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Implications of 1.5 K climate warming on warm-season ozone exposure and atmospheric oxidation capacity in China 1.5 K 气候变暖对中国暖季臭氧暴露和大气氧化能力的影响
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100556
Zhihao Shi , Lin Huang , Xiaodong Xie , Momei Qin , Jingyi Li , Bingye Xu , Lingling Jin , Jianlin Hu
Surface ozone (O3) poses significant threats to public health, agricultural crops, and plants in natural ecosystems. Global warming is likely to increase future O3 mainly by altering atmospheric photochemical reactions and enhancing biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions. To assess the impacts of the future 1.5 K climate target on O3 concentrations and ecological O3 exposure in China, numerical simulations were conducted using the CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality) model during April–October 2018. Ecological O3 exposure was estimated using six indices (i.e., M7, M24, N100, SUM60, W126, and AOT40f). The results show that the temperature rise increases the MDA8 O3 (maximum daily eight-hour average O3) concentrations by ∼3 ppb and the number of O3 exceedance days by 10–20 days in the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and Sichuan Basin (SCB) regions. All O3 exposure indices show substantial increases. M24 and M7 in eastern and southern China will rise by 1–3 ppb and 2–4 ppb, respectively. N100 increases by more than 120 h in the surrounding regions of Beijing. SUM60 increases by greater than 9 ppm h−1, W126 increases by greater than 15 ppm h−1 in Shaanxi and SCB, and AOT40f increases by 6 ppm h−1 in NCP and SCB. The temperature increase also promotes atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) levels, with the higher AOC contributed by OH radicals in southern China but by NO3 radicals in northern China. The change in the reaction rate caused by the temperature increase has a greater influence on O3 exposure and AOC than the change in BVOC emissions.
摘要
地表臭氧(O₃)对公众健康, 农作物以及自然生态系统构成重大威胁. 全球变暖会增强大气光化学反应以及增加生物源挥发性有机化合物(BVOC)排放, 从而导致 O₃浓度增加. 为了评估未来 1.5 K 气候目标对中国 O₃浓度以及生态 O₃暴露的影响, 在 2018 年 4 月至 10 月期间使用 CMAQ模型进行了数值模拟. 使用六个指标(即 M7, M24, N100, SUM60, W126 和 AOT40f)估算生态 O₃暴露. 结果表明, 在华北平原,长江三角洲和四川盆地地区, 温度升高使每日最大8 小时平均 O₃浓度增加约 3 ppb, O₃超标天数增加 10–20 天. 所有 O₃暴露指标均显著增加. 中国东部和南部的 M24 和 M7 将分别增加 1–3 ppb 和 2–4 ppb. 北京周边地区的 N100 增加超过 120 小时. 陕西和四川盆地的 SUM60 增加超过 9 ppm h⁻¹, W126 增加超过 15 ppm h⁻¹, 华北平原和四川盆地的 AOT40f 增加 6 ppm h⁻¹. 温度升高还提升了大气氧化能力(AOC)水平, 在中国南部较高的 AOC 由羟基自由基贡献, 而在中国北部则由硝基自由基贡献. 由温度升高引起的反应速率变化对 O₃暴露和 AOC 的影响比 BVOC 排放增加带来的贡献更大.
地表臭氧(O3)对公众健康、农作物和自然生态系统中的植物构成重大威胁。全球变暖可能主要通过改变大气光化学反应和增加生物挥发性有机化合物(BVOC)排放来增加未来的臭氧浓度。为评估未来 1.5 K 气候目标对中国臭氧浓度和生态臭氧暴露的影响,2018 年 4 月至 10 月期间,利用 CMAQ(社区多尺度空气质量)模式进行了数值模拟。使用六个指数(即 M7、M24、N100、SUM60、W126 和 AOT40f)估算了生态 O3 暴露。结果表明,气温升高会使华北平原、长江三角洲和四川盆地的 MDA8 O3(最大日均 8 小时 O3)浓度增加 3 ppb,O3 超标天数增加 10-20 天。所有臭氧暴露指数都出现了大幅上升。华东和华南地区的 M24 和 M7 将分别上升 1-3 ppb 和 2-4 ppb。北京周边地区的 N100 将增加 120 小时以上。SUM60 增加超过 9 ppm h-1,W126 在陕西和南充增加超过 15 ppm h-1,AOT40f 在南京和南充增加 6 ppm h-1。温度的升高也促进了大气氧化能力(AOC)水平的提高,华南地区较高的大气氧化能力是由 OH 自由基造成的,而华北地区较高的大气氧化能力则是由 NO3 自由基造成的。与 BVOC 排放量的变化相比,气温升高引起的反应速率变化对 O3 暴露和 AOC 的影响更大.摘要地表臭氧(O₃)对公众健康、农作物以及自然生态系统构成重大威胁。全球变暖会增强大气光化学反应以及增加生物源挥发性有机化合物(BVOC)排放, 从而导致 o₃浓度增加。为了评估未来 1.5 k 气候目标对中国 o₃浓度以及生态 o₃暴露的影响, 在 2018 年 4 月至 10 月期间使用 cmaq 模型进行了数值模拟。使用六个指标(即 M7、M24、N100、SUM60、W126 和 AOT40f)估算生态 O₃暴露。结果表明,在华北平原, 长江三角洲和四川盆地地区, 温度升高使每日最大 8 小时平均 O₃浓度增加约 3 ppb, O₃超标天数增加 10-20 天。所有 O₃暴露指标均显著增加。中国东部和南部的 M24 和 M7 将分别增加 1-3 ppb 和 2-4 ppb。北京周边地区的 n100 增加超过 120 小时。陕西和四川盆地的 SUM60 增加超过 9 ppm h-¹,W126 增加超过 15 ppm h-¹,华北平原和四川盆地的 AOT40f 增加 6 ppm h-¹。温度升高还提升了大气氧化能力(AOC)水平, 在中国南部较高的 AOC 由羟基自由基贡献, 而在中国北部则由硝基自由基贡献。由温度升高引起的反应速率变化对 o₃暴露和 aoc 的影响比 bvoc 排放增加带来的贡献更大。
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引用次数: 0
Significant contributions of the petroleum industry to volatile organic compounds and ozone pollution: Insights from year-long observations in the Yellow River Delta 石油工业对挥发性有机化合物和臭氧污染的重大贡献:黄河三角洲长年观测的启示
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100523
Jinghao Tang , Hengqing Shen , Hong Li , Yuanyuan Ji , Xuelian Zhong , Min Zhao , Yuhong Liu , Mingzhi Guo , Fanyi Shang , Likun Xue
The petroleum industry is a significant source of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but up to now, its exact impact on urban VOCs and ozone (O3) remains unclear. This study conducted year-long VOC observations in Dongying, China, a petroleum industrial region. The VOCs from the petroleum industry (oil and gas volatilization and petrochemical production) were identified by employing the positive matrix factorization model, and their contribution to O3 formation was quantitatively evaluated using an observation-based chemical box model. The observed annual average concentration of VOCs was 68.6 ± 63.5 ppbv, with a maximum daily average of 335.3 ppbv. The petroleum industry accounted for 66.5% of total VOCs, contributing 54.9% from oil and gas evaporation and 11.6% from petrochemical production. Model results indicated that VOCs from the petroleum industry contributed to 31% of net O3 production, with 21.3% and 34.2% contributions to HO2+NO and RO2+NO pathways, respectively. The larger impact on the RO2 pathway is primarily due to the fact that OH+VOCs account for 86.9% of the primary source of RO2. This study highlights the critical role of controlling VOCs from the petroleum industry in urban O3 pollution, especially those from previously overlooked low-reactivity alkanes.
