Measuring the performance of dental schools in the research area has always been challenging. Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a performance measurement tool with four perspectives that balance financial and non-financial performance indicators. Some medical colleges use BSC for performance measurement of all departments’ activities while others use it in some sections or departments. This study is the first in the dental education field to use the BSC approach to assess the performance measurement of dental students’ research projects.
Methods:
A self-developed BSC was designed by the staff members at the dental public health department to reflect the educational strategies and objectives of the department; all data on dental public health students’ research from 2013/2014 to 2020/2021 were collected from the dental public health department, Dental Clinics Complex (DCC) files as well as databases of the Quality Assurance Unit to cover the basic four balanced perspectives.
Results:
Data from the four perspectives were introduced to Balanced Scorecard Pro Software Version 4.7.1.20. The resulting balanced scorecard indicated that the overall performance of students’ research activities was 89.38%. The learning and growth perspective showed the highest performance (95.33%) followed by the financial perspective (92.5%) then the internal process perspective (89.55%) while the customer perspective showed the lowest performance (82.19%).
Conclusions:
BSC is an efficient tool for the measurement of the performance of the departments at medical colleges. Our process is highly adaptable and can be easily implemented by any section, or institution looking to advance its educational mission and vision.
{"title":"Eight-year evaluation of dental public health students’ research using balanced scorecard – Retrospective study","authors":"Khaled Keraa , Amira Saad Badran , Mahassen Mohamed Farghaly","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction:</h3><div>Measuring the performance of dental schools in the research area has always been challenging. Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a performance measurement tool with four perspectives that balance financial and non-financial performance indicators. Some medical colleges use BSC for performance measurement of all departments’ activities while others use it in some sections or departments. This study is the first in the dental education field to use the BSC approach to assess the performance measurement of dental students’ research projects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>A self-developed BSC was designed by the staff members at the dental public health department to reflect the educational strategies and objectives of the department; all data on dental public health students’ research from 2013/2014 to 2020/2021 were collected from the dental public health department, Dental Clinics Complex (DCC) files as well as databases of the Quality Assurance Unit to cover the basic four balanced perspectives.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>Data from the four perspectives were introduced to Balanced Scorecard Pro Software Version 4.7.1.20. The resulting balanced scorecard indicated that the overall performance of students’ research activities was 89.38%. The learning and growth perspective showed the highest performance (95.33%) followed by the financial perspective (92.5%) then the internal process perspective (89.55%) while the customer perspective showed the lowest performance (82.19%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions:</h3><div>BSC is an efficient tool for the measurement of the performance of the departments at medical colleges. Our process is highly adaptable and can be easily implemented by any section, or institution looking to advance its educational mission and vision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 10","pages":"Pages 1357-1363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.011
Hissa Al-Ansari , Hend Al-Qashouti , Roudha Al-Neama , Aisha Al-Moadhadi , Hani Nazzal , Nebu Philip
Objectives
Drinking water containing optimal levels of cariostatic trace elements is an effective preventive approach against community-wide dental caries. This study aimed to (i) determine the concentrations of fluoride, copper, and zinc in commercially packaged and public tap water available in Qatar, (ii) assess the accuracy of the content of these cariostatic trace elements on commercial water brand labels, and (iii) check for seasonal fluctuations in the levels of these trace elements in commercial and public water samples.
Methods
Duplicate samples from 20 commercial and six public tap water sources were collected once in the summer and winter seasons. Water samples were evaluated for fluoride concentration using ion chromatography (IC), whereas copper and zinc concentrations were estimated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Results
The fluoride content of all commercial and public water samples was below the 0.25 mg/L detection limit of the IC instrument. Commercial water brands had copper and zinc levels below the ICP-MS detection limits (1.22 μg/L for copper and 0.24 μg/L for zinc). Copper levels in the public water samples ranged from <1.22 μg/L to 11 μg/L. Zinc levels in the public water samples ranged from 5 μg/L to 40 μg/L. Thirteen commercial water brands labelled their fluoride content, with most showing labelled fluoride levels <0.1 mg/L, consistent with the results of this study. The difference in trace element content between the summer and winter water samples was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
Lower optimal cariostatic trace element content in the drinking water in Qatar could be a reason for the exceptionally high prevalence of dental caries. The results of this study could lead to public health advocacy for supplementing drinking water in Qatar with cariostatic trace elements that could potentially lower the prevalence of dental caries.
