Pub Date : 2020-12-09DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1850375
Song Yang, Brandon A. Jackson, A. Zajicek
Abstract We apply intersectional frameworks and use a nationally representative dataset to investigate patterns of differential access to social capital among six racial and gender groups. We define social capital as resources controlled by individuals’ social contacts. Individuals can mobilize those contacts to facilitate their actions. We characterize one’s access to social capital with three indicators: the average occupational prestige score of individuals’ social contacts (average), the highest occupation reached among individuals’ contacts (reach), and the number of positions accessed (network diversity). Concerning the average score of one’s social contacts, our findings support the double jeopardy approach, with a simple hierarchy of gender and race/ethnicity: all men have a higher average score than their women counterparts. However, although white men have the highest average score in their social contacts, black women have the highest reach and highest network diversity, net of effects from mediating controls. We discuss implications of our research for future studies of social capital, on the one hand, and intersectionality, especially as it relates to the notions of black male and Latino male vulnerability, on the other.
{"title":"A changing landscape? An intersectional analysis of race and gender disparity in access to social capital","authors":"Song Yang, Brandon A. Jackson, A. Zajicek","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1850375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850375","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We apply intersectional frameworks and use a nationally representative dataset to investigate patterns of differential access to social capital among six racial and gender groups. We define social capital as resources controlled by individuals’ social contacts. Individuals can mobilize those contacts to facilitate their actions. We characterize one’s access to social capital with three indicators: the average occupational prestige score of individuals’ social contacts (average), the highest occupation reached among individuals’ contacts (reach), and the number of positions accessed (network diversity). Concerning the average score of one’s social contacts, our findings support the double jeopardy approach, with a simple hierarchy of gender and race/ethnicity: all men have a higher average score than their women counterparts. However, although white men have the highest average score in their social contacts, black women have the highest reach and highest network diversity, net of effects from mediating controls. We discuss implications of our research for future studies of social capital, on the one hand, and intersectionality, especially as it relates to the notions of black male and Latino male vulnerability, on the other.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"41 1","pages":"80 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43903188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-07DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1850379
Rayna E. Momen, Lisa M. Dilks
Abstract Empirical research has yet to explore the intersections of victim characteristics on case outcomes (e.g. guilty, not guilty, unsolved) in transgender homicides. Drawing on queer criminological and intersectional frameworks, both theoretically and methodologically, we explore this relationship using data from 105 transgender homicide cases in the United States between 2010 and 2016. Although only an exploratory study due to our small and sparse sample, both bivariate and multivariate analyses reveal that case outcomes are patterned on the intersections between trans homicide victim race, gender identity, and age at death. We find that while Black trans women are the most common group of trans homicide victim, their cases are among the least likely to result in a guilty verdict. We also find that age plays a unique role in the likelihood of conviction creating an eldership advantage for some race and gender identity intersections but serving as a disadvantage for others.
{"title":"Examining case outcomes in US transgender homicides: an exploratory investigation of the intersectionality of victim characteristics","authors":"Rayna E. Momen, Lisa M. Dilks","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1850379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850379","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Empirical research has yet to explore the intersections of victim characteristics on case outcomes (e.g. guilty, not guilty, unsolved) in transgender homicides. Drawing on queer criminological and intersectional frameworks, both theoretically and methodologically, we explore this relationship using data from 105 transgender homicide cases in the United States between 2010 and 2016. Although only an exploratory study due to our small and sparse sample, both bivariate and multivariate analyses reveal that case outcomes are patterned on the intersections between trans homicide victim race, gender identity, and age at death. We find that while Black trans women are the most common group of trans homicide victim, their cases are among the least likely to result in a guilty verdict. We also find that age plays a unique role in the likelihood of conviction creating an eldership advantage for some race and gender identity intersections but serving as a disadvantage for others.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"41 1","pages":"53 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48679768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-04DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1850378
Jen McGovern
Abstract Latina women, a growing demographic in the United States, are largely absent from literature examining how race, ethnicity, and gender influence sport participation. This research explores how those factors intersect with socioeconomic status and generational status to influence how and when they joined organized sport, which sports they chose, and their perceptions of family support and belonging. Semi-structured interviews with 31 college-educated Latinas who played interscholastic high school sports in the US demonstrate that social class and nativity influence sport choices through habitus. Middle class and native-born families have resources to access organized sport and prioritize participation. Their daughters begin sport at an early age and are well-supported in their athletic careers. Lower-class and immigrant families place a lower value on organized sport and have fewer resources to access opportunities. Class and generation also intersect with gender, race, and ethnicity to influence when women join organized sports and how they make sense of their athletic participation.
