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Listening at different scales: Sociolinguistic perception and the listening subject 不同尺度的听力:社会语言学感知与听力主体
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70023
Anna-Marie Sprenger

This commentary argues that sociophonetic perception studies and linguistic anthropological analyses of the listening subject examine the same underlying process—ideologically structured listening—though at different observational scales. Drawing on Inoue's foundational work and subsequent research on enregisterment, mediatization, and indexical inversion, I show how experimental and ethnographic approaches each illuminate complementary dimensions of listening as both cognitive and sociohistorical. I advocate for a multiscalar model of listening that brings these traditions into closer dialogue, emphasizing how collaboration across methods can reveal the ideological conditions under which voices become audible, meaningful, and contested.

这篇评论认为,社会语音感知研究和听力主体的语言人类学分析考察了相同的潜在过程——意识形态结构的听力——尽管在不同的观察尺度上。根据井上的基础工作和随后对注册、媒介化和索引反转的研究,我展示了实验和民族志方法如何分别阐明了听力作为认知和社会历史的互补维度。我提倡一种多尺度的倾听模式,将这些传统带入更紧密的对话,强调跨方法的合作如何揭示意识形态条件,在这种条件下,声音变得可听、有意义和有争议。
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引用次数: 0
Languaging as time travel 语言就像时间旅行
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70024
Stephanie V. Love
<p>“So do you hear me? And <i>how</i> do you hear me?” Miyako Inoue (<span>2003</span>) ends her seminal article with this jarring, even uncanny interpellation. A “me” addressing a “you”—such a mundane occurrence. Yet here it pops out of an academic text at the most unexpected moment. I look around. Is she talking to me? Inoue momentarily ripped open spacetime to tap me on the shoulder, ensuring the phatic connection remained intact. Indeed, this warping of spacetime is precisely what Inoue's work illuminates: how absent people act on present social worlds. I heard Inoue's voice more than two decades after her words were first written, allowing myself to be interpellated as the subject of her utterance; this is precisely the type of subjectivity that many early career scholars, like me, desire—that is, to be recognized, addressed, even cited. More importantly, Inoue reminds me that this is what it means to <i>do</i> language—languaging is time travel. Past, present, and future people are engaging in a mysterious conversation with no certainty that anyone is listening (Irvine, <span>1996</span>).</p><p>Such mysteries initially drew me to the theoretical power of the “listening subject.” In seeking to understand the socio-political afterlives of colonialism in postcolonial Algeria, I had to depart from the assumptions of a linear progression of time found in much discourse and conversation analysis (see Wortham & Reyes, <span>2015</span>, as a notable exception). Because, as Inoue's final interpellation (“So do you hear me?”) and my revoicing of it here show, conversations can jump back and forth across spatiotemporal junctures. In my <span>2023</span> article in the JLA, I conceptualized these time-traveling conversations as <i>echoes</i>—“sounds and voices persisting and repeating after the source sound has stopped” (72)—practices that (tenuously) link temporally disconnected speakers and listeners by reflecting and refracting from the material surfaces/spaces they share.