Journal of Comparative Family Studies最新文献

{"title":"Child Happiness Associated with Paternal Profiles in Parenting Behaviors and Work-Family Balance","authors":"M. Sung, Ppudah Ki","doi":"10.3138/jcfs.52.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.52.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In Korea, expectations for paternal roles are changing from strict fathers to intimate fathers as a result of the rise in dual-income families. Maintaining a work-family balance to allow for more involvement in parenting can be difficult for Korean fathers because they tend to be work-oriented. They also typically lack a role model for close father-child relationships due to Korea's tradition of authoritarian fatherhood. In this study, we identify paternal profiles and what types of fathers are positively associated with child happiness. For this purpose, we investigate (a) the number and characteristics of paternal profiles in parenting behaviors (authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting) and work-family balance (work-family benefits and conflicts); (b) predictors of the profiles, and (c) how the profiles are associated with child happiness. Our sample included 1,159 fathers with children in the 3rd grade from the 10th wave of the Panel Study on Korean Children. The mean age of the fathers was 42.15 years (SD = 3.88), and the mean length of their marital relationship was about 12.90 years (M = 154.83 months, SD = 36.98). Using Mplus, we applied latent profile analysis and found three profiles: (1) authoritative fathers with work-family benefits (22.1%); (2) authoritative-permissive fathers with work-family balance (52.9%); and (3) inconsistent fathers with work-family conflicts (25.0%). We also examined predictors of the profiles and child happiness. Health, age, and marital relationship satisfaction were the significant predictors of the profiles. Children of authoritative fathers with work-family benefits showed significantly higher happiness than children of the other paternal types. Our findings provide valuable implications for family practices and government policies regarding the importance of paternal roles on child happiness and the impact of health status, age, and marital relationship satisfaction on fathers' parenting.Résumé:En Corée, les attentes à l'égard des rôles paternels sont en train de changer, en passant de pères trop stricts à des pères intimes, ce qui résulte de l'essor de famille à double revenu. Pour les pères coréens, il peut être difficile de maintenir un équilibre travail-famille qui permet une implication plus significative dans la parentalité, car ils ont une propension à être axés sur le travail. Aussi en raison de la tradition de paternité autoritaire de la Corée, généralement ils manquent d'un modèle pour les relations étroites père-enfant. Dans cette étude, nous identifions les profils paternels et quels types de pères sont positivement associés au bonheur des enfants. À cette fin, nous étudions (a) le nombre et les caractéristiques des profils paternels dans les comportements parentaux (style parental démocratique, celui d'un caractère autoritaire et style parental permissif) et la conciliation travail-famille (avantages et conflits travail-famille); (b) les prédicteurs des profils, et (c","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"397 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69362546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Neighbors and Neighborhoods Still Important? Examining the Impact of Neighbors and Neighborhood Environments on Mothers' Parenting Stress","authors":"Soyoung Lee, Meejung Chin, M. Sung","doi":"10.3138/jcfs.52.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.52.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The contemporary neighborhood literature discusses the complex relationships among neighborhood environments, social support, and parenting. Grounded in the Person-Process-Context-Time (PPCT) model, we examined how different sources of social support interact with Korean mothers' perception of disorder in their neighborhoods, and if social support increases or decreases their parenting stress in rural and metropolitan areas. Using STATA 14.0, we conducted multiple regression modeling including tests for interaction effects. Our sample (from the 8th Wave PSKC) included 1,300 mothers of seven-year-old children who were transitioning to first grade. The results showed that for metropolitan mothers, support from neighbors was important. Interestingly, receiving social support from friends/colleagues could increase or reduce their parenting stress depending on the type of residential neighborhood. Both rural and metropolitan mothers who reported negative impressions of their neighborhood environment experienced more parenting stress. However, these relationships disappeared when controlling for the interactions between mothers' perception of disorder in their neighborhood and social support. These findings suggest that the social support that mothers receive from neighbors, and