With growing linguistic and cultural diversity in the United States, there is a critical need to train counsellors who can provide linguistically and culturally responsive services. English as an Additional Language (EAL) counsellor trainees possess the potential to offer multilingual counselling but frequently experience Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA), which can hinder their counselling self-efficacy.
Methodology
This study employed a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of EAL counsellor trainees who encounter FLA. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants to understand how these trainees perceive and manage their language-related anxiety within counselling settings.
Findings
The analysis revealed four key themes: (1) trainees' appraisal of their FLA experiences, (2) the reframing of FLA by emphasising the advantages of bilingual/multilingual identities, (3) the use of specific coping strategies to manage anxiety, and (4) the outcomes of these strategies on their confidence and professional growth.
Conclusion
Findings highlight the complex emotional and cognitive processes EAL trainees undergo when navigating FLA. Implications are discussed for counselling programmes, educators, and supervisors to better support EAL trainees through culturally attuned training practices that foster resilience and multilingual competence.
{"title":"English as an Additional Language Counsellor Trainees' Experiences and Coping Strategies of Foreign Language Anxiety: A Phenomenological Study","authors":"Yiying Xiong, Liwei Zhao, Japman Kaur Kandola, Linyi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/capr.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With growing linguistic and cultural diversity in the United States, there is a critical need to train counsellors who can provide linguistically and culturally responsive services. English as an Additional Language (EAL) counsellor trainees possess the potential to offer multilingual counselling but frequently experience Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA), which can hinder their counselling self-efficacy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employed a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of EAL counsellor trainees who encounter FLA. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants to understand how these trainees perceive and manage their language-related anxiety within counselling settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis revealed four key themes: (1) trainees' appraisal of their FLA experiences, (2) the reframing of FLA by emphasising the advantages of bilingual/multilingual identities, (3) the use of specific coping strategies to manage anxiety, and (4) the outcomes of these strategies on their confidence and professional growth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings highlight the complex emotional and cognitive processes EAL trainees undergo when navigating FLA. Implications are discussed for counselling programmes, educators, and supervisors to better support EAL trainees through culturally attuned training practices that foster resilience and multilingual competence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nathan Beel, E. A. Cocodia, Katrina Andrews, Stephani Stephens, Sonam Pelden, Shannon Hodges
Background
This paper presents an analysis of the current research landscape within the Australian counselling profession, identifying key challenges and proposing a strategic approach to building research capacity.
Problem Statement
Written by a taskforce of educational leaders, it reports their perceptions and experiences of the multifaceted challenges hindering research development. These challenges encompass the limited pipeline of future doctoral-trained counselling educators, the barriers to promotion opportunities for current counsellor educators, and the impact these deficits may have on the profession overall.
Proposed Solutions
To address these challenges, the paper proposes a series of targeted strategies aimed at stakeholders across the research ecosystem.
Conclusion
The intention of disseminating these strategies is to support counselling professionals in other regions who may be interested in further development of their own research capacity.
{"title":"Building the Australian Counselling Profession's Research Capacity for the Future: A Collaborative Strategic Approach","authors":"Nathan Beel, E. A. Cocodia, Katrina Andrews, Stephani Stephens, Sonam Pelden, Shannon Hodges","doi":"10.1002/capr.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper presents an analysis of the current research landscape within the Australian counselling profession, identifying key challenges and proposing a strategic approach to building research capacity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem Statement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Written by a taskforce of educational leaders, it reports their perceptions and experiences of the multifaceted challenges hindering research development. These challenges encompass the limited pipeline of future doctoral-trained counselling educators, the barriers to promotion opportunities for current counsellor educators, and the impact these deficits may have on the profession overall.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Proposed Solutions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address these challenges, the paper proposes a series of targeted strategies aimed at stakeholders across the research ecosystem.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intention of disseminating these strategies is to support counselling professionals in other regions who may be interested in further development of their own research capacity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma Leigh Pasiuk, Katy Schroeder, Anastasia C. Stellato
Introduction
The relational bond between client and therapist in mental healthcare, referred to as the working alliance, can influence treatment effectiveness and clinical outcomes. Counselling and psychotherapy that incorporates horse interactions and equine specialists (ES) introduces complex relational dynamics.
