Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2023.2169214
Shawna Bendeck, Orestes P. Hastings
Abstract Despite the ubiquity of “social capital” in sociological research, this measure has broadly been conceptualized as both an individual and collective level measure. We explore the link between these two levels within the United States using recently constructed scales of state- and county-level social capital linked to the geocoded 2000–2018 General Social Survey. Collective social capital is associated with greater individual-level trust and voting. However, heterogeneity analysis reveals substantial differences by race/ethnicity, education, sex, and marital status. Moreover, there is heterogeneity for individual-level confidence in institutions and social interaction frequency, despite no overall relationship between those outcomes and collective social capital. Only some of our results align with existing dimensions of stratification, showing the importance of being clear about the operationalization and level of social capital being studied and highlighting how the “advantages” of collective social capital may not extend broadly to all the members of the collective.
{"title":"Linking individual and collective social capital: operationalization, association, and sociodemographic heterogeneity","authors":"Shawna Bendeck, Orestes P. Hastings","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2023.2169214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2023.2169214","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite the ubiquity of “social capital” in sociological research, this measure has broadly been conceptualized as both an individual and collective level measure. We explore the link between these two levels within the United States using recently constructed scales of state- and county-level social capital linked to the geocoded 2000–2018 General Social Survey. Collective social capital is associated with greater individual-level trust and voting. However, heterogeneity analysis reveals substantial differences by race/ethnicity, education, sex, and marital status. Moreover, there is heterogeneity for individual-level confidence in institutions and social interaction frequency, despite no overall relationship between those outcomes and collective social capital. Only some of our results align with existing dimensions of stratification, showing the importance of being clear about the operationalization and level of social capital being studied and highlighting how the “advantages” of collective social capital may not extend broadly to all the members of the collective.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"43 1","pages":"31 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49590800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2163444
Gabriela Delsignore, A. Aguilar-Latorre, Pablo Garcia-Ruiz, B. Oliván-Blázquez
Abstract There are multiple indices based on positive psychology and the economics of happiness for measuring, evaluating and developing social policies. Based on univariable scales, they reflect a more hedonic view rather than a complex perspective on social reality and human behavior, which renders them unfit for purpose in the field of sociology. This paper proposes a multidimensional model that includes social relationships and human happiness, focusing more on eudaimonic than hedonic happiness. It contains an affective dimension, an ethical dimension, and a welfare system’s evaluation dimension. Based on the sociology of emotions, it includes elements from Shalom Schwartz’s theory of values and Jacques Thomassen’s study of societies with consolidated political and welfare systems. The model was validated using an Exploratory Factor Analysis with 28 variables from the European Social Survey (ESS). A multidimensional index is proposed, composed of five factors: the welfare system, positive and negative emotional states, altruism, and egocentrism.
{"title":"Measuring happiness for social policy evaluation: a multidimensional index of happiness","authors":"Gabriela Delsignore, A. Aguilar-Latorre, Pablo Garcia-Ruiz, B. Oliván-Blázquez","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2163444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2163444","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are multiple indices based on positive psychology and the economics of happiness for measuring, evaluating and developing social policies. Based on univariable scales, they reflect a more hedonic view rather than a complex perspective on social reality and human behavior, which renders them unfit for purpose in the field of sociology. This paper proposes a multidimensional model that includes social relationships and human happiness, focusing more on eudaimonic than hedonic happiness. It contains an affective dimension, an ethical dimension, and a welfare system’s evaluation dimension. Based on the sociology of emotions, it includes elements from Shalom Schwartz’s theory of values and Jacques Thomassen’s study of societies with consolidated political and welfare systems. The model was validated using an Exploratory Factor Analysis with 28 variables from the European Social Survey (ESS). A multidimensional index is proposed, composed of five factors: the welfare system, positive and negative emotional states, altruism, and egocentrism.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"43 1","pages":"16 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42386284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2154726
Feng Hao
Abstract Climate change is a major challenge facing the United States today. Recent years have witnessed a surge of extreme weather events that brought devastating impacts on the economy and environment. One major contributor to climate change is CO2 emissions produced from fossil fuel consumption. Promoting renewable energy is one practical pathway to mitigate these emissions while also meeting energy demands. This study investigates the driving forces of U.S. renewable energy consumption. The data are a balanced panel that includes indicators for 50 states and Washington, DC, from 1997 to 2019. The time-series Prais–Winsten regression is adopted for statistical estimation. Results show that states consume more renewable energy when they have less carbon-intensive economies and suffer more climate change impacts. Also, the renewable portfolio standards represent an effective policy instrument to promote renewable consumption. The findings complement existing literature and carry policy implications. Notably, states become supportive of renewable energy when their economies are less intertwined with fossil fuels and relevant policies are in place to provide incentives for renewables.
