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The Relationship Between Dispositional Resistance to Change and Individual Career Management: A Matter of Occupational Self-Efficacy and Organizational Identification? 性格抗拒改变与个人职业生涯管理的关系:职业自我效能感与组织认同的关系?
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-02-05 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2020.1720774
Sarah Turgut, Anna Elisabeth Neuhaus
ABSTRACT The perspective on career management has shifted from an organization’s responsibility to the individual ownership regarding one’s own career. Based on person-environment fit theory, the authors investigate how change resistant employees engage in individual career management activities. Occupational self-efficacy is tested as an underlying mechanism of this relationship. Organizational identification is examined as boundary condition affecting the relationship of dispositional resistance to change and individual career management. Using an employee survey of 157 participants, bootstrapping analyses reveal that dispositional resistance to change is negatively related to individual career management (i.e. career planning and career networking). Occupational self-efficacy is found to mediate these relationships. Moreover, low organizational identification strengthens the relationship between dispositional resistance to change and career planning; no significant interaction effect could be found for career networking. The authors conclude that organizations should offer personnel and organizational development measures to support their employees and create a development-focused organizational culture.
职业生涯管理的观点已经从组织的责任转向个人对自己职业生涯的所有权。基于人-环境契合理论,研究了变革抗拒型员工在个人职业生涯管理活动中的行为。职业自我效能感作为这一关系的潜在机制进行了测试。研究了组织认同作为影响性格抗拒变革与个人职业生涯管理关系的边界条件。通过对157名员工的调查,自助分析表明,性格抗拒改变与个人职业生涯管理(即职业规划和职业网络)呈负相关。研究发现,职业自我效能在这些关系中起中介作用。低组织认同强化了性格抗拒改变与职业生涯规划的关系;在职业关系网中没有发现显著的交互效应。作者得出结论,组织应该提供人员和组织发展措施来支持他们的员工,并创建一个以发展为中心的组织文化。
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引用次数: 9
Readiness for Change and Good Translations 准备好改变和好的翻译
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-02-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2020.1720775
Olaug Øygarden, A. Mikkelsen
ABSTRACT Translation studies have shown that management ideas and practices change as they travel between contexts, and that there are regularities in how they are translated through editing. We, however, know less about what facilitates good translations, i.e. the translation of new ideas and practices into working practices or routines that contribute to the attainment of organizational goals. This study investigates how the concept of readiness for change can increase our understanding of translation processes and translation outcomes through following an intra-organizational translation of a new management idea and practice in a hospital. The aim is to identify how the use of editing rules in a strategic translation process impacts readiness for change. It is also to identify how readiness influences the use of editing rules and translation practices in an operative translation process and the resulting differences in the quality of translation outcomes. This study finds that strategic translations may foster readiness for change. Readiness furthermore enables inclusive operative translation processes in which editing practices and translation rules are used to thoroughly rework a new management idea and practice into a good translation. MAD statement Management ideas and practices change as they travel to new organizational settings – they are translated. Not all translation outcomes contribute to the attainment of organizational goals. This paper argues that readiness for change is a key concept in understanding translation processes and the quality of translation outcomes. Change initiators may foster readiness for change among operative level employees through strategic translations. When readiness is high, a further operative translation process including a wide range of participants as translators may thoroughly rework the new idea and practice into new, constructive work practices that enable the organization to attain important goals.