摘要
通过在黄河三角洲典型城市东营市一年的挥发性有机物 (VOCs) 观测, 使用正交矩阵因子分解模型和化学盒子模型定量了石油工业对VOCs和臭氧污染的贡献. 研究发现石油工业VOCs对总VOCs的贡献达66.5%, 其中油气挥发贡献54.9%, 石油化工生产贡献11.6%. 石油工业VOCs对O3净生成速率的贡献达31%. 这些结果揭示了石油工业在VOCs和臭氧污染等方面对城市空气质量的重要影响.
石油工业是人为挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的重要来源,但迄今为止,其对城市 VOCs 和臭氧(O3)的确切影响仍不清楚。本研究在中国东营这个石油工业地区进行了长达一年的挥发性有机化合物观测。采用正矩阵因式分解模型识别了石油工业(油气挥发和石油化工生产)产生的挥发性有机化合物,并利用基于观测的化学箱模型定量评估了它们对 O3 形成的贡献。观测到的挥发性有机化合物年平均浓度为 68.6 ± 63.5 ppbv,最大日平均浓度为 335.3 ppbv。石油工业产生的挥发性有机化合物占总挥发性有机化合物的 66.5%,其中 54.9% 来自油气蒸发,11.6% 来自石化生产。模型结果表明,石油工业产生的挥发性有机化合物占净臭氧产生量的 31%,对 HO2+NO 和 RO2+NO 途径的影响分别为 21.3% 和 34.2%。对 RO2 途径产生较大影响的主要原因是,OH+VOC 占 RO2 主要来源的 86.9%。这项研究强调了控制石油工业产生的挥发性有机化合物在城市臭氧污染中的关键作用,尤其是那些以前被忽视的低活性烷烃。摘要通过在黄河三角洲典型城市东营市一年的挥发性有机物 (VOCs) 观测,使用正交矩阵因子分解模型和化学盒子模型定量了石油工业对 VOCs 和臭氧污染的贡献。研究发现石油工业 VOCs 对总 VOCs 的贡献达 66.5%,其中油气挥发贡献 54.9%, 石油化工生产贡献 11.6%。石油工业VOCs对O3净生成速率的贡献达31%。这些结果揭示了石油工业在VOCs和臭氧污染等方面对城市空气质量的重要影响。
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引用次数: 0
A portable instrument for measurement of atmospheric Ox and NO2 based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy 基于空腔环降光谱的大气 OX 和 NO2 便携式测量仪器
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100493
Jinzhao Tong , Renzhi Hu , Changjin Hu , Haotian Cai , Chuan Lin , Jiawei Wang , Liang Chen , Pinhua Xie
Atmospheric Ox (nitrogen dioxide (NO2) + ozone (O3)) can better reflect the local and regional change characteristics of oxidants compared to O3 alone, so obtaining Ox accurately and rapidly is the basis for evaluating the O3 production rate. Furthermore, Ox has proved to be a more representative indicator and can serve as a reflection of pollution prevention efficacy. A portable instrument for measuring atmospheric Ox and NO2 based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy (Ox/NO2-CRDS) was developed in this work. The NO2 concentration is accurately measured according to its absorption characteristic at 407.86 nm. Ambient O3 is converted into NO2 by chemical titration of high concentrations of nitrogen oxide (NO), and the O3 conversion efficiencies obtained are nearly 99%. The detection limit of the Ox/NO2-CRDS system for Ox is 0.024 ppbv (0.1 s), and the overall uncertainty of the instrument is ± 6%. Moreover, the Kalman filtering technique was applied to improve the measurement accuracy of Ox/NO2-CRDS. The system was applied in a comprehensive field observation campaign at Hefei Science Island from 26 to 30 September 2022, and the time concentration series and change characteristics of Ox and NO2 were obtained for five days. The measured Ox concentrations were compared with those of two commercial instruments, and the consistency was good (R2 = 0.98), indicating that this system can be deployed to accurately and rapidly obtain the concentrations of atmospheric Ox and NO2. It will be a useful tool for assessing the atmospheric oxidation capacity and controlling O3 pollution.
摘要
大气Ox (二氧化氮(NO2)+臭氧(O3))相比于O3能够更好的反应区域氧化剂的变化特征, Ox也是反应大气污染防治效果的一个关键指标. 本研究基于腔衰荡光谱技术研发了一套大气Ox和NO2同步测量系统 (Ox/NO2-CRDS). NO2浓度是利用其在407.86 nm处的特征吸收获取, 环境大气的O3通过高浓度的NO被转化为NO2进行间接测量, O3转化效率高于99%, Ox/NO2-CRDS的系统探测限为0.024 ppbv (0.1 s), 系统总不确定度为± 6%. 该Ox/NO2-CRDS系统成功应用于2022年9月26日–30日的合肥市科学岛综合外场观测中, 获取了连续5天的NO2和Ox的时间浓度序列和变化特征, 并将Ox的测量结果与商业化的设备进行了对比验证, 二者具有较好的一致性 (R2 = 0.98), 表明Ox/NO2-CRDS能够被应用于大气Ox和NO2的高灵敏探测. 未来该系统也将会变成评估大气氧化性以及控制臭氧污染的重要工具.
