Saudi Dental Journal最新文献

Objective

This study aimed to classify the crowns of maxillary central incisors into distinct categories and to examine the associations between these crown forms and morphometric characteristics in an ethnically diverse Asian population. This is significant for the treatment planning and management of cases, especially for the anterior teeth, from the restorative and aesthetic points of view.

Method and Materials

Clinical measurements and photographic data were collected from 160 participants, comprising students, staff, and patients of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The crown length, crown width, contact surface, papilla height, papilla fill, keratinized mucosa width, and gingival tissue thickness were measured. Cluster analyses were performed to identify the different crown form categories and corresponding characteristics.

Results

The mean crown width measured 7.093 ± 0.637 mm, while the mean crown length was 10.209 ± 0.966 mm. Three crown-form clusters were identified: triangular (50 %), square/tapered (23.1 %), and square (26.9 %) shapes. The triangular cluster had a significantly higher mean papilla height (4.64 mm ± 0.818) and the highest incidence of incomplete papilla fill (17.5 %). The chi-squared test showed a significant difference in crown forms between the different ethnicities, χ2 (2, 160) = 0.033.

Conclusion

Within this diverse Asian population, the crown form demonstrates three clusters: triangular, square/tapered, and square, characterized by a notably small average crown width and crown length. Most participants predominantly exhibited triangular crown forms with reduced crown width, crown length, and crown width/ crown length ratio. Furthermore, noticeable variations in crown forms and their morphometric attributes were observed among the three ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese, and Indians.

Albumin is the most abundant protein in human serum and a specific amount of albumin also can be found in the saliva. It has several physiological functions such as blood colloidal osmotic pressure, antioxidant activity, binding and transporting of endogenous and exogenous substrates. We conducted an electronic search across several databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase and Science Direct using the relevant MeSH terms and keywords like “albumin”, “serum albumin”, “salivary albumin”, “oral health” “dental caries” and “epidemiology”. Only the epidemiological studies published between 2010 and 2023 were included. After the application of the inclusion criteria, a total of 51 studied were included in this narrative review. Serum and salivary albumin tests have been used in various aspects of oral health as a diagnostic and prognostic factor. Some of the results point out to a pattern of association while some of them are inconclusive and even contradictory. This narrative review discusses the role, significance and impact of albumin in epidemiological oral health related studies including the categories of periodontal health and disease, dental caries, oral function and hypofunction, nutrition and malnutrition, tooth loss and its treatment, diabetes and cancer. In addition, it offers a short manual for the researchers on when, where and how to use albumin tests in planning their study designs whether investigating an association or measure them as a covariate.

Objective

To determine the “biocompatibility” of a soft denture liner impregnated with apigenin and seashell nanoparticles via histopathological assessment in rabbit models.

Materials and Methods

Twenty-six albino rabbits aged 5–7 months and weighing, 1.25–1.5 kg were randomly divided into apigenin and seashell-modified groups, n = 13 each). A total of 104 disc-shaped specimens (3 mm thick and 5 mm in diameter) of a heat-cured soft liner, (GC, USA) were prepared. In the apigenin group, each rabbit was subcutaneously implanted with 4 specimens: (positive control, unmodified-liner, and 0.25 %, 0.5 %, and 1 % of apigenin-modified liner). In the seashell group, rabbits were implanted with positive control and 1.25 %, 2.5 % and 5 % seashell-modified liner. A non-implanted incision was performed for all the groups as a negative control. Histopathological observations were evaluated according to inflammatory and angiogenesis scores 14 days after implantation.

Results

A significant decrease in inflammatory responses and an increase in angiogenesis were observed for both apigenin and seashell-modified soft liner groups. Higher compatibility effectiveness was positively related to and recorded in the increased ratios of nanoparticles within the soft liner material.

Conclusion

Apigenin and seashell-modified soft liners at higher ratios 1% and 5% respectively were more compatible with the rabbit mucosa.

Mandibular crowding is the most common type of dental crowding among adolescents.

Aims

To investigate the relationship between the angulation pattern of impacted mandibular third molars and the severity of mandibular anterior crowding.

Methodology

A total of 69 participants with impacted mandibular third molars were included in the study, and their records were analysed.

Results

There was no significant association between impacted mandibular third molars’ angulation pattern and mandibular anterior crowding severity, as well as no correlation between gender and either impacted mandibular third molars’ angulation pattern or mandibular anterior crowding severity.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that the angulation pattern of impacted mandibular third molars is not a significant contributing factor to the severity of mandibular anterior crowding. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to validate these results.

Objective

This study assessed the demographic characteristics of the periodontal workforce in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

This was a retrospective study of periodontists practicing in Saudi Arabia from January 2000 through May 2023. The data were requested from the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties and included the number of periodontists and dentists, the number of Saudi and non-Saudi periodontists, the sex distribution of periodontists, their ranking, and the geographic distribution across the 13 regions.

Results

This study identified 700 practicing periodontists, representing 2.2 periodontists per 100,000 people. Consultant periodontists composed 31% of the population, mostly Saudi nationals. Approximately 53% of practicing periodontists resided in Saudi Arabia, mostly in the Riyadh, Makkah, and Eastern Provinces. Al Bahah, Najran, and the Northern Borders had fewer periodontists.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable insights into shaping the periodontal workforce in Saudi Arabia. Future studies on the factors related to the periodontology workforce can assist policymakers in implementing effective strategies to significantly improve the current workforce.