{"title":"Content of cariostatic trace elements (F, Cu, and Zn) in the commercially packaged and public tap waters of Qatar","authors":"Hissa Al-Ansari , Hend Al-Qashouti , Roudha Al-Neama , Aisha Al-Moadhadi , Hani Nazzal , Nebu Philip","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Drinking water containing optimal levels of cariostatic trace elements is an effective preventive approach against community-wide dental caries. This study aimed to (i) determine the concentrations of fluoride, copper, and zinc in commercially packaged and public tap water available in Qatar, (ii) assess the accuracy of the content of these cariostatic trace elements on commercial water brand labels, and (iii) check for seasonal fluctuations in the levels of these trace elements in commercial and public water samples.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Duplicate samples from 20 commercial and six public tap water sources were collected once in the summer and winter seasons. Water samples were evaluated for fluoride concentration using ion chromatography (IC), whereas copper and zinc concentrations were estimated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The fluoride content of all commercial and public water samples was below the 0.25 mg/L detection limit of the IC instrument. Commercial water brands had copper and zinc levels below the ICP-MS detection limits (1.22 μg/L for copper and 0.24 μg/L for zinc). Copper levels in the public water samples ranged from <1.22 μg/L to 11 μg/L. Zinc levels in the public water samples ranged from 5 μg/L to 40 μg/L. Thirteen commercial water brands labelled their fluoride content, with most showing labelled fluoride levels <0.1 mg/L, consistent with the results of this study. The difference in trace element content between the summer and winter water samples was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> > 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Lower optimal cariostatic trace element content in the drinking water in Qatar could be a reason for the exceptionally high prevalence of dental caries. The results of this study could lead to public health advocacy for supplementing drinking water in Qatar with cariostatic trace elements that could potentially lower the prevalence of dental caries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 10","pages":"Pages 1321-1325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.013
Cristina Valeri , Angelo Aloisio , Giuseppe Marzo , Gianmarco Costigliola , Vincenzo Quinzi
Background
Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) address challenges in traditional orthodontic anchorage like patient compliance and precision, showing significantly improved clinical outcomes, particularly for cases requiring maximum anchorage.
Materials and Methods
A systematic electronic search was performed in five research databases, focusing on studies published between 2015 and 2023. The ROBINS-I tool from the Cochrane Bias Methods Group assessed the risk of bias. Data analysis included categorical and numerical variables, with categorical variables analyzed using Cohen’s method in a random effects model to account for variability. Sensitivity and heterogeneity were evaluated using a ’leave-one-out’ approach and the statistic, respectively. At the same time, publication bias was checked using Egger’s test, with findings presented through Forest and Funnel plots. Numerical variables were subjected to weighted regression analysis.
Results
Examination of 15 studies involving 1981 patients and 3272 orthodontic mini-implants identified key factors affecting implant stability. Failure rates varied significantly, influenced by factors such as the characteristics and insertion site of the orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs), patient-specific variables, and operator experience. Notably, the insertion site and implant characteristics like size did not significantly affect failure rates, but there was a negative correlation between the magnitude of force applied and failure rates.
Conclusion
The success of orthodontic mini-implants is broadly consistent across patient demographics and is not significantly impacted by gender or age, though failure rates were higher in males and when implants were placed in the maxilla. These findings suggest that higher applied forces might reduce failure rates.
Clinical Significance
This review underlines mini-implant efficacy across varied patient demographics, emphasizing the importance of site selection, jaw location, and force application in enhancing success rates and guiding tailored treatment strategies.