friends/colleagues, in general, play an important role in relieving parenting stress when raising first graders. However, living in disorganized, unsafe, or stressful neighborhood environments may restrict mothers' parenting choices due to anxiety and limited outdoor space, resulting in increased parenting stress. Therefore, careful consideration of neighborhood characteristics is required to develop community-based parenting support services as part of family-friendly policies to effectively reduce the burden of parenting school-aged children in Korea.Resumé:La littérature contemporaine de quartier traite des relations complexes entre les environnements de quartier, le soutien social et la parentalité. Fondés sur le modèle PPCT (Processus-Personne-Contexte-Temps), nous avons examiné comment différentes sources de soutien social interagissent avec la perception des troubles du voisinage chez les mères coréennes et si le soutien social augmente ou diminue le stress parental dans les zones rurales et métropolitaines. À l'aide de STATA 14.0, nous avons mené une modélisation de régression multiple, ainsi que des tests pour les effets d'interaction. Notre échantillon (à partir de la 8e vague PSKC) comprenait 1,300 mères d'enfants âgés de sept ans qui étaient en transition vers la première année de l'école primaire. Les résultats ont montré que, dans les régions métropolitaines, le soutien des voisins était important pour les mères; il est apparu qu'en fonction du type de quartier résidentiel, le fait de recevoir du soutien social d'amis / collègues est susceptible d'augmenter ou réduire le stress parental. Dans les régions rurales et métropolitaines, les mères qui ont émis ","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"317 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45096139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Trajectories of Negative Peer Play in Preschool: Predictors and Outcomes","authors":"Suhyun Lee, Seri Kim, Kangyi Lee","doi":"10.3138/jcfs.52.3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.52.3.07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study aims to identify age-related trajectories of preschoolers' negative peer play, their predictors, and school-related outcomes. The participants were 1,547 children in the Panel Study on Korean Children and their teachers and parents. Using latent class growth analysis, we identified negative peer play trajectories of children between 4 and 6 years old. Analyses of variances were conducted to investigate whether children's school readiness at 6 years old differed between the trajectories. Finally, multinomial logistic regressions were conducted to explore how teacher-child interactions influenced membership in the trajectories. Three developmental trajectories of play disruption were found: \"Low\" (64.3%), \"Constant-higher\" (34.3%), and \"U-curve\" (1.4%). In the case of play disconnection, four trajectories were found: \"Low-increase\" (57.6%), \"Moderate-decrease\" (26.5%), \"Sharp-increase\" (10.1%), and \"High-decrease\" (5.8%). The trajectories of play disruption were related to social and emotional development and approach to learning. The trajectories of play disconnection were related to all aspects of school readiness including social and emotional development, approach to learning, communication, and cognitive development. Teacher-child interactions that encourage children's prosocial behaviors and positive peer interactions predicted likely membership in \"Low-increase\" play disconnection development. Also, teachers' affectionate and sensitive qualities during the interaction with children predicted a \"Low\" trajectory of play disruption. Together, the results emphasized the protective power of positive teacher-child interactions in the development of preschool negative peer play. Based on the findings, policy implications are discussed with regard to teacher education.Résumé:Cette étude a pour but d´identifier chez les enfants de la maternelle les trajectoires négatives de jeu avec les pairs liées a l´âge, les indicateurs et les résultats scolaires. Les participants ont été 1547 enfants du Panel d´étude sur les enfants coréens, et leurs enseignants. L´analyse de croissance de classe latente a permis d´identifier des trajectoires négatives de jeu avec des pairs chez des enfants de 4 à 6 ans. Les analyses des variances ont été menées pour examiner si la préparation scolaire des enfants de 6 ans était différente selon les trajectoires. Finallement, les régressions logistiques multinomiales ont été menées pour explorer comment les intéractions enseignant-élève ont influencé l´appartenance aux trajectoires. Nous avons trouvé trois trajectoires développementales concernant le jeu interrompu: \"basse\" (64.3%), \"haute-constante\" (34.3%), \"Courbe U\" (1.4%). Nous avons trouvé quatre trajectoires concernant le jeu déconnecté: \"basse-croissante\" (57.6%), \"modérée-décroissante\" (26.5%), \"aigue-croissante\" (10.1%), \"haute-décroissante\" (5.8%). Les trajectoires de jeu interrompu avaient un lien avec le développement social et émotionnel et l´app","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"447 - 479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48987911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assets and Life Satisfaction of Older Korean Parents: Mediating Effects of Multiple Children's Adult Status Attainment","authors":"S. You, Heejeong Choi","doi":"10.3138/jcfs.52.