</p><p>Language's capacity to jump back and forth between spatiotemporal divides—possibly resounding as echoes—is manifested, for example, in the prefix “re-,” a recurring morpheme in linguistic anthropological studies of listening practices. Etymologically, “re-” signifies both “back” and “again,” implying a cyclical, non-linear temporal order of language use and social action. Building on what Inoue (<span>2003</span>: 165) described as “indexical inversions,” linguistic anthropological studies frame this back-and-again as <i>re</i>configurations, <i>re</i>-assemblies, and “downward <i>re</i>cursions” of social figures and colonial hierarchies (Reyes, <span>2017</span>: 210), the <i>re</i>-reading of signs as epistemes of antiblackness (Smalls, <span>2018</span>), or the <i>re</i>-channeling of language within the DeafBlind community (Edwards, <span>2018</span>). All these scholars seek to understand the powerful yet paradoxical persistence of “<i>re</i>cuperations, <i>re</
“你听见了吗?”你是怎么听到我说话的?”井上宫子(2003)在她那篇影响深远的文章的结尾用了这种刺耳的、甚至是离奇的质问。一个“我”称呼一个“你”——如此平凡的事情。然而,在这里,它却在最意想不到的时刻从一篇学术文章中蹦了出来。我环顾四周。她在跟我说话吗?井上瞬间打破时空,拍了拍我的肩膀,确保我们的肉体连接完好无损。事实上,这种时空扭曲正是井上的作品所阐明的:缺席的人们如何在当前的社会世界中行动。我听到井上的声音是在她第一次写下这些话的20多年后,我允许自己被追问为她话语的主体;这正是许多像我这样的早期职业学者所渴望的主观性——也就是说,被认可、被提及,甚至被引用。更重要的是,井上提醒我,这就是语言的意义所在——语言就是时间旅行。过去、现在和未来的人都在进行一场神秘的对话,不确定是否有人在听(欧文,1996)。这些谜团最初把我吸引到“倾听主体”的理论力量上。在寻求理解后殖民阿尔及利亚殖民主义的社会政治后遗症时,我不得不偏离在许多话语和对话分析中发现的时间线性进展的假设(参见Wortham &amp; Reyes, 2015,作为一个明显的例外)。因为,正如井上最后的质问(“你听到我说话了吗?”)我在这里的声音显示,对话可以在时空的交叉点上来回跳跃。在我2023年发表在《JLA》上的文章中,我将这些穿越时间的对话定义为回声——“声音和声音在源声音停止后持续和重复”(72)——这种做法(微妙地)通过从他们共享的物质表面/空间反射和折射来连接暂时断开的说话者和听众。语言在时空分隔之间来回跳跃的能力——可能以回声的形式回响——在前缀“re-”中得到了体现,这是一个在听力实践的语言人类学研究中反复出现的语素。从词源学上讲,“re-”意味着“回到”和“再一次”,暗示着语言使用和社会行为的周期性、非线性的时间顺序。在井上(2003:165)所描述的“索引倒置”的基础上,语言人类学研究将这种反复定义为社会人物和殖民等级的重新配置、重新组装和“向下递归”(Reyes, 2017: 210),将符号重新解读为反黑人的认识论(Smalls, 2018),或者在聋哑盲人社区内重新引导语言(Edwards, 2018)。所有这些学者都试图理解“熟悉形式的恢复、再激活和重组”(Stoler, 2016,引自Reyes, 2017: 210,重点添加)作为当下的行动者的强大而矛盾的持续存在。换句话说,像“re-”这样简单的前缀中蕴含着人们穿越时空的潜力。对线性时间性的挑战性假设开辟了几种民族志和分析的可能性。例如,在我的作品中,我努力研究当代阿尔及利亚人在后殖民时代发言时如何以及为什么使“死亡”的殖民时代声音复活(Love, 2024)。在后殖民时期的阿尔及利亚,反殖民革命烈士扮演着重要的社会角色,通过他们的在场和缺席来塑造社会生活。虽然这些殉道者已经死了,但他们通过他们的英雄行为、他们的形象和我认为不仅仅是“口技”(Love, 2025)的报道性言论,向活着的人“说话”。殉道者表现出一种代理形式,作为他们复活的言语和行动的作者和主体,同时也表明“动画者”和“复活者”之间存在复杂的时空扭曲(Goffman, 1974)。此外,后殖民阿尔及利亚空间中殉道者的声音和视觉存在使他们能够作为证人(一种类似于“倾听主体”的参与角色,但来自以后)被询问正在进行的后殖民创伤(Love, 2024)。从这个意义上说,死去的烈士和活着的人之间的对话动摇了谁可以被认为是世界上的代理人或演员,就像19世纪日本女学生的声音萦绕在19世纪男性知识分子的主体性中,就像一个“梦幻般的幽灵”(井上,2003:176)。此外,采用这种时间旅行的语言方法可以使学者看到和听到他们的数据,否则可能是看不见或听不到的方面。例如,Berman(2024: 337)发现“听可以先于它似乎紧随其后的言语”,这挑战了关于说和听的时间顺序的基本假设,从而挑战了从这些参与角色中产生的主体性类型。 听力可以预测言语,这表明听众经常听到从未真正说出的东西,但却在未来将以前不存在或不存在的形式变为存在(见Rosa, 2019)。换句话说,语言不仅有再现过去的能力,也有询问未来的能力。正如我已经提到的,这种复杂的时空扭曲对主体性的人类学定义有影响,这与人类能动性和“自由意志”的概念密切相关,通常与“说出自己的声音”有关(Kunreuther, 2014)。在提出“倾听主体”的过程中,井上(2003:180)旨在“重塑‘说话自我’的概念(及其伴随的概念,如代理和抵抗)。”我认为井上的承诺是历史唯物主义理论的一长串谱系的一部分,它使人的能动性变得复杂,因为它一直是过去、现在和未来之间的对话,马克思在《雾月十八日》(1852:np.)中最著名的阐述可能是:“人们创造自己的历史,但他们并不是随心所欲地创造历史。”这些想法似乎是井上在她的作品中对日本女学生代理的细致理解(以及近乎否定)的核心。然而,很少被引用,但同样相关的是马克思随后的话:“所有死去的一代人的传统就像活着的人的大脑中的噩梦一样沉重”(同上)。巴赫金(1981,294)说得不那么夸张:“这个词并不存在于中立和非个人的语言中……而是存在于别人的嘴里,在别人的语境中,为别人的意图服务;从那里,一个人必须接受这个词,并使它成为自己的。”语言——尤其是那些有害的、持久的、被重新配置和反复阅读的种族主义-殖民形式的语言(Reyes, 2017; Smalls, 2018)——确实像噩梦一样萦绕在人们的大脑(和语言)上,无论人们是否声称它是自己的。噩梦——像梦、幻象、预兆和预兆——是面向未来的;他们遇到的未来似乎是预先确定的,很像阿拉伯语的概念maktūb,意思是“写好了”(Mittermaier, 2011),暗示命运已经由上帝决定。世界各地的文化都认为,未来不是一张白纸,而是充满了已有的潜力。这种未来的“缺席-存在”也困扰着社会理论。德里达在《马克思的幽灵》(2011[1994])中强调了幽灵的这种未来;​在马克思看来,困扰19世纪欧洲列强的是革命的未来,而不是过去。Deumert(2022)挑战了社会语言学研究的“方法论实证主义”,提倡一种幽灵的社会语言学,从社会语言学分析中固有的“存在的形而上学”转向拥抱塑造社会生活和语言的“缺席-存在”。像Deumert一样,我认为在感知的社会语言学中不应该忽视非线性的时间复杂性。这也表明,即使是听者也不一定能控制他们听到的内容。倾听的对象被社会化,进入了一个复杂的、充满斗争的、有时在社会上“危险”的世界,在这个世界里,人们可能会尴尬地说:“听众有他们自己的看法,但他们并不是随心所欲地去做。”更重要的是,这些语言的幽灵对说者和听者之间的假定界限有暗示作用。这些参与者角色——感知和生产通常被视为不同的研究领域(参见Sprenger, 2024,关于如何将两者结合起来的例子)——通常只捕获单个交互时刻的快照。Irvine(1996)很久以前就批评了该领域对碎片的关注,而不是碎片的过程,这反过来又具体化了参与角色,模糊了过去、现在和未来的阴影对话,困扰着任何给定的互动延伸。例如,通过经验观察另一个人的感知的唯一方法是通过他们的“主动接收”(Volosinov, 1973),这意味着听者产生
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引用次数: 0
Correction to “Ghost deixis and the public secret in Tijuana, Mexico” 更正“幽灵指示和墨西哥提华纳的公共秘密”
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70021