{"title":"What is the impact of patient attributes, implant characteristics, surgical techniques, and placement location on the success of orthodontic mini-implants in young adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Cristina Valeri , Angelo Aloisio , Giuseppe Marzo , Gianmarco Costigliola , Vincenzo Quinzi","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3><strong>Background</strong></h3><p>Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) address challenges in traditional orthodontic anchorage like patient compliance and precision, showing significantly improved clinical outcomes, particularly for cases requiring maximum anchorage.</p></div><div><h3><strong>Materials and Method</strong><strong>s</strong></h3><p>A systematic electronic search was performed in five research databases, focusing on studies published between 2015 and 2023. The ROBINS-I tool from the Cochrane Bias Methods Group assessed the risk of bias. Data analysis included categorical and numerical variables, with categorical variables analyzed using Cohen’s method in a random effects model to account for variability. Sensitivity and heterogeneity were evaluated using a ’leave-one-out’ approach and the <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> statistic, respectively. At the same time, publication bias was checked using Egger’s test, with findings presented through Forest and Funnel plots. Numerical variables were subjected to weighted regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3><strong>Results</strong></h3><p>Examination of 15 studies involving 1981 patients and 3272 orthodontic mini-implants identified key factors affecting implant stability. Failure rates varied significantly, influenced by factors such as the characteristics and insertion site of the orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs), patient-specific variables, and operator experience. Notably, the insertion site and implant characteristics like size did not significantly affect failure rates, but there was a negative correlation between the magnitude of force applied and failure rates.</p></div><div><h3><strong>Conclusion</strong></h3><p>The success of orthodontic mini-implants is broadly consistent across patient demographics and is not significantly impacted by gender or age, though failure rates were higher in males and when implants were placed in the maxilla. These findings suggest that higher applied forces might reduce failure rates.</p></div><div><h3><strong>Clinical Significance</strong></h3><p>This review underlines mini-implant efficacy across varied patient demographics, emphasizing the importance of site selection, jaw location, and force application in enhancing success rates and guiding tailored treatment strategies.</p><p>PROSPERO ID CRD42023411955.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 1149-1159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224002104/pdfft?md5=48b0cc838fd08de7bf572f569788d480&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224002104-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-03DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.015
Ahmed A. Zahrani
Background and objectives
Derum, the bark of walnut tree (Juglans regia) has been used as a traditional tooth cleanser and chewed for its ability to bestow purple color to oral mucosa, tongue and lips Studies have shown that derum extract could affect oral epithelium after long term exposure, causing dysplasia. The aim of this in-vivo study was to evaluate the degree of epithelial dysplasia caused by varying durations and frequencies of topical derum application on oral mucosa of rabbits.
Materials and Methods
Following ethical approval, derum extract was applied to the buccal vestibule of New Zealand white rabbits over three different periods (60 days, 120 days, 180 days) and two different protocols were used (daily application and once every 3 days). Accordingly, the animals were divided into four groups (A – daily derum application/B – derum applied once in 3 days/C – Positive control and acetone applied every alternate day/D – negative control), and three batches (I – 60 days/II – 120 days/III – 180 days). The animals were sacrificed, and oral biopsies prepared and examined under light microscope. The magnitude of epithelial changes was evaluated using epithelial atypia index (EAI) based on Smith and Pindborg histological grading system (1969) for epithelial dysplasia.
Results
Mild dysplastic changes were detected in animals treated with derum extract regardless of the period of application. Similar results were noted among positive control group, and highest score was recorded in group A followed by group B with high tendency towards long-term derum application. Moderate changes were encountered only in group A that received derum for 180 days. Statistically, long-term derum application (180 days / Batch III in groups A and B), irrespective of the frequency of application, resulted in significantly higher mean EAI scores than all other groups or batches.
Conclusion
Based on this study, prolonged and frequent use of derum can induce dysplastic changes in rabbit oral mucosa, ranging from mild to moderate dysplasia. Further studies with extended times of exposure of derum to oral mucosa are recommended to document these adverse effects as an evidence base.