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.52.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study examined if the association between older parents' assets and life satisfaction is mediated by multiple children's adult status attainment, given increasingly complicated processes of transition to adulthood and diminishing returns for parents' extended investment in adult children. Disparate bodies of literature have indicated that assets help promoting older adults' individual health and well-being; and parental assets also facilitate children's reaching of adulthood. However, little attention has been paid to the ways in which the association between assets and life satisfaction might be explained by multiple children's adult role statuses. Using the 5th wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2014), this study analyzed a sample of parents aged 60 years and older with at least one living child aged between 30 and 50. For analyses, mediation models were estimated using SPSS PROCESS. Results showed that the association between non-financial assets and life satisfaction was partially mediated by one or more grown children's college graduation and home ownership. Children's employment, marriage, and parenthood did not play a major role in explicating the link between assets and life satisfaction in the contemporary socioeconomic context of Korea. Regarding policy and practice implications, comprehensive asset-building programs should be offered for parents to financially prepare for old age; parents should be informed that their overall life quality may hinge less on the lives of their children than might be typically expected, thus necessitating a more tailored approach to financially supporting their children during their transition to adulthood.Résumé:Cette étude examine si l'association entre les actifs des parents plus âgés et leur satisfaction individuelle est médiée par l'atteinte du statut d'adulte par plusieurs enfants, compte tenu de la complexité de la transition vers l'âge adulte et des rendements décroissants de l'investissement des parents dans les enfants adultes. Certains ouvrages indiquent que les actifs aident à promouvoir la santé et le bien-être des adultes plus âgés, et que les actifs des parents facilitent l'atteinte de l'âge adulte des enfants. Peu d'attention a été accordée aux façons dont l'association entre les actifs et la satisfaction individuelle pourrait s'expliquer par les multiples rôles des enfants d'âge adulte. Utilisant la 5ème vague de l'étude longitudinale coréenne sur le vieillissement (2014), un échantillon de parents âgés de 60 ans et plus avec au moins un enfant vivant âgé entre 30 et 50 ans a été analysé. Les modèles ont été estimés avec SPSS PROCESS. Les résultats montrent que l'association entre les actifs non financiers et la satisfaction individuelle est en partie médiée par l'obtention du diplôme universitaire et l'accession à la propriété d'un ou plusieurs enfants adultes. Toutefois, l'emploi, le mariage et la parentalité ne jouent pas de rôle majeur. Concernant les impli","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"480 - 507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42394463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Marital Satisfaction Matter for Dyadic Associations Between Multimorbidity and Subjective Health Among Korean Married Couples in Middle and Later Life?","authors":"S. Kim, S. Joo","doi":"10.3138/jcfs.52.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.52.3.09","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The present study aims to investigate how marital satisfaction moderates the dyadic associations between multimorbidity and subjective health. Data were extracted from the Korea Longitudinal Study of Aging in 2016 and 2018. The sample was Korean married couples in middle and later life (N = 780 couples with low marital satisfaction, N = 1,193 couples with high marital satisfaction). The independent variable was multimorbidity, measured by the number of chronic diseases per person. The dependent variables were subjective life expectancy and self-rated health to represent subjective health. Marital satisfaction was a binary moderator, dividing the sample into low and high marital satisfaction groups. We applied the Actor Partner Interdependency Model to examine actor and partner associations simultaneously and used multigroup analysis to test the moderating effects of marital satisfaction. The results showed that husbands' multimorbidity was negatively associated with wives' self-rated health among couples in both the low and high marital satisfaction groups. In couples with high marital