BACKGROUND: Individuals living with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience challenges when they enter the open labor market or competitive employment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to explore the experiences of individuals living with ASD and the perceptions of health therapists with regard to establishing and maintaining the worker role. METHODS: The data was collected through interviews with two groups of participants diagnosed with ASD working in the open market, and key informants from South Africa and central United States of America participated in the study. RESULTS: The data were collected by means of descriptive qualitative research methods and analysed using thematic content analysis. Three themes emerged from the study. Theme one: Facilitation of integration into the workplace after work training; Theme two: A need for client-centred practice in matching the client’s job to their interest; Theme three: Work enables a sense of normality. CONCLUSION: In conclusion the study presented findings that were common among participants in both cities, especially the importance of exercising supported employment and client-centred practice in placing the individual with ASD in the workplace.
{"title":"Exploring the experiences of individuals living with autism spectrum disorder about their worker role: The South African and Central United States contextual experience","authors":"M. Soeker, D. Beversdorf, Cortney Fish","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221216","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Individuals living with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience challenges when they enter the open labor market or competitive employment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to explore the experiences of individuals living with ASD and the perceptions of health therapists with regard to establishing and maintaining the worker role. METHODS: The data was collected through interviews with two groups of participants diagnosed with ASD working in the open market, and key informants from South Africa and central United States of America participated in the study. RESULTS: The data were collected by means of descriptive qualitative research methods and analysed using thematic content analysis. Three themes emerged from the study. Theme one: Facilitation of integration into the workplace after work training; Theme two: A need for client-centred practice in matching the client’s job to their interest; Theme three: Work enables a sense of normality. CONCLUSION: In conclusion the study presented findings that were common among participants in both cities, especially the importance of exercising supported employment and client-centred practice in placing the individual with ASD in the workplace.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72692069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Disability stigma is a significant risk factor that reduces job satisfaction. Based on the previous studies, the role of disability acceptance as a buffer to prevent the negative impact of stigma in the workplace is hypothesized. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the moderating effect of disability acceptance on the negative effects of disability stigma on job satisfaction of people with disabilities. METHODS: 164 participants working at the time of the survey completed questionnaires measuring disability stigma, disability acceptance, and job satisfaction. The associations among the three variables were examined using simple linear regression analyses. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the moderating effect of disability acceptance after controlling disability type. RESULTS: Disability stigma (β=–0.17, p < 0.05) and disability acceptance (β=0.18, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with job satisfaction respectively. In the final model, disability acceptance moderated the relationship between disability stigma and job satisfaction (β=–0.16, p < 0.05). Specifically, the impacts of disability stigma on job satisfaction for participants with higher disability acceptance differed from those with lower acceptance. CONCLUSION: The current research suggests that disability acceptance plays a critical role for people with disabilities to cope with the negative impact of disability stigma. This result implies that disability acceptance should be an important focus of intervention to increase job satisfaction.
背景:残障耻辱感是降低工作满意度的重要风险因素。在以往研究的基础上，假设残疾接受作为缓冲的作用，以防止工作场所耻辱的负面影响。目的:研究残障接受度对残障耻辱感对残障人工作满意度负向影响的调节作用。方法:164名在调查时工作的参与者完成了残疾污名、残疾接受度和工作满意度的问卷调查。使用简单的线性回归分析来检验三个变量之间的关联。通过层次线性回归分析，在控制残疾类型后，确定残疾接受度的调节作用。结果:残障耻辱感(β= -0.17, p < 0.05)和残障接受度(β=0.18, p < 0.05)分别与工作满意度显著相关。在最后的模型中，残疾接受度调节了残疾耻辱感与工作满意度之间的关系(β= -0.16, p < 0.05)。具体而言，残障污名对工作满意度的影响在残障接受度高的被试与接受度低的被试之间存在差异。结论:目前的研究表明，残疾接受在残疾人应对残疾污名的负面影响中起着关键作用。本研究结果提示残障接受应成为提高工作满意度的重要干预重点。
