Counselling & Psychotherapy Research最新文献_第7页

Client deception in therapy is associated with worse therapeutic relationships and perceived therapeutic outcomes 客户在治疗中的欺骗行为与治疗关系和感知治疗结果的恶化有关

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12767

Christian L. Hart, Mykala Barnett, Drew A. Curtis

Objectives

In psychotherapy, clients and therapists work together to forge a path towards better mental health. Key to this process is genuine and honest communication. However, much previous research suggests that clients are not always fully truthful with their therapists. In this study, we make a preliminary examination of the relationship between client deception in therapy, the quality of the therapeutic relationship and therapeutic outcomes.

Methods

Participants who had been involved in psychotherapy completed a variety of measures that assessed their use of dishonesty in therapy. They also completed measures of the quality of the client–therapist relationship and measures of their perceived therapeutic outcomes. We hypothesised that client dishonesty would negatively correlate with the perceived quality of the therapeutic relationship and the therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, we predicted that the quality of the therapeutic relationship would mediate the relationship between client dishonesty and perceived therapeutic outcomes.

Results

The results of correlation and mediation analyses supported these hypotheses. Client dishonesty was associated with poorer therapeutic relationships and worse perceived therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, therapeutic relationship quality partially mediated the relationship between client dishonesty and therapeutic outcomes.

Conclusions

This initial study provides important tentative insights into the possible negative correlates of client dishonesty in the therapeutic environment.

在心理治疗中，求助者和治疗师携手合作，共同开辟一条通往更好的心理健康之路。这一过程的关键在于真诚和诚实的沟通。然而，以往的许多研究表明，求助者并不总是对治疗师完全诚实。在本研究中，我们对客户在治疗中的欺骗行为、治疗关系的质量和治疗结果之间的关系进行了初步研究。曾经接受过心理治疗的参与者完成了各种测量，以评估他们在治疗中使用不诚实行为的情况。他们还完成了客户与治疗师之间关系质量的测量以及他们感知的治疗结果的测量。我们假设，求助者的不诚实会与治疗关系的感知质量和治疗结果呈负相关。此外，我们还预测治疗关系的质量会对客户不诚实与感知治疗结果之间的关系起到中介作用。客户不诚实与较差的治疗关系和较差的感知治疗结果有关。此外，治疗关系质量在一定程度上调节了客户不诚实与治疗结果之间的关系。这项初步研究为了解客户不诚实在治疗环境中可能产生的负面影响提供了重要的初步见解。

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引用次数: 0

When the therapist's and the client's woundedness meet: Dialogical selves of Filipino self-identified wounded healers 当治疗师和客户的创伤相遇：菲律宾自我认同的受伤治疗者的对话自我

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12768

Anne Marie D. Topacio, Mira Alexis P. Ofreneo

Introduction

The dominant literature on wounded healers assumes that the healer must be healed of one's wounds to be an effective therapist and that countertransference, moments in therapy when a healer's wounds are activated, must be successfully managed. Lacking in the literature is an understanding of the internal dynamics of wounded healers as they navigate moments of countertransference. Veering away from a unitary and static view of the self, we argue for a shift in how we understand wounded healers using the lens of a multiple and dynamic self. Through Herman's dialogical self-theory, we conceptualise the wounded healer as having multiple selves—the wounded self (WS) and the therapist self (TS). Each self is an I-position with its own unique voices and narratives.

Method

Through in-depth interviews with Filipino self-identified wounded healers, we examine the internal voices of the WS and TS during moments of countertransference, as the WS meets the client's wounded self.

Findings

Results show that the participants' characterisation of their WS, or where they are in their journey of healing or recovery, shapes their countertransference experience. Participants with recovered WS channelled the voices of calm recognition and differentiation. Voices of identification, re-experiencing and differentiation surfaced among participants with recovering WS. Participants with emerging WS transitioned from a voice of not knowing to a voice of identification.

Conclusion

Being aware of and listening to the voices of the WS alongside the TS is key in navigating countertransference. The implications of a dialogical understanding of wounded healers in clinical practice are discussed.