与单独的 O3 相比,大气 Ox(二氧化氮(NO2)+臭氧(O3))能更好地反映氧化剂的局地和区域变化特征,因此准确、快速地获取 Ox 是评价 O3 生成速率的基础。此外,事实证明 Ox 是一个更具代表性的指标,可以作为污染防治效果的反映。本研究开发了一种基于空腔降环光谱(Ox/NO2-CRDS)的便携式大气 Ox 和 NO2 测量仪器。根据二氧化氮在 407.86 纳米波长处的吸收特性,可精确测量二氧化氮的浓度。通过化学滴定高浓度的氧化氮(NO),可将环境中的 O3 转化为 NO2,所获得的 O3 转化效率接近 99%。Ox/NO2-CRDS 系统对 Ox 的检测限为 0.024 ppbv (0.1 s),仪器的总体不确定性为 ± 6%。此外,卡尔曼滤波技术的应用提高了 Ox/NO2-CRDS 的测量精度。该系统于 2022 年 9 月 26 日至 30 日在合肥科学岛进行了一次综合野外观测活动,获得了 Ox 和 NO2 五天的时间浓度序列和变化特征。所测得的 Ox 浓度与两台商业仪器所测得的 Ox 浓度进行了比较,一致性良好(R2 = 0.98),表明该系统可用于准确、快速地获取大气中 Ox 和 NO2 的浓度。摘要大气氧化(二氧化氮(NO2)+臭氧(O3))相比于 O3 能够更好的反应区域氧化剂的变化特征,Ox 也是反应大气污染防治效果的一个关键指标。本研究基于腔衰荡光谱技术研发了一套大气Ox和NO2同步测量系统(Ox/NO2-CRDS)。NO2 浓度是利用其在 407.86 nm 处的特征吸收获取, 环境大气的 O3 通过高浓度的 NO 被转化为 NO2 进行间接测量,O3 转化效率高于 99%,Ox/NO2-CRDS 的系统探测限为 0.024 ppbv (0.1 s),系统总不确定度为± 6%。该 Ox/NO2-CRDS系统成功应用于2022年9月26日-30日的合肥市科学岛综合外场观测中, 获取了连续5天的NO2和Ox的时间浓度序列和变化特征, 并将Ox的测量结果与商业化的设备进行了对比验证, 二者具有较好的一致性 (R2 = 0.98), 表明Ox/NO2-CRDS能够被应用于大气Ox和NO2的高灵敏探测。未来该系统也将会变成评估大气氧化性以及控制臭氧污染的重要工具。
{"title":"A portable instrument for measurement of atmospheric Ox and NO2 based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy","authors":"Jinzhao Tong ,&nbsp;Renzhi Hu ,&nbsp;Changjin Hu ,&nbsp;Haotian Cai ,&nbsp;Chuan Lin ,&nbsp;Jiawei Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Pinhua Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric O<em><sub>x</sub></em> (nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) + ozone (O<sub>3</sub>)) can better reflect the local and regional change characteristics of oxidants compared to O<sub>3</sub> alone, so obtaining O<em><sub>x</sub></em> accurately and rapidly is the basis for evaluating the O<sub>3</sub> production rate. Furthermore, O<sub><em>x</em></sub> has proved to be a more representative indicator and can serve as a reflection of pollution prevention efficacy. A portable instrument for measuring atmospheric O<em><sub>x</sub></em> and NO<sub>2</sub> based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy (O<em><sub>x</sub></em>/NO<sub>2</sub>-CRDS) was developed in this work. The NO<sub>2</sub> concentration is accurately measured according to its absorption characteristic at 407.86 nm. Ambient O<sub>3</sub> is converted into NO<sub>2</sub> by chemical titration of high concentrations of nitrogen oxide (NO), and the O<sub>3</sub> conversion efficiencies obtained are nearly 99%. The detection limit of the O<em><sub>x</sub></em>/NO<sub>2</sub>-CRDS system for O<em><sub>x</sub></em> is 0.024 ppbv (0.1 s), and the overall uncertainty of the instrument is ± 6%. Moreover, the Kalman filtering technique was applied to improve the measurement accuracy of O<em><sub>x</sub></em>/NO<sub>2</sub>-CRDS. The system was applied in a comprehensive field observation campaign at Hefei Science Island from 26 to 30 September 2022, and the time concentration series and change characteristics of O<em><sub>x</sub></em> and NO<sub>2</sub> were obtained for five days. The measured O<em><sub>x</sub></em> concentrations were compared with those of two commercial instruments, and the consistency was good (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.98), indicating that this system can be deployed to accurately and rapidly obtain the concentrations of atmospheric O<em><sub>x</sub></em> and NO<sub>2</sub>. It will be a useful tool for assessing the atmospheric oxidation capacity and controlling O<sub>3</sub> pollution.</div><div>摘要</div><div>大气O<em><sub>x</sub></em> (二氧化氮(NO<sub>2</sub>)+臭氧(O<sub>3</sub>))相比于O<sub>3</sub>能够更好的反应区域氧化剂的变化特征, O<em><sub>x</sub></em>也是反应大气污染防治效果的一个关键指标. 本研究基于腔衰荡光谱技术研发了一套大气O<em><sub>x</sub></em>和NO<sub>2</sub>同步测量系统 (O<em><sub>x</sub></em>/NO<sub>2</sub>-CRDS). NO<sub>2</sub>浓度是利用其在407.86 nm处的特征吸收获取, 环境大气的O<sub>3</sub>通过高浓度的NO被转化为NO<sub>2</sub>进行间接测量, O<sub>3</sub>转化效率高于99%, O<em><sub>x</sub></em>/NO<sub>2</sub>-CRDS的系统探测限为0.024 ppbv (0.1 s), 系统总不确定度为± 6%. 该O<em><sub>x</sub></em>/NO<sub>2</sub>-CRDS系统成功应用于2022年9月26日–30日的合肥市科学岛综合外场观测中, 获取了连续5天的NO<sub>2</sub>和O<em><sub>x</sub></em>的时间浓度序列和变化特征, 并将O<em><sub>x</sub></em>的测量结果与商业化的设备进行了对比验证, 二者具有较好的一致性 (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.98), 表明O<em><sub>x</sub></em>/NO<sub>2</sub>-CRDS能够被应用于大气O<em><sub>x</sub></em>和NO<sub>2</sub>的高灵敏探测. 未来该系统也将会变成评估大气氧化性以及控制臭氧污染的重要工具.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":"Article 100493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140407470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trends of surface ozone based on hourly concentrations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region during 2017–2021 2017-2021 年京津冀地区基于小时浓度的地表臭氧变化趋势
