Pub Date : 2020-10-30DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2020.1839375
A. Khan, I. Rana, Adnan Nawaz, A. Waheed
ABSTRACT School emergency preparedness must be enhanced to save the lives of children and reduce adverse impacts on the school education system. The gender dimension of school-going children can help understand and assess the dynamics of vulnerabilities in school settings. This paper quantifies gender-based knowledge about emergency preparedness for a crisis. Gilgit city, a multi-hazard prone area in Northern Pakistan, was taken as a case study area. Slovin’s sampling method was employed to estimate the minimum required sample size. The data was collected using structured questionnaires, and a total of 486 samples were collected, with 238 girls and 248 boys. Emergency preparedness and awareness indicators, chosen through literature, were classified under four components, i.e. emergency circulation and evacuation, support and assistance, communication, and search and rescue. A five-point Likert scale was used to map the indicators, and an index-based approach was used to quantify emergency preparedness. Statistical tests were used to examine gender-based differences among emergency preparedness and its components. Results show that both genders exhibited low awareness, whereas a significant difference in communication, and search and rescue component. There is an immediate need to launch awareness campaigns and training in schools for effective disaster risk reduction.
{"title":"Gender-based emergency preparedness and awareness: empirical evidences from high-school students of Gilgit, Pakistan","authors":"A. Khan, I. Rana, Adnan Nawaz, A. Waheed","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2020.1839375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2020.1839375","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT School emergency preparedness must be enhanced to save the lives of children and reduce adverse impacts on the school education system. The gender dimension of school-going children can help understand and assess the dynamics of vulnerabilities in school settings. This paper quantifies gender-based knowledge about emergency preparedness for a crisis. Gilgit city, a multi-hazard prone area in Northern Pakistan, was taken as a case study area. Slovin’s sampling method was employed to estimate the minimum required sample size. The data was collected using structured questionnaires, and a total of 486 samples were collected, with 238 girls and 248 boys. Emergency preparedness and awareness indicators, chosen through literature, were classified under four components, i.e. emergency circulation and evacuation, support and assistance, communication, and search and rescue. A five-point Likert scale was used to map the indicators, and an index-based approach was used to quantify emergency preparedness. Statistical tests were used to examine gender-based differences among emergency preparedness and its components. Results show that both genders exhibited low awareness, whereas a significant difference in communication, and search and rescue component. There is an immediate need to launch awareness campaigns and training in schools for effective disaster risk reduction.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"25 1","pages":"416 - 431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78690390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-19DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2020.1795496
E. Penning‐Rowsell
This journal – Environmental Hazards: Human and Policy Dimensions – seeks to be an innovative, interdisciplinary and international research journal addressing the human and policy dimensions of haz...
{"title":"Further internationalisation of Environmental Hazards and its links to the UN Sustainable Development Goals","authors":"E. Penning‐Rowsell","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2020.1795496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2020.1795496","url":null,"abstract":"This journal – Environmental Hazards: Human and Policy Dimensions – seeks to be an innovative, interdisciplinary and international research journal addressing the human and policy dimensions of haz...","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"41 1","pages":"417 - 420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87230372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-19DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2019.1652142
L. Ritchie, D. Gill, M. A. Long
ABSTRACT Building upon the growing body of empirical social science research examining psychosocial stress following natural, technological, and human-caused disasters, this article presents new research findings specifically regarding stress response avoidance behaviours. In this article, we present a conceptual model of factors contributing to such avoidance behaviours as measured by the Impact of Event Scale (IES) Avoidance subscale. We empirically test the model using data collected in the aftermath of the 2008 Tennessee Valley Authority coal ash spill in Roane County, Tennessee. Conceptually, the findings support some of what is known about how gender, age, socioeconomic status, event experience, risk perceptions, being a claimant, personal relationship disruption, and various types of resource loss influence psychosocial stress. In contrast to previous studies, however, our findings reveal that in the case of the TVA spill, community involvement is associated with higher levels of IES Avoidance behaviours. These findings have potential to inform community mental health needs following technological disasters. In particular, mental health professionals should be aware of the counter-intuitive findings related to community involvement and chronic stress response avoidance behaviours and seek ways to reconcile this issue.
