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Changing Leadership in Changing Times II 变革时代的领导力变革2
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1917489
L. Crevani, Mary Uhl‐Bien, S. Clegg, R. By
MAD statement This leading article aims at Making a Difference (MAD) by inspiring to engage in new conventions for leadership and organizational change at a time when there is an opening for new practices to emerge. The COVID-19 pandemic upended much of what we take for granted, making us more aware of the ambiguity and multiplicity of reality, of the need for collaboration, adaptation and resilience, and of the embodied and material dimension of work life.
MAD声明这篇主要文章旨在通过激励人们在新实践出现的时候参与领导和组织变革的新惯例来有所作为。新冠肺炎疫情颠覆了我们认为理所当然的许多事情,使我们更加意识到现实的模糊性和多样性,意识到合作、适应和复原的必要性,以及工作生活的具体层面和物质层面。
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引用次数: 8
Leading Social Transformations: Creating Public Value and Advancing the Common Good 领导社会转型:创造公共价值和推进共同利益
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1917492
J. Bryson, Bill Barberg, B. Crosby, M. Patton
ABSTRACT This essay explores what is involved in leading a social transformation to create public value and advance the common good. The contrast here is with strategic leadership of organizations, collaborations, and social movements. Leading a social transformation is much bigger. The required changes are multi-issue, multi-level, multi-organizational, and cross-sectoral, and can cross national frontiers. Deep and broad changes, often involving radical innovations, are needed. Deep and abiding changes in relationships – and power relationships – among people and groups are required. Leadership of organizations, collaborations, and social movements is still important for transformation, but not enough. Instead, advancing social transformation requires leadership that is deeply relational, visionary, political, adaptive, and comfortable with complexity.
摘要本文探讨了引导社会转型以创造公共价值和促进公共利益的过程。与此形成对比的是组织、合作和社会运动的战略领导力。领导一场社会变革要大得多。所需的变革是多问题、多层次、多组织和跨部门的,可以跨越国界。需要进行深刻而广泛的变革,通常涉及激进的创新。人们和群体之间的关系以及权力关系需要发生深刻而持久的变化。组织、合作和社会运动的领导力对于转型仍然很重要,但还不够。相反,推进社会转型需要具有深刻的关系性、远见、政治性、适应性和适应复杂性的领导力。
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引用次数: 19
Serving the need of people: the case for servant leadership against populism 服务于人民的需要:反对民粹主义的仆人式领导
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1917494
M. Sousa, D. van Dierendonck
ABSTRACT This article provides a contrasting perspective between populist and servant leadership. We propose four key differences based on distinct views on people centricity, the role of the people in the leadership process, the problem solving approach and the preferred leader role. Given the key function that meaning plays in leadership discourse, in particular during times of uncertainty and change, we further propose that populist leaders make use of simplistic meaning-making systems that emphasize monistic and over-simplified views around polarized options, while servant leaders in contrast use complex meaning-making systems that emphasize pluralist and reconciled views towards shared problem solving. Considering that populist leadership often makes references to serving, humility and self-sacrifice in defence of the people, we find it important to distinguish it from servant leadership. We advance, in fact, that servant leaders can function as an antidote to populism, being a genuine people centred approach with a reconciliatory and pluralist view and an adequate (but surely not perfect) response to many of our societal problems.
本文提供了民粹主义和仆人式领导的对比视角。基于对人的中心、人在领导过程中的作用、解决问题的方法和首选的领导角色的不同观点,我们提出了四个关键的差异。鉴于意义在领导话语中发挥的关键作用,特别是在不确定和变化的时期,我们进一步提出,民粹主义领导人利用简单的意义制造系统,强调围绕两极分化选项的一元论和过度简化的观点,而仆人式领导人则相反,使用复杂的意义制造系统,强调多元主义和调和的观点,以共同解决问题。考虑到民粹主义领导经常提到为人民服务、谦卑和自我牺牲,我们认为将其与仆人式领导区分开来很重要。事实上,我们提出,仆人式领导人可以作为民粹主义的解毒剂,是一种真正以人为本的方法,具有和解和多元化的观点,并对我们的许多社会问题做出适当(但肯定不是完美的)回应。
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引用次数: 7
Resilience in a time of contagion: Lessons from small businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic 传染病时期的复原力:2019冠状病毒病大流行期间小企业的经验教训
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1917495
Soumodip Sarkar, S. Clegg
ABSTRACT The abrupt outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic sent unprecedented shockwaves across the globe, creating an unparalleled crisis in terms of our health, severely impacting the way we live and work. Measures such as social distancing and travel restrictions, have disrupted production and supply chains, reinforcing a demand shock. In the midst of this pandemic, however, there are leaders of resilient firms that are effectively responding to these changing times. Using a multiple-case inductive enquiry, the paper analyses how leaders activate resilience in small businesses. Employing a process framework, which focuses on sequences of activities and their interrelations which we analyse to uncover how these leaders activated this resilience and explicitly integrated the literature of resilience with that of sensemaking. Resilience emerges when cognition and behaviour work in conjunction, with businesses adapting to combat the crisis. When it comes to global disruptive crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, extant literature provides us with little guidance. The study not only makes a number of contributions to extant literatures but also provides valuable insights and tools to help leaders effectively navigate and respond to this crisis. By doing fast research in real time the paper provides novel and original insights