{"title":"Disability acceptance as a moderator of the impacts of disability stigma on job satisfaction of people with disabilities in the workplace","authors":"Jaeyoung Kim","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221213","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Disability stigma is a significant risk factor that reduces job satisfaction. Based on the previous studies, the role of disability acceptance as a buffer to prevent the negative impact of stigma in the workplace is hypothesized. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the moderating effect of disability acceptance on the negative effects of disability stigma on job satisfaction of people with disabilities. METHODS: 164 participants working at the time of the survey completed questionnaires measuring disability stigma, disability acceptance, and job satisfaction. The associations among the three variables were examined using simple linear regression analyses. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the moderating effect of disability acceptance after controlling disability type. RESULTS: Disability stigma (β=–0.17, p < 0.05) and disability acceptance (β=0.18, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with job satisfaction respectively. In the final model, disability acceptance moderated the relationship between disability stigma and job satisfaction (β=–0.16, p < 0.05). Specifically, the impacts of disability stigma on job satisfaction for participants with higher disability acceptance differed from those with lower acceptance. CONCLUSION: The current research suggests that disability acceptance plays a critical role for people with disabilities to cope with the negative impact of disability stigma. This result implies that disability acceptance should be an important focus of intervention to increase job satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90532171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Strauser, Chelsea E. Brehmer, P. Rumrill, D. Strauser, B. Phillips, J. Kosciulek, Sa Shen
BACKGROUND: Individuals with disabilities experience disruptions in life participation at the onset or exacerbation of a disability. The multiple dimensions of functioning impacted go beyond the symptoms of a disabling condition and assessing an individual’s level of functioning is a critical first step of a strengths-based rehabilitation approach. With functioning playing an important role in the vocational rehabilitation process, it would be important to have an assessment tool that can be used to measure an individual’s level of functioning. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Illinois Brief Functioning Inventory (IBFI), a scale developed to measure the multi-dimensional nature of functioning as it relates to vocational rehabilitation, career development, and employment of people with disabilities. METHODS: Factor analysis, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), was used to determine and validate the underlying dimension of IBFI. RESULTS: Overall, the study findings indicate strong psychometrics for a 26-item instrument comprised of five meaningful subscales identifying functioning across physical, cognitive, and emotional dimensions. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide initial psychometric support regarding the IBFI as an instrument that can be used to identify an individual’s current level of functioning.
{"title":"Development and validation of the Illinois brief functioning inventory","authors":"D. Strauser, Chelsea E. Brehmer, P. Rumrill, D. Strauser, B. Phillips, J. Kosciulek, Sa Shen","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221215","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Individuals with disabilities experience disruptions in life participation at the onset or exacerbation of a disability. The multiple dimensions of functioning impacted go beyond the symptoms of a disabling condition and assessing an individual’s level of functioning is a critical first step of a strengths-based rehabilitation approach. With functioning playing an important role in the vocational rehabilitation process, it would be important to have an assessment tool that can be used to measure an individual’s level of functioning. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Illinois Brief Functioning Inventory (IBFI), a scale developed to measure the multi-dimensional nature of functioning as it relates to vocational rehabilitation, career development, and employment of people with disabilities. METHODS: Factor analysis, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), was used to determine and validate the underlying dimension of IBFI. RESULTS: Overall, the study findings indicate strong psychometrics for a 26-item instrument comprised of five meaningful subscales identifying functioning across physical, cognitive, and emotional dimensions. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide initial psychometric support regarding the IBFI as an instrument that can be used to identify an individual’s current level of functioning.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88302697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: The Australian Government has applied considerable focus to improving the unemployment rate of people with disability through initiatives to build their capacity and job readiness. Far less attention has been paid to addressing the needs of business, especially small- to medium-sized enterprises (SME). OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the Diversity Field Officer Service (DFOS) pilot, which aimed to address that gap through providing direct support to SME to build disability confidence and more inclusive organizations. METHODS: We used a mixed method approach (pre- and post-service surveys along with post-service semi-structured interviews) with representatives from 36 businesses. We used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to summarise the survey data and interview material, respectively. RESULTS: Confidence in employing people with disability increased, as did the employment of, and intention to employ, people with disability. Many businesses were implementing, or planning to implement, measures to increase the employment of people with disability. DFOS capacity building exercises and activities (e.g., one-to-one conversations to understand the specific needs and challenges of their businesses) were all rated highly. Participants were generally supportive of an ongoing role for DFOS. CONCLUSION: The DFOS holds promise as a strategy to increase the employment of people with disability in SME.