{"title":"Factors influencing stress response avoidance behaviors following technological disasters: A case study of the 2008 TVA coal ash spill","authors":"L. Ritchie, D. Gill, M. A. Long","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2019.1652142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2019.1652142","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Building upon the growing body of empirical social science research examining psychosocial stress following natural, technological, and human-caused disasters, this article presents new research findings specifically regarding stress response avoidance behaviours. In this article, we present a conceptual model of factors contributing to such avoidance behaviours as measured by the Impact of Event Scale (IES) Avoidance subscale. We empirically test the model using data collected in the aftermath of the 2008 Tennessee Valley Authority coal ash spill in Roane County, Tennessee. Conceptually, the findings support some of what is known about how gender, age, socioeconomic status, event experience, risk perceptions, being a claimant, personal relationship disruption, and various types of resource loss influence psychosocial stress. In contrast to previous studies, however, our findings reveal that in the case of the TVA spill, community involvement is associated with higher levels of IES Avoidance behaviours. These findings have potential to inform community mental health needs following technological disasters. In particular, mental health professionals should be aware of the counter-intuitive findings related to community involvement and chronic stress response avoidance behaviours and seek ways to reconcile this issue.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"22 1","pages":"442 - 462"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79108035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-19DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2020.1834345
Samantha Hao Yiu Chu, S. Tan, L. Mortsch
ABSTRACT Socioeconomic characteristics are commonly used as indicators of vulnerability and resilience to inform disaster risk planning and management. Vancouver is a coastal seaport city along the west coast of Canada and is exposed to risk from the impacts of flooding. Previous studies have assessed and modelled a city's resilience to environmental hazards based on socioeconomic status derived from census data, such as income status, family structure, and dwelling conditions. However, these data sources are aggregated into different census units of varying scale, such as Census Tracts (CT) and Dissemination Areas (DA). Spatial analysis of the same data using different aggregation units manifests in the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP), where varying scale can produce different results and conclusions. This exploratory analysis of the MAUP demonstrates that social resilience to flooding hazards in Vancouver at the CT and DA census scales can have contradictory results depending on the census scale adopted. The effect of scale and the aggregation units at which spatial analysis occurs can have a significant impact on the conclusions imparted and decision making to identify priority areas. Since individual-level disaggregate data is unavailable, the analytical results based solely on aggregate data should be interpreted with caution.
社会经济特征通常被用作脆弱性和复原力的指标，为灾害风险规划和管理提供信息。温哥华是加拿大西海岸的一个沿海港口城市，面临着洪水影响的风险。以前的研究基于人口普查数据(如收入状况、家庭结构和居住条件)得出的社会经济地位，对城市对环境危害的抵御能力进行了评估和建模。然而，这些数据来源被汇总成不同规模的不同普查单位，例如普查区(CT)和传播区(DA)。使用不同的聚合单元对相同数据进行空间分析体现在可修改面积单元问题(Modifiable area Unit Problem, MAUP)中，不同的尺度会产生不同的结果和结论。对MAUP的探索性分析表明，温哥华在CT和DA普查尺度上对洪水灾害的社会恢复力可能会根据所采用的普查规模产生相互矛盾的结果。发生空间分析的尺度和聚集单位的影响对得出的结论和确定优先领域的决策有重大影响。由于无法获得个人层面的分类数据，因此应谨慎解释仅基于汇总数据的分析结果。
{"title":"Social Resilience to Flooding in Vancouver: The Issue of Scale","authors":"Samantha Hao Yiu Chu, S. Tan, L. Mortsch","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2020.1834345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2020.1834345","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Socioeconomic characteristics are commonly used as indicators of vulnerability and resilience to inform disaster risk planning and management. Vancouver is a coastal seaport city along the west coast of Canada and is exposed to risk from the impacts of flooding. Previous studies have assessed and modelled a city's resilience to environmental hazards based on socioeconomic status derived from census data, such as income status, family structure, and dwelling conditions. However, these data sources are aggregated into different census units of varying scale, such as Census Tracts (CT) and Dissemination Areas (DA). Spatial analysis of the same data using different aggregation units manifests in the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP), where varying scale can produce different results and conclusions. This exploratory analysis of the MAUP demonstrates that social resilience to flooding hazards in Vancouver at the CT and DA census scales can have contradictory results depending on the census scale adopted. The effect of scale and the aggregation units at which spatial analysis occurs can have a significant impact on the conclusions imparted and decision making to identify priority areas. Since individual-level disaggregate data is unavailable, the analytical results based solely on aggregate data should be interpreted with caution.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"41 1","pages":"400 - 415"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89504405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-19DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2019.1653816