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行的突然爆发给全球带来了前所未有的冲击波,给我们的健康造成了前所未有的危机,严重影响了我们的生活和工作方式。保持社交距离和旅行限制等措施扰乱了生产和供应链,加剧了需求冲击。然而,在这场大流行期间,有一些具有韧性的公司的领导人正在有效地应对这些不断变化的时代。采用多案例归纳调查,本文分析了领导者如何激活弹性在小企业。采用流程框架,重点关注活动序列及其相互关系,我们对其进行分析,以揭示这些领导者如何激活这种弹性,并明确地将弹性文献与意义构建文献相结合。当认知和行为协同工作,企业适应应对危机时,恢复力就会出现。当涉及到COVID-19大流行等全球破坏性危机时,现有文献几乎无法为我们提供指导。该研究不仅对现有文献做出了许多贡献,而且为帮助领导者有效地驾驭和应对这场危机提供了有价值的见解和工具。通过快速的实时研究,论文提供了新颖和原创的见解
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引用次数: 38
Centralized Decentralization, or Distributed Leadership as Paradox: The Case of the Patient Innovation’s COVID-19 Portal 集中式去中心化或分布式领导悖论——以患者创新新冠肺炎门户网站为例
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1917493
Pedro Oliveira, M. P. e Cunha
ABSTRACT Patients with rare diseases, as well as their caregivers, sometimes develop new solutions to deal with their health conditions but only a small fraction share the solution with their doctor or other health professionals. When the value of patient-developed solutions is considered, the evidence is that these solutions consistently help improve the overall quality of life. Patient-developed innovations are very heterogeneous in nature, level of quality, sophistication, and cost; nonetheless, the majority are frugal in cost and design. In this paper, we explore the organizational lessons of the patient innovation platform and community, and its leadership expressions, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Multi-sided online platforms for collecting, curating, and distributing those innovations can help in the fight against the pandemic by centralizing decentralization and we consider this theme in terms of our understanding of when leadership is distributed and when it is not. Distributed leadership can be considered as a paradox, a process in which leadership is retained and dispersed.
摘要罕见病患者及其护理人员有时会开发新的解决方案来处理他们的健康状况,但只有一小部分人与医生或其他卫生专业人员共享解决方案。当考虑到患者开发的解决方案的价值时,有证据表明这些解决方案始终有助于提高整体生活质量。患者开发的创新在性质、质量水平、复杂程度和成本方面都非常异质;尽管如此,大多数人在成本和设计上都很节俭。在本文中,我们探讨了新冠肺炎大流行背景下患者创新平台和社区的组织经验教训及其领导力表达。收集、策划和分发这些创新的多方面在线平台可以通过集中权力下放来帮助抗击疫情,我们从理解领导力何时分发和何时不分发的角度来考虑这一主题。分布式领导可以被认为是一个悖论,一个保留和分散领导的过程。
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引用次数: 10
The Impact of Middle Managers on Employees’ Responses to a Merger: An LMX and Appraisal Theory Approach 中层管理者对员工并购反应的影响:基于LMX和评价理论的方法
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-02-21 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1888772
K. van Dam, P. Verboon, A. Tekleab
ABSTRACT This study investigated how middle managers can facilitate change by affecting subordinates’ affective responses and attitudes towards a merger. We utilized leader-member exchange theory and appraisal theory to argue that employees who have a high quality exchange relationships with their supervising manager would be provided with more change information and opportunities for participation in the change, and, in turn, would have more positive affective perceptions of the change in terms of trust, cynicism, uncertainty and control, and subsequently be more open to the change. Multi-group analysis was applied to data of 326 employees of two health insurance companies that were involved in a merger. The findings largely supported the research model, suggesting that middle managers can facilitate change by developing high-quality relationships with their subordinates, and addressing employees’ affective perceptions of the change through change information and change participation. Our focus on the middle managers’ relationship with their employees offers theoretical and practical insights into the affective and attitudinal processes that occur during organizational change. MAD statement This study aims to Make a Difference by exploring how employees’ reactions to a planned organizational change can be influenced by their supervisor. This study emphasizes the importance of the work (exchange) relationship of middle managers and their subordinates. Employees who experienced a qualitatively better relationship felt better about the change because they were given more change information and opportunities to participate, and were more open to the change. So it seems that middle managers can have a vital role in the effective implementation of planned change.