{"title":"Diversity field officer service: An evaluation of an employer engagement strategy trialled in Geelong, Australia","authors":"K. Murfitt, C. Gaskin","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221212","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The Australian Government has applied considerable focus to improving the unemployment rate of people with disability through initiatives to build their capacity and job readiness. Far less attention has been paid to addressing the needs of business, especially small- to medium-sized enterprises (SME). OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the Diversity Field Officer Service (DFOS) pilot, which aimed to address that gap through providing direct support to SME to build disability confidence and more inclusive organizations. METHODS: We used a mixed method approach (pre- and post-service surveys along with post-service semi-structured interviews) with representatives from 36 businesses. We used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to summarise the survey data and interview material, respectively. RESULTS: Confidence in employing people with disability increased, as did the employment of, and intention to employ, people with disability. Many businesses were implementing, or planning to implement, measures to increase the employment of people with disability. DFOS capacity building exercises and activities (e.g., one-to-one conversations to understand the specific needs and challenges of their businesses) were all rated highly. Participants were generally supportive of an ongoing role for DFOS. CONCLUSION: The DFOS holds promise as a strategy to increase the employment of people with disability in SME.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88605670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberta Thimbriel, B. Urkmez, Beatrice Lee, Emre Umucu
BACKGROUND: People experience higher levels of psychological distress during times of crisis, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Resilience is a psychological resource that helps people to recover from adverse events. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of resilience on COVID-19-related stress and worry about job loss in people with chronic conditions and disabilities (PwCID). METHODS: The Perceived Stress Questionnaire -8 (PSQ-8) and the Brief Resilience Scale were used to measure COVID-19-related stress and resilience, respectively. Demographics were also assessed. A two-step hierarchical regression and binary regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: A moderate amount of perceived stress and resilience with mean scores of 2.45 (SD = 0.69; range 1-4) and 3.17 (SD = 0.98; range 1-5), respectively, were found among the 269 participants. Resilience (β=-0.44, p < 0.001) was significantly associated withCOVID-19-related stress after controlling for demographic variables. Results also revealed that those with higher resilience scores had lower probability to worry about job loss. CONCLUSION: PwCID who have higher scores on resilience reported lower levels of COVID-19-related stress. Resilience can be cultivated among PwCID for better psychological outcomes during times of crisis. Vocational rehabilitation counselors can implement strategies to improve resilience in PwCID.
{"title":"COVID-19 stress, resilience, and job loss concerns in people with chronic conditions and disabilities","authors":"Roberta Thimbriel, B. Urkmez, Beatrice Lee, Emre Umucu","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221211","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: People experience higher levels of psychological distress during times of crisis, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Resilience is a psychological resource that helps people to recover from adverse events. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of resilience on COVID-19-related stress and worry about job loss in people with chronic conditions and disabilities (PwCID). METHODS: The Perceived Stress Questionnaire -8 (PSQ-8) and the Brief Resilience Scale were used to measure COVID-19-related stress and resilience, respectively. Demographics were also assessed. A two-step hierarchical regression and binary regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: A moderate amount of perceived stress and resilience with mean scores of 2.45 (SD = 0.69; range 1-4) and 3.17 (SD = 0.98; range 1-5), respectively, were found among the 269 participants. Resilience (β=-0.44, p < 0.001) was significantly associated withCOVID-19-related stress after controlling for demographic variables. Results also revealed that those with higher resilience scores had lower probability to worry about job loss. CONCLUSION: PwCID who have higher scores on resilience reported lower levels of COVID-19-related stress. Resilience can be cultivated among PwCID for better psychological outcomes during times of crisis. Vocational rehabilitation counselors can implement strategies to improve resilience in PwCID.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75431490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samantha J. Herrick, Weili Lu, Janice Oursler, John Beninato, Sharon Gbadamosi, Alison Durante, Elizabeth Meyers
BACKGROUND: Direct Skills Teaching (DST) is a method for distilling a skill into digestible components for ease of teaching and learning of a new skill. Job retention is a complex phenomenon requiring numerous social competencies that include verbal and non-verbal fluency among others. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often struggle with social communication and therefore are at a disadvantage in employment settings; even when otherwise qualified for the position. OBJECTIVE: This preliminary pilot study tested the feasibility of a DST group intervention to assist individuals with ASD with work-related soft skills, with a particular focus on informal conversational skills. METHODS: Eight master’s level Rehabilitation Counseling students facilitated groups of adults with autism spectrum disorder seeking employment. Student facilitators followed the Conversing with Others manualized curriculum, designed to teach workplace based informal conversational soft skills. Participant feedback was sought both pre and post intervention, and student facilitators recorded their observations of each group session. RESULTS: The initial findings support the feasibility of soft-skills training for work-related conversational skills teaching for job seekers with ASD. The results also supported the need for significant adjustments to the intervention as well as any future studies of the small group intervention Conversing with Others. CONCLUSIONS: Workplace conversational skills can be facilitated in a small group setting. Master’s level counselors-in-training, were able to follow a manualized DST soft-skills small group.