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100514
Xiaoyan Wang, Huihui Zheng, Bing Liu, Shuyan Xie, Yonghai Huang, Shuai Wang
As a typical secondary air pollutant, surface ozone has been monitored routinely since 2013 in China. Most studies on the spatiotemporal variation of ozone have been centered around the daily maximum 8-h average, with little attention paid to the trends of hourly ozone, especially hourly ozone exceedances. Focusing on hourly ozone exceedances and peak values, the spatiotemporal trends of hourly ozone at 77 sites in 13 cities of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region during 2017–2021 were analyzed in this study. The number of hours with exceedances (NH200) in 2019 was nearly three times that of 2021. On a five-year average, the percentage of cumulative NH200 in June accounted for up to 40.5 % of all hourly exceedances. Cities in central Hebei Province had the highest cumulative annual NH200. June had the highest average hourly ozone exceeded multiples of 0.158. The top two cities with the highest average exceeded multiple were Tangshan (0.166) and Beijing (0.158). Tangshan and Xingtai ranked as the top two in terms of the mean of the 10 highest daily maximum ozone concentrations (MTDM), with 286.74 and 285.37 µg m−3, respectively. The gap between the MTDM and the daily maximum of hourly ozone averaged over all sites had narrowed to 97.88 µg m−3 in 2021, much lower than that in other years, which indicated that the stability and convergence of ozone pollution in BTH region had been enhanced in 2021 to some extent.
摘要
本文以京津冀地区为研究对象, 采用国际常用的评价指标, 在分析2017–2021年臭氧小时浓度变化趋势的基础上, 重点讨论了小时浓度超标情况及其峰值水平. 结果显示, 2019年臭氧小时浓度超标数约为2021年的3倍, 6月份小时浓度超标数占比高达40.5%, 河北中部城市小时浓度超标情况突出; 2017年和2019年臭氧小时浓度超标倍数在高位区间的占比相对最高, 唐山和邢台的小时浓度峰值水平相对较高. 本文可为后续进一步研究局地臭氧污染特征和异常污染事件提供基础参考.
作为典型的二次空气污染物,地表臭氧自 2013 年起在中国开始常规监测。对臭氧时空变化的研究大多围绕臭氧日最大值的 8 小时平均值展开,很少关注臭氧小时值的变化趋势,尤其是臭氧小时超标情况。本研究以臭氧小时超标和峰值为重点,分析了 2017-2021 年京津冀地区 13 个城市 77 个站点的臭氧小时时空变化趋势。2019年的超标小时数(NH200)是2021年的近3倍。从五年平均值来看,6 月份累计 NH200 小时数占所有超标小时数的比例高达 40.5%。河北省中部城市的 NH200 年累计值最高。6 月份臭氧平均小时超标倍数最高,为 0.158。平均超标倍数最高的前两个城市是唐山(0.166)和北京(0.158)。唐山和邢台分别以 286.74 微克/立方米和 285.37 微克/立方米的 10 个最高日臭氧浓度(MTDM)平均值位居前两位。2021 年,所有站点臭氧日最大小时浓度平均值与臭氧日最大小时浓度平均值的差距缩小至 97.88 µg m-3,远低于其他年份,这表明 2021 年京津冀地区臭氧污染的稳定性和趋同性得到了一定程度的增强。摘要本文以京津冀地区为研究对象,采用国际常用的评价指标,在分析 2017-2021 年臭氧小时浓度变化趋势的基础上,重点讨论了小时浓度超标情况及其峰值水平。结果显示,2019年臭氧小时浓度超标数约为2021年的3倍,6月份臭氧小时浓度超标数占比高达40.5%,河北中部城市臭氧小时浓度超标情况突出;2017年和2019年臭氧小时浓度超标倍数在高位区间的占比相对最高,唐山和邢台的臭氧小时浓度峰值水平相对较高。本文可为后续进一步研究局地臭氧污染特征和异常污染事件提供基础参考。
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引用次数: 0
Implications of the extremely hot summer of 2022 on urban ozone control in China 2022 年酷暑对中国城市臭氧控制的影响
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100470
Wenhao Qiao, Ke Li, Zhenjiang Yang, Lei Chen, Hong Liao
Frequent occurrences of extreme heat are causing severe ozone pollution over China. This study examined the driving factors of urban ozone pollution in China during the extremely hot summer of 2022 and the impact of emission control strategies using surface measurements and the GEOS-Chem model. The results show that ozone pollution was extremely severe in summer 2022, with a significant rebound by 12–15 ppbv in the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and Sichuan basin (SCB), compared to 2021. Especially over the NCP, the MDA8 (maximum daily 8-hourly average) ozone exceeded 160 ppbv, and the number of ozone exceedances was over 42 days. Based on an IPR (integrated process rate) analysis, the authors found that the net chemical production was the dominant factor contributing to the strong ozone increase in summer 2022. For example, in June over the NCP, the net chemical production resulted in an increase by 3.08 Gg d−1 (∼270%) in ozone mass change. Sensitivity simulations showed that both NOx (nitrogen oxides) and VOC (volatile organic compound) reductions were important over the NCP, and NOx reductions were more important than VOCs over southern China. To keep the ozone of 2022 at the same level as 2021, a joint reduction of NOx and VOCs by at least 50%–60% would have been required. This study highlights the urgency to develop effective ozone management since extreme heat will become more frequent.
