老年人的情绪伤害：一项解释性的单例疗效设计研究

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70014

Bernardo Almeida, Sara Silva, Carla Cunha

Background

Recent years have seen significant growth in the psychological study of forgiveness in aging, with evidence indicating that forgiveness has the potential to facilitate a more positive aging process. Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) has emerged as a therapeutic approach with positive outcomes in treating various psychological issues, such as the resolution of emotional injuries. Yet, up until now, there are no preestablished EFT intervention protocols specifically designed to address the resolution of emotional injuries in older adults (above 65 years old).

Aims and Method

This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of an EFT protocol for resolving emotional injuries reported by an older adult. To conduct this evaluation, we employed the interpretive approach of the Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected at different times during the therapy and at two follow-up points.

Results

From the beginning of therapy to the second follow-up, the client's level of forgiveness and letting go improved. The quality of life score improved, and the depression score decreased.

Conclusions

The results corroborated significant changes regarding the resolution of client's emotional injuries throughout the psychotherapy sessions. This pioneering case study on EFT, aging, and forgiveness is discussed concerning its potential contributions for future research.

近年来，宽恕与衰老的心理学研究有了显著的增长，有证据表明宽恕有可能促进更积极的衰老过程。情绪聚焦疗法（EFT）作为一种治疗方法，在治疗各种心理问题，如情绪伤害的解决方面取得了积极的成果。然而，到目前为止，还没有预先建立的EFT干预方案，专门设计用于解决老年人（65岁以上）的情绪伤害。目的和方法本研究旨在评估EFT方案解决老年人报告的情绪伤害的有效性。为了进行评估，我们采用了解释性单例疗效设计的解释方法。在治疗期间的不同时间和两个随访点收集定量和定性数据。结果从治疗开始到第二次随访，患者的宽恕和放手水平有所提高。生活质量评分提高，抑郁评分降低。结论在心理治疗过程中，来访者情绪伤害的解决发生了显著的变化。这一开创性的EFT、衰老和宽恕的案例研究讨论了其对未来研究的潜在贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting the Altruism of Counsellor Candidates in Terms of Cultural Sensitivity, Social Desirability and Emotional İntelligence 从文化敏感性、社会可取性和情感角度预测辅导员候选人的利他主义İntelligence

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70017

Gözde Şakar, Şerife Gonca Zeren

Introduction

Altruism, which is the subject of this research, generally means helping someone else without expecting anything in return. Counsellors assist other people as part of their jobs. This study examined the altruism of counsellor candidates in the context of cultural sensitivity, social desirability and emotional intelligence.

Method

The research included a total of 542 undergraduate students, 416 women and 126 men, studying in the Guidance and Psychological Counselling Department at foundation and state universities in Istanbul. The data for the study were collected with the Altruism Scale, Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, Good Impression Scale and Emotional Intelligence Trait Scale-Short Form. Multiple linear regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modelling mediation analysis were used to analyse the data.

Results

The research concluded that the variables of cultural sensitivity, social desirability and emotional intelligence predicted the altruism of counsellor candidates. It was understood that the variance in altruism was explained most by cultural sensitivity, followed by social desirability and least by emotional intelligence. Psychological and social factors, particularly cultural sensitivity and social desirability, were found to be more effective than demographic variables in explaining altruism. Additionally, the SEM analysis indicated that cultural sensitivity mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and altruism, while social desirability had a strong direct effect on altruism.

Conclusion

In line with the results of research, it is recommended to increase the number and amount of content of courses in which students will have more comprehensive knowledge about cultural infrastructure related to their awareness, empathy levels, realistic perspectives and interactions with different individuals. It is suggested that social responsibility projects, club activities and Erasmus opportunities that will support the aims mentioned, in addition to course achievements, are supported by both lecturers and the university administration.