摘要本研究调查了中层管理者如何通过影响下属对合并的情感反应和态度来促进变革。我们利用领导-成员交换理论和评估理论认为,与主管建立高质量交换关系的员工将获得更多的变革信息和参与变革的机会,进而在信任、冷嘲热讽、不确定性和控制方面对变革有更积极的情感感知,并随后对这种变化更加开放。对参与合并的两家健康保险公司的326名员工的数据进行了多组分析。研究结果在很大程度上支持了这一研究模型,表明中层管理者可以通过与下属建立高质量的关系来促进变革,并通过变革信息和变革参与来解决员工对变革的情感感知。我们对中层管理者与员工关系的关注,为组织变革过程中发生的情感和态度过程提供了理论和实践上的见解。MAD声明本研究旨在通过探索员工对计划中的组织变革的反应如何受到上司的影响来有所作为。本研究强调了中层管理者与下属之间工作(交流)关系的重要性。经历了质量上更好的关系的员工对变革感觉更好,因为他们得到了更多的变革信息和参与的机会,并且对变革更开放。因此,中层管理人员似乎可以在计划变革的有效实施中发挥至关重要的作用。
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引用次数: 2
The Individual Job Impact of Change and Employees’ Well-Being: Role Clarity and Interpersonal Justice as Leadership-Related Moderators* 变革对个人工作的影响与员工幸福感:作为领导相关调节因子的角色清晰度和人际公正*
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-02-18 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1888771
Birgit Thomson, Johannes Rank, C. Steidelmüller
ABSTRACT Leadership behaviour plays a key role in terms of change-related well-being and health impact. The objective of this study was to identify leadership determined circumstances which mitigate the potential detrimental effects of the individual job impact of organizational change on well-being outcomes. Based on the Job Demands-Resources Model we explicate two-way and three-way interactions between individual job impact and crucial resources during organizational change provided by leaders (role clarity and interpersonal justice). Specifically, we propose that the combination of these resources will attenuate the relationships between individual job impact and both psychological contract breach/violation and mental ill-health. Field survey data were gathered from 189 employees in a group of hospitals in Germany undergoing restructuring. Only the combination of low demands and high measures of either of the resources was related to favourable criterion levels, implying that the provision of resources is not enough to mitigate negative well-being impact. Rather the increase of demands has to be monitored in phases of change. With high individual job impact, psychological contract violation was low only when both role clarity and interpersonal justice were high (significant three-way interaction). MAD statement This article makes a difference by contributing to the discussion on the central buffering hypothesis of the JDR-M considering the specific context of organizational change. It highlights that drastic individual job impact of change is a particularly difficult scenario for employees in which single or even several combined resources provided by the leader might not be able to buffer followers’ unfavourable well-being impact. We add to change literature by focussing on ‘healthy leadership’ which is relatively underrepresented in research. Our results imply that individual job impact and well-being are important aspects in planning change processes beyond outcomes considered traditionally in Organizational Behaviour Literature.
领导行为在变革相关的幸福感和健康影响方面起着关键作用。本研究的目的是确定领导力决定的环境,以减轻组织变革对个人工作影响对幸福感结果的潜在有害影响。基于工作需求-资源模型,我们解释了领导者在组织变革过程中提供的个人工作影响与关键资源(角色明晰和人际公正)之间的双向和三向互动关系。具体而言,我们提出这些资源的组合将减弱个人工作影响与心理契约违约/违反和心理疾病健康之间的关系。实地调查数据来自一组正在进行重组的德国医院的189名员工。只有资源的低需求和高措施的组合与有利的标准水平有关,这意味着资源的提供不足以减轻消极的福祉影响。相反,必须在变化的各个阶段监测需求的增加。当个体工作影响高时,只有当角色清晰度和人际公平度都高时,心理契约违反才会低(显著的三向交互作用)。考虑到组织变革的具体背景,本文通过对JDR-M的中心缓冲假设的讨论做出了贡献,从而有所不同。它强调,变化对个人工作的剧烈影响对员工来说是一个特别困难的情况,在这种情况下,领导者提供的单个甚至几个组合资源可能无法缓冲追随者不利的幸福感影响。我们通过关注“健康的领导力”来增加改变文献,这在研究中相对较少。我们的研究结果表明,个人工作影响和幸福感是规划变革过程的重要方面,超出了组织行为学文献中传统的结果考虑。
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引用次数: 4
Docility, Obedience and Discipline: Towards Dirtier Leadership Studies? 温顺、服从和纪律:走向更肮脏的领导研究?