摘要
本文利用地面观测和数值模式研究了2022年夏季极端高温下我国城市臭氧污染的控制策略. 研究表明, 2022年夏季臭氧污染极为严重, 相较于2021年有显著的反弹, 其中华北, 长三角和四川盆地的月均臭氧上升12–15 ppbv. 模式过程分析结果表明净化学生产是高温时造成臭氧浓度升高的主导因素. 模式多组敏感性试验表明, 华北地区需要NOx和VOC协同控制, 南方城市需要侧重对NOx排放管控, 并且需要对NOx和VOC协同减排至少50%–60% 才会使2022年夏季臭氧污染水平与2021年一致. 在极端高温愈发频繁的形势下, 本研究强调未来亟需研究更为有效的臭氧调控策略.
频繁出现的极端高温导致中国上空臭氧污染严重。本研究利用地面测量数据和 GEOS-Chem 模型,研究了 2022 年酷暑期间中国城市臭氧污染的驱动因素以及排放控制策略的影响。结果表明,2022 年夏季臭氧污染极为严重,与 2021 年相比,华北平原、长江三角洲和四川盆地的臭氧污染显著反弹了 12-15 ppbv。特别是在华北平原,MDA8(最大日 8 小时平均值)臭氧超过 160 ppbv,臭氧超标天数超过 42 天。根据 IPR(综合过程率)分析,作者发现净化学生产是导致 2022 年夏季臭氧剧增的主要因素。例如,6 月份在国家臭氧中心上空,净化学生产导致臭氧质量变化增加了 3.08 Gg d-1(∼270%)。敏感性模拟结果表明,氮氧化物(NOx)和挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的减少在国家臭氧方案中都很重要,而在华南地区,氮氧化物的减少比挥发性有机化合物更重要。要将 2022 年的臭氧保持在与 2021 年相同的水平上,需要将氮氧化物和挥发性有机化合物共同减少至少 50%-60%。摘要本文利用地面观测和数值模式研究了 2022 年夏季极端高温下我国城市臭氧污染的控制策略。研究表明,2022 年夏季臭氧污染极为严重,相较于 2021 年有显著的反弹,其中华北、长三角和四川盆地的月均臭氧上升 12-15 ppbv。模式过程分析结果表明净化学生产是高温时造成臭氧浓度升高的主导因素。多组敏感性试验表明, 华北地区需要对 NOx 和 VOC 协同控制, 南方城市需要侧重对 NOx 排放管控, 并且需要对 NOx 和 VOC 协同减排至少 50%-60% 才会使 2022 年夏季臭氧污染水平与 2021 年一致。在极端高温愈发频繁的形势下,本研究强调未来亟需研究更为有效的臭氧调控策略。
{"title":"Implications of the extremely hot summer of 2022 on urban ozone control in China","authors":"Wenhao Qiao,&nbsp;Ke Li,&nbsp;Zhenjiang Yang,&nbsp;Lei Chen,&nbsp;Hong Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequent occurrences of extreme heat are causing severe ozone pollution over China. This study examined the driving factors of urban ozone pollution in China during the extremely hot summer of 2022 and the impact of emission control strategies using surface measurements and the GEOS-Chem model. The results show that ozone pollution was extremely severe in summer 2022, with a significant rebound by 12–15 ppbv in the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and Sichuan basin (SCB), compared to 2021. Especially over the NCP, the MDA8 (maximum daily 8-hourly average) ozone exceeded 160 ppbv, and the number of ozone exceedances was over 42 days. Based on an IPR (integrated process rate) analysis, the authors found that the net chemical production was the dominant factor contributing to the strong ozone increase in summer 2022. For example, in June over the NCP, the net chemical production resulted in an increase by 3.08 Gg d<sup>−1</sup> (∼270%) in ozone mass change. Sensitivity simulations showed that both NO<sub><em>x</em></sub> (nitrogen oxides) and VOC (volatile organic compound) reductions were important over the NCP, and NO<sub><em>x</em></sub> reductions were more important than VOCs over southern China. To keep the ozone of 2022 at the same level as 2021, a joint reduction of NO<sub><em>x</em></sub> and VOCs by at least 50%–60% would have been required. This study highlights the urgency to develop effective ozone management since extreme heat will become more frequent.</div><div>摘要</div><div>本文利用地面观测和数值模式研究了2022年夏季极端高温下我国城市臭氧污染的控制策略. 研究表明, 2022年夏季臭氧污染极为严重, 相较于2021年有显著的反弹, 其中华北, 长三角和四川盆地的月均臭氧上升12–15 ppbv. 模式过程分析结果表明净化学生产是高温时造成臭氧浓度升高的主导因素. 模式多组敏感性试验表明, 华北地区需要NO<em><sub>x</sub></em>和VOC协同控制, 南方城市需要侧重对NO<em><sub>x</sub></em>排放管控, 并且需要对NO<em><sub>x</sub></em>和VOC协同减排至少50%–60% 才会使2022年夏季臭氧污染水平与2021年一致. 在极端高温愈发频繁的形势下, 本研究强调未来亟需研究更为有效的臭氧调控策略.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":"Article 100470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139891779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impacts of global biogenic isoprene emissions on surface ozone during 2000–2019 2000-2019 年间全球生物源异戊二烯排放对地表臭氧的影响
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100490
Yang Cao , Xu Yue
Biogenic isoprene is an important precursor of tropospheric ozone (O3). Here, a coupled chemistry–vegetation model was used to quantify the contributions of isoprene emissions to surface O3 pollution on the global scale during 2000–2019. The biogenic isoprene emissions showed high values in mid–low latitudes and seasonal peaks in the summer hemispheres. They promote global surface O3 concentrations by 1.75 ppbv annually with regional hotspots of 4.39 ppbv (8.8%) in China and 5.36 ppbv (11.1%) in the U.S. in boreal summer. In the past two decades, isoprene emissions increased by 1.32 TgC yr−1 (0.67% yr−1) in the Northern Hemisphere but decreased by 0.71 TgC yr−1 (0.44% yr−1) in the Southern Hemisphere. Such changes of isoprene made opposite contributions to the surface O3 trend, with 0.26 ppbv yr−1 in eastern China but −0.32 ppbv yr−1 in the southeastern U.S. due to the changes in the background regime of chemical reactions. The impact of anthropogenic changes on the O3 trend is consistent with that of biogenic isoprene, but two to four times stronger in magnitude. This study revealed that the effective control of anthropogenic NOx emissions could mitigate regional O3 pollution even with the increased isoprene emissions under global warming.