{"title":"The intersection of class, race, gender and generation in shaping Latinas’ sport experiences","authors":"Jen McGovern","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1850378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850378","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Latina women, a growing demographic in the United States, are largely absent from literature examining how race, ethnicity, and gender influence sport participation. This research explores how those factors intersect with socioeconomic status and generational status to influence how and when they joined organized sport, which sports they chose, and their perceptions of family support and belonging. Semi-structured interviews with 31 college-educated Latinas who played interscholastic high school sports in the US demonstrate that social class and nativity influence sport choices through habitus. Middle class and native-born families have resources to access organized sport and prioritize participation. Their daughters begin sport at an early age and are well-supported in their athletic careers. Lower-class and immigrant families place a lower value on organized sport and have fewer resources to access opportunities. Class and generation also intersect with gender, race, and ethnicity to influence when women join organized sports and how they make sense of their athletic participation.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"41 1","pages":"96 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43139152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-28DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1850377
Erika Busse, M. Krausch, Wenjie Liao
Abstract While critical pedagogy emphasizes the marginalized status of the learner, feminist pedagogy challenges the presumption of a one-dimensional power dynamic in the classroom by illuminating the intersecting axes of power along which everyone in a learning community, including the pedagog, can simultaneously enjoy privileges and experience marginalization. Yet there has been little empirical intersectional research on how the university as an institution interferes with critical and feminist teaching. Extending Torres’s intersectional theorization of critical pedagogy and building on sociological research on workplace inequality, we investigate the role of the neoliberal university in facilitating/obstructing feminist critical teaching. We conducted ethnography on three campuses across two countries, the United States and Peru. While we expected that our unconventional teaching methods combined with our foreignness, womanhood, and queerness would invite resistance from students, we found that the messages sent by the race- and gender-neutral neoliberal university were at the root of the illegibility of our teaching and our intellectual existence. We argue that the neoliberal university as it exists is antithetical to critical pedagogy in general, and feminist teaching in particular, attesting to the urgency of returning critical pedagogy to its roots in political organizing beyond formal education.
{"title":"How the “neutral” university makes critical feminist pedagogy impossible: intersectional analysis from marginalized faculty on three campuses","authors":"Erika Busse, M. Krausch, Wenjie Liao","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1850377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850377","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While critical pedagogy emphasizes the marginalized status of the learner, feminist pedagogy challenges the presumption of a one-dimensional power dynamic in the classroom by illuminating the intersecting axes of power along which everyone in a learning community, including the pedagog, can simultaneously enjoy privileges and experience marginalization. Yet there has been little empirical intersectional research on how the university as an institution interferes with critical and feminist teaching. Extending Torres’s intersectional theorization of critical pedagogy and building on sociological research on workplace inequality, we investigate the role of the neoliberal university in facilitating/obstructing feminist critical teaching. We conducted ethnography on three campuses across two countries, the United States and Peru. While we expected that our unconventional teaching methods combined with our foreignness, womanhood, and queerness would invite resistance from students, we found that the messages sent by the race- and gender-neutral neoliberal university were at the root of the illegibility of our teaching and our intellectual existence. We argue that the neoliberal university as it exists is antithetical to critical pedagogy in general, and feminist teaching in particular, attesting to the urgency of returning critical pedagogy to its roots in political organizing beyond formal education.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"41 1","pages":"29 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49474277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-26DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1850380
Sarah Donley, Melencia Johnson
Abstract In order to advance our goal of highlighting intersectional work and the importance of centering critical praxis we felt it was necessary to make a visible contribution to the Mid-South Sociological Association’s journal, Sociological Spectrum. While there are issues of general sociology journals that focus on “race, class, and gender” there are few instances of these same journals dedicating an entire issue to “intersectionality.” Never before has Sociological Spectrum published a special issue totally dedicated to intersectional research, analysis, and praxis. We begin with a rationale for this special issue, then follow with a brief review of intersectionality, highlighting the seminal research and the variety of applications. Next, we summarize the articles in this special issue to demonstrate the versatility of intersectionality. We end with a call to recognize the importance of intersectional scholarship and application to social justice work