Rihan Yeh. 2025. Ghost deixis and the public secret in Tijuana, Mexico. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 35(2):e70010.

In the above-referenced article, Constantine Nakassis' essay in press at Current Anthropology is incorrectly titled “Looking, Seeing, Perspective.” In fact it is titled “Voicing, Looking, Perspective.”

We apologize for this error.

Rihan Yeh, 2025年。幽灵指示和墨西哥提华纳的公共秘密。语言人类学学报35(2):e7010。在上面提到的文章中,康斯坦丁·纳卡西斯在《当代人类学》杂志上发表的文章被错误地命名为“看,看见,透视”。事实上,它的标题是“发声,观察,透视”。我们为这个错误道歉。
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引用次数: 0
Signs in conflict: Contrastive indexical meanings of the Star of David in a queer ban of the Jewish pride flag 冲突的标志:大卫之星在犹太骄傲旗的奇怪禁令中的对比指示意义
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70020
Katherine Arnold-Murray

This article examines how political conflict arises through discourses constructing contrastive social meanings for the same sign, conceptualizing controversy over the 2019 DC Dyke March ban of the Jewish LGBTQ+ pride flag as a case of indexical misrecognition. Through multimodal digital discourse analysis of Facebook posts and comments, I analyze how interactants construct a contested sign—the Star of David—as a component of two separate bricolage constructions: the Jewish pride flag and Israeli flag. The article demonstrates that semiotic investigations of conflict over sign use reveal complex beliefs about moral ways of navigating the world and interacting within (anti)nationalist political systems.