生物异戊二烯是对流层臭氧(O3)的重要前体物。本文利用化学-植被耦合模型量化了 2000-2019 年间异戊二烯排放对全球地表臭氧污染的贡献。生物源异戊二烯排放量在中低纬度地区呈现高值,并在夏半球出现季节性峰值。它们每年使全球地表臭氧浓度增加 1.75 ppbv,其中中国和美国在北方夏季的区域热点分别为 4.39 ppbv(8.8%)和 5.36 ppbv(11.1%)。在过去二十年中,北半球的异戊二烯排放量增加了 1.32 TgC yr-1(0.67% yr-1),而南半球则减少了 0.71 TgC yr-1(0.44% yr-1)。由于化学反应背景机制的变化,异戊二烯的这种变化对地表 O3 趋势的贡献相反,在中国东部为 0.26 ppbv yr-1,而在美国东南部则为-0.32 ppbv yr-1。人为变化对臭氧趋势的影响与生物源异戊二烯的影响一致,但影响程度要强 2 到 4 倍。这项研究表明,即使在全球变暖的情况下异戊二烯排放量增加,有效控制人为氮氧化物排放也能减轻区域臭氧污染。
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced nitrous acid (HONO) formation via NO2 uptake and its potential contribution to heavy haze formation during wintertime 通过吸收二氧化氮增强亚硝酸(HONO)的形成及其对冬季重度灰霾形成的潜在作用
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100491
Zirui Liu , Rong Yang , Jingyun Liu , Keding Lu , Guiqian Tang , Yuepeng Pan , Dongsheng Ji , Yuesi Wang , Bo Hu
A full understanding of the sources of atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO) in the polluted urban atmosphere remains a challenge. In this study, ambient HONO and relevant species were measured during January 2019 at an urban site in Beijing, China, and a budget analysis of HONO was conducted using a box model combined with field observations. Large nighttime “missing sources” of HONO were identified on heavily polluted days based on traditional sources, which had a significant correlation with the relative humidity, ammonia (NH3), and aerosol surface area, and the promotional effect of NH3 for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) uptake on the wet aerosol surface was discussed. Then, an updated parameterization scheme for quantifying the enhanced heterogeneous reactions of NO2 on aerosol surfaces is proposed, and the missing nighttime sources of HONO could be substantially compensated after the new scheme was incorporated. Further evaluation on the contributions of HONO to hydroxyl radicals was conducted, and the authors found that the photolysis of HONO played a dominant role in the primary OH production on the polluted days (78%–90%). The study reveals great potential of an NH3-enhanced uptake coefficient of NO2 on the aerosol surface in the nocturnal HONO budget, and highlights the significance of HONO in the strong atmospheric oxidation capability during episodes with a heavily polluted atmosphere.
摘要
本文研究了重污染过程中气态亚硝酸 (HONO) 的关键来源并基于化学箱模型对其源汇过程进行了闭合分析. 结果显示, 现有的HONO 源汇机制并不能解释观测期间出现的高HONO事件, 尤其是重污染过程夜间存在大量的HONO "未知源". 本文提出了一套新的HONO 源汇参数化方案, 可以较好的模拟观测期间HONO日间和夜间来源, 并进一步评估了HONO 对羟基自由基 (OH) 的贡献, 发现 HONO 光解主导了重污染天OH生成 (78%–90%). 研究结果揭示了华北城市富氨大气环境促进 NO2在气溶胶表面的摄取和非均相反应进而主导了夜间HONO生成, 凸显了HONO化学对于重污染过程维持大气氧化能力的重要作用.
全面了解受污染城市大气中的大气亚硝酸(HONO)来源仍然是一项挑战。在本研究中,我们于 2019 年 1 月在中国北京的一个城市站点测量了环境中的 HONO 和相关物种,并使用箱式模型结合实地观测结果对 HONO 进行了预算分析。根据传统来源确定了重污染日夜间大量的HONO "缺失源",与相对湿度、氨(NH3)和气溶胶表面积有显著相关性,并讨论了NH3对湿气溶胶表面二氧化氮(NO2)吸收的促进作用。然后,提出了一种用于量化二氧化氮在气溶胶表面增强的异质反应的最新参数化方案,在纳入新方案后,缺失的夜间 HONO 来源可以得到大幅补偿。作者进一步评估了 HONO 对羟基自由基的贡献,发现 HONO 的光解在污染日的一次羟基自由基生成中占主导地位(78%-90%)。该研究揭示了气溶胶表面的 NH3 增强吸收系数在夜间 HONO 预算中的巨大潜力,并强调了 HONO 在大气重污染过程中对大气强氧化能力的重要作用。摘要本文研究了重污染过程中气态亚硝酸 (hono) 的关键来源并基于化学箱模型对其源汇过程进行了闭合分析。结果显示, 现有的 hono 源汇机制并不能解释观测期间出现的高 hono 事件, 尤其是重污染过程夜间存在大量的 hono "未知源"。本文提出了一套新的 hono 源汇参数化方案, 可以较好的模拟观测期间 hono 日间和夜间来源, 并进一步评估了 hono 对羟基自由基 (oh) 的贡献, 发现 hono 光解主导了重污染天oh 生成 (78%-90%)。研究结果揭示了华北城市富氨大气环境促进 no2 在气溶胶表面的摄取和非均相反应进而主导了夜间 hono 生成, 凸显了 hono 化学对于重污染过程维持大气氧化能力的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Coordinated control of PM2.5 and O3: Investigating the physical and chemical processes underlying regional complex air pollution 协调控制 PM2.5 和 O3:研究区域复杂空气污染的物理和化学过程
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100562
Aijun Ding , Meigen Zhang , Likun Xue
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引用次数: 0
Clarifying the relationship between PM2.5 and ozone complex pollution and synoptic patterns in a typical petrochemical city in the Bohai Rim region of China: Implications for air pollution forecasting and control 厘清中国环渤海地区典型石化城市 PM2.5 和臭氧复合污染与同步模式之间的关系:对空气污染预报和控制的启示
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100539
Yongxin Yan , Cong An , Junling Li , Yuanyuan Ji , Rui Gao , Hong Wang , Fanyi Shang , Linlin Ma , Xiaoshuai Gao , Hong Li
Meteorological conditions are vital to PM2.5 and ozone (O3) complex pollution. Herein, the T-mode principal component analysis method was employed to objectively classify the 925-hPa geopotential height field of Dongying from 2017 to 2022. Synoptic patterns associated with four pollution types—namely, PM2.5-only pollution, O3-only pollution, Co-occurring of PM2.5 and O3 pollution, Non-occurring of PM2.5 and O3 pollution—were characterized at different time scales. The results indicated that synoptic classes conducive to PM2.5-only pollution were “high-pressure top front”, “offshore high-pressure rear”, and “high-pressure inside”, while those conducive to O3-only pollution were “offshore high-pressure rear”, “subtropical high”, and “high and low systems”. The Co-occurring of PM2.5 and O3 pollution were influenced by high pressure, and the Non-occurring of PM2.5 and O3 pollution were linked to precipitation and strong northerly winds. The variation in dominant synoptic patterns is crucial in the frequency changes of the four pollution types, which was further validated through the analysis of typical cases. Under the favorable meteorological conditions of high-pressure control with strong northerly winds or a subtropical high and inverted trough both with strong precipitation, there is potential to achieve coordinated control of PM2.5 and O3 in Dongying. Additionally, measures like artificially manipulating local humidity could be adopted to alleviate pollution levels. This study reveals the importance of comprehending the meteorological factors contributing to the formation of PM2.5 and O3 complex pollution for the improvement of urban air quality in the Bohai Rim region of China when emissions are high and the concentration of air pollutants exhibits high meteorological sensitivity.