{"title":"The effect of derum (bark of Juglans regia tree) extract on oral mucosa: An in vivo study based on epithelial atypia in rabbit model","authors":"Ahmed A. Zahrani","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>Derum, the bark of walnut tree (<em>Juglans regia</em>) has been used as a traditional tooth cleanser and chewed for its ability to bestow purple color to oral mucosa, tongue and lips Studies have shown that derum extract could affect oral epithelium after long term exposure, causing dysplasia. The aim of this in-vivo study was to evaluate the degree of epithelial dysplasia caused by varying durations and frequencies of topical derum application on oral mucosa of rabbits.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Following ethical approval, derum extract was applied to the buccal vestibule of New Zealand white rabbits over three different periods (60 days, 120 days, 180 days) and two different protocols were used (daily application and once every 3 days). Accordingly, the animals were divided into four groups (A – daily derum application/B – derum applied once in 3 days/C – Positive control and acetone applied every alternate day/D – negative control), and three batches (I – 60 days/II – 120 days/III – 180 days). The animals were sacrificed, and oral biopsies prepared and examined under light microscope. The magnitude of epithelial changes was evaluated using epithelial atypia index (EAI) based on Smith and Pindborg histological grading system (1969) for epithelial dysplasia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mild dysplastic changes were detected in animals treated with derum extract regardless of the period of application. Similar results were noted among positive control group, and highest score was recorded in group A followed by group B with high tendency towards long-term derum application. Moderate changes were encountered only in group A that received derum for 180 days. Statistically, long-term derum application (180 days / Batch III in groups A and B), irrespective of the frequency of application, resulted in significantly higher mean EAI scores than all other groups or batches.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Based on this study, prolonged and frequent use of derum can induce dysplastic changes in rabbit oral mucosa, ranging from mild to moderate dysplasia. Further studies with extended times of exposure of derum to oral mucosa are recommended to document these adverse effects as an evidence base.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 1233-1240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224002141/pdfft?md5=cc809f207e4473442e35adbdbdd544af&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224002141-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142086794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.017
Hajer A. Aldulaijan
Introduction
In recent times, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are frequently prescribed to manage acid reflux and to aid in completion of course of medication, which cause gastric irritation. Although this practice may minimize compliance to drug therapies and probably prevent development of drug resistance, the adverse effects of chronic PPI use have to be assessed. Inadvertent chronic use of PPIs has been found to inhibit normal gastrointestinal microbiome and even bone metabolism. The current study aimed to review available evidence based literature to understand the beneficial effects of PPIs weighed against their adversities with respect to periodontal and peri-implant health.
Materials and Methods
The search strategy was followed according to the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. Proton pump inhibitors, periodontal disease, dental implant (DI) and bone osseointegration were used as key MESH terms to search and select the required articles for review. While primary inclusion criteria were original researches, published in English, between 2014 to till-date, case reports, reviews and editorial communications were excluded.
Results
The overall search strategy resulted in 445 articles. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria 37 articles were selected. Scrutinizing the abstracts for relevance, 17 publications were finally selected for review. This included three in vivo animal studies evaluating DI osseointegration and 14 retrospective clinical studies (nine in patients with dental implants, four in patients with periodontitis and one evaluating bone quality using panoramic radiographs).
Conclusion
Findings from this systematic review revealed a plausible relationship between chronic PPI use and poor peri-implant bone health leading to early DI failure, and mandibular osteoporotic changes. On the contrary, use of PPI among patients with periodontitis, resulted in an improvement in periodontal health and reduction in periodontal disease severity.