{"title":"Soft skills for success for job seekers with autism spectrum disorder","authors":"Samantha J. Herrick, Weili Lu, Janice Oursler, John Beninato, Sharon Gbadamosi, Alison Durante, Elizabeth Meyers","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221203","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Direct Skills Teaching (DST) is a method for distilling a skill into digestible components for ease of teaching and learning of a new skill. Job retention is a complex phenomenon requiring numerous social competencies that include verbal and non-verbal fluency among others. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often struggle with social communication and therefore are at a disadvantage in employment settings; even when otherwise qualified for the position. OBJECTIVE: This preliminary pilot study tested the feasibility of a DST group intervention to assist individuals with ASD with work-related soft skills, with a particular focus on informal conversational skills. METHODS: Eight master’s level Rehabilitation Counseling students facilitated groups of adults with autism spectrum disorder seeking employment. Student facilitators followed the Conversing with Others manualized curriculum, designed to teach workplace based informal conversational soft skills. Participant feedback was sought both pre and post intervention, and student facilitators recorded their observations of each group session. RESULTS: The initial findings support the feasibility of soft-skills training for work-related conversational skills teaching for job seekers with ASD. The results also supported the need for significant adjustments to the intervention as well as any future studies of the small group intervention Conversing with Others. CONCLUSIONS: Workplace conversational skills can be facilitated in a small group setting. Master’s level counselors-in-training, were able to follow a manualized DST soft-skills small group.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80139520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco de Borja Jordán de Urríes Vega, Beatriz Sánchez Herráez, Miguel Ángel Verdugo Alonso
BACKGROUND: People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience work ability decline through aging and disability (WADAD), conceptualized as the process of deterioration in work ability resulting from the interaction between disability and aging, which has a direct impact on their job. OBJECTIVE: There is a need to focus on how this decline can be detected and to identify the main areas and indicators of WADAD in people with IDD, in order to build a targeted prototype assessment tool to determine a prevention protocol that extends people’s positive working lives for as long as possible. METHODS: We employed a literature review, Delphi panel, and working group through Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (MOODLE). RESULTS: We created a tool, composed of 76 items, 6 dimensions, and 17 indicators, to assess WADAD in people with IDD. CONCLUSIONS: The indicators identified can be used to develop prevention and/or intervention protocols for WADAD and to produce guidance for the transition toward retirement, specifically for people with IDD. This tool helps extend the satisfying working lives— with support— of people with IDD, promoting social inclusion and participation as workers and not as pensioners.