satisfaction, wives' multimorbidity was negatively associated with husbands' self-rated health, but this was not true for couples with low marital satisfaction. Regarding actor effects, multimorbidity was associated with self-rated health in both marital satisfaction groups. The actor effect of multimorbidity on the subjective life expectancy was significant only among women with low marital satisfaction. These findings suggest that there are universal and gendered associations between multimorbidity and subjective health in couple relationships.Résumé:L'étude examine comment la satisfaction conjugale modère les associations dyadiques entre multimorbidité et santé subjective. Les données provenaient de l'étude longitudinale coréenne sur le vieillissement en 2016/2018. L'échantillon était composé de couples mariés aux stades intermédiaires et ultérieurs de vie (N = 780 couples à satisfaction conjugale faible, N = 1193 couples à satisfaction conjugale élevée). La variable indépendante était la multimorbidité, mesurée par le nombre de maladies chroniques. Les variables dépendantes étaient l'espérance de vie subjective et la santé autoévaluée représentant la santé subjective. La satisfaction conjugale était un modérateur binaire, divisant l'échantillon en groupes de satisfaction conjugale faible et élevée. Nous avons appliqué le modèle d'interdépendance des partenaires acteurs pour examiner simultanément les associations acteurs et partenaires et utilisé une analyse multigroupe pour tester les effets modérateurs de la satisfaction conjugale. Les résultats démontraient que la multimorbidité des maris était négativement associée à l'autoévaluation de la santé des femmes parmi les couples des groupes à satisfaction conjugale faible et élevée. Dans les couples très satisfaits, la multimorbidité des femmes était négativement associée à l'autoévaluation de la santé ","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"508 - 535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42409366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paternal Influence on the Developmental Pathways of Maternal Parenting Stress, Home Learning Stimulation, and Children's Social Skills in the U.S. and Korea: A Moderated Mediation Model","authors":"Jaehee Kim, Jiwon Lee","doi":"10.3138/jcfs.52.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.52.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:To increase the specificity in paternal influence as the importance caregiving context on mothers and children, we aimed to test 1) whether the mediation effect of maternal parenting stress at age 3 on children's social skills at age 9 via home learning stimulation at age 5 was significant; 2) whether this mediation effect varied according to paternal involvement and depression at age 3; and 3) whether this proposed path was culturally generalizable. To examine causal pathways and compare differences between two cultures, we analyzed the proposed moderated mediation models using nationally representative longitudinal data from the U.S. (the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study) and Korea (the Panel Study on Korean Children) using SPSS 25 and PROCESS. We found that in both countries, higher maternal parenting stress at age 3 hindered the development of school-aged children's social skills through lower levels of home-learning stimulation. We also found cultural differences: paternal involvement significantly buffered the negative effects of maternal parenting stress in Korea, while paternal mental health (i.e., non-depression) played that buffering role in the U.S. This study illustrates both the cross-cultural generalizability and culture-specific aspects of family processes, then discusses some theoretical implications and potential practices that would better support families in promoting their children's social development.Résumé:Afin d'accroître la spécificité de l'influence paternelle dans le contexte de la prise en charge sur les mères et les enfants, nous avons cherché à tester 1) si l'effet de médiation du stress parental maternel à l'âge de 3 ans sur les compétences sociales des enfants à l'âge de 9 ans par la stimulation de l'apprentissage à la maison à l'âge de 5 ans était significatif; 2) si cet effet de médiation variait en fonction de l'implication paternelle et de la dépression à l'âge de 3 ans; et 3) si ce chemin proposé était généralisable culturellement. Afin d'examiner les liens de causalité et comparer les différences entre deux cultures, nous avons analysé les modèles de médiation modérée proposés à l'aide de données longitudinales représentatives au niveau national provenant des États-Unis (l'étude sur les familles fragiles et le bien-être des enfants) et de la Corée (l'étude sur les enfants coréens) en utilisant SPSS 25 et PROCESS. Nous avons constaté que dans les deux pays, un stress parental plus élevé chez la mère à l'âge de 3 ans entravait le développement des compétences sociales des enfants d'âge scolaire en raison de niveaux inférieurs de stimulation de l'apprentissage à la maison. Nous avons également constaté des différences culturelles: l'engagement paternel a considérablement atténué les effets négatifs du stress parental maternel en Corée, tandis que la santé mentale paterne (c'est-à-dire l'absence de dépression) a joué ce rôle d'amortisseur aux États-Unis. Cette étude illustre à la fois la généra","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"344 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47321548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Latent Profiles of Father-Child Interaction: Classification Predictors and Differences in Children's Socio-Emotional Development","authors":"Saerom Park, Boram No","doi":"10.3138/jcfs.52.