摘要翻译研究表明,管理思想和实践在不同语境中传播时会发生变化,而编辑对其进行翻译是有规律的。然而,我们对促进良好翻译的因素知之甚少,即将新的想法和实践转化为有助于实现组织目标的工作实践或惯例。本研究调查了准备变革的概念如何通过遵循医院新管理理念和实践的组织内翻译来提高我们对翻译过程和翻译结果的理解。其目的是确定在战略翻译过程中使用编辑规则如何影响变革准备。它还旨在确定准备情况如何影响翻译过程中编辑规则和翻译实践的使用,以及由此产生的翻译结果质量差异。这项研究发现,战略性翻译可以促进变革的准备。准备工作进一步实现了包容性的操作翻译过程,其中使用编辑实践和翻译规则,将新的管理理念和实践彻底修改为良好的翻译。MAD声明管理思想和实践随着它们进入新的组织环境而改变——它们被翻译。并非所有的翻译成果都有助于实现组织目标。本文认为,在理解翻译过程和翻译结果质量方面,变革准备是一个关键概念。变革发起人可以通过战略翻译促进运营层员工做好变革准备。当准备程度很高时,进一步的翻译过程,包括广泛的参与者作为翻译人员,可以将新的想法和实践彻底修改为新的、建设性的工作实践,使组织能够实现重要目标。
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引用次数: 16
Managing Change in Pluralistic Organizations: The Role of Normative Accountability Assumptions 管理多元化组织中的变革:规范性问责假设的作用
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-01-30 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2020.1720776
F. Mir, Davar Rezania, R. Baker
ABSTRACT Pluralistic organizations face the challenge of managing the co-existence of multiple sets of assumptions associated with each institutional logic. This multiplicity of assumptions problematizes the findings from the change management literature that for successful change management, the normative assumptions of the change initiative should be congruent with the organizational normative assumptions. One of the organizational mechanisms in which the normative assumptions are encoded and enacted is the system of accountability, hence in pluralistic organizations, there is a need to understand the role of the interplay of the normative accountability assumptions of the change initiative with the multiple sets of accountability assumptions representing individual logics within the organization. This study examines the case of a project to renew a strategic framework of a Canadian public university. The project diverged from the existing governance practices and their associated accountability assumptions that represented the institutional logic of managerialism. We found that this project was widely accepted, despite deviating from the institutional logic that supported existing practices, because its accountability assumptions were congruent with co-existing and deeply-rooted, democratic logic within the organization. Our findings contribute to the change management literature by highlighting the role of normative accountability assumptions in change management within pluralistic organizations.
多元组织面临着管理与每个制度逻辑相关的多组假设共存的挑战。这种假设的多样性使来自变更管理文献的发现出现问题,对于成功的变更管理,变更主动性的规范假设应该与组织的规范假设一致。规范假设被编码和制定的组织机制之一是问责制,因此在多元化组织中,有必要了解变革倡议的规范问责假设与代表组织内个人逻辑的多组问责假设之间的相互作用。本研究考察了一个加拿大公立大学战略框架更新项目的案例。该项目偏离了现有的治理实践及其相关的责任假设,这些假设代表了管理主义的制度逻辑。我们发现这个项目被广泛接受,尽管偏离了支持现有实践的制度逻辑,因为它的问责假设与组织内共存的、根深蒂固的民主逻辑是一致的。我们的研究结果通过强调规范性问责假设在多元化组织中的变革管理中的作用,为变革管理文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 6
When the Gallic Village Strikes Back: The Politics Behind ‘New Ways of Working’ Projects* 当高卢村庄反击:“新工作方式”项目背后的政治*
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-01-27 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2020.1720777
Grégory Jemine, Christophe Dubois, François Pichault
ABSTRACT In the last decade, the interest of managers and professionals for New Ways of Working (NWoW) has grown rapidly, as evidenced by multiple firms claiming to implement ‘NWoW workspaces’ in Belgium and in the Netherlands. NWoW is often used as a convenient umbrella term to designate a set of organizational adjustments that include open and ‘flexible’ workspaces, new IT tools, as well as cultural and managerial transformations believed to be ‘innovative’. While the academic literature has investigated several cases of NWoW workspaces through post-occupancy studies, there is at the present time no research available on the change process leading to these transformations. The ambition of the paper is to conceptualize NWoW as projects of organizational change subject to politics and power games. Through an empirical study of a multi-site media company implementing a NWoW project, the paper illustrates three implications of a political conception of NWoW. First, the ability of local actors to bargain and to twist the strategic intentions of the deciding authorities is highlighted. Second, the study underlines the crucial role of key intermediaries in designing NWoW projects. Third, participative approaches of change are critically discussed. The paper also provides recommendations for future research on NWoW.