导言：近来，质子泵抑制剂（PPI）经常被用于控制胃酸倒流和帮助完成对胃有刺激作用的药物疗程。虽然这种做法可以最大限度地减少对药物疗法的依从性，并可能防止耐药性的产生，但必须对长期使用质子泵抑制剂的不良影响进行评估。研究发现，无意中长期使用 PPIs 会抑制正常的胃肠道微生物群，甚至会影响骨代谢。本研究旨在回顾现有的循证文献，以了解 PPIs 对牙周和种植体周围健康的有利影响和不利影响。将质子泵抑制剂、牙周病、牙种植体（DI）和骨结合作为关键 MESH 术语进行搜索，并选择所需的文章进行综述。主要纳入标准为 2014 年至今用英语发表的原创性研究文章，病例报告、综述和编辑通讯则被排除在外。根据纳入和排除标准，共筛选出 37 篇文章。在对摘要进行相关性审查后，最终选择了 17 篇文章进行审查。其中包括三项评估 DI 骨整合的体内动物研究和 14 项回顾性临床研究（九项针对牙科植入物患者，四项针对牙周炎患者，一项使用全景 X 光片评估骨质）。相反，牙周炎患者使用 PPI 可改善牙周健康，减轻牙周疾病的严重程度。
{"title":"Impact of proton pump inhibitors on periodontal health – A systematic review","authors":"Hajer A. Aldulaijan","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In recent times, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are frequently prescribed to manage acid reflux and to aid in completion of course of medication, which cause gastric irritation. Although this practice may minimize compliance to drug therapies and probably prevent development of drug resistance, the adverse effects of chronic PPI use have to be assessed. Inadvertent chronic use of PPIs has been found to inhibit normal gastrointestinal microbiome and even bone metabolism. The current study aimed to review available evidence based literature to understand the beneficial effects of PPIs weighed against their adversities with respect to periodontal and peri-implant health.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>The search strategy was followed according to the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. Proton pump inhibitors, periodontal disease, dental implant (DI) and bone osseointegration were used as key MESH terms to search and select the required articles for review. While primary inclusion criteria were original researches, published in English, between 2014 to till-date, case reports, reviews and editorial communications were excluded.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall search strategy resulted in 445 articles. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria 37 articles were selected. Scrutinizing the abstracts for relevance, 17 publications were finally selected for review. This included three in vivo animal studies evaluating DI osseointegration and 14 retrospective clinical studies (nine in patients with dental implants, four in patients with periodontitis and one evaluating bone quality using panoramic radiographs).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Findings from this systematic review revealed a plausible relationship between chronic PPI use and poor peri-implant bone health leading to early DI failure, and mandibular osteoporotic changes. On the contrary, use of PPI among patients with periodontitis, resulted in an improvement in periodontal health and reduction in periodontal disease severity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 1160-1169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S101390522400213X/pdfft?md5=2619130736bd57bef3248d9594eb52cf&pid=1-s2.0-S101390522400213X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.013
Objectives
This study aimed to compare the effect of four decontamination methods on the level of residual contaminants in the re-usage of dental healing abutments.
Materials and methods
In this experimental study, 50 used healing abutments were divided into five groups of ten as follows: 1. Control group: healing abutments were submerged in the ultrasonic device then autoclaved at 121 °C for 15 min; 2. Hypochlorite group: Same procedure as the control group, but the healing abutments were additionally immersed in 3 % hypochlorite for 20 min; 3. Chlorhexidine group: Same procedure as the control group, but the healing abutments were additionally treated with 12 % chlorhexidine; 4. Air polishing group: Same procedure as the control group, but the healing abutments were subjected to air polishing; 5. Hydrogen peroxide group: Same procedure as the control group, but the healing abutments were additionally exposed to 3 % hydrogen peroxide. Then, all healing abutments were stained with a protein-specific stain, Phloxine B. Five photographs were taken of each healing abutment, with four capturing the body (shank)and one capturing the top. All images were analysed, to measure the stained (contaminated) areas of each sample. The obtained data were analysed using statistical software (significance set at p < 0.05).
Results
The one-way ANOVA test indicated that the average percentage of contamination residues on the occlusal surface did not show a significant difference among the five groups: control: 5.5 ± 2.8, sodium hypochlorite: 4.9 ± 2.5, Chlorhexidine: 5.3 ± 2.5, air polisher: 3.1 ± 1.8 and Hydrogen peroxide: 4.8 ± 3.1. (p = 0.26). The average percentage of residual contamination on the body surfaces (shank part) was significantly lower in the air polisher (1.7 ± 1.1) and sodium hypochlorite (2.4 ± 1.1) groups compared to the other three groups (Control: 6.1 ± 2.3, Hydrogen peroxide: 4.6 ± 0.7, Chlorhexidine: 5.4 ± 2.4) (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that the use of sodium hypochlorite and air polishing, alongside autoclaving and ultrasonic cleaning, effectively reduced residual contamination on the body surfaces of healing abutments.
