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Do Living Conditions Differ Among Different Types of Single Mothers?: Empirical Evidence from Vietnam 不同类型单身母亲的生活条件不同吗?:来自越南的经验证据
4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.2.040
Truc Ngoc Hoang Dang, Pungpond Rukumnuaykit
While the prevalence of single mothers is increasing around the world, research on single-mother families has been based largely on evidence from developed countries. Comparable research based on developing countries is rare. We utilize the 1999 (n = 16,928) and 2009 (n = 140,753) Vietnam Population and Housing Censuses to perform multivariate analyses that examine living conditions among single mothers with different living arrangements, household headship, and marital status. Single mothers who were household heads or lived with their children only were less likely to have standard basic amenities, durable goods, and live in an owned residence. Separated, divorced, and widowed single mothers were more likely than the never-married to have standard basic amenities and durable goods. However, never-married single mothers were more likely to live at owned residences than were other single mothers. Findings suggest that such diversity among single mothers should be acknowledged and taken into account when designing social policies and programs to support single mothers.
虽然单身母亲在世界范围内越来越普遍,但对单身母亲家庭的研究主要基于发达国家的证据。基于发展中国家的可比研究很少。我们利用1999年(n = 16,928)和2009年(n = 140,753)越南人口和住房普查进行多变量分析,检查不同居住安排、家庭户主和婚姻状况的单身母亲的生活状况。作为一家之主或只和孩子住在一起的单身母亲不太可能拥有标准的基本设施、耐用品,也不太可能住在自己的房子里。分居、离婚和丧偶的单身母亲比从未结婚的单身母亲更有可能拥有标准的基本生活设施和耐用品。然而,从未结过婚的单身母亲比其他单身母亲更有可能住在自己的房子里。研究结果表明,在设计支持单身母亲的社会政策和计划时,应该承认并考虑到单身母亲之间的这种多样性。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in Policy, Changes in Fertility? An Examination of Changes in Fertility Aspirations in China 政策变化,生育率变化?中国生育意愿变化的考察
4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.2.050
Sampson Lee Blair, Shi Dong
Fertility policies in China have changed substantially over recent years, with the intention of allowing individuals to bear more children and, thereby, to increase the total fertility rate. Using a sample of young adults, this study examines changes in fertility aspirations (the desired number of children, and the timing of first birth) across the three fertility policy periods (One-Child, Two-Child, and Three-Child). The results show that both young females and males increasingly prefer fewer children, and a later age at first birth. Both parental and peer factors are shown to significantly affect fertility aspirations, yet individual factors, such as gender attitudes and pronatal beliefs, yield stronger associations. The implications of the findings, along with the possible future of fertility patterns in China, are discussed with the developmental paradigm.
近年来,中国的生育政策发生了重大变化,其目的是允许个人生育更多的孩子,从而提高总生育率。本研究以年轻人为样本,考察了三个生育政策时期(独生子女、二孩和三孩)生育意愿(期望生育子女数量和第一胎时间)的变化。结果显示,年轻女性和男性都越来越倾向于少生孩子,并且晚生第一胎。父母和同伴因素都显示出对生育愿望的显著影响,但个人因素,如性别态度和产前信念,产生更强的关联。研究结果的意义,以及未来可能的生育模式在中国,讨论了发展范式。
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引用次数: 0
Physical Custody Arrangements, Children’s Age, and Children’s Mental Health: A Comparison of Germany and Norway 人身监护安排、儿童年龄和儿童心理健康:德国和挪威的比较
4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.2.020
Lara Augustijn, Anja Steinbach, Tonje Holt, Maren Sand Helland, Linda Larsen
This study investigated potential differences in mental health among children living in sole physical custody (SPC), asymmetric joint physical custody (JPC), and symmetric JPC; and it tested whether children’s age moderated the association between physical custody arrangements and children’s mental health. Using data from the Family Models in Germany (FAMOD) and Norwegian Dynamics of Family Conflict (FAMC) studies, we estimated OLS regression models for children aged 2 to 14. In the German sample, children in asymmetric JPC had fewer mental health problems than children in SPC. However, this difference disappeared when controlling for various background variables, including the quality of parent-child relationships. Additionally, children’s age moderated the association between physical custody arrangements and children’s mental health problems, with increasing age being related to fewer mental health problems in asymmetric JPC. This association remained even after controlling for the background variables. In the Norwegian sample, no differences were found in children’s mental health across physical custody arrangements; nor did children’s age moderate the association. The results of this study emphasize that there may be cultural differences in how children’s mental health is related to their physical custody arrangements. Furthermore, there are modest indications that asymmetric JPC may be related to better mental health among older children in Germany.