摘要在过去的十年里,管理者和专业人士对新工作方式(NWoW)的兴趣迅速增长,比利时和荷兰多家声称实施“NWoW工作空间”的公司就是明证。NWoW通常被用作一个方便的总括术语,用于指定一系列组织调整,包括开放和“灵活”的工作空间、新的IT工具,以及被认为是“创新”的文化和管理变革。虽然学术文献通过入住后研究调查了NWoW工作空间的几个案例,但目前还没有关于导致这些转变的变化过程的研究。本文的目标是将NWoW概念化为受政治和权力游戏影响的组织变革项目。通过对一家多站点媒体公司实施NWoW项目的实证研究,本文阐述了NWoW政治概念的三个含义。首先,强调了地方行为者讨价还价和扭曲决策当局战略意图的能力。其次,该研究强调了关键中介机构在NWoW项目设计中的关键作用。第三,批判性地讨论了参与式变革方法。本文还为未来的NWoW研究提供了建议。
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引用次数: 7
Reflections on Revolutionary Change 关于革命变革的思考
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2019.1586362
C. Gersick
ABSTRACT Almost thirty years ago, I wrote a paper about a set of ‘revolutionary’ theories that were emerging in disparate fields, challenging the traditional assumption that large scale change occurs gradually and in tiny increments. They suggested, instead, that systems change more dramatically, through the alternation of long and stable ‘equilibriums’ with relatively short, disruptive ‘punctuations’ of transformative reconfiguration. In this paper I reflect on how my own understanding of this Punctuated Equilibrium paradigm has been influenced since then by my experience conducting two long-term studies – one on the founding and growth of an innovative NGO in a Bornean rain-forest, and one on women’s adult development in the context of the late twentieth century women’s movement. I use examples from these studies to re-examine the importance of the Punctuated Equilibrium paradigm for understanding complex systems, not only for comprehending and diagnosing problems accurately, but for creating and carrying out effective solutions.
摘要大约三十年前,我写了一篇关于一系列在不同领域出现的“革命性”理论的论文,挑战了大规模变化是逐渐发生的、微小增量的传统假设。相反,他们认为,通过长期稳定的“平衡”与相对较短的、破坏性的变革性重组“标点符号”的交替,系统会发生更大的变化。在这篇论文中,我反思了自那以后,我对这种标点平衡范式的理解是如何受到我进行两项长期研究的经验的影响的——一项是关于婆罗洲雨林中一个创新非政府组织的成立和发展,另一项是在二十世纪末妇女运动背景下的妇女成年发展。我用这些研究的例子来重新审视标点均衡范式对理解复杂系统的重要性,不仅对准确理解和诊断问题,而且对创造和实施有效的解决方案。
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引用次数: 7
Get the Crowd Going: Eliciting and Maintaining Change Readiness Through Solution-Focused Communication 让大家行动起来:通过以解决方案为中心的沟通,激发并保持变革准备状态
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2019.1620826
P. Endrejat, A. Meinecke, S. Kauffeld
ABSTRACT Involving organizational members in the planning and implementation of change processes is essential for creating the momentum for lasting change. Therefore, participatory group interventions are a fundamental pillar of organization development. Yet, we know little about the behavioural dynamics that characterize successful group interventions. To address this shortcoming, we analysed 787 minutes (N = 5507 coded statements) of real-time recordings between change agents and recipients. Using lag sequential analysis, we tested which verbal behaviours by change agents elicited recipients’ change readiness, operationalized as their verbatim responses. Furthermore, we explored emerging motivational contagion processes among recipients themselves. Data were collected from two independent samples. Participants took part in a workshop either aimed to reduce their tendency to procrastinate (Study 1) or to enhance their energy-saving behaviour (Study 2). The change agent’s solution-focused as opposed to problem-focused communication stimulated change readiness in both studies. Moreover, recipients’ change statements triggered subsequent change statements by other recipients, providing initial evidence for motivational contagion processes in groups. Finally, compared to a lecture-based intervention, only the energy-saving workshop led to a significant increase in the target behaviour one month after the intervention. Recipients’ change readiness at the end of the workshop was linked to this increase. MAD statement We offer empirically-based communication guidelines to change agents who wish to ignite and promote change readiness in groups. Relying on fine-grained interaction coding, we show how a solution-focused communication style triggers change-facilitating communication patterns. Next to a focus on the microdynamics unfolding between change agent and recipients, we introduce the concept of motivational contagion for change. That is, the expression of change readiness by one participant increases the likelihood that another participant also voices change readiness. From an intervention perspective, our findings show that participatory interventions tend to be more effective than lecture-based interventions to initiate lasting behaviour change.