本文探讨了政治冲突是如何通过为同一标志构建对比社会意义的话语而产生的,并将2019年华盛顿特区禁止犹太LGBTQ+骄傲旗的争议概念化为一个索引错误识别的案例。通过对Facebook帖子和评论的多模态数字话语分析,我分析了互动者如何构建一个有争议的标志——大卫之星——作为两个独立的拼凑结构的组成部分:犹太人的骄傲旗和以色列的国旗。本文表明,符号使用冲突的符号学研究揭示了关于导航世界和在(反)民族主义政治体系内互动的道德方式的复杂信念。
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引用次数: 0
A translated utopia: Embodied communication, media ideologies, and Star Trek's Universal Translator 翻译的乌托邦:体现的交流、媒体意识形态和《星际迷航》的通用翻译器
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70019
Sarah Shulist

This paper uses Star Trek's “Universal Translator” (UT) as a point of departure for considering the imagined future of mediated linguistic interactions and of contact across difference. Although such a technology does not exist, taking its potentialities seriously as folkloric devices allows for an exploration of ideologies relating to translation and mediated communication. The UT represents the hypothetical ultimate achievement of a Euro-Western ideal of easy and clear interaction, in which direct brain-to-brain contact is possible and speaker intent can be manifested clearly and reliably to a listener, regardless of language differences. A mind–body duality is inherent to this possibility, and by rendering the translator/interpreter in a disembodied, mostly invisible form, the UT imagines the irrelevance of the body to the communicative process. Within both the narrative itself and fan responses to the UT, however, attempts to think about how it would have to work bring about contradictions, and in particular, the consistent resurgence of embodiment as a central semiotic component of communication. Using the mythical UT, I examine the ideological implications that an imagined techno-utopian future has for contemporary understandings of language and the body, including in themes of gender, race, modality, and labor.

本文以《星际迷航》的“通用翻译器”(UT)为出发点,思考中介语言互动和跨差异接触的想象未来。虽然这种技术并不存在,但认真考虑其作为民俗设备的潜力,可以探索与翻译和媒介传播相关的意识形态。UT代表了一种假设的欧美理想的最终成就,即简单而清晰的互动,在这种理想中,直接的脑对脑接触是可能的,说话者的意图可以清晰而可靠地向听者表达,而不考虑语言差异。这种可能性固有的是一种身心二元性,通过将译者/口译员呈现为一种无实体的、几乎看不见的形式,UT想象出身体与交际过程无关。然而,在叙事本身和粉丝对UT的反应中,试图思考它是如何产生矛盾的,特别是,化身作为交流的核心符号学组成部分的持续复苏。利用神话般的UT,我研究了想象中的技术乌托邦未来对当代语言和身体理解的意识形态含义,包括性别、种族、情态和劳动的主题。
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引用次数: 0
Making fun of the standard tongue: Enregisterment, social difference, and Kurdish language humor 调侃标准语言:注册、社会差异和库尔德语幽默
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70018
Patrick C. Lewis

This article analyzes how humor around contrasts between standard and non-standard Northern, i.e., Kurmanji, Kurdish spoken in Turkey contributes to the enregisterment of standard Kurdish, arguing that Kurdish language jokes promote the recognition and, to different degrees, uptake of standardized linguistic repertoires among differently situated Kurdish audiences, while also promoting alternative ideological perspectives through which the contrasts between standard and non-standard language can be evaluated. In developing this analysis, the article also considers how Kurdish language humor functions to both reproduce widely circulating language ideologies and subvert them, inviting Kurdish audiences in contemporary Turkey and North Kurdistan to be reflexive about language and the ideological processes through which value is ascribed to it. It argues that for many Kurds in Turkey, Kurdish linguistic revival and national unity are premised less on the accomplishment of Kurdish linguistic uniformity and more on the ongoing recognition and valorization of linguistic and social differences; Kurdish standard language can function in ways that not only minimize but also draw attention to linguistic variation in socially consequential ways.

本文分析了围绕标准和非标准北部库尔德语(即土耳其所说的Kurmanji库尔德语)的对比而产生的幽默如何有助于标准库尔德语的注册,认为库尔德语笑话促进了不同处境的库尔德观众对标准化语言库的认识,并在不同程度上促进了标准化语言库的吸收。同时也促进了不同的意识形态视角,通过这种视角可以评估标准语言和非标准语言之间的对比。在进行分析的过程中,本文还考虑了库尔德语幽默如何发挥作用,既复制了广泛流传的语言意识形态,又颠覆了它们,邀请当代土耳其和北库尔德斯坦的库尔德听众对语言和意识形态过程进行反思,并通过这些过程赋予语言价值。它认为,对土耳其的许多库尔德人来说,库尔德语的复兴和民族统一的前提不是实现库尔德语的统一,而是不断承认和巩固语言和社会差异;库尔德标准语言的功能不仅可以最大限度地减少,而且还可以在社会后果方面引起对语言变化的关注。
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引用次数: 0
Voices of immigration: A serial narrative ethnography of language shift By Agnes Weiyun He, Cambridge University Press. 2025. pp. 215 《移民之声:语言变迁的系列叙事民族志》,何维云著,剑桥大学出版社,2025。215页。
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70017
Yining Wang
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引用次数: 0
Language as hope By Daniel N. Silva and Jerry Won Lee, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2024. pp. xiv-185 语言是希望,丹尼尔·n·席尔瓦和杰里·李著,剑桥:剑桥大学出版社,2024。pp.十四- 185
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70016
Jonathan DeVore
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引用次数: 0
Just chronotopes: Embodiment, social justice, and “the somatopic imagination” Just chronotopes:化身(Embodiment)、社会正义(social justice)和“躯体想象”(somatic opic imagination)
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70015
Sonya E. Pritzker, With Living Justice Project Collaborators