{"title":"A comparison of four decontamination procedures in Reusing healing abutments: An in vitro study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to compare the effect of four decontamination methods on the level of residual contaminants in the re-usage of dental healing abutments.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>In this experimental study, 50 used healing abutments were divided into five groups of ten as follows: 1. Control group: healing abutments were submerged in the ultrasonic device then autoclaved at 121 °C for 15 min; 2. Hypochlorite group: Same procedure as the control group, but the healing abutments were additionally immersed in 3 % hypochlorite for 20 min; 3. Chlorhexidine group: Same procedure as the control group, but the healing abutments were additionally treated with 12 % chlorhexidine; 4. Air polishing group: Same procedure as the control group, but the healing abutments were subjected to air polishing; 5. Hydrogen peroxide group: Same procedure as the control group, but the healing abutments were additionally exposed to 3 % hydrogen peroxide. Then, all healing abutments were stained with a protein-specific stain, Phloxine B. Five photographs were taken of each healing abutment, with four capturing the body (shank)and one capturing the top. All images were analysed, to measure the stained (contaminated) areas of each sample. The obtained data were analysed using statistical software (significance set at p < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The one-way ANOVA test indicated that the average percentage of contamination residues on the occlusal surface did not show a significant difference among the five groups: control: 5.5 ± 2.8, sodium hypochlorite: 4.9 ± 2.5, Chlorhexidine: 5.3 ± 2.5, air polisher: 3.1 ± 1.8 and Hydrogen peroxide: 4.8 ± 3.1. (p = 0.26). The average percentage of residual contamination on the body surfaces (shank part) was significantly lower in the air polisher (1.7 ± 1.1) and sodium hypochlorite (2.4 ± 1.1) groups compared to the other three groups (Control: 6.1 ± 2.3, Hydrogen peroxide: 4.6 ± 0.7, Chlorhexidine: 5.4 ± 2.4) (p < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results of this study showed that the use of sodium hypochlorite and air polishing, alongside autoclaving and ultrasonic cleaning, effectively reduced residual contamination on the body surfaces of healing abutments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 8","pages":"Pages 1141-1145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224001809/pdfft?md5=53bafce71f0c3282e960f6d9c8731db0&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224001809-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141404508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.05.011
Background
The placement of immediate dental implants intrinsically displays crestal gaps, which may compromise implant osseointegration. Several grafting materials have been used to overcome this issue. Of the available materials, the use of bone cement is relatively new in oral implantology. This study aimed to examine the available literature on the utilization of bone cements in immediate placement of dental implants and assess its potential in oral implantology.
Objectives
To synthesize evidence for appraising the impact of bone cements on implant stability and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) of dental implants placed immediately after extraction in humans and animals after 3 months of healing from tooth extraction.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect for relevant studies published from inception to September 2021 using relevant search terms. Of the 1624 studies, 4 were selected for this systematic review.
Results
Three of the four studies concluded that bone cements enhanced implant stability and/or BIC with better quality and/or quantity of bone surrounding the immediate dental implant. The conclusion drawn by one article remained indecisive. Meta-analysis could not be performed owing to the presence of substantial heterogeneity.
Conclusion
Bone cement is a promising treatment alternative as it augments implant stability and/or BIC in immediate dental implants. Nonetheless, further prospective human clinical trials are required to establish its clinical effectiveness and arrive at a definitive conclusion to recommend its clinical use.
{"title":"Immediate implant placement and simultaneous bone grafting with bone cement in extraction sockets: A systematic review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The placement of immediate dental implants intrinsically displays crestal gaps, which may compromise implant osseointegration. Several grafting materials have been used to overcome this issue. Of the available materials, the use of bone cement is relatively new in oral implantology. This study aimed to examine the available literature on the utilization of bone cements in immediate placement of dental implants and assess its potential in oral implantology.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To synthesize evidence for appraising the impact of bone cements on implant stability and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) of dental implants placed immediately after extraction in humans and animals after 3 months of healing from tooth extraction.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect for relevant studies published from inception to September 2021 using relevant search terms. Of the 1624 studies, 4 were selected for this systematic review.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three of the four studies concluded that bone cements enhanced implant stability and/or BIC with better quality and/or quantity of bone surrounding the immediate dental implant. The conclusion drawn by one article remained indecisive. Meta-analysis could not be performed owing to the presence of substantial heterogeneity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Bone cement is a promising treatment alternative as it augments implant stability and/or BIC in immediate dental implants. Nonetheless, further prospective human clinical trials are required to establish its clinical effectiveness and arrive at a definitive conclusion to recommend its clinical use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 8","pages":"Pages 1051-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224001676/pdfft?md5=4ad58874b5f5f9f6b08a816b00f99fdc&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224001676-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141131160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.011
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacies levels of four cleaning solutions for removing debris from rotary Nickel-Titanium (Ni–Ti) endodontic instruments.
Materials and methods
Twelve instruments that fractured during ex vivo instrumentation were used. Fractured surfaces were investigated by SEM before and after 3, 6 and 9 min of ultrasonic cleaning in 17 % EDTA.3NaOH (Group A), 2.5 % NaOCl (Group B), Dentasept 3H Rapide (Group C) and ZymeX™ (Group D) solutions. EDS analyses of selected files from all four groups of untreated and ultrasonically cleaned samples were performed to assess the elemental composition of the alloy surfaces.