让组织成员参与变革过程的规划和实施对于创造持久变革的动力至关重要。因此,参与性群体干预是组织发展的一个基本支柱。然而,我们对成功的群体干预的行为动力学知之甚少。为了解决这个缺点,我们分析了787分钟(N = 5507个编码语句)。使用滞后序列分析,我们测试了变革推动者的哪些言语行为引发了接受者的变革准备,并将其作为逐字逐句的反应来操作。此外,我们还探讨了接受者之间正在出现的动机传染过程。数据是从两个独立的样本中收集的。参与者参加了一个研讨会,旨在减少他们拖延的倾向(研究1)或增强他们的节能行为(研究2)。与以问题为中心的沟通相比,变革推动者的解决方案在两项研究中都刺激了变革准备。此外,接受者的变化陈述触发了其他接受者随后的变化陈述,为群体中的动机传染过程提供了初步证据。最后,与基于讲座的干预相比,只有节能研讨会在干预一个月后导致目标行为显著增加。在研讨会结束时,接受者的变革准备程度与这一增长有关。MAD声明我们为那些希望在群体中点燃和促进变革准备的变革推动者提供基于经验的沟通指南。依靠细粒度的交互编码,我们展示了以解决方案为中心的通信风格如何触发有利于更改的通信模式。在关注变革推动者和接受者之间的微观动力学之后,我们引入了变革动机传染的概念。也就是说,一个参与者表达变革意愿会增加另一个参与者也表达变革意愿的可能性。从干预的角度来看,我们的研究结果表明,参与式干预往往比基于讲座的干预更有效,可以引发持久的行为改变。
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引用次数: 8
Microdynamics of Implementing Planned Change on Organizations’ Front Line 组织前线实施计划变革的微观动力学
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2019.1602553
J. Woiceshyn, J. Huq, Kenneth Blades, S. Pendharkar
ABSTRACT Implementing a planned change successfully is critical to organizations’ performance and depends on all members’ participation. Most research has studied leaders’ and middle managers’ role in planning and communicating change, not how frontline staff – those who deal directly with clients and customers, and their direct managers – ultimately implement it. This is surprising, especially in professionalized organizations, as involvement of frontline managers and professional staff is critically important to achieving change. This article reports on a comparative case study that examined how and why some acute care hospital units were more successful in implementing planned change. The data analysis identified change-facilitating and change-inhibiting microdynamics (activities and interactions) among frontline teams: managers and professional nursing staff at the hospital units, which resulted in more and less efficacious implementation of planned change and virtuous and vicious change cycles. The authors developed models that show how and why microdynamics differed in the units and offer guidance to managers in encouraging planned change at organizations’ front line.
成功实施计划变更对组织绩效至关重要,并且取决于所有成员的参与。大多数研究研究的是领导者和中层管理者在规划和沟通变革方面的作用,而不是一线员工——那些直接与客户和顾客打交道的人,以及他们的直接管理者——最终如何实施变革。这是令人惊讶的,特别是在专业化的组织中,因为一线管理人员和专业人员的参与对实现变革至关重要。本文报告了一个比较案例研究,研究了一些急症护理医院单位如何以及为什么更成功地实施计划变更。数据分析确定了一线团队(医院单位的管理人员和专业护理人员)之间促进变革和抑制变革的微动力学(活动和互动),导致计划变革的实施效率或高或低,以及良性和恶性的变革循环。作者开发了一些模型,展示了各单位的微动力学差异是如何以及为什么不同,并为管理者在组织的第一线鼓励有计划的变革提供了指导。
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引用次数: 7
Organizational Change and Leadership: Out of the Quagmire 组织变革与领导力:走出困境
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2020.1716459
R. By
MAD statement The intention of this annual editorial is to Make A Difference (MAD) through outlining suggestions to where we need to direct future organizational change and leadership discourse, research and practitioner efforts. Engaging in immensely important fields of study and practice, we have a responsibility to assist the sustainable development of organizations and the wider society. Much good work is undertaken in support of the further development of both theory and practice. However, I do observe in my role as editor-in-chief a sustained tendency amongst both scholars and practitioners of being stuck in a quagmire peddling a dominant orthodoxy that is somewhat lacking in progress, initiative and imagination (it still sells articles, books, courses and seminars though …). Becoming unstuck through reframing the challenges faced is required for our work to stay relevant, and it takes real and conscious effort to make this happen. Or blood, toil, tears and sweat as Churchill would put it.