Drawing on data collected in a global, collaborative ethnography called The Living Justice Project (LJP), this paper investigates how formulations of social justice situate speakers' bodies in relation to one another as well as in relation to dominant interpretations of the past, felt experiences in the present, and visions for the (possible) future. It specifically investigates the ways in which body-centered or somatopic formulations of social justice afford a creative and often provocative reconfiguration of spatiotemporal scales of difference at the heart of contemporary social justice discourse. Analyses demonstrate how, within a conversation centering the meaning of social justice in relation to embodiment, LJP collaborators (1) rescaled equality as an emergent relational practice enacted within and across bodies in space and time; (2) reconfigured recognition as a continuous and emergent as well as relationally, spatially, and temporally engaged process that disturbs normative distinctions between Self and Other as well as between the past, present, and future; and (3) remapped movement by situating liberation in the possible present as well as the possible future. The analysis responds to calls from interdisciplinary scholars advocating for more diverse and expansive definitions of social justice. It also contributes to the deepening and expansion of chronotope theory in linguistic anthropology and embodiment theory in anthropology generally.

根据一项名为“生活正义项目”(LJP)的全球合作民族志收集的数据,本文研究了社会正义的表述如何将说话者的身体置于彼此之间,以及与过去的主流解释、现在的感受经验和(可能的)未来的愿景有关。它特别研究了以身体为中心或躯体为主题的社会正义的表述方式,在当代社会正义话语的核心,提供了一种创造性的、经常是挑衅性的时空差异尺度的重新配置。分析表明,在以社会正义的意义为中心的对话中,LJP合作者如何(1)将平等重新定义为在空间和时间中在身体内部和跨身体制定的紧急关系实践;(2)将认知重新配置为一个连续的、突发的、关系上的、空间上的、时间上的过程,它扰乱了自我与他者之间以及过去、现在和未来之间的规范性区别;(3)通过将解放置于可能的现在和可能的未来来重新描绘运动。该分析回应了跨学科学者的呼吁,他们主张对社会正义进行更多样化和更广泛的定义。这也有助于语言人类学的时位理论和整体人类学的体现理论的深化和拓展。
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引用次数: 0
Young children's language socialization to kinship vocatives and some of their indexicalities in an Indo-Fijian community 印度-斐济社区幼儿对亲属称谓的语言社会化及其指数性
IF 1.4 2区 文学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1111/jola.70011
Alexandra Diamond

This article explores young children's language socialization to kinship vocatives and some of their indexicalities in “Dovubaravi,” a rural Indo-Fijian community in Fiji. The investigation engaged 11 young Dovubaravi children and their extended families in qualitative ethnographic data generation across 2 years. Findings (i) demonstrate participation in culturally approved discourse in Dovubaravi requires apposite deployment of kinship vocatives indexing elder respect, lines of kinship, familial roles, asymmetrically reciprocal obligations between family members, consanguinity taboos, and ethno-cultural identities, and (ii) suggest how multiparty talk supports Dovubaravi children's language socialization to kinship vocatives and their indexicalities, and to a culturally authorized curiosity.

这篇文章探讨了在“Dovubaravi”,一个在斐济农村的印裔斐济人社区,幼儿的语言社会化与亲属称谓的关系,以及他们的一些指向性。调查涉及11名年轻的Dovubaravi儿童及其大家庭,在2年的时间里获得定性人种志数据。研究结果(i)表明,在Dovubaravi中,参与文化认可的话语需要适当地部署亲属关系词汇,包括长辈尊重、亲属关系、家庭角色、家庭成员之间的不对称互惠义务、血缘禁忌和民族文化身份;(ii)表明多方谈话如何支持Dovubaravi儿童的语言社会化,包括亲属关系词汇及其指向性,以及文化认可的好奇心。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Linguistic Anthropology
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