Saudi Dental Journal最新文献

One of the main goals in pediatric dentistry is to perform effective treatments with minimal intervention and in the shortest possible time. New restorative materials for primary teeth, such as Cention-N, may overcome the mechanical limitations of Glass-Ionomer Cement (GIC). This study systematically reviews the shear bond strength (SBS) and micro-leakage of GIC and Cention-N in primary teeth. This research was conducted as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Comprehensive searches were carried out in reputable databases including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane up to December 2024. Relevant in vitro studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected and assessed using the QUIN checklist. Data were analyzed with CMA software. The I² test evaluated heterogeneity, and the Begg test detected publication bias. Out of 179 articles identified, 12 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Ten of these were eligible for meta-analysis. The results showed that the SBS of Cention-N was significantly higher than that of GIC when bonding agents were used (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD]: 5.61; 95% CI: -6.99 to -4.23; P < 0.001). Additionally, micro-leakage of Cention-N was significantly lower compared to GIC under the same conditions (SMD: 1.7; 95% CI: 0.85 to 2.54; P < 0.001). Cention-N, with its superior mechanical properties and reduced micro-leakage when bonding agents were used, appears to be a promising option for primary tooth restorations, especially in stress-bearing areas.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Saudi coffee consumption in comparison to various types of commonly used coffees (instant black, Turkish, and espresso) on the color of novel aesthetic dental ceramics. A total of 144 flat cylindrical discs with an 8-mm diameter and 0.5-mm thickness were created using CAD/CAM technology. Three ceramic materials were used: Lithium disilicate (Emax) and two ultra-translucent monolithic zirconia ceramics; Aidite and Cercon Xt (Cer). The specimens were immersed in six coffee solutions: Saudi coffee from eastern region (ES), Saudi coffee from northern region (SN), Saudi coffee from middle region (SM), instant black coffee (Ne), Turkish coffee (Tk) and espresso coffee (Es). All specimens (n = 8) were immersed for a period of 15 days. The color of all specimens was measured before and after immersion, and the CIE L*a* b* coordinates were obtained with a spectrophotometer. Values for the translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR) and color change (ΔE) for each specimen were calculated. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and one-way ANOVA and post hoc testing. Color coordinates L*, a* and b* significantly changed after immersion in all coffee solutions relative to pre-immersion values, with a noticeable decrease in lightness (L*) (P < .05). A significant color change (∆E) was observed in all tested materials in all coffee solutions after immersion, with ∆E values exceeding 5.26 (P < 0.05). Color changes (∆E) for specimens immersed in the three formulations of Saudi coffee were significantly less than those immersed in the other coffee solutions (P < 0.05). Saudi coffee with formulations from the northern region resulted in more color changes in Emax in comparisons to the other two Saudi coffee formulations from the middle and eastern regions. Aidite and Cer ceramics showed less TP values than Emax. Consumption of coffee for a period of simulated 1 year has significantly altered the color of ceramic materials to a level above the threshold at which the clinical perception of color change occurred (> 3.3). Saudi coffee consumption caused less changes in the color of tested ceramics in comparison to the consumption of commonly used coffees (instant black, turkish, and espresso).

Resin based dental composites offer significant benefits with regard to the minimally invasive management of dental caries. However, over a period of time such restorations may become susceptible to failure with secondary caries and marginal deterioration being common causes. A retrospective clinical study was conducted at the IMU University Oral Health Centre to assess the quality of direct resin composite restorations placed by dental undergraduates as judged by the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS), criteria. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and the causes of the failure of direct resin composite restorations in permanent teeth placed by dental undergraduate students using modified USPHS criteria to assess failure. A total of 76 restorations were evaluated in this study. Descriptive statistics were collected, and the Chi-square test (p < 0.05) was used to determine statistically significant differences. A total of 42.1% of the composite resin restorations in the study were considered satisfactory. Of the restorations regarded as failures, the causes were colour mismatch (39.4%), followed by marginal discolouration (21%) and then restoration fracture (14.5%). The operator's year of study (p = 0.039) and the number of restoration surfaces (p = 0.039) showed statistically significant associations with the quality of the restorations. Composite resin restorations performed by dental undergraduates exhibited high failure rates, which were primarily attributed to colour mismatches, marginal dis-colourations, or fractures of the restoration.

Introduction: Metastasis to the temporomandibular joint is an uncommon clinical entity that often mimics benign temporomandibular disorders, leading to diagnostic challenges. This systematic review aimed to consolidate the existing literature on temporomandibular joint metastasis to delineate its clinical and demographic characteristics, diagnostic pitfalls, and treatment approaches.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase electronic databases. Two independent reviewers screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts of 3,659 articles, ultimately selecting 47 articles encompassing 55 reported cases.

Results: The analysis revealed a mean patient age of 61.8 ± 13.99 years, with a slight female predominance. Lung and breast cancers were the most common primary sites, with adenocarcinoma being the predominant histopathological type. Clinically, pain, swelling, and restricted mouth opening were the most frequently observed symptoms, although a subset of patients presented with atypical features. Notably, in 49% of cases, TMJ metastasis was detected prior to the diagnosis of the primary malignancy. Multimodal treatment, incorporating combinations of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, was the most common therapeutic approach.

Introduction: One of the most conservative approaches to restoring teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment is the use of endocrowns. This study evaluated the marginal adaptation and fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars restored with endocrowns fabricated from translucent multi-layered zirconia ceramic following deep marginal elevation.