背景:智力与发育障碍(IDD)患者通过衰老和残疾(WADAD)经历工作能力下降(work ability decline through aging and disability，简称WADAD)，是残疾与衰老相互作用导致工作能力下降的过程，并直接影响其工作。目的:有必要关注如何检测这种下降，并确定IDD患者WADAD的主要领域和指标，以便建立有针对性的原型评估工具，以确定预防方案，尽可能长时间地延长人们的积极工作寿命。方法:采用文献回顾法、德尔菲小组法和工作组法，通过模块化面向对象动态学习环境(MOODLE)进行研究。结果:我们创建了一个由76个项目、6个维度和17个指标组成的工具来评估IDD患者的WADAD。结论:确定的指标可用于制定WADAD的预防和/或干预方案，并为退休过渡提供指导，特别是针对IDD患者。这一工具有助于在支持下延长IDD患者令人满意的工作生活，促进作为工人而不是作为退休人员的社会包容和参与。
{"title":"Assessment of work ability decline in workers with intellectual and developmental disabilities","authors":"Francisco de Borja Jordán de Urríes Vega, Beatriz Sánchez Herráez, Miguel Ángel Verdugo Alonso","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221209","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience work ability decline through aging and disability (WADAD), conceptualized as the process of deterioration in work ability resulting from the interaction between disability and aging, which has a direct impact on their job. OBJECTIVE: There is a need to focus on how this decline can be detected and to identify the main areas and indicators of WADAD in people with IDD, in order to build a targeted prototype assessment tool to determine a prevention protocol that extends people’s positive working lives for as long as possible. METHODS: We employed a literature review, Delphi panel, and working group through Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (MOODLE). RESULTS: We created a tool, composed of 76 items, 6 dimensions, and 17 indicators, to assess WADAD in people with IDD. CONCLUSIONS: The indicators identified can be used to develop prevention and/or intervention protocols for WADAD and to produce guidance for the transition toward retirement, specifically for people with IDD. This tool helps extend the satisfying working lives— with support— of people with IDD, promoting social inclusion and participation as workers and not as pensioners.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78903497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weili Lu, Janice Oursler, Samantha J. Herrick, N. Gao, John Beninato, Tameika D. Minor, S. Franco, Gabriela Santiago, Tatiana Mihana, Emmaleigh Hauck
BACKGROUND: People with neurodevelopmental disorders often face significant challenges to finding and keeping employment including engaging in a job interview. Successfully navigating a job interview is a complex and essential stage to finding employment and requires skillful behaviors. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to determine the feasibility of the Presenting Qualifications intervention for people with neurodevelopmental disorders. METHODS: Direct skills teaching (DST) is a researched method that can be utilized to help people learn a new skill. The current study implemented a multi-session, group based work-related soft skills intervention (“Presenting Qualifications”) for 76 people with various neurodevelopmental disorders via a DST approach. RESULTS: Participants reported increased perceived interview preparedness from pre to post intervention. Participants also reported satisfaction with the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: This suggests soft skills interventions delivered in group settings can be successfully implemented among people with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed.
{"title":"Interview skills training for people with neurodevelopmental disorders receiving vocational services: A pilot study","authors":"Weili Lu, Janice Oursler, Samantha J. Herrick, N. Gao, John Beninato, Tameika D. Minor, S. Franco, Gabriela Santiago, Tatiana Mihana, Emmaleigh Hauck","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221210","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: People with neurodevelopmental disorders often face significant challenges to finding and keeping employment including engaging in a job interview. Successfully navigating a job interview is a complex and essential stage to finding employment and requires skillful behaviors. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to determine the feasibility of the Presenting Qualifications intervention for people with neurodevelopmental disorders. METHODS: Direct skills teaching (DST) is a researched method that can be utilized to help people learn a new skill. The current study implemented a multi-session, group based work-related soft skills intervention (“Presenting Qualifications”) for 76 people with various neurodevelopmental disorders via a DST approach. RESULTS: Participants reported increased perceived interview preparedness from pre to post intervention. Participants also reported satisfaction with the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: This suggests soft skills interventions delivered in group settings can be successfully implemented among people with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89449439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: People with blindness and low vision (BLV) encounter many obstacles in retaining employment. Recent legislation has refocused vocational rehabilitation (VR) efforts toward job retention and career advancement among persons with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the skills, including technology, and other issues that influenced job retention among persons with BLV to gain in-depth knowledge that is not typically available using survey methods or secondary data sources. METHODS: Intensive interviews using a semi-structured protocol were conducted with 11 persons with BLV and an employment history. Interviews were transcribed, summarized by major themes, and approved by participants. A qualitative software program assisted in further coding, identifying additional themes, and organizing participants’ information. RESULTS: Participants recommended that others with BLV be proficient in assistive technology use, develop networks, and be persistent in achieving goals. Participants had positive and challenging experiences with technology, employers, and the VR service delivery system. Participants reported stress associated with their jobs and concern about their workplace efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that job retention continues to be problematic for persons with BLV. Service delivery systems should explore policies and services that support job retention. Further research concerning job stress, assistive technology, and workplace efficiency is needed.