关于受伤治疗师的主流文献假定，治疗师必须治愈自己的创伤，才能成为一名有效的治疗师，而且必须成功管理反移情，即在治疗过程中治疗师的创伤被激活的时刻。文献中缺乏对受伤的治疗者在反移情过程中的内在动力的理解。我们摒弃了单一、静态的自我观，主张从多元、动态的自我视角出发，转变对受伤治疗者的理解方式。通过赫尔曼的对话自我理论，我们将受伤治疗者概念化为具有多重自我的人--受伤自我（WS）和治疗师自我（TS）。通过对菲律宾自我认同的受伤治疗者进行深入访谈，我们研究了在反移情过程中，当受伤治疗者与客户的受伤自我相遇时，受伤治疗者和治疗师的内在声音。结果显示，参与者对其受伤治疗者的描述，或他们在治疗或康复过程中的状态，影响了他们的反移情体验。已康复的 WS 参与者会发出平静的认可和区分的声音。正在康复的 WS 参与者中出现了认同、重新体验和区分的声音。意识到并倾听 WS 与 TS 的声音是驾驭反移情的关键。本文讨论了在临床实践中以对话方式理解受伤治疗者的意义。

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引用次数: 0

‘My recovery is in English’: Clients' language choices in multilingual psychotherapy 我的康复是用英语进行的"：客户在多语言心理治疗中的语言选择

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12769

Leila Verkerk, Janet M. Fuller, Mike Huiskes, Anja Schüppert

Background

Psychotherapy is constituted through language. Due to voluntary migration or forced mobility, many people do not have access to therapy in their first language (L1). How multilingual clients manage their languages in therapy is an issue many therapists need to address in their practice. Psychotherapy is about trauma, emotions and identity, and when a multilingual client chooses a particular language, it may influence their emotional expression, cause a cultural misunderstanding, and a distorted presentation of who they are.

Aims

In this study, we investigated how clients perceive psychotherapy in a foreign language (LX). We also aimed to provide psychotherapists with more insights into the effect of language choices on the course and outcome of therapy.

Methods

We conducted 30 semi-structured interviews with multilingual clients who had experience with therapy in LX. The data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings

The data revealed that there is not one correlation between language and emotion, and that different backgrounds may lead to different preferences for the language of therapy; for some, LX may be preferred because it provides emotional distance necessary for discussing past trauma; for others, LX feels inadequate for expressing themselves fully.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that there is a need for multilingual psychotherapists to learn more about their clients' linguistic and cultural profiles and how they play a role in emotion communication to facilitate a smoother therapeutic process and a more beneficial outcome.

心理治疗是通过语言构成的。由于自愿移民或被迫流动，许多人无法用自己的第一语言（L1）接受治疗。在治疗过程中，多语言客户如何管理自己的语言，是许多治疗师在实践中需要解决的问题。心理治疗涉及创伤、情感和身份认同，当多语言客户选择了一种特定的语言时，可能会影响他们的情感表达，造成文化误解，扭曲他们的身份。我们还旨在为心理治疗师提供更多关于语言选择对治疗过程和结果的影响的见解。我们对有过外语治疗经历的多语种客户进行了 30 次半结构式访谈。数据显示，语言与情感之间并不存在单一的相关性，不同的背景可能会导致对治疗语言的不同偏好；对某些人来说，LX 可能是首选，因为它为讨论过去的创伤提供了必要的情感距离；而对另一些人来说，LX 感觉不足以充分表达自己。我们的数据表明，多语言心理治疗师需要更多地了解客户的语言和文化特征，以及它们在情感交流中的作用，以促进更顺利的治疗过程和更有益的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Pluralistic psychotherapists' and counsellors' experiences of working with actively suicidal clients: A qualitative interpretative phenomenological analysis 多元心理治疗师和辅导员与有自杀倾向的求助者合作的经验：定性解释现象学分析

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12760

Leo Muckley

Background

Clients presenting as suicidal have been widely recognised as one of the most challenging presenting issues for psychotherapists and counsellors. There is a wealth of literature exploring risk assessment, collaboration, goals, tasks, methods, shared decision making and client preferences employed in therapy with this presenting issue. Yet, no literature explicitly explores combining these approaches or provides a framework that integrates them. Working with actively suicidal clients as a pluralistic psychotherapist and counsellor (PCP) has not been thoroughly examined to date, even though this framework and philosophy for therapy combines many of the aforementioned approaches. Therefore, it is imperative that ways of working safely with this presenting issue, for both the client and the practitioner, are explored and researched through the lens of PCP.

Objective

To interpret and explore pluralistic psychotherapists' and counsellors' experiences of working with actively suicidal clients to find what might be added to the body of knowledge.

Methods

A qualitative interpretative phenomenological analysis of PCP with actively suicidal clients was conducted via four semi-structured recorded interviews. Four participants were recruited purposively. Four themes and two subthemes were identified and explored.