{"title":"The driving forces of U.S. renewable energy consumption—a longitudinal analysis of data from 1997 to 2019","authors":"Feng Hao","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2154726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2154726","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Climate change is a major challenge facing the United States today. Recent years have witnessed a surge of extreme weather events that brought devastating impacts on the economy and environment. One major contributor to climate change is CO2 emissions produced from fossil fuel consumption. Promoting renewable energy is one practical pathway to mitigate these emissions while also meeting energy demands. This study investigates the driving forces of U.S. renewable energy consumption. The data are a balanced panel that includes indicators for 50 states and Washington, DC, from 1997 to 2019. The time-series Prais–Winsten regression is adopted for statistical estimation. Results show that states consume more renewable energy when they have less carbon-intensive economies and suffer more climate change impacts. Also, the renewable portfolio standards represent an effective policy instrument to promote renewable consumption. The findings complement existing literature and carry policy implications. Notably, states become supportive of renewable energy when their economies are less intertwined with fossil fuels and relevant policies are in place to provide incentives for renewables.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"43 1","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45112767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2148797
M. Lynch, M. A. Long, P. Stretesky
Abstract The adverse impacts of capitalism on the global ecosystem are well-identified, and have created consumer interest in ecologically friendly commodities. One corporate response to this situation has been the development of green marketing strategies designed to convince consumers that products are ecologically sustainable and/or less ecologically harmful. One strategies suggests that luxury commodities are ecologically sustainable due to their durability and/or longevity. That argument ignores empirical assessments of the ecological impacts of luxury commodity production. To illustrate this point, we examine the use of green labeling claims within the context of capitalism. As an empirical example, we focus on sustainability claims constructed around luxury diamonds, and estimate the ecological harms of mining a large diamond in carbon equivalent terms. We also examine related production claims linked to sustainable supply chain certification. In our discussion, we draw from arguments in green criminology to suggest that diamond mining could be viewed as a crime of ecocide, and should be discouraged through influence campaigns and perhaps legal restrictions on diamond mining.
{"title":"Averting your gaze with sustainable, green marketing claims: a critique of luxury commodity production sustainability claims, with evidence from the diamond industry","authors":"M. Lynch, M. A. Long, P. Stretesky","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2148797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2148797","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The adverse impacts of capitalism on the global ecosystem are well-identified, and have created consumer interest in ecologically friendly commodities. One corporate response to this situation has been the development of green marketing strategies designed to convince consumers that products are ecologically sustainable and/or less ecologically harmful. One strategies suggests that luxury commodities are ecologically sustainable due to their durability and/or longevity. That argument ignores empirical assessments of the ecological impacts of luxury commodity production. To illustrate this point, we examine the use of green labeling claims within the context of capitalism. As an empirical example, we focus on sustainability claims constructed around luxury diamonds, and estimate the ecological harms of mining a large diamond in carbon equivalent terms. We also examine related production claims linked to sustainable supply chain certification. In our discussion, we draw from arguments in green criminology to suggest that diamond mining could be viewed as a crime of ecocide, and should be discouraged through influence campaigns and perhaps legal restrictions on diamond mining.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"42 1","pages":"278 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48924918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-04DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2105767
Matthew Costello, Ashley V. Reichelmann, J. Hawdon
Abstract Cyberviolence is a growing concern, leading researchers to explore why some users engage in harmful acts online. This study uses leading criminological theories—the general theory of crime/self-control theory, social control/bonding theory, social learning theory, and general strain theory—to explore why 15–18-year-old American adolescents join ongoing acts of cyberviolence. Additionally, we examine the role of socio-demographic traits and online routines in perpetuating cyberviolence. Results of an ordinal logistic regression indicate that low self-control, online strain, closeness to online communities, and watching others engage in online attacks are associated with joining an ongoing act of cyberviolence. Moreover, an individual’s age and familial relationships are inversely related to joining an online attack. Taken together, all four criminological theories we test help predict engagement in cyberviolence, indicating an integrative theory may be valuable in understanding participation in cyberhate attacks.