利他主义是这项研究的主题，通常意味着帮助别人而不期望任何回报。辅导员帮助他人是他们工作的一部分。本研究考察了辅导员候选人在文化敏感性、社会可取性和情商背景下的利他主义行为。方法研究对象为伊斯坦布尔基础大学和州立大学指导与心理咨询系的542名本科生，其中女性416名，男性126名。本研究采用利他主义量表、跨文化敏感性量表、良好印象量表和情绪智力特质量表（短表）进行数据收集。采用多元线性回归分析、层次回归分析和结构方程模型中介分析对数据进行分析。结果研究发现，文化敏感性、社会期望度和情绪智力等变量可以预测咨询师候选人的利他行为。据了解，利他主义的差异主要是由文化敏感性解释的，其次是社会可取性，情商最低。研究发现，心理和社会因素，特别是文化敏感性和社会可取性，在解释利他主义方面比人口变量更有效。此外，扫描电镜分析表明，文化敏感性在情绪智力与利他主义之间起中介作用，而社会期望对利他主义有强烈的直接影响。根据研究结果，建议增加课程的数量和内容，让学生更全面地了解与他们的意识、同理心水平、现实观点和与不同个体的互动有关的文化基础设施。建议社会责任项目，俱乐部活动和伊拉斯谟机会将支持上述目标，除了课程成就，讲师和大学行政部门都支持。

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引用次数: 0

Insights From Roleplays With Standardised Patients and Live Supervision for Psychotherapy and Counselling Training—A Qualitative Study 从角色扮演与标准化患者和现场监督心理治疗和咨询培训的见解-定性研究

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70018

Jule Räuchle, Franziska Kühne, Antonia Zacharias, Greta Große, Florian Weck, Ulrike Maaß

Background

Live supervision (i.e., providing corrective feedback during therapeutic sessions) as well as roleplays are effective methods used to improve therapeutic skills in counselling and psychotherapy training. Importantly, substantial learning occurs beyond objective skill improvement. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to investigate subjective learning outcomes from roleplays with standardised patients with or without additional live supervision.

Methods

Using a content-structuring qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews with 36 psychology students (91.9% female, M = 26.7 years old, 81.0% bachelor's degree) who had previously participated in a randomised-controlled study comparing two training groups (roleplay, n = 18 vs. roleplay + live supervision, n = 18) were analysed.

Results

The students in the present study reported having learned basic communication and alliance skills, as well as conceptual knowledge. Training groups did not differ substantially in their main learning outcomes, yet the live supervision group uniquely reported learnings regarding summarising, ensuring the patient's understanding, and balancing spontaneity and structuring. The students endorsed live supervision for university teaching, and almost half of them felt that the feedback had a greater impact on their learning outcomes than the roleplays themselves.

Conclusion

Overall, the study highlights that students generated extensive knowledge about basic therapeutic skills from roleplays that were still salient up to 2 weeks later. However, only live supervision helped to put the subjectively acquired knowledge into observable skill improvement, as a comparison with the results of the randomised controlled study shows. Regarding the effectiveness of roleplays alone, it is important to offer students the opportunity for self-reflection between roleplay sessions.

现场监督（即在治疗过程中提供纠正反馈）和角色扮演是在咨询和心理治疗培训中提高治疗技能的有效方法。重要的是，实质性的学习超越了客观技能的提高。出于这个原因，本研究的目的是调查标准化患者角色扮演的主观学习结果，有或没有额外的现场监督。方法采用内容结构化定性方法，对36名曾参加过角色扮演训练组（n = 18）和角色扮演+现场监督训练组（n = 18）的心理学专业学生进行半结构化访谈分析，其中女性91.9%,M = 26.7，本科81.0%。结果本研究的学生掌握了基本的沟通和联盟技能，并掌握了基本的概念知识。训练组在主要的学习成果上并没有很大的不同，但是现场监督组在总结、确保患者理解、平衡自发性和结构化方面的学习情况是独一无二的。学生们支持大学教学的现场监督，几乎一半的人认为反馈对他们的学习成果的影响比角色扮演本身更大。总的来说，该研究强调学生从角色扮演中获得了关于基本治疗技能的广泛知识，这些知识在两周后仍然很突出。然而，与随机对照研究的结果相比，只有现场监督有助于将主观获得的知识转化为可观察到的技能提高。就角色扮演的有效性而言，在角色扮演课程之间为学生提供自我反思的机会是很重要的。

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引用次数: 0

Tolerance of Ambiguity, Perfectionism, and Counselling Self-Efficacy Among Trainee Counsellors in India 印度受训辅导员对模糊性、完美主义和辅导自我效能的容忍度

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70013

Pooja Raju, N. T. Sudhesh

Background

The presence of a wide gap between the need and availability of mental health counsellors has been a constant challenge in the Indian mental healthcare system. Considering the inherent complexity within the counselling profession and with literature evidence indicating that the fear stemming from the ambiguity of the counselling process, professional requirements, and internship experiences influences counsellors’ career decisions, it becomes crucial to focus on important factors at play.