Discussion

The findings showed PCP to be a robust holistic approach to actively suicidal clients that is safe for both client and practitioner. Furthermore, the results point towards the need for further research into the idea that PCP is useful when working with actively suicidal clients in line with recommended best practice from the client's perspective.

人们普遍认为，有自杀倾向的客户是心理治疗师和辅导员面临的最具挑战性的问题之一。有大量文献探讨了在治疗这一问题时所采用的风险评估、合作、目标、任务、方法、共同决策和客户偏好。然而，还没有文献明确探讨如何将这些方法结合起来，或提供一个将它们整合在一起的框架。作为一名多元化心理治疗师和辅导员（PCP），尽管这种治疗框架和理念结合了上述多种方法，但迄今为止还没有对积极自杀客户的工作进行深入研究。因此，当务之急是通过 PCP 的视角来探索和研究如何为客户和从业者安全地处理这一问题。通过四次半结构化录音访谈，对 PCP 与有自杀倾向的客户进行了定性解释现象学分析。我们有目的地招募了四名参与者。研究结果表明，对有自杀倾向的求助者而言，PCP 是一种强有力的整体治疗方法，对求助者和治疗师都是安全的。此外，研究结果还表明，有必要从客户的角度出发，根据推荐的最佳实践，进一步研究 PCP 在与有自杀倾向的客户合作时是否有用。

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引用次数: 0

eXplainable AI for routine outcome monitoring and clinical feedback 用于常规结果监测和临床反馈的易用人工智能

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12764

Hans Jacob Westbye, Christian Moltu, Andrew A. McAleavey

Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically machine learning (ML), is adept at identifying patterns and insights from vast amounts of data from routine outcome monitoring (ROM) and clinical feedback during treatment. When applied to patient feedback data, AI/ML models can assist clinicians in predicting treatment outcomes. Common reasons for clinician resistance to integrating data-driven decision-support tools in clinical practice include concerns about the reliability, relevance and usefulness of the technology coupled with perceived conflicts between data-driven recommendations and clinical judgement. While AI/ML-based tools might be precise in guiding treatment decisions, it might not be possible to realise their potential at present, due to implementation, acceptability and ethical concerns. In this article, we will outline the concept of eXplainable AI (XAI), a potential solution to these concerns. XAI refers to a form of AI designed to articulate its purpose, rationale and decision-making process in a manner that is comprehensible to humans. The key to this approach is that end-users see a clear and understandable pathway from input data to recommendations. We use real Norse Feedback data to present an AI/ML example demonstrating one use case for XAI. Furthermore, we discuss key learning points that we will employ in future XAI implementations.

人工智能（AI），特别是机器学习（ML），善于从治疗过程中的常规结果监测（ROM）和临床反馈的大量数据中识别模式和洞察力。将人工智能/ML 模型应用于患者反馈数据时，可帮助临床医生预测治疗结果。临床医生抵制在临床实践中整合数据驱动型决策支持工具的常见原因包括对技术可靠性、相关性和实用性的担忧，以及认为数据驱动型建议与临床判断之间存在冲突。虽然基于人工智能/ML 的工具可以精确地指导治疗决策，但由于实施、可接受性和伦理方面的原因，目前可能还无法实现其潜力。在本文中，我们将概述可解释人工智能（XAI）的概念，这是解决这些问题的潜在方案。XAI 指的是一种人工智能，旨在以人类可理解的方式阐明其目的、原理和决策过程。这种方法的关键在于，终端用户可以看到从输入数据到建议之间清晰易懂的路径。我们使用真实的 Norse Feedback 数据来介绍一个人工智能/人工智能示例，展示 XAI 的一个用例。此外，我们还讨论了我们将在未来的 XAI 实施中采用的关键学习点。