Methods
To investigate working alliances in these settings, we developed and tested a survey instrument to collect working alliance scores with each team member (mental health provider [MHP], ES, and therapy horses), demographic characteristics, and other service-related variables (e.g., facilitators' working relationship). We used the Working Alliance Inventory—Short Revised (WAI-SR) to measure the working alliance between participants and their MHP and ES and the bond domain with their horse. Items were modified and created to assess the unique roles of ES and horses.
Results
A Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed no significant differences in bond scores between MHP and ES (p = 0.52). Linear regressions indicated that working alliance scores with each team member were positively associated with participants' perceptions of their facilitation team working relationship.
Conclusion
Future research should explore the validity of the instrument and how clients' perceptions of team member relationships influence therapeutic outcomes.
{"title":"Working Alliances in Counselling and Psychotherapy Incorporating Horse Interactions","authors":"Emma Leigh Pasiuk, Katy Schroeder, Anastasia C. Stellato","doi":"10.1002/capr.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The relational bond between client and therapist in mental healthcare, referred to as the working alliance, can influence treatment effectiveness and clinical outcomes. Counselling and psychotherapy that incorporates horse interactions and equine specialists (ES) introduces complex relational dynamics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate working alliances in these settings, we developed and tested a survey instrument to collect working alliance scores with each team member (mental health provider [MHP], ES, and therapy horses), demographic characteristics, and other service-related variables (e.g., facilitators' working relationship). We used the Working Alliance Inventory—Short Revised (WAI-SR) to measure the working alliance between participants and their MHP and ES and the bond domain with their horse. Items were modified and created to assess the unique roles of ES and horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed no significant differences in bond scores between MHP and ES (<i>p</i> = 0.52). Linear regressions indicated that working alliance scores with each team member were positively associated with participants' perceptions of their facilitation team working relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Future research should explore the validity of the instrument and how clients' perceptions of team member relationships influence therapeutic outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samantha Zurita-Calderón, Jorge Valdiviezo-Oña, Chris Evans, Clara Paz
Introduction
The use of outcome measures in psychotherapy has grown substantially as a method for tracking change. However, the exclusive reliance on quantitative measures may neglect contextual and relational factors affecting client experiences. This study explored how therapist perceptions and contextual factors may play a role in the interpretation of routine outcome monitoring (ROM) scores. The aim was to critically examine two therapy cases where ROM scores indicated no reliable change, yet clients demonstrated narrative improvements from the therapist's view.
Methods
This naturalistic study was conducted in a university-affiliated psychotherapy centre. Two clients undergoing narrative therapy completed the CORE-OM before therapy and CORE-10 session-by-session to monitor psychological distress. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) was used to assess the statistical significance of CORE-10 score changes. These outcomes were contrasted with information derived from therapist observations.
Results
Neither client showed statistically significant or reliable change in psychological distress across therapy. However, the therapist's analysis of clients' narratives revealed significant improvements in self-concept and relational dynamics. Themes such as expected family roles, sociocultural expectations and gender norms were key in shaping clients' experiences of psychological distress.
Conclusions
ROM scores can be useful for tracking clients' change, but their potential is amplified when integrated within a broader monitoring framework that includes therapist observations, and an understanding of the influence of systemic factors on psychological distress. We advocate for multimodal monitoring in psychotherapy research and practice to address the heterogeneity and diversity of change in therapy.