{"title":"Introduction to the special issue, “intersectional experiences and marginalized voices”","authors":"Sarah Donley, Melencia Johnson","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1850380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850380","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to advance our goal of highlighting intersectional work and the importance of centering critical praxis we felt it was necessary to make a visible contribution to the Mid-South Sociological Association’s journal, Sociological Spectrum. While there are issues of general sociology journals that focus on “race, class, and gender” there are few instances of these same journals dedicating an entire issue to “intersectionality.” Never before has Sociological Spectrum published a special issue totally dedicated to intersectional research, analysis, and praxis. We begin with a rationale for this special issue, then follow with a brief review of intersectionality, highlighting the seminal research and the variety of applications. Next, we summarize the articles in this special issue to demonstrate the versatility of intersectionality. We end with a call to recognize the importance of intersectional scholarship and application to social justice work","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"41 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42893256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-20DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1850376
Sarah A. Rogers, Baker A. Rogers
Abstract In this study, we examine trans men’s pathways to incarceration, through the lens of feminist criminology, specifically pathways perspective, intersectionality, and queer criminology. We extend the use of feminist pathways theory to a population other than girls and women. We discuss specific pathways that contribute to trans men’s criminal justice system involvement, including: (1) childhood abuse; (2) victimization experiences; and, (3) homelessness. Through the use of 15 semi-structured, in-depth phone interviews with previously incarcerated trans men across the United States, we demonstrate how these pathways contribute to their experiences with the criminal justice system. We then discuss trans men’s negative coping mechanisms and lack of support systems as factors that influence future offending. Our goal is to queer feminist criminology in order to better account for diversity in gender identities and experiences with the criminal justice system. Overall, we demonstrate the need for more social support and resources for trans men, especially for trans men of color and those who have experienced common pathways to the criminal justice system.
{"title":"Trans men’s pathways to incarceration","authors":"Sarah A. Rogers, Baker A. Rogers","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1850376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850376","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, we examine trans men’s pathways to incarceration, through the lens of feminist criminology, specifically pathways perspective, intersectionality, and queer criminology. We extend the use of feminist pathways theory to a population other than girls and women. We discuss specific pathways that contribute to trans men’s criminal justice system involvement, including: (1) childhood abuse; (2) victimization experiences; and, (3) homelessness. Through the use of 15 semi-structured, in-depth phone interviews with previously incarcerated trans men across the United States, we demonstrate how these pathways contribute to their experiences with the criminal justice system. We then discuss trans men’s negative coping mechanisms and lack of support systems as factors that influence future offending. Our goal is to queer feminist criminology in order to better account for diversity in gender identities and experiences with the criminal justice system. Overall, we demonstrate the need for more social support and resources for trans men, especially for trans men of color and those who have experienced common pathways to the criminal justice system.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"41 1","pages":"115 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1850376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43731298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1847706
Taylor M. Jackson
Abstract Past research has examined how certain amounts of social capital impact business owners. Access to diverse social networks, social support, and resources make running a viable business easier for some. Although literature points to these benefits as factors for operating a successful business, Black women often do not have the same levels of social capital necessary when they become business owners. Research specifically related to Black women business owners’ social capital and how it relates to their business success, is limited, so we know less about how Black women respond to potential social capital challenges. Using 20 in-depth interviews, I utilize an intersectional framework to critically examine how Black women’s access to limited social capital creates business related challenges. I find that race, class, and gender impact how Black women owners engage in this process. Respondents restructure their social networks, join professional organizations catered to women and people of color, and use community involvement to their advantage. This study adds to our current understanding of Black women’s entrepreneurial pursuits and their specific challenges.