{"title":"Utilizing criminological theories to predict involvement in cyberviolence among the iGeneration","authors":"Matthew Costello, Ashley V. Reichelmann, J. Hawdon","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2105767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2105767","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cyberviolence is a growing concern, leading researchers to explore why some users engage in harmful acts online. This study uses leading criminological theories—the general theory of crime/self-control theory, social control/bonding theory, social learning theory, and general strain theory—to explore why 15–18-year-old American adolescents join ongoing acts of cyberviolence. Additionally, we examine the role of socio-demographic traits and online routines in perpetuating cyberviolence. Results of an ordinal logistic regression indicate that low self-control, online strain, closeness to online communities, and watching others engage in online attacks are associated with joining an ongoing act of cyberviolence. Moreover, an individual’s age and familial relationships are inversely related to joining an online attack. Taken together, all four criminological theories we test help predict engagement in cyberviolence, indicating an integrative theory may be valuable in understanding participation in cyberhate attacks.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"42 1","pages":"260 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46835497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2078450
M. Friendly
Abstract André-Michel Guerry was born and raised in Tours in a family whose touraine roots go back at least to the early 1600 s. He can be considered one of the founders of the empirical study of criminology and modern social science. His accomplishments were honored in his lifetime, yet he remains largely unrecognized and under-appreciated today, both in history and in his native city. This article traces his life and the contributions he made to social science, thematic cartography and statistical graphics. Moreover, we provide an account of his family background and genealogy. The present article is an expanded update to one written 15 years ago and includes some commentary on the priority dispute between Quetelet and Guerry.
{"title":"The life and works of André-Michel Guerry, revisited","authors":"M. Friendly","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2078450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2078450","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract André-Michel Guerry was born and raised in Tours in a family whose touraine roots go back at least to the early 1600 s. He can be considered one of the founders of the empirical study of criminology and modern social science. His accomplishments were honored in his lifetime, yet he remains largely unrecognized and under-appreciated today, both in history and in his native city. This article traces his life and the contributions he made to social science, thematic cartography and statistical graphics. Moreover, we provide an account of his family background and genealogy. The present article is an expanded update to one written 15 years ago and includes some commentary on the priority dispute between Quetelet and Guerry.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"42 1","pages":"233 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48429674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2085639
D. Miller, R. Thorpe
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic poses unique challenges as long-standing health disparities and social inequalities play out before our eyes whenas unsustainable healthcare infrastructures and this pandemic COVID-19 collide. At this moment, COVID-19 offers social scientists a reflection point for understanding and reimagining new equitable structures to address the needs of our society. This special issue—COVID-19, Health and Society: Lessons for Pandemic Disasters Yet to Come—presents a collection of papers that advance our understanding of the structural forces that impact the health and well-being of vulnerable populations and prevent the social change needed to build safer, healthier, and more resilient communities.
{"title":"COVID-19 and health inequalities: lessons for pandemic disasters yet to come","authors":"D. Miller, R. Thorpe","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2085639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2085639","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic poses unique challenges as long-standing health disparities and social inequalities play out before our eyes whenas unsustainable healthcare infrastructures and this pandemic COVID-19 collide. At this moment, COVID-19 offers social scientists a reflection point for understanding and reimagining new equitable structures to address the needs of our society. This special issue—COVID-19, Health and Society: Lessons for Pandemic Disasters Yet to Come—presents a collection of papers that advance our understanding of the structural forces that impact the health and well-being of vulnerable populations and prevent the social change needed to build safer, healthier, and more resilient communities.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"42 1","pages":"157 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48151178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2081949
Thamara Jabbour Monreal, Everton Falcão de Oliveira, Maria Elizabeth Araújo Ajalla, Deisy Adania Zanoni, Claudia Du Bocage Santos-Pinto
Abstract Community health workers (CHWs) are the main bridge between health services and the community, and therefore play a vital role in the COVID-19 response. The aim of this study was to determine the COVID-19-related health status of CHWs, their basic knowledge of the disease and the role they played in the pandemic response in 2020. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with CHWs working in Campo Grande between December 2020 and January 2021. The data were collected using an electronic questionnaire. Around 40% of the sample reported at least one risk factor for COVID-19, 44% had experienced at least one COVID-19 symptom, and 76% had experienced symptoms of mental suffering during the first year of the pandemic. Mental suffering was associated with the onset of flu-like symptoms after the start of the pandemic and changes in work processes. Knowledge gaps were observed, mainly related to forms of transmission and disease prevention. In view of the uncertainty about how long this health emergency will last and the vital role CHWs play in the Brazilian Health System, health managers and society need to pay greater attention to these professionals in order to improve the effectiveness of the country’s COVID-19 response.