{"title":"What Stories Does Routine Outcome Monitoring Tell? Contrasting Psychological Distress Scores With In-Therapy Narratives","authors":"Samantha Zurita-Calderón, Jorge Valdiviezo-Oña, Chris Evans, Clara Paz","doi":"10.1002/capr.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of outcome measures in psychotherapy has grown substantially as a method for tracking change. However, the exclusive reliance on quantitative measures may neglect contextual and relational factors affecting client experiences. This study explored how therapist perceptions and contextual factors may play a role in the interpretation of routine outcome monitoring (ROM) scores. The aim was to critically examine two therapy cases where ROM scores indicated no reliable change, yet clients demonstrated narrative improvements from the therapist's view.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This naturalistic study was conducted in a university-affiliated psychotherapy centre. Two clients undergoing narrative therapy completed the CORE-OM before therapy and CORE-10 session-by-session to monitor psychological distress. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) was used to assess the statistical significance of CORE-10 score changes. These outcomes were contrasted with information derived from therapist observations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neither client showed statistically significant or reliable change in psychological distress across therapy. However, the therapist's analysis of clients' narratives revealed significant improvements in self-concept and relational dynamics. Themes such as expected family roles, sociocultural expectations and gender norms were key in shaping clients' experiences of psychological distress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ROM scores can be useful for tracking clients' change, but their potential is amplified when integrated within a broader monitoring framework that includes therapist observations, and an understanding of the influence of systemic factors on psychological distress. We advocate for multimodal monitoring in psychotherapy research and practice to address the heterogeneity and diversity of change in therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The STrAtegies for RelaTives (START) programme was designed in the United Kingdom to support informal dementia carers. This study was designed to assess therapists' perspectives on the feasibility of START in the Australian healthcare context in terms of its acceptability to therapists (i.e., confidence in delivery, perceived client rapport, and perceived change in client outcomes), its adaptation for delivery via telehealth, and integration with telehealth technologies.
Methods
Fourteen therapists were randomly allocated to deliver START or cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and commenced treatment with 18 carers (START: n = 13 overall, n = 7 via telehealth; CBT: n = 5 overall, n = 3 via telehealth). Mixed methods surveys were used to collect therapists' perspectives on acceptability and integration. Quantitative comparisons were made using independent sample t-tests, and qualitative responses were analysed using a theoretical semantic approach.
Results
Postsession confidence in intervention delivery, but not client rapport or perceived change in client outcomes, was higher for START than CBT (p = 0.034). Postsession change in client outcomes, but not therapist confidence or client rapport, was lower for telehealth delivery (p = 0.043). START was a beneficial experience for therapists, with content fostering carer engagement; however, concerns included a high volume of programme content. While technological issues were thought to have a negative impact on client rapport, telehealth enabled access to care.
Conclusions
START was acceptable to therapists and can be effectively delivered via telehealth. Recourse to telephone-only-based care may reduce the impact of technological issues on acceptability outcomes for therapists.
{"title":"Feasibility of a Telehealth Intervention for Dementia Carers: Therapist Perspectives","authors":"Alison Walter, Kaylene Kilham, Briony Dow, Penny Rapaport, Gill Livingston, Michelle Kelly","doi":"10.1002/capr.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The STrAtegies for RelaTives (START) programme was designed in the United Kingdom to support informal dementia carers. This study was designed to assess therapists' perspectives on the feasibility of START in the Australian healthcare context in terms of its acceptability to therapists (i.e., confidence in delivery, perceived client rapport, and perceived change in client outcomes), its adaptation for delivery via telehealth, and integration with telehealth technologies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fourteen therapists were randomly allocated to deliver START or cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and commenced treatment with 18 carers (START: <i>n =</i> 13 overall, <i>n</i> = 7 via telehealth; CBT: <i>n =</i> 5 overall, <i>n</i> = 3 via telehealth). Mixed methods surveys were used to collect therapists' perspectives on acceptability and integration. Quantitative comparisons were made using independent sample <i>t</i>-tests, and qualitative responses were analysed using a theoretical semantic approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Postsession confidence in intervention delivery, but not client rapport or perceived change in client outcomes, was higher for START than CBT (<i>p</i> = 0.034). Postsession change in client outcomes, but not therapist confidence or client rapport, was lower for telehealth delivery (<i>p</i> = 0.043). START was a beneficial experience for therapists, with content fostering carer engagement; however, concerns included a high volume of programme content. While technological issues were thought to have a negative impact on client rapport, telehealth enabled access to care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>START was acceptable to therapists and can be effectively delivered via telehealth. Recourse to telephone-only-based care may reduce the impact of technological issues on acceptability outcomes for therapists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent research suggests that there are aspects of Hashimoto's disease (HD) for which medical treatment may be limited. Medical treatment of HD involves returning thyroid hormone levels to the normal reference range, a condition called euthyroidism. Poor quality of life (QOL), low psychological well-being, depression, anxiety, and stress are among the factors associated with symptoms that persist despite being euthyroid.