MAD声明这篇年度社论的目的是通过概述我们需要指导未来组织变革和领导话语、研究和从业者努力的建议来有所作为。从事极其重要的研究和实践领域,我们有责任帮助组织和更广泛的社会的可持续发展。为支持理论和实践的进一步发展,我们做了许多有益的工作。然而,在我担任主编期间,我确实观察到,无论是学者还是从业者,都有一种持续的趋势,即陷入泥潭,兜售一种在进步、主动性和想象力方面有所欠缺的主流正统观念(尽管如此,它仍在出售文章、书籍、课程和研讨会 …). 通过重新规划所面临的挑战来摆脱困境是我们的工作保持相关性所必需的,实现这一点需要真正和有意识的努力。或者丘吉尔所说的鲜血、辛劳、泪水和汗水。
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引用次数: 30
Positive Perspectives on Organizing and Organizational Change: A Conversation with Gretchen Spreitzer 组织和组织变革的积极观点:与Gretchen Spreitzer的对话
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2020.1702759
Rosie Oswick, C. Oswick
ABSTRACT Professor Gretchen was the Distinguished Speaker for the Organization Development and Change (ODC) Division at the 2018 Academy of Management Meeting held in Chicago. In her address, she shared her latest thinking on co-working and thriving at work, and explored the implications for organization development and change. Following the presentation, we interviewed her about these topics and her broader contribution to the field of positive organizational scholarship. During our conversation, we discussed some of the formative influences on Professor Spreitzer's career direction and scholarship. Then, we explored her enduring commitment to researching and promoting a positive orientation towards organizations and organizational life. Finally, we concluded by eliciting her ideas on the future of work and the concomitant implications for organization development and change.
Gretchen教授是在芝加哥举行的2018年管理学会会议上组织发展与变革(ODC)部门的杰出演讲者。在她的演讲中,她分享了她对共同工作和在工作中茁壮成长的最新想法,并探讨了组织发展和变革的影响。演讲结束后,我们就这些话题和她对积极组织学术领域的更广泛贡献采访了她。在我们的谈话中,我们讨论了一些对斯普雷策教授的职业方向和学术的形成性影响。然后,我们探讨了她长期致力于研究和促进对组织和组织生活的积极取向。最后,我们引出了她对未来工作的看法,以及随之而来的对组织发展和变革的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge Production in Organization Development: An Interiority-based Perspective 组织发展中的知识生产:基于内部性的视角
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2019.1628086
D. Coghlan, A. Shani, P. C. Dahm
ABSTRACT Contemporary social science philosophy is bedevilled with debates about the nature of knowledge production. This article introduces the philosophical notion of interiority whereby, by focusing on the operations of knowledge production in the human mind, OD scholars and researchers can ground Modes 1 and 2 in a bigger picture of what is common to all research. This perspective which recognizes different ways of knowing in different situations cuts through the polarized differences between Modes 1 and 2. Rather than looking at what is different between them this article explores their complementarity through an interiority-based OD research framework. MAD statement This article focuses on how knowledge is produced in the field of organization development (OD). Mode 1 produces knowledge in a disciplinary context and aims at producing scientific knowledge. Mode 2 focuses on creating knowledge for practical use through a partnership between researchers and practitioners. Both modes are valuable for managers and OD practitioners for how they contribute to knowledge production. A comprehensive framework based on six macrophases in OD knowledge production is advanced by focusing on kind of knowledge that is needed for what purpose (an activity of the human mind which we call interiority).
当代社会科学哲学充斥着关于知识生产本质的争论。本文介绍了内在性的哲学概念,通过关注人类思维中知识生产的运作,OD学者和研究人员可以将模式1和2建立在所有研究的共同点的更大图景中。这种观点认识到在不同情况下的不同认知方式,从而突破了模式1和模式2之间的两极分化差异。本文通过基于内部性的OD研究框架,探讨了它们之间的互补性,而不是考察它们之间的不同。MAD声明本文关注的是知识是如何在组织发展(OD)领域产生的。模式1在学科背景下产生知识,旨在产生科学知识。模式2侧重于通过研究人员和从业者之间的伙伴关系创造实用知识。这两种模式对管理者和OD从业者如何为知识生产做出贡献都很有价值。基于OD知识生产的六个宏观阶段,通过关注什么目的所需的知识类型(我们称之为内在性的人类思维活动),提出了一个全面的框架。
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引用次数: 13
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