摘要
本文研究了中国环渤海地区典型石化城市东营市近年来PM2.5与臭氧复合污染的天气形势特征. 结果表明, 有利于促发PM2.5单独污染的环流形势与高压顶前部型, 海上高压后部型, 高压内部型有关; 有利于促发臭氧单独污染的天气型与海上高压后部, 副高和高低值系统有关; PM2.5和臭氧双高污染的发生主要受高压系统的控制; 不利于PM2.5和臭氧污染发生的环流类型则与降水和较强的偏北风有关. 优势天气型的变化是导致四种污染类型发生频率变化的重要因素. 研究结果揭示了当一次排放处于高位, 且空气污染物浓度变化具有高气象敏感性的情况下, 弄清PM2.5和臭氧复合污染的气象成因对于中国环渤海地区城市空气质量持续改善的重要意义.
气象条件对PM2.5和臭氧(O3)复合污染至关重要。本文采用T模式主成分分析方法,对2017年至2022年东营925-hPa位势高度场进行了客观分类。在不同时间尺度上对四种污染类型--纯PM2.5污染、纯O3污染、PM2.5和O3共存污染、PM2.5和O3非共存污染--相关的天气模式进行了表征。结果表明,"高压顶锋"、"近海高压后部 "和 "高压内部 "是有利于PM2.5污染的天气等级,而 "近海高压后部"、"副热带高压 "和 "高低系统 "是有利于PM2.5污染的天气等级。PM2.5和O3污染同时出现受高压影响,PM2.5和O3污染不出现与降水和强偏北风有关。主导合流模式的变化对四种污染类型的频率变化至关重要,这一点通过对典型案例的分析得到了进一步验证。在高压控制伴有强偏北风或副热带高压和倒槽同时伴有强降水的有利气象条件下,东营市有可能实现PM2.5和O3的协同控制。此外,还可以采取人工调节当地湿度等措施来缓解污染程度。本研究揭示了在中国环渤海地区大气污染物排放高、空气污染物浓度表现出高气象敏感性的情况下,理解导致 PM2.5 和 O3 复合污染形成的气象因素对于改善城市空气质量的重要性。摘要本文研究了中国环渤海地区典型石化城市东营市近年来pm2.5与臭氧复合污染的天气形势特征。结果表明, 有利于促发pm2.5单独污染的环流形势与高压顶前部型, 海上高压后部型, 高压内部型有关; 有利于促发臭氧单独污染的天气型与海上高压后部, 副高和高低值系统有关; pm2.5和臭氧双高污染的发生主要受高压系统的控制; 不利于pm2.5和臭氧污染发生的环流类型则与降水和较强的偏北风有关.天气优势型的变化是导致四种污染类型发生频率变化的重要因素。研究结果揭示了当一次排放处于高位, 且空气污染物浓度变化具有高气象敏感性的情况下, 弄清pm2.5和臭氧复合污染的气象成因对于中国环渤海地区城市空气质量持续改善的重要意义。
{"title":"Clarifying the relationship between PM2.5 and ozone complex pollution and synoptic patterns in a typical petrochemical city in the Bohai Rim region of China: Implications for air pollution forecasting and control","authors":"Yongxin Yan ,&nbsp;Cong An ,&nbsp;Junling Li ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Ji ,&nbsp;Rui Gao ,&nbsp;Hong Wang ,&nbsp;Fanyi Shang ,&nbsp;Linlin Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaoshuai Gao ,&nbsp;Hong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meteorological conditions are vital to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) complex pollution. Herein, the T-mode principal component analysis method was employed to objectively classify the 925-hPa geopotential height field of Dongying from 2017 to 2022. Synoptic patterns associated with four pollution types—namely, PM<sub>2.5</sub>-only pollution, O<sub>3</sub>-only pollution, Co-occurring of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> pollution, Non-occurring of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> pollution—were characterized at different time scales. The results indicated that synoptic classes conducive to PM<sub>2.5</sub>-only pollution were “high-pressure top front”, “offshore high-pressure rear”, and “high-pressure inside”, while those conducive to O<sub>3</sub>-only pollution were “offshore high-pressure rear”, “subtropical high”, and “high and low systems”. The Co-occurring of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> pollution were influenced by high pressure, and the Non-occurring of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> pollution were linked to precipitation and strong northerly winds. The variation in dominant synoptic patterns is crucial in the frequency changes of the four pollution types, which was further validated through the analysis of typical cases. Under the favorable meteorological conditions of high-pressure control with strong northerly winds or a subtropical high and inverted trough both with strong precipitation, there is potential to achieve coordinated control of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> in Dongying. Additionally, measures like artificially manipulating local humidity could be adopted to alleviate pollution levels. This study reveals the importance of comprehending the meteorological factors contributing to the formation of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> complex pollution for the improvement of urban air quality in the Bohai Rim region of China when emissions are high and the concentration of air pollutants exhibits high meteorological sensitivity.