{"title":"eXplainable AI for routine outcome monitoring and clinical feedback","authors":"Hans Jacob Westbye, Christian Moltu, Andrew A. McAleavey","doi":"10.1002/capr.12764","DOIUrl":"10.1002/capr.12764","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically machine learning (ML), is adept at identifying patterns and insights from vast amounts of data from routine outcome monitoring (ROM) and clinical feedback during treatment. When applied to patient feedback data, AI/ML models can assist clinicians in predicting treatment outcomes. Common reasons for clinician resistance to integrating data-driven decision-support tools in clinical practice include concerns about the reliability, relevance and usefulness of the technology coupled with perceived conflicts between data-driven recommendations and clinical judgement. While AI/ML-based tools might be precise in guiding treatment decisions, it might not be possible to realise their potential at present, due to implementation, acceptability and ethical concerns. In this article, we will outline the concept of eXplainable AI (XAI), a potential solution to these concerns. XAI refers to a form of AI designed to articulate its purpose, rationale and decision-making process in a manner that is comprehensible to humans. The key to this approach is that end-users see a clear and understandable pathway from input data to recommendations. We use real Norse Feedback data to present an AI/ML example demonstrating one use case for XAI. Furthermore, we discuss key learning points that we will employ in future XAI implementations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.12764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141018395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of virtual reality exposure therapy on anxiety symptoms and physiological measures among individuals experiencing claustrophobia 虚拟现实暴露疗法对幽闭恐惧症患者焦虑症状和生理指标的影响

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12765

Fuad El-Qirem, Malakeh Z. Malak, Hasan Abualruz, Suhaib Abuhazeem, Ahlam Amro

Introduction

Innovative technologies, including virtual reality (VR), can be used for conducting VR exposure therapy (VRET) for individuals with psychiatric disorders, including claustrophobia. Unfortunately, there is a lack of studies on the effect of VR in treating claustrophobia in Arab countries, including Jordan. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of VRET on minimising anxiety symptoms at 1 week post-therapy and the physiological arousal measures (heart rate, O₂ saturation and mean arterial pressure) of participants before and following therapy.

Methods

A pre-/post-test one-group design was used, and participants (N = 44) who suffered from claustrophobia from Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan were recruited. VRET was conducted using the Cave experience, which consists of four stages and was carried out in 4 to 6 sessions during the period from April to September 2023.

Results

The findings revealed a significant difference between pre- and post-VR simulation intervention for anxiety symptoms and physiological measures; in addition, the participants perceived the usability of VR therapy.

Conclusion

This study suggested that VRET was effective in managing claustrophobia, particularly in minimising anxiety symptoms. Therefore, VRET can be integrated into the therapeutic methods for individuals with claustrophobia. Also, healthcare professionals, including mental health counsellors, can adopt such therapy in their management and treatment plan.

导言：包括虚拟现实（VR）在内的创新技术可用于对包括幽闭恐惧症在内的精神疾病患者进行虚拟现实暴露疗法（VRET）。遗憾的是，在包括约旦在内的阿拉伯国家，缺乏有关虚拟现实治疗幽闭恐惧症效果的研究。因此，本研究旨在评估 VRET 在治疗后一周内对减轻焦虑症状的效果，以及治疗前和治疗后参与者的生理唤醒指标（心率、氧气饱和度和平均动脉压）。方法采用前/后测试的单组设计，从约旦 Al-Zaytoonah 大学招募患有幽闭恐惧症的参与者（N = 44）。在 2023 年 4 月至 9 月期间，采用洞穴体验法进行了 4 至 6 次 VRET，包括四个阶段。结果研究结果表明，在焦虑症状和生理指标方面，VR 模拟干预前后有显著差异；此外，参与者认为 VR 治疗可用。结论本研究表明，VRET 能有效控制幽闭恐惧症，尤其是在减少焦虑症状方面。因此，可将 VRET 纳入针对幽闭恐惧症患者的治疗方法中。此外，医护人员（包括心理健康辅导员）也可在其管理和治疗计划中采用这种疗法。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the use of ChatGPT as a psychoeducational tool for mental health practice 评估将 ChatGPT 作为心理健康实践中的心理教育工具的使用情况

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12759

Rakesh K. Maurya, Steven Montesinos, Mikhail Bogomaz, Amanda C. DeDiego

Background

Psychoeducation is an important part of mental health services offered by counsellors. This study used qualitative content analysis to explore ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence (AI) tool, as a resource for psychoeducation in the context of mental health.

Method

Researchers created carefully crafted prompts based on common psychoeducational themes provided to clients, covering seven critical areas: depression, anxiety, general health, substance abuse, religious/spiritual issues, lifestyle, routine health habits and interpersonal matters. A coding manual was developed encompassing six criteria to assess the quality of psychoeducational responses of ChatGPT: accuracy, clarity, relevance, empathy, engagement and ethical considerations.

Findings

The reviewers assessed ChatGPT's responses to 21 psychoeducational prompts as accurate, clear and relevant, with an empathic tone in responses to emotionally challenging queries. ChatGPT engages users by offering actionable steps and suggestions. The tool consistently demonstrated ethical considerations by advising users to consult qualified professionals when necessary. The findings suggested ChatGPT's potential as a reliable source of psychoeducation, particularly for individuals with very limited access to mental health resources.