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1861696
Johan Alvehus
ABSTRACT Leadership is a popular term, among scholars and in general. It is romanticized and seems to cover everything and nothing. Its analytical value has therefore been questioned, and so has the very existence of leadership as a phenomenon. Here, based on the social psychology of GH Mead, I argue that leadership is a fundamental human phenomenon emanating from docility. By exploring this through the lens of three classic texts – Milgram’s Obedience to Authority, Foucault’s Discipline and Punish, and Taylor’s The Principles of Scientific Management – I argue that processes that accomplish leadership are often not understood as leadership, but as something else, for example manipulation or management. More generally, I argue that leadership disappears as we identify the details of its manifestations, and from this I argue that leadership is a concept that denies its own ontological foundation. My conclusions suggest that leadership scholars and practitioners increasingly should draw attention to the choices involved in leadership processes and to practices commonly seen as not being about leadership – leadership studies will benefit from making the immaculate concept of leadership dirtier.
领导力是一个流行的术语,无论是在学者中还是在普通人群中。它被浪漫化了,似乎包罗万象又无所不包。因此,它的分析价值受到了质疑,领导力作为一种现象的存在本身也受到了质疑。在这里,基于GH Mead的社会心理学,我认为领导力是一种源自顺从的基本人类现象。通过三个经典文本——米尔格拉姆的《服从权威》、福柯的《纪律与惩罚》和泰勒的《科学管理原则》——来探讨这个问题,我认为完成领导的过程通常不被理解为领导,而是被理解为其他东西,例如操纵或管理。更一般地说,我认为,当我们识别其表现形式的细节时,领导力就会消失,由此我认为,领导力是一个否认其自身本体论基础的概念。我的结论表明,领导力学者和实践者应该越来越多地关注领导力过程中涉及的选择,以及通常被视为与领导力无关的实践——领导力研究将受益于将领导力的完美概念变得更脏。
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引用次数: 8
Changing Leadership in Changing Times 在变化的时代改变领导力
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1880092
S. Clegg, L. Crevani, Mary Uhl‐Bien, R. By
MAD statement This leading article is setting out to Make a Difference (MAD) through catalysing the further exploration and development of leadership theory and practice by facilitating the reimagining and reframing of challenges and solutions ahead. It does so by integrating the academic concerns of the current literature with the issues raised by recent events marked by the cataclysmic end of the Trump presidency in the United States.
这篇主要文章旨在通过促进对未来挑战和解决方案的重新构想和重构,催化领导力理论和实践的进一步探索和发展,从而实现“有所作为”(MAD)。它通过将当前文献的学术关注与最近以特朗普总统任期灾难性结束为标志的事件所引发的问题相结合来实现这一目标。
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引用次数: 10
Leadership: In Pursuit of Purpose 领导力:追求目标
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1861698
R. By
ABSTRACT Addressing what is perhaps the biggest blind spot in leadership theory and practice, this article sets out to enshrine the pivotal role of purpose. First, it introduces the Telos Leadership Lens (TLL) consisting of the following principles: 1) Leadership is a responsibility of the many, not a privilege of the few 2) Leadership is the collective pursuit of delivering on purpose 3) Leadership purpose is to be guided by internal goods (exemplified by the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals). Second, the article further develops leadership ontology, ‘the theory of entities that are thought to be most basic and essential to any statement about leadership’, by shifting the focus to purpose. Third, emerging from these developments it identifies a new leadership model. Separately or in combination, these contributions can assist organizations in addressing current and future challenges, some of which are existential in nature as evidenced by the climate crisis, and others such as the Covid-19 pandemic potentially changing the way we live our lives and conduct our business. Although challenges of this scope can only be solved in partnership, the very nature of current leadership convention may obstruct or even prevent such partnerships from taking place in any meaningful way.
本文旨在解决领导力理论和实践中最大的盲点,并阐明目标的关键作用。首先,它介绍了Telos领导力镜头(TLL),由以下原则组成:1)领导力是许多人的责任,而不是少数人的特权2)领导力是实现目标的集体追求3)领导力目标是由内部物品(例如联合国的可持续发展目标)引导的。其次,文章通过将焦点转移到目的上,进一步发展了领导力本体论,即“被认为是任何关于领导力的陈述中最基本和最重要的实体理论”。第三,从这些发展中,它确定了一种新的领导模式。这些贡献可以单独或结合起来,帮助组织应对当前和未来的挑战,其中一些挑战本质上是存在的,如气候危机,而其他挑战,如Covid-19大流行,可能会改变我们的生活和经营方式。虽然这种范围的挑战只能通过伙伴关系来解决,但当前领导惯例的本质可能会阻碍甚至阻止这种伙伴关系以任何有意义的方式发生。
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引用次数: 31
期刊
JOURNAL OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT
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