{"title":"Community health workers and COVID-19 in a Brazilian state capital","authors":"Thamara Jabbour Monreal, Everton Falcão de Oliveira, Maria Elizabeth Araújo Ajalla, Deisy Adania Zanoni, Claudia Du Bocage Santos-Pinto","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2081949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2081949","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Community health workers (CHWs) are the main bridge between health services and the community, and therefore play a vital role in the COVID-19 response. The aim of this study was to determine the COVID-19-related health status of CHWs, their basic knowledge of the disease and the role they played in the pandemic response in 2020. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with CHWs working in Campo Grande between December 2020 and January 2021. The data were collected using an electronic questionnaire. Around 40% of the sample reported at least one risk factor for COVID-19, 44% had experienced at least one COVID-19 symptom, and 76% had experienced symptoms of mental suffering during the first year of the pandemic. Mental suffering was associated with the onset of flu-like symptoms after the start of the pandemic and changes in work processes. Knowledge gaps were observed, mainly related to forms of transmission and disease prevention. In view of the uncertainty about how long this health emergency will last and the vital role CHWs play in the Brazilian Health System, health managers and society need to pay greater attention to these professionals in order to improve the effectiveness of the country’s COVID-19 response.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"107 7","pages":"217 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41259679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2081891
C. Kim, H. Kim
Abstract The coronavirus pandemic has had devastating mental health consequences across the world. Among others, economic uncertainty created by job loss due to the pandemic has been a main culprit. This study examines the deleterious effect of losing a job personally or living with a family member who did on mental health among American adults. We also examine whether this link varies across two measures of vulnerability at the individual level (low household income and ethnic minority status). We further run cross-level interaction models between job loss and two contextual moderators (COVID-19 cases and community social capital). Based on multilevel analysis of Census House Pulse Survey consisting of U.S. probability samples collected over a 10-month period between April 2020 and February 2021, we find strong support for the positive relationship between job loss and mental distress, which is more pronounced among Americans with lower household income. This relationship also increases in regions with higher average coronavirus infections but decreases in places with higher stock of social capital.
{"title":"Economic precarity and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the census household pulse survey (2020–2021)","authors":"C. Kim, H. Kim","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2081891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2081891","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The coronavirus pandemic has had devastating mental health consequences across the world. Among others, economic uncertainty created by job loss due to the pandemic has been a main culprit. This study examines the deleterious effect of losing a job personally or living with a family member who did on mental health among American adults. We also examine whether this link varies across two measures of vulnerability at the individual level (low household income and ethnic minority status). We further run cross-level interaction models between job loss and two contextual moderators (COVID-19 cases and community social capital). Based on multilevel analysis of Census House Pulse Survey consisting of U.S. probability samples collected over a 10-month period between April 2020 and February 2021, we find strong support for the positive relationship between job loss and mental distress, which is more pronounced among Americans with lower household income. This relationship also increases in regions with higher average coronavirus infections but decreases in places with higher stock of social capital.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"42 1","pages":"195 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42596466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2022.2081893
Adaobi Anakwe, W. Majee, I. David, R. Belue
Abstract During disasters, vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected. COVID-19 disproportionately affected African American (AA) families, increasing their risk for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The pandemic also exacerbated existing negative milieu such as economic opportunity and access to social and healthcare services. We explored AA families’ experiences of indirect pandemic effects. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth telephone interviews with 11 AA parent/grandparents of school-aged child (5–17 years). Line-by-line coding and thematic analysis were used to analyze and interpret the data. Three emergent themes highlighted the salient indirect effects of COVID-19 pandemic on AA families: (i) access to healthcare, (ii) access to food, and (iii) disaster unpreparedness. Participants expressed frustration with virtual healthcare services and inability to schedule in-person hospital appointments for health conditions unrelated to COVID-19. Lack of food products in stores and limited financial resources due to pandemic-related job layoffs were important food insecurity factors discussed. Unpreparedness on the part of institutions, state, and the nation, created heightened perceptions of vulnerability. Given the social vulnerability spectrum in the U.S., pandemic planning approaches that promote equity are critical if public officials are to develop effective adaptation, mitigation, response, and recovery plans that mobilize and serve diverse populations.
{"title":"Unpreparedness and uncertainty: a qualitative study of African American experiences during COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Adaobi Anakwe, W. Majee, I. David, R. Belue","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2022.2081893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2022.2081893","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During disasters, vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected. COVID-19 disproportionately affected African American (AA) families, increasing their risk for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The pandemic also exacerbated existing negative milieu such as economic opportunity and access to social and healthcare services. We explored AA families’ experiences of indirect pandemic effects. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth telephone interviews with 11 AA parent/grandparents of school-aged child (5–17 years). Line-by-line coding and thematic analysis were used to analyze and interpret the data. Three emergent themes highlighted the salient indirect effects of COVID-19 pandemic on AA families: (i) access to healthcare, (ii) access to food, and (iii) disaster unpreparedness. Participants expressed frustration with virtual healthcare services and inability to schedule in-person hospital appointments for health conditions unrelated to COVID-19. Lack of food products in stores and limited financial resources due to pandemic-related job layoffs were important food insecurity factors discussed. Unpreparedness on the part of institutions, state, and the nation, created heightened perceptions of vulnerability. Given the social vulnerability spectrum in the U.S., pandemic planning approaches that promote equity are critical if public officials are to develop effective adaptation, mitigation, response, and recovery plans that mobilize and serve diverse populations.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"42 1","pages":"162 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46724063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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