</div><div>摘要</div><div>本文研究了中国环渤海地区典型石化城市东营市近年来PM<sub>2.5</sub>与臭氧复合污染的天气形势特征. 结果表明, 有利于促发PM<sub>2.5</sub>单独污染的环流形势与高压顶前部型, 海上高压后部型, 高压内部型有关; 有利于促发臭氧单独污染的天气型与海上高压后部, 副高和高低值系统有关; PM<sub>2.5</sub>和臭氧双高污染的发生主要受高压系统的控制; 不利于PM<sub>2.5</sub>和臭氧污染发生的环流类型则与降水和较强的偏北风有关. 优势天气型的变化是导致四种污染类型发生频率变化的重要因素. 研究结果揭示了当一次排放处于高位, 且空气污染物浓度变化具有高气象敏感性的情况下, 弄清PM<sub>2.5</sub>和臭氧复合污染的气象成因对于中国环渤海地区城市空气质量持续改善的重要意义.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vertical distributions of VOCs in the Tibetan Plateau background region 青藏高原本底区域挥发性有机化合物的垂直分布
IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100516
Xuanxuan Xue , Fugeng Zha , Yinghong Wang , Yang Zhang , Yu Wang , Ying Shen , Yanyu Kang , Dan Yao , Guiqian Tang , Jianchun Bian , Yuesi Wang
Exploring the vertical variation in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in background regions can provide information on the spatial distribution of pollutants, providing a scientific basis for atmospheric pollution prevention and control strategies. From 15 August to 5 September 2023, at the Southeast Tibet Mountain Comprehensive Environmental Observation Station (SETS), a tethered balloon was used to sample VOCs every 100 m from the ground to 1000 m. A total of 403 air bag samples were collected, and 39 vertical profiles of VOCs were obtained. Ninety-two VOC species were detected. The VOC concentration at the SETS did not change significantly vertically, and the average VOC concentration was 11.1 ± 2.4 ppbv. The main components were alkanes (51.4 %), alkenes (18.7 %), and halohydrocarbons (18.1 %). There was no obvious diurnal change in VOCs and no significant difference between the different layers. When the surface VOC concentration was less than 10 ppbv, the concentrations, components, and sources of VOCs were evenly distributed vertically, and the main sources of VOCs at different heights were vehicle exhaust and background. When the surface VOC concentration exceeded 10 ppbv, the VOC concentration gradually decreased with height. The proportion of alkanes in surface VOCs increased, and the source was mainly vehicle exhaust. This study confirmed that VOCs are vertically homogeneous in the background of the Tibetan Plateau, emphasizing the importance of vehicle emissions as a potential source of VOCs.
摘要
研究背景区域挥发性有机物 (VOCs) 的垂直变化规律, 可以提供污染物的空间分布信息, 为制定大气污染防治策略提供科学依据. 2023年夏季, 利用系留气艇对藏东南背景区域VOCs垂直分布规律进行研究, 共获取92种VOC的39条垂直廓线. 结果表明, VOC浓度垂直分布均一, 平均浓度为11.1 ± 2.4 ppbv; 主要成分为烷烃 (51.4 %), 烯烃 (18.7 %) 和卤代烃 (18.1 %). 地表VOC浓度小于10 ppbv时, 不同高度VOCs的主要来源为机动车尾气和背景贡献. 而地表VOC浓度超过10 ppbv时, 烷烃占比增加, 来源以机动车尾气为主. 该研究证实了青藏高原VOC在垂直方向上分布均一, 强调了机动车排放作为VOCs潜在来源的重要性.
探索本底区域挥发性有机物(VOCs)的垂直变化,可以提供污染物的空间分布信息,为大气污染防治策略提供科学依据。2023 年 8 月 15 日至 9 月 5 日,在藏东南山地环境综合观测站(SETS),利用系留气球从地面至 1000 米处每隔 100 米进行一次 VOCs 采样,共采集 403 个气囊样品,获得 39 条 VOCs 垂直剖面图。共检测到 92 种挥发性有机化合物。在垂直方向上,SETS 的挥发性有机化合物浓度变化不大,平均浓度为 11.1 ± 2.4 ppbv。主要成分为烷烃(51.4%)、烯烃(18.7%)和卤代烃(18.1%)。挥发性有机化合物没有明显的昼夜变化,不同层之间也没有显著差异。当地表挥发性有机化合物浓度小于 10 ppbv 时,挥发性有机化合物的浓度、成分和来源呈均匀的垂直分布,不同高度的挥发性有机化合物主要来源于汽车尾气和背景。当地表挥发性有机化合物浓度超过 10 ppbv 时,挥发性有机化合物浓度随高度逐渐降低。表面挥发性有机化合物中烷烃的比例增加,其来源主要是汽车尾气。这项研究证实了青藏高原背景区域挥发性有机物在垂直方向上是均匀的,强调了汽车尾气作为挥发性有机物潜在来源的重要性。摘要研究背景区域挥发性有机物 (VOCs) 的垂直变化规律,可以提供污染物的空间分布信息,为制定大气污染防治策略提供科学依据。2023 年夏季,利用系留气艇对东南背景区域 VOCs 垂直分布规律进行研究, 共获取 92 种 VOC 的 39 条垂直廓线。结果表明,VOC 浓度垂直分布均一,平均浓度为 11.1 ± 2.4 ppbv; 主要成分为烷烃 (51.4 %), 烯烃 (18.7 %) 和卤代烃 (18.1 %)。地表 VOC 浓度小于 10 ppbv 时,不同高度 VOCs 的主要来源为机动车尾气和背景贡献。而地表 VOC 浓度超过 10 ppbv 时, 烷烃占比增加, 来源以机动车尾气为主。该研究证实了青藏高原 VOC 在垂直方向上分布均一, 强调了机动车排放作为 VOCs 潜在来源的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters
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