Sofyan Sufri, Febi Dwirahmadi, D. Phung, S. Rutherford
ABSTRACT Aceh province is vulnerable to multiple hazards. Despite improvements in disaster preparedness efforts including the early warning system (EWS) following the catastrophic 2004 earthquake-tsunami, ineffective disaster responses still occur here. An EWS is essential to provide early disaster information to people in order to respond appropriately. An integrated EWS consists of risk knowledge; monitoring; dissemination and communication; and response capability elements. This study investigates how Aceh’s disaster management and preparedness have evolved since 2004 focusing on its EWS and in particular how the contemporary integrated EWS approach has been incorporated into its development and operation. In-depth interviews, along with review of relevant policy and procedures were conducted to understand current practices and existing governance and structure of EWS design and operation. Findings suggest that a multi-hazard EWS is not well developed and a linear EWS model is prominent. Dissemination and response elements dominate the EWS design and operation with a lack of ongoing risk assessment that incorporates vulnerability concepts and some important governance issues that impact on response and capability. Key recommendations are made for review of policy and practice for Aceh governments at provincial and district levels and other relevant stakeholders to improve the current EWS.
{"title":"Progress in the early warning system in Aceh province, Indonesia since the 2004 earthquake-tsunami","authors":"Sofyan Sufri, Febi Dwirahmadi, D. Phung, S. Rutherford","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2019.1653816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2019.1653816","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Aceh province is vulnerable to multiple hazards. Despite improvements in disaster preparedness efforts including the early warning system (EWS) following the catastrophic 2004 earthquake-tsunami, ineffective disaster responses still occur here. An EWS is essential to provide early disaster information to people in order to respond appropriately. An integrated EWS consists of risk knowledge; monitoring; dissemination and communication; and response capability elements. This study investigates how Aceh’s disaster management and preparedness have evolved since 2004 focusing on its EWS and in particular how the contemporary integrated EWS approach has been incorporated into its development and operation. In-depth interviews, along with review of relevant policy and procedures were conducted to understand current practices and existing governance and structure of EWS design and operation. Findings suggest that a multi-hazard EWS is not well developed and a linear EWS model is prominent. Dissemination and response elements dominate the EWS design and operation with a lack of ongoing risk assessment that incorporates vulnerability concepts and some important governance issues that impact on response and capability. Key recommendations are made for review of policy and practice for Aceh governments at provincial and district levels and other relevant stakeholders to improve the current EWS.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"14 1","pages":"463 - 487"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78089540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-19DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2019.1614430
J. K. Kamara, K. Agho, A. Renzaho
ABSTRACT This study explored community disaster preparedness among rural subsistence communities affected by recurrent drought-induced disasters in Eswatini and Lesotho. Sixteen focus group discussions comprising 197 participants from different backgrounds were conducted. Recorded interviews were transcribed, coded and categorised. Themes and subthemes were developed and formed the basis of analysis and interpretation guided by structuration theory. Emerging themes related to community disaster preparedness included: (1) knowledgeability and systems of meaning; (2) structural responses to disaster preparedness; and (3) the dispensation of power and control. However, power and control were also impediments to effective disaster preparedness through the curtailing of collaboration, access to resources and information, and collective participation. Addressing these impediments can improve learning and contribute to developing robust disaster preparedness. There is an urgent need to streamline and integrate traditional knowledge and systems to be used in tandem with existing scientific knowledge.