本研究探讨了单独监护权(SPC)、非对称共同监护权(JPC)和对称共同监护权(JPC)儿童心理健康的潜在差异。该研究还测试了儿童的年龄是否会调节身体监护安排与儿童心理健康之间的关系。使用来自德国家庭模型(FAMOD)和挪威家庭冲突动力学(FAMC)研究的数据,我们估计了2至14岁儿童的OLS回归模型。在德国样本中,非对称JPC的儿童比SPC的儿童有更少的心理健康问题。然而,当控制各种背景变量,包括亲子关系的质量,这种差异就消失了。此外,儿童年龄调节了实际监护安排与儿童心理健康问题之间的关系,非对称JPC中年龄的增加与心理健康问题的减少有关。即使在控制了背景变量之后,这种关联仍然存在。在挪威的样本中,在实际监护安排中没有发现儿童心理健康的差异;儿童的年龄也没有缓和这种联系。本研究的结果强调,儿童的心理健康与他们的身体监护安排之间的关系可能存在文化差异。此外,有少量迹象表明,不对称的JPC可能与德国较大儿童的心理健康状况较好有关。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Comments 编辑评论
IF 1.7 4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.2.010
Silvia Bartolic
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引用次数: 0
South Korea’s Fertility Puzzle: A Mismatch Between Sustained Childbearing Desires and Declining Fertility 韩国的生育难题:持续的生育欲望和不断下降的生育率之间的不匹配
4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.2.030
Jolene Tan
Although marriage and fertility rates in South Korea have been declining for decades, many perceive having two or more children as the ideal. To understand the mismatch between childbearing desires and realities, this study describes the interrelatedness and incongruity of Korean women’s attitudes toward marriage, childbearing and gender roles by viewing attitudes as a multidimensional construct. Using data from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families, latent transition analysis was conducted to identify classes of women with similar attitudinal response patterns and develop a typology of their personal dispositions toward family life. Three attitudinal classes emerged from the analysis: Traditional Familism, Transitional Ambivalence and Contemporary Individualism. The first class includes those with traditional attitudes to family formation and gender roles, while the latter two classes indicate a more positive orientation toward parenthood than marriage. This finding is particularly important in a context where having a child outside of marriage is rare and stigmatized, and suggests that low fertility may be potentially related to divergences in marriage and childbearing attitudes. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of jointly considering attitudes across various family-related domains to better capture the complex attitudinal dynamics associated with women’s perceptions of family life.
虽然韩国的结婚率和生育率几十年来一直在下降,但许多人认为拥有两个或两个以上的孩子是理想的。为了理解生育愿望与现实之间的不匹配,本研究通过将态度视为一个多维结构来描述韩国女性对婚姻、生育和性别角色的态度的相互关联和不协调。利用韩国妇女和家庭纵向调查的数据,进行了潜在转变分析,以确定具有相似态度反应模式的妇女类别,并开发了她们对家庭生活的个人倾向的类型。从分析中可以看出三个态度等级:传统家庭主义、过渡矛盾主义和当代个人主义。第一类包括那些对家庭组成和性别角色持传统态度的人,而后两类则表明他们对父母的态度比婚姻更积极。这一发现在婚外生育罕见且受到歧视的背景下尤为重要,并表明低生育率可能与婚姻和生育态度的分歧有关。总的来说,这些发现强调了共同考虑各种家庭相关领域的态度的重要性,以更好地捕捉与女性对家庭生活的看法相关的复杂态度动态。
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引用次数: 0
Dobrotić, Ivana, Sonja Blum, Alison Koslowski (Eds.). Research Handbook on Leave Policy: Parenting and Social Inequalities in a Global Perspective. dobrotiski, Ivana, Sonja Blum, Alison Koslowski(编辑)。休假政策研究手册:全球视角下的养育与社会不平等。
4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.2.060
Yuexin Deng
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引用次数: 1
Parental Approval, Active Mediation, and Adolescent Online Social Behavior: Differences by Parent-Child Gender Pairs 父母认同、主动中介与青少年网络社会行为:亲子性别对的差异
IF 1.7 4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.1.040
Angela Keyzers, J. Dworkin