Objectives

This cross-sectional study aimed to compare, by using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology among patients with degenerative joint disease (DJD) with or without arthralgia, as well as a control group. Methods: Thirty-one patients and their respective CBCT TMJ exams were assessed. These individuals were selected from an Orofacial Pain Service and classified into three groups based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD): group 1 (10 patients with TMJ DJD and arthralgia), group 2 (11 patients with TMJ DJD without pain), and group 3 (the control group, consisting of 10 healthy individuals without any signs or symptoms of TMD). A second examiner, who was calibrated and blinded for the patient's diagnosis, evaluated the CBCT images. Results: Group 1 showed a statistically significant association with the variables of erosion (p = 0.003) and osteophyte (p = 0.04) on the condyle surface, as well as concentric condyle position with reduced joint space (p = 0.01). The Kappa concordance index between the clinical diagnosis of DC/TMD and CBCT images was k = 0.134 (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The presence of erosion, osteophyte, and concentric condyle position with reduced joint space was statistically associated with DJD and ongoing TMJ joint pain.

Background

To our knowledge, no systematic review assessed and gathered information about the prevalence of impacted canines among the Saudi population. The purpose of this study was to critically assess the previously published studies about the prevalence of canine impaction according to impaction type (buccal/ palatal), gender (male/female), and location (maxillary/mandibular, right/left), are among the Saudi population.

Methods

PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, the Web of Science, Dimensions, and Semantic Scholar databases were searched systemically for articles related to the topic of the study published between 1987 and 2022. The PRISMA statements were used to conduct a systematic review with the help of the Best Practice for Survey and the Public Opinion Research scales by the American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR) to assess and evaluate the selected studies’ quality.

Results

The initial search of the databases yielded 221 articles. After discarding duplicates, 161 were selected for further evaluation. Eventually, 16 articles were selected for inclusion in this study. Regarding the quality of the selected articles, all articles, except one, were of high quality. Only one was of medium quality.

Conclusion

It was found that the incidence of palatal canine impactions was higher than buccal impactions. Females had a higher prevalence of canine impactions as compared to males. There were more canine impactions in the maxilla than the mandible and more on the left side than the right one.

Background

The number of reports of dental malpractice cases has been increasing in recent years. The purpose of this study was to assess the data and outcomes related to dental malpractice claims in Madina City, Saudi Arabia.

Methods

This study conducts a retrospective study of dental malpractice claims in Madina city, Saudi Arabia assessing 97 cases of dental malpractice claims from the year 2016 to 2022.

Results

the study showed that the highest percentage of cases (29.9%) were reported guilty in the year 2021. with the highest number of claims (30%) related to the prosthodontic specialty. Most of the cases were against general practitioners (64.9%). Most of the cases (71.1%) lacked signed informed consent.

Conclusion

To decrease the number of dental claims, valuing specialties and obtaining informed consent should be considered by all dentists.

Introduction

The behavior of periodontal clinical indicators in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are not clearly defined. It’s even considered that high-risk cases for NAFLD are currently underreported or not identified in a timely manner. The aim of the study is to elucidate the interaction of periodontal clinical indicators in MetS and NAFLD. Materials and methods: 336 patients were eligible because they met the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syn-drome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Those selected were randomly selected for a cross-sectional study. Metabolic status and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were measured using the MetS Metabolic Syndrome Diagnostic Criteria (NCEP/ATP-III) and laboratory tests, respectively. In addition, periodontal clinical indicators were evaluated: probing depth, clinical attachment, plaque index and gingival bleeding.

Results

The association for NAFLD and probing depth was p = 0.736. The association for MetS and probing depth was p = 0.598. For NAFLD and clinical attachment loss, the association was p = 0.751. For MetS and clinical attachment loss, the association was p = 0.435. The plaque index for MetS was p = 0.238. The plaque index for NAFLD was p = 0.269. The gingival bleeding association for NAFLD was p = 0.673 and for MetS was p = 0.522.

Conclusions

Periodontal clinical indicators of metabolic syndrome were as-sociated with elevated serum levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides. However, when comparing the values in NAFLD and MetS, a greater significance is evident in the first study group.

Background

The relationship between vitamin D deficiency with dental caries, periodontitis and oral cancer is controversial.

Objectives

This review aimed to systematically evaluate the published literature and summarise the available evidence about the impact of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) on the oral diseases mentioned above.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and ScienceDirect databases were used. The search terms included were vitamin D, caries, periodontitis, and oral cancer. All papers published between January 2017 and November 2022 were included. The PRISMA process was used for the screening and selection studies.

Results

Initially, 3001 studies were identified. However, after evaluating 46 full-text articles that explored the link between VDD and caries, periodontitis, and oral cancer, only 32 studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Among these, 15 studies focused on caries, 16 on periodontitis, and only one on oral cancer. Regarding study quality and risk of bias, 25 out of the 32 studies were deemed to have low risk. A total of 12 studies on periodontitis showed the impact of VDD.

Conclusion

The review highlights that most evidence suggests an association between VDD and periodontitis. However, findings concerning the association between VDD and dental caries were controversial. Thus, further research is required to clarify the impacts of VDD on caries and oral cancer.