{"title":"Combating recurrent hazards: evidence from rural Lesotho and Eswatini – a qualitative study","authors":"J. K. Kamara, K. Agho, A. Renzaho","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2019.1614430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2019.1614430","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explored community disaster preparedness among rural subsistence communities affected by recurrent drought-induced disasters in Eswatini and Lesotho. Sixteen focus group discussions comprising 197 participants from different backgrounds were conducted. Recorded interviews were transcribed, coded and categorised. Themes and subthemes were developed and formed the basis of analysis and interpretation guided by structuration theory. Emerging themes related to community disaster preparedness included: (1) knowledgeability and systems of meaning; (2) structural responses to disaster preparedness; and (3) the dispensation of power and control. However, power and control were also impediments to effective disaster preparedness through the curtailing of collaboration, access to resources and information, and collective participation. Addressing these impediments can improve learning and contribute to developing robust disaster preparedness. There is an urgent need to streamline and integrate traditional knowledge and systems to be used in tandem with existing scientific knowledge.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"63 1","pages":"421 - 441"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81024637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2020.1830744
W. Botzen, F. Estrada, R. Tol
ABSTRACT The mixed results in Pielke (2020) for natural disaster loss normalisation studies are due to methodological differences. Flaws exist in commonly used normalisation approaches that assume unitary elasticities between exposure indicators and losses. We refute Pielke’s arguments that statistical studies estimating these relationships are biased. We conclude with an agenda for future research.
{"title":"Methodological issues in natural disaster loss normalisation studies","authors":"W. Botzen, F. Estrada, R. Tol","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2020.1830744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2020.1830744","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The mixed results in Pielke (2020) for natural disaster loss normalisation studies are due to methodological differences. Flaws exist in commonly used normalisation approaches that assume unitary elasticities between exposure indicators and losses. We refute Pielke’s arguments that statistical studies estimating these relationships are biased. We conclude with an agenda for future research.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"27 1","pages":"112 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80426738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2020.1829532
P. Berglez, Walid Al-Saqaf
ABSTRACT The link between extreme weather and climate change is being highlighted in ever more countries. Increased public understanding of this issue is essential for policymaking, both in terms of climate change mitigation and adaptation. As social media are becoming central to the exchange of information in society, the purpose is to analyze what generates intensified attention to the connection between extreme weather and climate change in digital communication. This is done by examining periods of intensified co-occurrence of mentions of extreme weather and climate change on English-language Twitter (N = 948,993). Our quantitative analysis suggests that during the period 2008–2017 the years 2010, 2011 and 2017 exhibit a considerable increase in ‘causality discourse’, i.e. tweets that articulate the topic of climate change + extreme weather, in comparison with earlier years. These periods of significant growth are interpreted as involving dynamic relationships between three factors, namely mediated highlighting of previous or ongoing extreme-weather events (extreme-event factor); connection of extreme weather to climate change by traditional media or other intermediaries (media-driven science communication factor); and actions of individual users (digital-action factor). Through a qualitative discourse analysis, how these factors jointly generate increasing attention to ‘causality discourse’ is more closely explored for the case of 2017.
{"title":"Extreme weather and climate change: social media results, 2008–2017","authors":"P. Berglez, Walid Al-Saqaf","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2020.1829532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2020.1829532","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The link between extreme weather and climate change is being highlighted in ever more countries. Increased public understanding of this issue is essential for policymaking, both in terms of climate change mitigation and adaptation. As social media are becoming central to the exchange of information in society, the purpose is to analyze what generates intensified attention to the connection between extreme weather and climate change in digital communication. This is done by examining periods of intensified co-occurrence of mentions of extreme weather and climate change on English-language Twitter (N = 948,993). Our quantitative analysis suggests that during the period 2008–2017 the years 2010, 2011 and 2017 exhibit a considerable increase in ‘causality discourse’, i.e. tweets that articulate the topic of climate change + extreme weather, in comparison with earlier years. These periods of significant growth are interpreted as involving dynamic relationships between three factors, namely mediated highlighting of previous or ongoing extreme-weather events (extreme-event factor); connection of extreme weather to climate change by traditional media or other intermediaries (media-driven science communication factor); and actions of individual users (digital-action factor). Through a qualitative discourse analysis, how these factors jointly generate increasing attention to ‘causality discourse’ is more closely explored for the case of 2017.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"80 1","pages":"382 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73719043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-08DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2020.1829531
Emily Mongold, R. Davidson, Jennifer Trivedi, S. DeYoung, Tricia Wachtendorf, Prosper K. Anyidoho
ABSTRACT Although hurricanes can cause severe hazard effects well inland, little is known about the evacuation behaviour of inland populations compared to coastal populations. Using survey data collected in the United States after Hurricanes Florence (2018), Michael (2018), Barry (2019), and Dorian (2019), we investigate differences between coastal and inland populations in evacuation decisions and timing, and their causes. The data indicate that coastal populations evacuated at a higher rate than their inland counterparts (those not in coastal counties) in every hurricane studied. Chi-square tests identified differences in characteristics of coastal and inland populations, and a multiple logistic regression identified variables associated with evacuation. Together they suggest multiple factors that help explain the difference in evacuation rates. The most significant findings were related to geographic differences in the issuance of evacuation orders and reported receiving of orders (whether or not orders were actually issued). Most interestingly, the analysis indicates that variance between inland and coastal evacuation is not fully explained by the factors suggested in existing literature. We suggest here that differences between inland and coastal evacuation may also result from risk perception, in particular, a view that hurricanes are a coastal phenomenon and therefore do not apply to inland populations.