Methods: Eighteen freshly extracted intact human maxillary premolars were endodontically treated, and standard endocrown preparations were performed. Specimens were divided into two groups (n = 9 each) based on the location of the proximal margin. Group I: Butt-joint endocrown design with a cavity 2 mm in width and 1 mm above the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) prepared at the middle of the mesial surface (without deep marginal elevation). Group II: Butt-joint endocrown design with a cavity 2 mm in width and 2 mm below the CEJ prepared at the middle of the mesial surface. Deep marginal elevation (DME) was performed using composite resin. All endocrowns were fabricated from translucent multi-layered zirconia ceramic. Endocrowns were luted using dual-cure adhesive cement. Thermocycling was performed after incubating the samples in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h. Marginal adaptation was examined using a stereomicroscope (× 40) at three specific locations along the mesial border. Fracture resistance was assessed using a universal testing machine.

Results: No statistically significant difference was detected in marginal adaptation or fracture resistance between the two groups (p = 0.121 and 0.589, respectively). Catastrophic failure (fracture below the CEJ) was more frequently observed in both groups.

Conclusion: DME has no significant effect on either marginal adaptation or fracture resistance of premolars restored with multi-layered translucent zirconia endocrowns. DME slightly improved the failure mode.

Endodontic treatment failure can result from persistent bacteria, inadequate cleaning and sealing of root canals, and missed canals. The resilience of bacteria such as F. nucleatum and E. faecalis within the root canal system is a significant cause of failed endodontic treatment. Calcium hydroxide (CaOH), a widely utilized intracanal medicament, has demonstrated antimicrobial properties. However, its ability to consistently achieve culture-negative root canals after chemo-mechanical procedures remains inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of CaOH and BlueM gel against F. nucleatum and E. faecalis biofilms using dentin discs. Sterilized dentin discs were prepared from extracted human teeth. F. nucleatum and E. faecalis were grown on these discs and then treated with either CaOH or BlueM gel. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed by quantifying colony-forming unit counts. BlueM gel demonstrated significantly greater antimicrobial efficacy than CaOH against both F. nucleatum and E. faecalis biofilms. Both agents exhibited substantial antimicrobial activity against the biofilms. BlueM gel showed superior antimicrobial effectiveness against endodontic pathogens such as F. nucleatum and E. faecalis compared to CaOH.

Aim: The preset systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate neurosensory outcomes following permanent lingual nerve injury in the surgical removal of mandibular third molars.

Method: The international databases Cochrane, Embase, and MEDLINE (PubMed and Ovid) were searched for pertinent keywords until January 2025. Eight studies were included, and their risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Using a random effect model and limited maximum-likelihood techniques of 95 percent confidence intervals (CI), prevalence rates were employed as an effect size. Stata (version 17) was used for meta-analysis.

Result: The prevalence rate of somatosensory following lingual nerve injury after surgical removal of mandibular third molars was 5.58% (ES 5.58% 95% CI; 2.55%, 8.61%). The frequency of pain and gustatory was 36.78% and 3.52%, respectively.

Conclusion: According to the present meta-analysis, the incidence rate of neurosensory outcomes is high after the surgical removal of mandibular third molars and following permanent lingual nerve injury.

Introduction: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of dental implants, which can result in bone loss and possible implant failure. Given their potential antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, probiotics have been suggested as an adjuvant to Mechanical debridement in the treatment for peri-implantitis. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of probiotics as an adjuvant in non-surgical management of peri-implantitis.

Methods: A thorough literature search was carried out using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The search covered studies published between 2015 and 2024, utilizing search string including "probiotics," "peri-implantitis," "dental implants," "adjunctive therapy," "Non-surgical periodontal therapy" and "oral microbiota"."

Results: This review consolidates existing evidence regarding the use of probiotics as a beneficial adjunctive therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis, offering insights into their clinical significance, mechanisms of action, and potential drawbacks of the treatment protocol.

Conclusion: Probiotics may serve as a beneficial complement to traditional peri-implantitis treatments; however, additional high-quality research is necessary to confirm their effectiveness and long-term advantages.

Background: Oral health is an integral part of the overall health of the elderly, significantly impacting their physical, social, and psychological well-being. This study aimed to synthesize, summarize, and standardize the results of primary studies, resolve inconsistencies, examine the influence of potential factors, and estimate the global prevalence of dental caries in the elderly through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis covered studies published from 1991 to November 2024. Relevant articles were identified through searches in international databases, including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS), using appropriate keywords. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using the I² statistic. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 2.

Results: The initial search yielded 20,374 studies, of which 31 articles with a total sample size of 26,703 individuals met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The global prevalence of dental caries in the elderly was estimated at 60.7% (95% confidence interval: 54.6%-66.4%). The highest prevalence was observed in the Americas at 79.6% (95% CI: 34.8%-96.6%). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the prevalence of dental caries decreased with larger sample sizes, higher study quality, and older age, while it increased over time (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The findings indicate a high prevalence of dental caries among the elderly, particularly in the Americas, with an upward trend in recent years. It is recommended that health policymakers prioritize prevention and control measures for this condition.

This narrative review systematically examines the emerging role of natural bioactive substances in dental tissue biomineralization. Through comprehensive analysis of peer-reviewed literature (2000-2024) identified via PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using keywords including 'natural drugs,' 'biomineralization,' and 'dental restoration,' we evaluate three key aspects: (1) the limitations of current restorative materials (composite resins, adhesives); (2) the mechanisms of natural compounds (collagen protection, mineral deposition, demineralization inhibition); and (3) clinical translation challenges. Our analysis reveals that plant-derived flavonoids, polyphenols, and bioactive peptides show particular promise for enhancing remineralization while addressing toxicity concerns. The review concludes by proposing a research framework for developing next-generation bioactive restorative materials, highlighting knowledge gaps in long-term stability and standardized protocols.