Conclusion

This research underscores ChatGPT's potential as a valuable psychoeducational resource for mental health concerns while emphasising the need for ongoing assessment and user feedback to address its limitations and ensure responsible practice in the dynamic field of AI-powered mental health support. Future studies should explore user experiences and incorporate diverse perspectives to further enhance our understanding of ChatGPT's utility in real-world mental health contexts.

心理教育是辅导员心理健康服务的重要组成部分。本研究采用定性内容分析的方法，探讨了ChatGPT作为一种生成式人工智能（AI）工具在心理健康背景下的心理教育资源。研究人员根据提供给客户的常见心理教育主题精心制作了提示，涵盖七个关键领域：抑郁、焦虑、一般健康、药物滥用、宗教/精神问题、生活方式、日常健康习惯和人际关系问题。编写了一份编码手册，其中包含六个标准来评估ChatGPT心理教育反应的质量：准确性、清晰度、相关性、同理心、参与度和道德考虑。评审者评估了ChatGPT对21个心理教育提示的回答是准确、清晰和相关的，在回答情感上具有挑战性的问题时带有同理心的语气。ChatGPT通过提供可操作的步骤和建议来吸引用户。该工具通过建议用户在必要时咨询合格的专业人员来始终如一地展示道德考虑。研究结果表明，ChatGPT有潜力成为心理教育的可靠来源，特别是对于那些获得心理健康资源非常有限的个人。本研究强调了ChatGPT作为一种有价值的心理健康教育资源的潜力，同时强调了持续评估和用户反馈的必要性，以解决其局限性，并确保在人工智能驱动的心理健康支持的动态领域中负责任的实践。未来的研究应该探索用户体验，并纳入不同的观点，以进一步提高我们对ChatGPT在现实世界心理健康背景下的效用的理解。

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引用次数: 0

What would an existential approach bring to research supervision in postgraduate psychotherapy and counselling psychology education? 存在主义方法会给研究生心理治疗和心理咨询教育的研究督导带来什么？

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12763

Simon Wharne, Claire Arnold-Baker, Nancy Hakim-Dowek

Background

Qualitative/phenomenological research approaches are popular in counselling psychology and psychotherapy post-graduate training. This article attends to the experience of research supervision in this setting, where there is a need for containment, compassion, clarity and empathy (Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 2021a, 22, 689).

Aims

This article aims to bring the philosophical development of qualitative/phenomenological research back into focus. It asks what extra value would be brought to the supervision of trainees through existential awareness and phenomenological exploration. The authors offer ways in which existential awareness can be developed and utilised in research supervision.

Materials and Methods

The results of a small survey into the experiences of students are used to ground our observations in practice.

Results

A relational tension is implied, where trust and good communication are essential. An existential anxiety could be prompted, when a trainee's world shifts from being homely, to uncanny and strange. In these experiences of groundlessness, the world no longer provides a sense of certainty about one's possibilities, and one feels estranged and uncomfortably self-aware. Fostering this awareness can mean that teaching and supervisory relationships are experienced in their intersubjective, free and creative dynamics.

Discussion

Attending to Threshold Concepts can support the transformational nature of professional training, which is often an experience of uncertainty. Likewise, Socratic Questioning and irony contribute to the development of critical thinking, reflexivity and the harnessing of assumptions.

Conclusion

Existential awareness will enable the development of more authentic relationships across the therapeutic and educational encounters of training.

定性/现象学研究方法在咨询心理学和心理治疗研究生培训中很受欢迎。本文探讨了在这种环境下进行研究督导的经验，在这种环境下，需要包容、同情、清晰和共情（《咨询与心理治疗研究》，2021a, 22, 689）。本文旨在重新聚焦定性/现象学研究的哲学发展。本文旨在让人们重新关注定性/现象学研究的哲学发展，并提出通过存在主义意识和现象学探索，能为督导受训者带来哪些额外价值的问题。作者提出了在研究督导中培养和利用存在主义意识的方法。对学生经历进行的一项小型调查的结果被用来为我们在实践中的观察提供依据。其中隐含着一种关系紧张，在这种关系中，信任和良好的沟通至关重要。当学员的世界从温馨如家转变为不可思议和陌生时，可能会引发一种生存焦虑。在这种无地自容的体验中，世界不再为一个人的可能性提供确定感，一个人感到疏离和不自在的自我意识。关注阈限概念可以支持专业培训的变革性，而专业培训往往是一种不确定的体验。同样，苏格拉底式提问和反讽有助于发展批判性思维、反思性和利用假设。