Results
SEM analysis revealed that after 9 min of ultrasonic agitation, all four investigated solutions had cleaned fractured surfaces. However, some low-atomic-number regions exhibited random distributions on the fractured surfaces. EDS analyses indicated that only C was retained on surface after 9 min of ultrasonic cleaning. This finding was common in all tested groups.
Conclusions
All four investigated solutions substantially removed debris from the surfaces of the Ni–Ti files and were considered appropriate for clinical practice.
{"title":"A SEM/EDS evaluation of debris removal of used rotary Ni-Ti endodontic files by four different cleaning solutions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The aim of this study was to compare the efficacies levels of four cleaning solutions for removing debris from rotary Nickel-Titanium (Ni–Ti) endodontic instruments.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Twelve instruments that fractured during ex vivo instrumentation were used. Fractured surfaces were investigated by SEM before and after 3, 6 and 9 min of ultrasonic cleaning in 17 % EDTA.3NaOH (Group A), 2.5 % NaOCl (Group B), Dentasept 3H Rapide (Group C) and ZymeX™ (Group D) solutions. EDS analyses of selected files from all four groups of untreated and ultrasonically cleaned samples were performed to assess the elemental composition of the alloy surfaces.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>SEM analysis revealed that after 9 min of ultrasonic agitation, all four investigated solutions had cleaned fractured surfaces. However, some low-atomic-number regions exhibited random distributions on the fractured surfaces. EDS analyses indicated that only C was retained on surface after 9 min of ultrasonic cleaning. This finding was common in all tested groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>All four investigated solutions substantially removed debris from the surfaces of the Ni–Ti files and were considered appropriate for clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 8","pages":"Pages 1086-1092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224001792/pdfft?md5=863dfa6c6763e17ca5b12e444e7796ca&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224001792-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.05.006
Phytic acid (inositol hexaphosphate/IP6) is a versatile chemical that is abundant in nature and is required for a variety of biological processes. It is harnessed in a wide range of fields, including drug discovery, daily supplies, chemical industries, medicine, and dentistry. IP6 is becoming increasingly popular in dentistry, with promising results. Several properties, such as cariostatic ability, beneficial impact on enamel disintegration, and anti-plaque, anti-tartar, and dental adhesive-forming properties, have been investigated thus far. Due to many constraints in the literature, there was a point in time when IP6 received less attention, which impacted knowledge in this field. Nevertheless, the positive outcomes of the flourishing of IP6 have recently been reconsidered from a number of papers that have improved our understanding of its modes of action in the aforementioned applications. The role of phytic acid in refining the properties and manoeuvring of dental resources is being investigated in novel endeavors in treating diseases of pulp and tissues supporting tooth structure, but to show its novel therapeutic potential, more precisely calibrated clinical trials are needed. This review examines and discusses the various uses proposed in the literature, as well as the applications of IP6 in dentistry.
{"title":"Oracle of phytic acid in dental panacea – Insight into properties, therapeutic effect, regeneration, materials interaction and oral physiology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phytic acid (inositol hexaphosphate/IP6) is a versatile chemical that is abundant in nature and is required for a variety of biological processes. It is harnessed in a wide range of fields, including drug discovery, daily supplies, chemical industries, medicine, and dentistry. IP6 is becoming increasingly popular in dentistry, with promising results. Several properties, such as cariostatic ability, beneficial impact on enamel disintegration, and anti-plaque, anti-tartar, and dental adhesive-forming properties, have been investigated thus far. Due to many constraints in the literature, there was a point in time when IP6 received less attention, which impacted knowledge in this field. Nevertheless, the positive outcomes of the flourishing of IP6 have recently been reconsidered from a number of papers that have improved our understanding of its modes of action in the aforementioned applications. The role of phytic acid in refining the properties and manoeuvring of dental resources is being investigated in novel endeavors in treating diseases of pulp and tissues supporting tooth structure, but to show its novel therapeutic potential, more precisely calibrated clinical trials are needed. This review examines and discusses the various uses proposed in the literature, as well as the applications of IP6 in dentistry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"36 8","pages":"Pages 1093-1096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224001524/pdfft?md5=dc67c9c374b5262727df3361b3d742f1&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224001524-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141029383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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