{"title":"We have to leverage those relationships: how Black women business owners respond to limited social capital","authors":"Taylor M. Jackson","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1847706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1847706","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Past research has examined how certain amounts of social capital impact business owners. Access to diverse social networks, social support, and resources make running a viable business easier for some. Although literature points to these benefits as factors for operating a successful business, Black women often do not have the same levels of social capital necessary when they become business owners. Research specifically related to Black women business owners’ social capital and how it relates to their business success, is limited, so we know less about how Black women respond to potential social capital challenges. Using 20 in-depth interviews, I utilize an intersectional framework to critically examine how Black women’s access to limited social capital creates business related challenges. I find that race, class, and gender impact how Black women owners engage in this process. Respondents restructure their social networks, join professional organizations catered to women and people of color, and use community involvement to their advantage. This study adds to our current understanding of Black women’s entrepreneurial pursuits and their specific challenges.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"41 1","pages":"137 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1847706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47483101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1833266
Paul D. C. Bones
Abstract This exploratory study examines how the intersection of physical impairment, sexual minority status, and gender affects lifetime sexual assault. Persons with a physical disability, sexual minorities, and women all experience high rates of sexual assault. However, the intersection of these identities is rarely studied. The author draws on the concept of sexual citizenship to contextualize how vulnerability affects populations with multiple marginalized identities. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Wave 4, analysis showed that both physical limitation and sexual minority status were positively correlated with higher risks of lifetime sexual assault in Binary Logistic Regression. Predicted probabilities derived from analysis indicated that sexual minority status had a larger effect than physical limitation on lifetime sexual assault, but sexual minority women with a physical limitation had the highest risk of having experienced sexual assault.
摘要本研究旨在探讨身体缺陷、性少数身份和性别三者的交集如何影响终生性侵犯。身体残障人士、性少数群体和女性遭受性侵犯的几率都很高。然而，这些身份的交集很少被研究。作者借鉴了性公民的概念，将脆弱性如何影响具有多重边缘身份的人群置于背景之下。利用国家青少年健康纵向研究(National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Wave 4)的数据，通过二元Logistic回归分析发现，身体限制和性少数身份与终生性侵犯的高风险呈正相关。通过分析得出的预测概率表明，性少数身份对终生性侵犯的影响大于身体限制，但身体限制的性少数女性遭受性侵犯的风险最高。
{"title":"Sexual citizenship and lifetime sexual assault: exploring the risks for sexual minority women with a physical limitation","authors":"Paul D. C. Bones","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1833266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1833266","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This exploratory study examines how the intersection of physical impairment, sexual minority status, and gender affects lifetime sexual assault. Persons with a physical disability, sexual minorities, and women all experience high rates of sexual assault. However, the intersection of these identities is rarely studied. The author draws on the concept of sexual citizenship to contextualize how vulnerability affects populations with multiple marginalized identities. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Wave 4, analysis showed that both physical limitation and sexual minority status were positively correlated with higher risks of lifetime sexual assault in Binary Logistic Regression. Predicted probabilities derived from analysis indicated that sexual minority status had a larger effect than physical limitation on lifetime sexual assault, but sexual minority women with a physical limitation had the highest risk of having experienced sexual assault.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"40 1","pages":"417 - 431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1833266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48713388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1812456
Marcus A. Brooks
Abstract In 2017 users on the 4chan messaging platform concocted a scheme to launder their white supremacist messaging into the mainstream racial discourse. The campaign, proclaiming “It’s Okay to be White,” traveled from 4chan to traditional media and onto social media platforms where the message’s merits were discussed and debated within the vernacular racial discourse happening online. In this qualitative analysis of YouTube videos, where the vloggers express support for the sentiment that “it’s okay to be white,” I find that the vloggers employ strategic engagement with certain frames of colorblindness while avoiding others. I find that the originators of the “it’s okay to be white” campaign were successful in laundering their message onto YouTube and that the vloggers who offer alternative, conservative perspectives on news, media, and pop culture deployed the same strategies of colorblind racetalk as did those who are recognized and self-proclaimed far-right white nationalists and members of the alt-right. This finding offers insight into how colorblindness is strategically produced to slip white supremacist messaging into political and pop culture discourses as a way to gain support for white supremacist ideologies.