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引用次数: 0

Qualitative accounts from deliberate practice training for empathic communication among psychotherapy trainees 心理治疗学员共情沟通刻意练习培训的定性分析

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12761

Karina Nurse, Melissa O'Shea, Jade Sheen

Background

Empathic communication is a key therapeutic skill in psychotherapy. However, questions regarding the most effective and suitable teaching methods to support development in this area remain. Preliminary evidence has supported deliberate practice (DP) as an emerging approach for enhancing therapeutic skills, such as empathic communication; however, little is understood about its acceptability from a trainee perspective.

Aims

Eleven fourth-year psychology undergraduate students were interviewed about their experience of receiving online group-based DP training for empathic communication.

Materials & Methods

Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse interview transcripts.

Results

Participants described observing improvements in their use of empathic communication, including attitudinal and behavioural changes and shifts in self-awareness. Participants also described valuing self-observation and the personalised, iterative nature of the DP model in supporting their learning. Nevertheless, DP was also experienced as challenging by some trainees, who reflected that it provoked initial feelings of uncertainty and anxiety.

Discussion

This study highlights that undergraduate students may benefit from group DP training that fosters psychological safety and seeks to mitigate potential challenges, can be customised to their individual skill level and is incorporated alongside other learning approaches.

Conclusion

Future research is encouraged to build on these findings by examining the impact of DP on objective measures of empathic communication.

移情沟通是心理治疗中的一项重要治疗技能。然而，有关支持这一领域发展的最有效、最合适的教学方法的问题依然存在。11名心理学四年级本科生接受了访谈，讲述了他们接受在线小组共情沟通DP培训的经历，访谈记录采用了反思性主题分析法进行分析。参与者还描述了对自我观察的重视，以及 DP 模式在支持他们学习方面的个性化和迭代性。本研究强调，本科生可能会受益于促进心理安全和寻求缓解潜在挑战的集体DP培训，这种培训可以根据他们的个人技能水平进行定制，并与其他学习方法相结合。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding how doctoral researchers perceive research supervision to impact their mental health and well-being 了解博士研究人员如何看待研究督导对其心理健康和幸福的影响

IF 1.2 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Counselling & Psychotherapy Research

Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12762

Cassie M. Hazell, Clio Berry, Daisy Haywood, Jo Birkett, Jay-Marie Mackenzie, Jeremy Niven

Background

A number of risk and protective factors have been identified in association with the mental health of doctoral researchers (DRs). One consistent factor noted in the limited available literature is the role of the supervisor. This literature is largely quantitative though, meaning less is known about how DRs experience supervision and its impact on their mental health.

Aim

The aim of this study was to explore how DRs experience research supervision and its impact on their mental health and wellbeing using qualitative methods at scale.

Materials and Methods

We analysed the free-text responses of 1783 UK-based DRs collected as part of the nationwide U-DOC survey.

Results

Using reflexive thematic analysis, we found two superordinate themes capturing how DRs perceive research supervision and its impact on their mental health: (1) supervision as a conduit and (2) supervision as a mirror.

Discussion

Broadly, these themes encapsulate how supervisors can directly trigger, exacerbate or protect against mental health problems in DRs, as well as supervision providing an opportunity for DRs to learn more about themselves and their mental health.

Conclusion

Our findings support the need for compulsory supervisor training on positive supervisory practices as well as understanding and responding compassionately to DRs with mental health difficulties.

与博士研究人员（DRs）的心理健康相关的风险和保护因素有很多。在有限的现有文献中，一个一致的因素是导师的作用。本研究旨在使用定性方法，大规模探讨博士研究人员如何体验研究督导及其对其心理健康和幸福感的影响。我们分析了作为全国性 U-DOC 调查一部分的 1783 名英国博士研究人员的自由文本回复。通过使用反思性主题分析，我们发现了两个能够捕捉博士研究人员如何看待研究督导及其对其心理健康的影响的首要主题：(1) 督导作为一种渠道和 (2) 督导作为一面镜子。从广义上讲，这些主题概括了督导如何直接引发、加剧或防止 DRs 的心理健康问题，以及督导如何为 DRs 提供了更多了解自己及其心理健康的机会。我们的研究结果表明，有必要对督导进行有关积极督导实践的强制性培训，以及理解和同情有心理健康问题的 DRs。

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