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.52.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The purpose of this study was to (1) classify subgroups of father-child interaction based on the type of interaction activity (routine, learning, and play interaction), (2) examine the effects of socio-demographic factors, father's psycho-emotional factors, and maternal factors on the different types of father-child interaction groups, and (3) analyze differences in socio-emotional development of first graders in elementary school according to the type of father-child interaction. Analysis of 1,469 families (mothers, fathers, and children) was conducted using latent profile analysis (research question 1), complex sample multinomial logistic regression (RQ 2), and complex sample general linear modeling (RQ 3). Samples originated from the eighth wave (2015) of the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC). The main results were as follows. First, three distinct latent groups of father-child interaction based on the quantitative level of daily interaction were found: high-interaction (HI, 7.85%), medium-interaction (MI, 51.73%), and low-interaction (LI, 40.42%). Second, factors such as father's happiness, positive evaluation of work-family balance, and mother-child interaction level were significant correlates for the classification of father-child interaction. Third, first graders in the HI group showed the highest levels of self-esteem in comparison to the other two groups and reported a higher level of subjective happiness in comparison to the LI group. These results bring to attention the importance of father-child interaction affecting the outcomes of children's socio-emotional development.Résumé:Le but de cette étude était de (1) classer les sous-groupes d'interaction père-enfant en fonction du type d'activité d'interaction (routine, apprentissage et interaction ludique), (2) d'examiner les effets des facteurs sociodémographiques, des facteurs psycho-émotionnels du père et des facteurs maternels sur les différents types de groupes d'interaction père-enfant, et (3) d'analyser les différences de développement socio-affectif des élèves de première année à l'école élémentaire selon le type d'interaction père-enfant. L'analyse de 1469 familles (mères, pères et enfants) a été réalisée à l'aide d'une analyse de profil latent (1), régression logistique multinomiale d'échantillons complexes (2), et modélisation linéaire générale d'échantillons complexes (3). Les échantillons proviennent de la huitième vague (2015) de l'étude en panel sur les enfants coréens (PSKC). Les principaux résultats ont été les suivants. Premièrement, trois groupes latents distincts d'interaction père-enfant basés sur le niveau quantitatif d'interaction quotidienne ont été trouvés: groupe d'interaction élevée (IE, 7,85%), groupe d'interaction moyenne (IM, 51,73%) et groupe d'interaction faible (IF, 40,42%). Deuxièmement, des facteurs tels que le bonheur du père, une évaluation positive de la conciliation travail-famille et le niveau d'interaction mère-enfant étaient des cor","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"424 - 446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44935927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Availability: Assessing Causal Ordering in the Performance of Paid Labor and Unpaid Housework","authors":"Daniel L. Carlson","doi":"10.3138/jcfs-52-2-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs-52-2-003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Key to understanding gender inequality in families, the time availability hypothesis implies that one's time in paid work negatively affects one's time in unpaid housework. Although dozens of studies have demonstrated an association between husbands' and wives' time in the paid labor force and their performance of housework, most suffer from numerous limitations, especially the use of unidirectional modeling and cross-sectional data. This is problematic since these methods cannot assess causal directionality and since human capital theory suggests that housework responsibilities affect time in paid work. Using structural equation modeling and two stage least squares regression—two methods that can help parse causal ordering—and data from the 1987–88 and 1992–94 waves of the U.S. National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH) this study