Method
Considering these findings, the present study investigated the effects of dialectical behaviour therapy skills training (DBT-ST), group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and a waitlist group on QOL, stress, and related variables in euthyroid HD women (N = 62). Data was collected pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at two-month follow-up.
Results
Results demonstrated that the DBT-ST intervention provided statistically significant benefits, while no significant changes occurred in the group CBT and waitlist group. Among the outcome variables, DBT-ST was found to significantly increase the general health domain of QOL, the environmental mastery subscale of psychological well-being, the persistence subscale of emotional reactivity, and the tolerance subscale of distress tolerance, and significantly decrease levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and difficulties in emotion regulation. Economic status was identified as a covariate for anxiety and stress, and body mass index for general health. Considering the effects of covariates, DBT-ST explained the decrease in stress by 10.1%, an additional 2.7% compared to economic status, which explained 7.4% (p < 0.05).
Discussion
Future research in line with the recommendations of this study may further contribute to the development of HD treatment guidelines.
{"title":"Dialectical Behaviour Therapy Skills Training and Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Hashimoto's Disease: Data on Quality of Life, Stress and Related Variables From a Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Kadriye Slocum, F. Isil Bilican","doi":"10.1002/capr.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent research suggests that there are aspects of Hashimoto's disease (HD) for which medical treatment may be limited. Medical treatment of HD involves returning thyroid hormone levels to the normal reference range, a condition called euthyroidism. Poor quality of life (QOL), low psychological well-being, depression, anxiety, and stress are among the factors associated with symptoms that persist despite being euthyroid.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Considering these findings, the present study investigated the effects of dialectical behaviour therapy skills training (DBT-ST), group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and a waitlist group on QOL, stress, and related variables in euthyroid HD women (<i>N</i> = 62). Data was collected pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at two-month follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results demonstrated that the DBT-ST intervention provided statistically significant benefits, while no significant changes occurred in the group CBT and waitlist group. Among the outcome variables, DBT-ST was found to significantly increase the general health domain of QOL, the environmental mastery subscale of psychological well-being, the persistence subscale of emotional reactivity, and the tolerance subscale of distress tolerance, and significantly decrease levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and difficulties in emotion regulation. Economic status was identified as a covariate for anxiety and stress, and body mass index for general health. Considering the effects of covariates, DBT-ST explained the decrease in stress by 10.1%, an additional 2.7% compared to economic status, which explained 7.4% (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Future research in line with the recommendations of this study may further contribute to the development of HD treatment guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Constructionist therapies challenged therapists’ authority and advocated the non-hierarchical participation of all members of the therapeutic system in the therapeutic dialogue. However, therapy is institutionally constructed as an asymmetrical process, with the therapist being assigned epistemic authority, that is, the right to know, as compared to clients. Accordingly, clients may evoke therapists’ expertise by asking for advice or straightforward diagnostic assessment. Within such a context, a normative conversational pattern is the therapist being the one formulating questions and the client being the one answering such questions. However, clients may deviate from such a pattern by formulating their own questions to the therapist. The present study's aim was to investigate how participants negotiate epistemic authority, in instances where such deviations occur.
Methods
Drawing from discursive psychology and conversation analysis, we analysed 19 audiotaped therapy sessions, conducted by 3 therapists following the post-Milan systemic approach.
Results
By focusing on a conversational pattern where clients address questions to therapists and therapists respond with questions, analysis illustrates the dilemmatic ways in which therapists and clients challenge and affirm epistemic asymmetry. By addressing a question to the therapist, clients appear to resist asymmetry, while at the same time they invoke therapists’ authority, thus challenging therapists’ adherence to constructionist premises. On the other hand, therapists, by replying with questions, seem to restore the normative order of therapeutic conversation, but also resist such an invoking by not responding from a position of authority.
Conclusion
Our findings highlight the dilemmatic aspects of epistemic authority negotiation in constructionist therapies.