Methods

This research aimed to investigate the relationships between tolerance of ambiguity, perfectionism, and counselling self-efficacy among trainee counsellors in India. A quantitative correlational cross-sectional design is employed. The participants constitute post-graduate students pursuing their final year of master's in counselling psychology, counselling specialization or applied psychology programmes. Participants were recruited using a purposive sampling technique (N = 435). The scales administered are as follows: (i) Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale-II (MSTAT-II), (ii) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and (iii) Counsellor Activity Self-Efficacy Scale (CASES).

Findings

The findings indicate that intolerance of ambiguity significantly correlates negatively with counselling self-efficacy, as demonstrated by Pearson correlation analysis (r = −0.254, p < 0.001). Regression results showed that tolerance of ambiguity significantly predicted 6% of counselling self-efficacy. Furthermore, an independent samples t-test indicated gender differences, with female trainee counsellors (M = 37.6; SD = 6.84) having a higher tolerance of ambiguity than males (M = 34.9; SD = 6.85); and male trainee counsellors (M = 256.3; SD = 47.36) having higher counselling self-efficacy than females (M = 219.2; SD = 55.11), with a medium to large effect size.

Discussion

This study has implications for counsellor training and allows for a deeper understanding of counsellor self-efficacy, providing insight into the current status of counselling trainees in India. Efforts should be taken to reduce ambiguity in educational and training experiences and improve tolerance and self-efficacy among male and female trainees.

心理健康咨询师的需求和可用性之间存在巨大差距，这一直是印度精神卫生保健系统面临的挑战。考虑到咨询职业固有的复杂性，以及文献证据表明，咨询过程、专业要求和实习经历的模糊性所产生的恐惧会影响咨询师的职业决策，关注起作用的重要因素变得至关重要。方法本研究旨在调查印度实习咨询师歧义容忍度、完美主义与咨询自我效能的关系。采用定量相关截面设计。参与者包括攻读咨询心理学、咨询专业或应用心理学课程硕士学位最后一年的研究生。采用有目的的抽样技术招募参与者（N = 435）。使用的量表如下：(1)多重刺激类型模糊容忍量表（MSTAT-II），(2)多维完美主义量表（MPS）和(3)辅导员活动自我效能量表（CASES）。Pearson相关分析显示，不容忍模棱两可与咨询自我效能显著负相关（r = - 0.254, p < 0.001）。回归结果显示，歧义容忍度显著预测6%的咨询自我效能。此外，独立样本t检验显示性别差异，女性见习辅导员(M = 37.6；SD = 6.84)对歧义的容忍度高于男性(M = 34.9；sd = 6.85)；男性见习辅导员(M = 256.3；SD = 47.36)的心理咨询自我效能感高于女性(M = 219.2；SD = 55.11)，效应量中到大。本研究对咨询师培训具有启示意义，并允许更深入地了解咨询师自我效能感，为印度咨询学员的现状提供见解。应努力减少教育和培训经验的模糊性，提高男女受训者的容忍度和自我效能。

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引用次数: 0

Factors Associated With Marital Satisfaction of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People During the COVID-19 Pandemic COVID-19 大流行期间女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋者婚姻满意度的相关因素

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70010

Patrícia Oliveira Lima, Aline Nogueira de Lira, Ananda Reis Tavares, Normanda Araujo de Morais

Introduction

This study investigated the factors associated with the marital satisfaction of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Study participants were 268 people (M = 31.63 years of age; SD = 8.33), who self-reported as lesbian (n = 112; 41.8%), gay (n = 85; 31.7%) or bisexual (n = 71; 26.5%). Of these, 124 (46.3%) reported being cisgender men, and 144 (53.7%) were cisgender women. Participants completed the following online instruments: a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Internalised Homophobia Scale, the COVID-19 Family Environment Scale (CHES) the Distress Scale, and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State.

Results

Results demonstrated that experiencing pre-pandemic contextual and individual vulnerabilities (internalised homophobia, psychological distress, being male, gay, or non-white), coupled with pandemic-related external stressors (working from home) and (un)adaptive processes during the pandemic (conflict and cohesion), negatively impacted the marital satisfaction of LGB individuals.

Conclusions and Policy Implications

This study provides a broader view of how LGB individuals experienced marital relationships during the pandemic, highlighting aspects that may either exacerbate or mitigate the potential adverse effects of the pandemic crisis on relationships.