{"title":"Hurricane evacuation beliefs and behaviour of inland vs. coastal populations","authors":"Emily Mongold, R. Davidson, Jennifer Trivedi, S. DeYoung, Tricia Wachtendorf, Prosper K. Anyidoho","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2020.1829531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2020.1829531","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although hurricanes can cause severe hazard effects well inland, little is known about the evacuation behaviour of inland populations compared to coastal populations. Using survey data collected in the United States after Hurricanes Florence (2018), Michael (2018), Barry (2019), and Dorian (2019), we investigate differences between coastal and inland populations in evacuation decisions and timing, and their causes. The data indicate that coastal populations evacuated at a higher rate than their inland counterparts (those not in coastal counties) in every hurricane studied. Chi-square tests identified differences in characteristics of coastal and inland populations, and a multiple logistic regression identified variables associated with evacuation. Together they suggest multiple factors that help explain the difference in evacuation rates. The most significant findings were related to geographic differences in the issuance of evacuation orders and reported receiving of orders (whether or not orders were actually issued). Most interestingly, the analysis indicates that variance between inland and coastal evacuation is not fully explained by the factors suggested in existing literature. We suggest here that differences between inland and coastal evacuation may also result from risk perception, in particular, a view that hurricanes are a coastal phenomenon and therefore do not apply to inland populations.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"20 1","pages":"363 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74971282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-02DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2020.1813680
Arizka Warganegara, Maxim G. M. Samson
ABSTRACT Lampung, located in the southern part of Sumatra, is an example of a disaster-prone province in Indonesia. South Lampung regency in particular is at potential risk of three natural disasters: tsunamis, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Through drawing upon interviews with authority figures from two districts of the regency (Kalianda and Rajabasa) and applying the collaborative governance theory of Ansell and Gash, this article contributes in two important ways to the literature on post-tsunami response. First, we identify the role played by three groups – local government, adat and religious institutions – in negotiating the post-tsunami response process, alongside the socio-technical issues encountered. Second, through applying and refining the ideas of Ansell and Gash, we create a model that may be used to stimulate collaboration between the three groups to better deal with tsunami events. It is evident that when local government lacks the capability to coordinate post-tsunami response, disaster management may easily descend into chaos. By identifying the resources each group brings to the table, we believe that our model can help encourage different actors to collaborate when responding to such disasters.
{"title":"Collaboration and disaster: critical responses after tsunami events in Indonesia","authors":"Arizka Warganegara, Maxim G. M. Samson","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2020.1813680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2020.1813680","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lampung, located in the southern part of Sumatra, is an example of a disaster-prone province in Indonesia. South Lampung regency in particular is at potential risk of three natural disasters: tsunamis, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Through drawing upon interviews with authority figures from two districts of the regency (Kalianda and Rajabasa) and applying the collaborative governance theory of Ansell and Gash, this article contributes in two important ways to the literature on post-tsunami response. First, we identify the role played by three groups – local government, adat and religious institutions – in negotiating the post-tsunami response process, alongside the socio-technical issues encountered. Second, through applying and refining the ideas of Ansell and Gash, we create a model that may be used to stimulate collaboration between the three groups to better deal with tsunami events. It is evident that when local government lacks the capability to coordinate post-tsunami response, disaster management may easily descend into chaos. By identifying the resources each group brings to the table, we believe that our model can help encourage different actors to collaborate when responding to such disasters.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":"18 1","pages":"345 - 362"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81392998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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