This Special Issue aims to enrich the discussion on individual employment re-regulation by introducing the concept of legal segmentation from a global perspective and distinguishing between the standard-setting, privileging and equalizing functions of employment law. This introductory article draws on a new database created by the authors that allows countries worldwide to be clustered into types of legal segmentation. It presents the authors' methodology and initial findings, which are contrasted with the regional and thematic studies in this Special Issue. Together, these contributions provide policy proposals to support the creation and enforcement of inclusive rules protecting all working people worldwide.
{"title":"Introduction: Worldwide patterns of legal segmentation in employment law","authors":"Ulrich MÜCKENBERGER, Irene DINGELDEY","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12355","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ilr.12355","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This Special Issue aims to enrich the discussion on individual employment re-regulation by introducing the concept of legal segmentation from a global perspective and distinguishing between the standard-setting, privileging and equalizing functions of employment law. This introductory article draws on a new database created by the authors that allows countries worldwide to be clustered into types of legal segmentation. It presents the authors' methodology and initial findings, which are contrasted with the regional and thematic studies in this Special Issue. Together, these contributions provide policy proposals to support the creation and enforcement of inclusive rules protecting all working people worldwide.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"161 4","pages":"511-534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ilr.12355","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80737291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted gender inequalities, increasing the amount of unpaid care weighing on women and girls, and the vulnerabilities faced by paid care workers, often women working informally. Using a global database on social protection responses to COVID-19 that focuses on social assistance, social insurance and labour market programmes, this article considers whether and how these responses have integrated care considerations. Findings indicate that, although many responses addressed at least one aspect of care (paid or unpaid), very few countries have addressed both types of care, prompting a discussion of the implications of current policy responses to COVID-19 (and beyond) through a care lens.
{"title":"COVID-19 and a “crisis of care”: A feminist analysis of public policy responses to paid and unpaid care and domestic work","authors":"Elena CAMILLETTI, Zahrah NESBITT-AHMED","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12354","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ilr.12354","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted gender inequalities, increasing the amount of unpaid care weighing on women and girls, and the vulnerabilities faced by paid care workers, often women working informally. Using a global database on social protection responses to COVID-19 that focuses on social assistance, social insurance and labour market programmes, this article considers whether and how these responses have integrated care considerations. Findings indicate that, although many responses addressed at least one aspect of care (paid or unpaid), very few countries have addressed both types of care, prompting a discussion of the implications of current policy responses to COVID-19 (and beyond) through a care lens.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"161 2","pages":"195-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ilr.12354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75727046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This introduction presents a selection of articles from the International Labour Review that illustrate how research on poverty and inequality has evolved over the past century. Receiving only occasional attention in the early decades of the journal's history, these topics acquired more prominence in articles published from the 1970s onwards, especially in relation to research carried out under the ILO's World Employment Programme. In the 1990s, articles looked into concepts of poverty and social exclusion and the impact of economic reform. More recent publications have treated economic and social inequality within wider analyses of growth and development. Scope remains for closer integration of different approaches to poverty and inequality.
{"title":"Changing perspectives on poverty and inequality: The contributions of the International Labour Review","authors":"Gerry RODGERS","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12353","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ilr.12353","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This introduction presents a selection of articles from the <i>International Labour Review</i> that illustrate how research on poverty and inequality has evolved over the past century. Receiving only occasional attention in the early decades of the journal's history, these topics acquired more prominence in articles published from the 1970s onwards, especially in relation to research carried out under the ILO's World Employment Programme. In the 1990s, articles looked into concepts of poverty and social exclusion and the impact of economic reform. More recent publications have treated economic and social inequality within wider analyses of growth and development. Scope remains for closer integration of different approaches to poverty and inequality.</p>","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"161 4","pages":"e1-e11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78206188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial: The Special Issue on COVID-19 and the world of work","authors":"Tzehainesh TEKLÈ","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12352","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ilr.12352","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"161 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ilr.12352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72793510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Labour markets in sub-Saharan Africa are characterized by a gendered division between formal and informal sectors. This article argues that this division originates from a rationality introduced by racist and gendered colonial legal segmentation, produced by a variety of legal regimes in and beyond employment law. Labour market segmentation in postcolonial settings cannot be understood or overcome without analysing the specific colonial institutional origins of the commodification of labour. In sub-Saharan Africa, the “colonial exploitative legal employment standard” that commodified labour focused on black African male employees for European employers, excluding or marginalizing women and domestic labour relations.