finds no support for the time availability hypothesis regarding the association between paid work hours and unpaid housework. Consistent with human capital theory, husbands' housework time affects their own time in paid work. No association is found among wives.Résumé:Clé pour comprendre l'inégalité entre les sexes dans les familles, l'hypothèse de la disponibilité du temps implique que le temps consacré à un travail rémunéré a un impact négatif sur le temps passé aux travaux ménagers non rémunérés. Bien que des dizaines d'études aient démontré une association entre le temps des maris et des épouses dans la main-d'œuvre rémunérée et leur travail ménager, la plupart souffrent de nombreuses limites, en particulier l'utilisation de modèles unidirectionnels et de données transversales. Ceci est problématique puisque ces méthodes ne peuvent pas évaluer la directionnalité causale et que la théorie du capital humain suggère que les responsabilités liées aux tâches ménagères affectent la durée du travail rémunéré. En utilisant la modélisation d'équations structurelles et la régression des moindres carrés en deux étapes—deux méthodes qui peuvent aider à analyser l'ordre causal—et les données des vagues 1987–88 et 1992–94 de l'enquête nationale américaine sur les familles et les ménages (NSFH), cette étude ne trouve aucun soutien pour l'hypothèse de disponibilité du temps concernant l'association entre les heures de travail rémunérées et les travaux ménagers non rémunérés. Conformément à la théorie du capital humain, le temps consacré aux travaux ménagers des maris influe sur leur propre temps de travail rémunéré. Aucune association n'est trouvée parmi les épouses.","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"180 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45116587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Couples' Relative Education and the Division of Domestic Work in France, Spain, and the United States","authors":"Joan García Román","doi":"10.3138/jcfs-52-2-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs-52-2-005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The reversal of the gender gap in education and the emergence of couples in which the woman has a better economic or education status than her partner have been key shifts in family dynamics in recent decades. One of the consequences of this phenomenon is a more egalitarian division of tasks within couples, which is derived from the stronger resources of more educated women to negotiate roles. In this paper, I explored the division of unpaid domestic work in couples in France, Spain, and the United States (US), taking into account the level of education and the income of both members of the couple. The results show that hypogamous couples by education are more egalitarian than other types of couples, but the reversal of the gender gap in education has a relative effect on the division of housework. In that sense, better status in terms of earnings supposes more equality within the couple. However, gender inequalities persist even when the woman makes more money than her partner. A higher level of income is not sufficient to obtain more equality within the household, and other normative changes must be implemented in societies.Résumé:L'inversion du fossé entre les sexes en matière d'éducation et l'émergence de couples au sein desquels la femme a une meilleure éducation et un meilleur statut économique que son partenaire est une des clefs pour comprendre les dynamiques familiales de ces dernières décennies. L'une des conséquences de ce phénomène est la division plus égalitaire des tâches au sein des couples due aux meilleures compétences d'une femme plus éduquée, capable de négocier son rôle. Dans cet article, j'analyse la distribution des tâches non rémunérées au sein des couples en France, en Espagne et aux États Unis, en tenant compte du niveau d'éducation et des revenus des deux membres du couple. Les résultats montrent que les couples hypogames par éducation son plus égalitaires que d'autres types de couples, mais l'inversion du fossé entre les sexes du point de vue de l'éducation a un effet relatif sur la distribution des tâches domestiques. En ce sens, un meilleur statut en termes de revenus suppose plus d'égalité dans le couple. Cependant, l'inégalité des genres persiste même quand la femme gagne plus d'argent que son partenaire. Un plus haut niveau de revenus n'est pas suffisant pour obtenir plus d'égalité au foyer. D'autres changements normatifs doivent être mis en œuvre dans les sociétés.","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"245 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43567042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue","authors":"Kamila Kolpashnikova","doi":"10.3138/jcfs-52-2-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs-52-2-001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Family Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"145 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41448530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}