本研究旨在调查2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋（LGB）个体婚姻满意度的相关因素。方法研究对象为268人(M = 31.63岁；SD = 8.33)，自述为女同性恋者(n = 112；41.8%)，同性恋(n = 85；31.7%)或双性恋(n = 71；26.5%)。其中124人（46.3%）为顺性男性，144人（53.7%）为顺性女性。参与者完成了以下在线工具：社会人口调查问卷、内化同性恋恐惧症量表、COVID-19家庭环境量表（CHES）、痛苦量表和Golombok Rust婚姻状态量表。结果表明，经历大流行前的环境和个人脆弱性（内化的同性恋恐惧症、心理困扰、身为男性、同性恋或非白人），再加上大流行期间与大流行相关的外部压力（在家工作）和（非）适应性过程（冲突和凝聚力），对LGB个体的婚姻满意度产生了负面影响。这项研究提供了一个更广泛的视角，了解LGB个人在大流行期间如何经历婚姻关系，突出了可能加剧或减轻大流行危机对婚姻关系的潜在不利影响的方面。

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引用次数: 0

Psychotherapists' Endorsement of Traditional Masculinity Ideologies and Their Assessment of Gender Differences in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders 心理治疗师对传统男性意识形态的认同及其对抑郁症治疗中性别差异的评估

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/capr.70008

Flora Logoz, Lukas Eggenberger, Michèle Schneeberger, Andreas Walther

Background

Psychotherapists differ in their treatment success depending on the patient's gender, with men being a challenging patient group for many psychotherapists. On the patient's side, traditional masculinity ideologies (TMI) have been linked to atypical symptom presentation in depression, reduced psychotherapy use, poorer therapy engagement and increased risk for psychotherapy dropout. However, the association between therapists' endorsement of TMI and their assessment of gender differences in the treatment of depressive disorders has never been investigated.

Methods

A total of 438 therapists (psychological psychotherapists or psychiatrists) from Switzerland, Germany and Austria completed an online questionnaire about their endorsement of TMI and their perceived differences in psychotherapy success in female and male depression patients.

Results

Most therapists reported no difference in their perceived treatment success for depression therapy between men and women (n = 283, 65%). However, the vast majority of the 155 (35%) psychotherapists who reported a difference in treatment success disfavoured men (n = 118, 27%) as compared to women (n = 37, 8%). Psychotherapists who disfavoured men also reported stronger endorsement of TMI as compared to psychotherapists who reported no perceived gender differences in psychotherapy success.

Conclusion

Our results reveal a group of psychotherapists (high in TMI) that perceive men with depression as harder to treat than female patients with depression. Previous findings on therapist effects suggest that this bias has a negative impact on psychotherapy outcomes in male patients. Therefore, it is important that clinicians recognise how their endorsement of TMI may bias their assessment, potentially disadvantaging male patients with depression.

背景心理治疗师根据患者的性别不同，其治疗的成功率也不同，对于许多心理治疗师来说，男性患者是一个具有挑战性的患者群体。在患者方面，传统男性意识形态（TMI）与抑郁症的非典型症状表现、心理治疗使用率降低、治疗参与度降低以及心理治疗辍学风险增加有关。然而，治疗师对 TMI 的认可与他们对抑郁障碍治疗中性别差异的评估之间的关联却从未被研究过。方法共有来自瑞士、德国和奥地利的 438 名治疗师（心理治疗师或精神科医生）填写了一份在线问卷，内容涉及他们对 TMI 的认可度以及他们对女性和男性抑郁症患者心理治疗成功率差异的看法。结果大多数治疗师表示，他们认为男女抑郁症治疗的成功率没有差异（n = 283，65%）。然而，在 155 名（35%）报告治疗成功率存在差异的心理治疗师中，绝大多数不看好男性（n = 118，27%），而看好女性（n = 37，8%）。与认为心理治疗成功率没有性别差异的心理治疗师相比，不喜欢男性的心理治疗师也更认可 TMI。结论我们的研究结果表明，有一类心理治疗师（TMI 高）认为男性抑郁症患者比女性抑郁症患者更难治疗。之前关于治疗师效应的研究结果表明，这种偏见会对男性患者的心理治疗结果产生负面影响。因此，临床医生必须认识到他们对 TMI 的认可可能会使他们的评估出现偏差，从而可能对男性抑郁症患者造成不利影响。

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引用次数: 0