Abstract:Adolescents across the globe spend a significant amount of time engaging in online social behavior (OSB). Parents play an important role in influencing adolescent online behavior, however, there is limited understanding about what influences parent's management of their children's online behavior. The current study was designed to examine the complex associations between parents' attitudes about OSB, active parental mediation of adolescent's online behavior, and adolescent OSB using a diverse U.S. sample. Further, whether these associations are moderated by parent-child gender was examined. Results add insight into how, and under what circumstances fathers and mothers differentially monitor their adolescents' online behavior and what that means for adolescents' actual online behavior. Results also provide a preliminary understanding of the role parents' approval of OSB plays in adolescent OSB and how this association is moderated by parent-child gender. This research helps lay the groundwork for developing strategies targeted toward shaping and/or changing parents' attitudes about their sons' and daughters' OSB in ways that support mediation strategies and responsible adolescent OSB.Résumé:Les adolescents du monde entier passent beaucoup de temps à adopter un comportement social en ligne (CSEL). Le rôle des parents est important puisque ceux-ci exercent une influence sur le comportement en ligne des adolescents, toutefois nous avons une compréhension limitée de ce qui influence la gestion par les parents du comportement en ligne de leurs enfants. La présente étude vise à examiner les associations complexes entre les attitudes des parents à l'égard du CSEL, la médiation parentale active du comportement en ligne de l'adolescent et le CSEL adolescent à l'aide d'un échantillon américain diversifié. La question de savoir si ces associations sont modérées par le genre du parent et de l'enfant a elle aussi été examinée. Les résultats permettent de mieux comprendre comment et dans quelles circonstances les pères et les mères surveillent différemment le comportement en ligne de leurs adolescents et ce que cela signifie pour le comportement en ligne réel des adolescents. Les résultats fournissent également une compréhension préliminaire du rôle que joue l'approbation du CSEL par les parents chez les adolescents et comment cette association est modérée par le genre du parent et de l'enfant. Cette étude contribue à établir une base pour l'élaboration de stratégies visant à façonner et/ou à changer les attitudes des parents à l'égard du CSEL de leurs fils et filles et ainsi soutenir les stratégies de médiation ainsi qu'un CSEL responsable chez les adolescents.
摘要:全球青少年花了大量时间参与在线社交行为(OSB)。父母在影响青少年的在线行为方面发挥着重要作用,但对父母如何影响孩子的在线行为了解有限。目前的研究旨在通过使用各种美国样本,研究父母对OSB的态度、青少年在线行为的积极父母调解和青少年OSB之间的复杂关联。此外,无论这些联系是否受到亲子性别的缓和,都进行了审查。结果为父亲和母亲如何以及在什么情况下不同地监测青少年的在线行为以及青少年的实际在线行为增加了见解。结果还初步了解了父母对青少年OSB中OSB游戏的角色认可,以及亲子性别如何缓和这种关联。这项研究有助于为制定旨在塑造和/或改变父母对其儿子和女儿OSB的态度的策略奠定基础,以支持调解策略和负责任的青少年OSB。父母的作用很重要,因为他们影响青少年的在线行为,但我们对父母如何管理孩子的在线行为了解有限。本研究旨在使用不同的美国样本调查父母对CSEL的态度、青少年在线行为的主动父母调解和青少年CSEL之间的复杂关联。还讨论了这些关联是否由父母和孩子的性别调节的问题。这些发现有助于更好地理解父亲和母亲如何以及在何种情况下以不同的方式监控青少年的在线行为,以及这对青少年的实际在线行为意味着什么。研究结果还提供了对父母批准CSEL在青少年中所起作用的初步理解,以及父母和孩子的性别如何调节这种关联。这项研究有助于为制定战略奠定基础,以塑造和/或改变父母对其子女的CSEL的态度,从而支持青少年的调解战略和负责任的CSEL。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Comments 社论评论
IF 1.7 4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.1.020
Silvia K. Bartolic
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引用次数: 0
How Do Wives and Husbands in Dual-Earner Couples in Korea Coordinate Work Hours and Childcare? 韩国双职工家庭的夫妻如何协调工作时间和照顾孩子?