{"title":"Legal segmentation and early colonialism in sub-Saharan Africa: Informality and the colonial exploitative legal employment standard","authors":"Heiner FECHNER","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12350","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ilr.12350","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Labour markets in sub-Saharan Africa are characterized by a gendered division between formal and informal sectors. This article argues that this division originates from a rationality introduced by racist and gendered colonial legal segmentation, produced by a variety of legal regimes in and beyond employment law. Labour market segmentation in postcolonial settings cannot be understood or overcome without analysing the specific colonial institutional origins of the commodification of labour. In sub-Saharan Africa, the “colonial exploitative legal employment standard” that commodified labour focused on black African male employees for European employers, excluding or marginalizing women and domestic labour relations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"161 4","pages":"615-634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ilr.12350","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85038594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article applies a qualitative approach to the legal segmentation analysis developed by Dingeldey et al. (2021), considering exclusion from, and hierarchies of, worker protection. Examining the cases of China, India, Malaysia and Viet Nam, the author finds that several factors distinguish these countries from those in the global North and produce distinct labour market outcomes, namely: in terms of the relative size of the workforce operating outside the effective coverage of employment regulation; legal terminology that is not readily translated into Western languages; and legal history, especially as regards the mismatch between statutory frameworks and the labour market resulting from colonialism.
{"title":"Legal segmentation in China, India, Malaysia and Viet Nam","authors":"Sean COONEY","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12349","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ilr.12349","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article applies a qualitative approach to the legal segmentation analysis developed by Dingeldey et al. (2021), considering exclusion from, and hierarchies of, worker protection. Examining the cases of China, India, Malaysia and Viet Nam, the author finds that several factors distinguish these countries from those in the global North and produce distinct labour market outcomes, namely: in terms of the relative size of the workforce operating outside the effective coverage of employment regulation; legal terminology that is not readily translated into Western languages; and legal history, especially as regards the mismatch between statutory frameworks and the labour market resulting from colonialism.</p>","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"161 4","pages":"573-591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87581512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Issue Information – TOC","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"160 4","pages":"i-iv"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ilr.12173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137974502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ann-Christin ZUNTZ, Mackenzie KLEMA, Shaher ABDULLATEEF, Stella MAZERI, Salim Faisal ALNABOLSI, Abdulellah ALFADEL, Joy ABI-HABIB, Maria AZAR, Clara CALIA, Joseph BURKE, Liz GRANT, Lisa BODEN
Drawing on ethnographic data from the 2019 SyrianFoodFutures and the 2020 From the FIELD projects, this article provides insights into the early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on refugee labour in agriculture in Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey. In spring 2020, movement restrictions and supply chain disruptions caused displaced Syrian farmworkers to lose their jobs and face increased food insecurity. The authors situate their findings in the context of host countries' use of legal ambiguity in governing refugees, Middle Eastern agriculture's reliance on migrant labour, and the region's long-standing food insecurity. They conclude that formalizing refugee labour cannot alone address exploitation.
{"title":"Syrian refugee labour and food insecurity in Middle Eastern agriculture during the early COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Ann-Christin ZUNTZ, Mackenzie KLEMA, Shaher ABDULLATEEF, Stella MAZERI, Salim Faisal ALNABOLSI, Abdulellah ALFADEL, Joy ABI-HABIB, Maria AZAR, Clara CALIA, Joseph BURKE, Liz GRANT, Lisa BODEN","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12348","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ilr.12348","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drawing on ethnographic data from the 2019 <i>SyrianFoodFutures</i> and the 2020 <i>From the FIELD</i> projects, this article provides insights into the early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on refugee labour in agriculture in Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey. In spring 2020, movement restrictions and supply chain disruptions caused displaced Syrian farmworkers to lose their jobs and face increased food insecurity. The authors situate their findings in the context of host countries' use of legal ambiguity in governing refugees, Middle Eastern agriculture's reliance on migrant labour, and the region's long-standing food insecurity. They conclude that formalizing refugee labour cannot alone address exploitation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"161 2","pages":"245-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ilr.12348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80446856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The introduction to this Centenary Issue presents the discourse of development as reflected in a number of articles published in the International Labour Review (ILR) between 1971 and 2020. The 13 articles selected for inclusion in this issue provide various perspectives on development at different points in time, focusing on income, structural transformation, improvement of the lives of people through social development, and the interactions of economic growth with employment and labour markets. By highlighting aspects of the relationship between economic development and labour, these analytical and empirical contributions are still relevant today to help us to understand development processes and policy discussions.
{"title":"Tracking the changing discourse on development in the International Labour Review","authors":"Jayati GHOSH, Uma RANI","doi":"10.1111/ilr.12347","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ilr.12347","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The introduction to this Centenary Issue presents the discourse of development as reflected in a number of articles published in the <i>International Labour Review</i> (ILR) between 1971 and 2020. The 13 articles selected for inclusion in this issue provide various perspectives on development at different points in time, focusing on income, structural transformation, improvement of the lives of people through social development, and the interactions of economic growth with employment and labour markets. By highlighting aspects of the relationship between economic development and labour, these analytical and empirical contributions are still relevant today to help us to understand development processes and policy discussions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47216,"journal":{"name":"International Labour Review","volume":"160 4","pages":"e78-e91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85518920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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