{"title":"Job retention: Perspectives of individuals with blindness and low vision","authors":"A. Crudden, Anne Steverson","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221204","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: People with blindness and low vision (BLV) encounter many obstacles in retaining employment. Recent legislation has refocused vocational rehabilitation (VR) efforts toward job retention and career advancement among persons with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the skills, including technology, and other issues that influenced job retention among persons with BLV to gain in-depth knowledge that is not typically available using survey methods or secondary data sources. METHODS: Intensive interviews using a semi-structured protocol were conducted with 11 persons with BLV and an employment history. Interviews were transcribed, summarized by major themes, and approved by participants. A qualitative software program assisted in further coding, identifying additional themes, and organizing participants’ information. RESULTS: Participants recommended that others with BLV be proficient in assistive technology use, develop networks, and be persistent in achieving goals. Participants had positive and challenging experiences with technology, employers, and the VR service delivery system. Participants reported stress associated with their jobs and concern about their workplace efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that job retention continues to be problematic for persons with BLV. Service delivery systems should explore policies and services that support job retention. Further research concerning job stress, assistive technology, and workplace efficiency is needed.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90793376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Nadia Hasbollah, Abdul Kadir Abu Bakar, Norley Shuib, Ahmad Taufik Jamil, S. Razali, Suhaila Md Som
BACKGROUND: Employment is crucial in rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia. It may have positive effects on cognitive function, including working memory. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to look for evidence to confirm continuous job activities could maintain functional working memory in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving patients with schizophrenia enrolled in supported employment (SE) program. Informed consent was obtained. Socio-demographic, employment, and clinical data were acquired from interview and clinical notes. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory (M.I.N.I) was used to confirm the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Working memory was evaluated using Weschler Memory Scale Third Edition -Letter-Number Span and Spatial Span. RESULTS: 118 patients were recruited with a mean age of 43.76 years old (SD = 8.96). Most were male, Malays, Muslims, single, and received at least secondary education. There was a significant association between working memory and employment outcome (χ 2 = 20.835, p < .001), and past work history (χ 2 = 10.077, p = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression indicated that the employment outcome (adjusted OR: 12.50; 95% CI: 2.55–61.21; p = 0.002) and past work history (adjusted OR: 3.36; 95% CI: 1.05–10.70; p = 0.041) were significant predictors of working memory among patients with schizophrenia in SE program. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that continuous job activities could maintain functional working memory in patients with schizophrenia.
{"title":"Maintaining functional working memory through job activities: A study among patients with schizophrenia enrolled in a supported employment program","authors":"Nurul Nadia Hasbollah, Abdul Kadir Abu Bakar, Norley Shuib, Ahmad Taufik Jamil, S. Razali, Suhaila Md Som","doi":"10.3233/jvr-221205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-221205","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Employment is crucial in rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia. It may have positive effects on cognitive function, including working memory. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to look for evidence to confirm continuous job activities could maintain functional working memory in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving patients with schizophrenia enrolled in supported employment (SE) program. Informed consent was obtained. Socio-demographic, employment, and clinical data were acquired from interview and clinical notes. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory (M.I.N.I) was used to confirm the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Working memory was evaluated using Weschler Memory Scale Third Edition -Letter-Number Span and Spatial Span. RESULTS: 118 patients were recruited with a mean age of 43.76 years old (SD = 8.96). Most were male, Malays, Muslims, single, and received at least secondary education. There was a significant association between working memory and employment outcome (χ 2 = 20.835, p < .001), and past work history (χ 2 = 10.077, p = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression indicated that the employment outcome (adjusted OR: 12.50; 95% CI: 2.55–61.21; p = 0.002) and past work history (adjusted OR: 3.36; 95% CI: 1.05–10.70; p = 0.041) were significant predictors of working memory among patients with schizophrenia in SE program. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that continuous job activities could maintain functional working memory in patients with schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88830870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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