IF 1.7 4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.1.060
Yun-Suk Lee, Yoo-Jean Song
Abstract:This study examined how dual-earner couples in Korea coordinate their work time to cope with childcare responsibilities and whether they employ tag-team parenting. Using the 2019 Korean Time Use Survey data, we assessed time spent in childcare and paid work among dual-earner couples with young children. OLS regression analysis was conducted separately for mothers' and fathers' childcare time, focusing on time spent on paid work and differences in work schedules. Mothers tend to leave for work later and head home earlier compared to fathers, presumably to take care of children. Couples worked longer separately than concurrently, and paid work time was strongly associated with one's own and spousal time spent on childcare, supporting the desynchronization of work hours at the couple-level. Although the mother's major responsibilities for childcare are still prevalent in Korea, couples tend to desynchronize working time with spouses so that one parent can be present with the children.Résumé:Cette étude a examiné comment les couples à deux soutiens en Corée coordonnent leur temps de travail pour faire face aux responsabilités parentales et s'ils emploient le « tag-team parenting ». À l'aide des données de l'Enquête Budget-Temps Coréeenne de 2019, nous avons évalué le temps passé dans la garde des enfants et le travail rémunéré chez les couples à deux soutiens avec de jeunes enfants. L'analyse des régressions OLS a été menée séparément pour le temps consacré à la garde des enfants par les mères et les pères, en mettant l'accent sur le temps consacré au travail rémunéré et les différences dans les horaires de travail. Les mères ont tendance à partir travailler plus tard et à rentrer chez elles plus tôt que les pères, probablement pour s'occuper des enfants. Les couples travaillaient plus longtemps séparément que concurremment, et le temps de travail rémunéré était fortement associé au temps passé par le conjoint et soi-même à la garde des enfants, appuyant la désynchronisation des heures de travail au niveau du couple. Bien que les principales responsabilités en matière de garde d'enfants pèsent encore sur la mère en Corée, les couples ont tendance à désynchroniser le temps de travail avec les conjoints afin qu'un parent puisse être présent avec les enfants.
摘要:本研究考察了韩国双职工家庭如何协调工作时间来承担照顾孩子的责任,以及他们是否采用了标签团队育儿方式。利用2019年韩国时间使用调查数据,我们评估了有年幼孩子的双职工夫妇在照顾孩子和有偿工作上花费的时间。对母亲和父亲的育儿时间分别进行OLS回归分析,重点关注有偿工作时间和工作时间的差异。与父亲相比,母亲往往更晚上班,更早回家,大概是为了照顾孩子。夫妻分开工作的时间比同时工作的时间长,带薪工作时间与自己和配偶花在育儿上的时间密切相关,这支持了夫妻工作时间的不同步。虽然在韩国,主要的育儿责任仍然是由母亲承担,但夫妻们倾向于与配偶不同步工作时间,以便父母中的一方能够陪伴孩子。(3)“联合抚养”:“联合抚养”指的是“联合抚养”,“联合抚养”指的是“联合抚养”,“联合抚养”指的是“联合抚养”。À 1 'aide des dondones de 1 'Enquête Budget-Temps comenest de 2019, nous avons samvaluesle temtems passpassers dans la garde des enfants和le travail - csammunacrise les couples / deux soutiens avec de jeunes enfants。L'analyse des reacresression OLS a samest men men samparacresment pour le temps consacres res res res res res res res res res res, en metant L 'accent sur le temps consacres res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res res resLes mentresttendance, partir travailler,加上,tarard, tretrer, chez,加上,tôt, que, Les pentres, probment pour s'occuper des enfants。夫妇之间的交换和长时间的交换是一致的,而夫妇之间的交换和长时间的交换是一致的,他们交换和长时间的交换是一致的,他们交换和长时间的交换是一致的。“我不知道责任的原则是什么,”他说,“我不知道你们是什么人,你们是什么人,你们是什么人,你们是什么人,你们是什么人,你们是什么人。”
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引用次数: 0
Message from the Managing Editor 总编辑的消息
IF 1.7 4区 社会学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.3138/jcfs.54.1.010
T. Martin
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Comparative Family Studies
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