{"title":"Who has the Right to Know? Negotiating Epistemic Authority in Constructionist Therapies","authors":"Ioanna Moraitou, Eleftheria Tseliou","doi":"10.1002/capr.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Constructionist therapies challenged therapists’ authority and advocated the non-hierarchical participation of all members of the therapeutic system in the therapeutic dialogue. However, therapy is institutionally constructed as an asymmetrical process, with the therapist being assigned epistemic authority, that is, the right to know, as compared to clients. Accordingly, clients may evoke therapists’ expertise by asking for advice or straightforward diagnostic assessment. Within such a context, a normative conversational pattern is the therapist being the one formulating questions and the client being the one answering such questions. However, clients may deviate from such a pattern by formulating their own questions to the therapist. The present study's aim was to investigate how participants negotiate epistemic authority, in instances where such deviations occur.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drawing from discursive psychology and conversation analysis, we analysed 19 audiotaped therapy sessions, conducted by 3 therapists following the post-Milan systemic approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By focusing on a conversational pattern where clients address questions to therapists and therapists respond with questions, analysis illustrates the dilemmatic ways in which therapists and clients challenge and affirm epistemic asymmetry. By addressing a question to the therapist, clients appear to resist asymmetry, while at the same time they invoke therapists’ authority, thus challenging therapists’ adherence to constructionist premises. On the other hand, therapists, by replying with questions, seem to restore the normative order of therapeutic conversation, but also resist such an invoking by not responding from a position of authority.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight the dilemmatic aspects of epistemic authority negotiation in constructionist therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krista M. Malott, Christian D. Chan, Saira Malhotra, Terence Yee
Background
Decolonisation has become an ubiquitous concept applied to myriad disciplines and programmes in academia in the United States. For counsellor educators, the construct is newly emerging, differentially understood, and only marginally acknowledged.
Method
Through a consensual qualitative research study, we explored the definition and application of decolonisation through 20 in-depth qualitative interviews with 10 educators who train counsellors.
Results
Thematic findings related to the defining constructs of decolonising are reported, including the complexities in operationalising the paradigm within participants’ respective training settings.
Conclusion
Findings suggest that decolonisation in counsellor education involves complex, fluid, and ambiguous definitions. Findings also alluded to how counsellor educators should interrogate the histories of their training, models, and professional standards, especially if they are steeped in colonial histories that enact violence on Indigenous communities. Findings described how counsellor educators can train practising counsellors to invite their clients to reflect on ways that leverage their community, medicines, knowledge, and relationship to land as a vehicle to restore their culture, spirituality, mind-body connection, and Indigeneity. Related to policy, findings indicated that practising counsellors and counsellor educators dismantle healthcare guidelines underlying common treatment modalities, diagnosis and DSM structures, and insurance reimbursement, which can instigate harm and stigma for historically marginalised and Indigenous communities.
{"title":"Decolonising Counsellor Education: Exploring an Emerging Paradigm","authors":"Krista M. Malott, Christian D. Chan, Saira Malhotra, Terence Yee","doi":"10.1002/capr.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Decolonisation has become an ubiquitous concept applied to myriad disciplines and programmes in academia in the United States. For counsellor educators, the construct is newly emerging, differentially understood, and only marginally acknowledged.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Through a consensual qualitative research study, we explored the definition and application of decolonisation through 20 in-depth qualitative interviews with 10 educators who train counsellors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thematic findings related to the defining constructs of decolonising are reported, including the complexities in operationalising the paradigm within participants’ respective training settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings suggest that decolonisation in counsellor education involves complex, fluid, and ambiguous definitions. Findings also alluded to how counsellor educators should interrogate the histories of their training, models, and professional standards, especially if they are steeped in colonial histories that enact violence on Indigenous communities. Findings described how counsellor educators can train practising counsellors to invite their clients to reflect on ways that leverage their community, medicines, knowledge, and relationship to land as a vehicle to restore their culture, spirituality, mind-body connection, and Indigeneity. Related to policy, findings indicated that practising counsellors and counsellor educators dismantle healthcare guidelines underlying common treatment modalities, diagnosis and DSM structures, and insurance reimbursement, which can instigate harm and stigma for historically marginalised and Indigenous communities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents research about counselling for persons with intellectual disability (ID) through analysing the experiences of counsellors when offering therapy to these persons and of persons with ID when receiving counselling.