{"title":"It’s okay to be White: laundering White supremacy through a colorblind victimized White race-consciousness raising campaign","authors":"Marcus A. Brooks","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1812456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1812456","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2017 users on the 4chan messaging platform concocted a scheme to launder their white supremacist messaging into the mainstream racial discourse. The campaign, proclaiming “It’s Okay to be White,” traveled from 4chan to traditional media and onto social media platforms where the message’s merits were discussed and debated within the vernacular racial discourse happening online. In this qualitative analysis of YouTube videos, where the vloggers express support for the sentiment that “it’s okay to be white,” I find that the vloggers employ strategic engagement with certain frames of colorblindness while avoiding others. I find that the originators of the “it’s okay to be white” campaign were successful in laundering their message onto YouTube and that the vloggers who offer alternative, conservative perspectives on news, media, and pop culture deployed the same strategies of colorblind racetalk as did those who are recognized and self-proclaimed far-right white nationalists and members of the alt-right. This finding offers insight into how colorblindness is strategically produced to slip white supremacist messaging into political and pop culture discourses as a way to gain support for white supremacist ideologies.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"40 1","pages":"400 - 416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1812456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41809175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2020.1812457
S. Ghosh, J. Godley
Abstract This research examines the experiences of female domestic workers in Calcutta, India, with a focus on the relationships between the workers and their female employers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirty female domestic workers in Calcutta in 2015–2016. The women were asked to reflect on their relationships with their female employers, and responses were analyzed using grounded theory. Three themes emerged from the analysis, indicating three different kinds of relationships the workers had with their employers. Some of the women talked about a professional relationship, which is formal and lacks warmth, characterized by status differentiation. Others talked about a distant and abusive relationship, where exploitation is direct and explicit. The largest group talked about a caring and supportive relationship, where there is love, consideration, and understanding. All three groups of women, however, felt that their relationship with their female employer involved some level of exploitation, whether it was overt or concealed. These findings give voice to a vulnerable group of workers in contemporary India, exposing social relationships between women of different classes that are characterized by both compassion and exploitation. We argue that these women’s stories provide further evidence that legal protections must be put in place for domestic workers in India, in accordance with international recommendations.
{"title":"Voices of domestic workers in Calcutta","authors":"S. Ghosh, J. Godley","doi":"10.1080/02732173.2020.1812457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1812457","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research examines the experiences of female domestic workers in Calcutta, India, with a focus on the relationships between the workers and their female employers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirty female domestic workers in Calcutta in 2015–2016. The women were asked to reflect on their relationships with their female employers, and responses were analyzed using grounded theory. Three themes emerged from the analysis, indicating three different kinds of relationships the workers had with their employers. Some of the women talked about a professional relationship, which is formal and lacks warmth, characterized by status differentiation. Others talked about a distant and abusive relationship, where exploitation is direct and explicit. The largest group talked about a caring and supportive relationship, where there is love, consideration, and understanding. All three groups of women, however, felt that their relationship with their female employer involved some level of exploitation, whether it was overt or concealed. These findings give voice to a vulnerable group of workers in contemporary India, exposing social relationships between women of different classes that are characterized by both compassion and exploitation. We argue that these women’s stories provide further evidence that legal protections must be put in place for domestic workers in India, in accordance with international recommendations.","PeriodicalId":47106,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Spectrum","volume":"40 1","pages":"432 - 444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02732173.2020.1812457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41826524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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