Methodology
Semi-structed interviews (SSI) were carried out with six professionals and four persons with ID in Malta. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.
Results
The professional participants affirmed that counselling affects positively, and in different ways, individuals with ID. They stated that the ID and the presenting issues determine the counselling approach. Many issues mentioned by the counsellors apply to the general population, but some are specific to persons with ID. Interestingly, the persons with ID declared that, when need be and according to their issues, they do seek help from professionals. They voiced the importance of having counsellors who are able to listen to and understand them.
Conclusion
Considering the findings and analysis, it is suggested that further research, directly involving individuals with ID, is pursued to counter the knowledge dearth on this subject.
{"title":"There Is no Magic Wand but There Is Ability: The Benefits of Counselling for Persons With Intellectual Disability","authors":"Noel Zammit Pawley, Anne-Marie Callus","doi":"10.1002/capr.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article presents research about counselling for persons with intellectual disability (ID) through analysing the experiences of counsellors when offering therapy to these persons and of persons with ID when receiving counselling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semi-structed interviews (SSI) were carried out with six professionals and four persons with ID in Malta. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The professional participants affirmed that counselling affects positively, and in different ways, individuals with ID. They stated that the ID and the presenting issues determine the counselling approach. Many issues mentioned by the counsellors apply to the general population, but some are specific to persons with ID. Interestingly, the persons with ID declared that, when need be and according to their issues, they do seek help from professionals. They voiced the importance of having counsellors who are able to listen to and understand them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Considering the findings and analysis, it is suggested that further research, directly involving individuals with ID, is pursued to counter the knowledge dearth on this subject.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Parker, Lamprini Mangiorou, Chelsea Slater
Aim
The current study explored the influence of therapists' self-reported attachment strategies on their therapeutic relationships with clients.
Methods
Twelve therapists working with individuals with complex trauma were interviewed and Thematic Analysis was used to generate themes from the data.
Results
Key findings identified a distinction between the therapeutic alliance and a secure attachment, based on the relationship's capacity to tolerate rupture. The study found that therapists' own attachment strategies affected empathy towards clients and how the underlying process may be related to identification, where over-identification was unhelpful. The study also identified, how therapists responded to client anger was related to their attachment strategies. Whilst avoidant/dismissive therapists were better able to contain client anger, this had the potential to impact upon attunement. Findings challenged the widely accepted view of therapists needing a secure attachment, rather warmth and proximity elicited negative responses from some clients. An unexpected finding was therapists' motivations and identified the therapeutic relationship as meeting the needs of some therapists.
Conclusions
Findings reinforce the premise of counselling psychology for reflective functioning and recommend that therapists acknowledge their own attachment strategies and wounds. A better understanding into these processes may enhance the therapeutic relationship and improve treatment outcome.
{"title":"A Thematic Analysis of the Impact of Therapist Attachment on Intersubjectivity When Working With Clients With Complex Trauma","authors":"Elizabeth Parker, Lamprini Mangiorou, Chelsea Slater","doi":"10.1002/capr.12897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12897","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study explored the influence of therapists' self-reported attachment strategies on their therapeutic relationships with clients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve therapists working with individuals with complex trauma were interviewed and Thematic Analysis was used to generate themes from the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Key findings identified a distinction between the therapeutic alliance and a secure attachment, based on the relationship's capacity to tolerate rupture. The study found that therapists' own attachment strategies affected empathy towards clients and how the underlying process may be related to identification, where over-identification was unhelpful. The study also identified, how therapists responded to client anger was related to their attachment strategies. Whilst avoidant/dismissive therapists were better able to contain client anger, this had the potential to impact upon attunement. Findings challenged the widely accepted view of therapists needing a secure attachment, rather warmth and proximity elicited negative responses from some clients. An unexpected finding was therapists' motivations and identified the therapeutic relationship as meeting the needs of some therapists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings reinforce the premise of counselling psychology for reflective functioning and recommend that therapists acknowledge their own attachment strategies and wounds. A better understanding into these processes may enhance the therapeutic relationship and improve treatment outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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