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Exploring the role of context models in memory-building: the completion of informative voids and the re-organisation of narratives in second-hand memories 探索情境模型在记忆构建中的作用:二手记忆中信息空白的填补和叙事的重组
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2249
Samara Velte
The transmission of memory after traumatic collective events (such as armed conflicts) always involves a discursive re-construction from a present viewpoint. In the case of new generations who have no direct memories of the conflict, a variety of contextual factors can interfere in the process of meaning-making. In this paper, we explore some of the discursive strategies employed by youngsters in order to fill in informational voids or to manage discourses that seem contradictory with their current context or pre-established belief systems when re-building narratives about violent conflicts in their community. Oral data collected from eight in-depth interviews with adolescents belonging to the first post-conflict generation in the Basque Country was analysed, combining theories from Memory Studies and theoretical-methodological approaches from Critical Discourse Analysis. Four types of rearrangement of information were identified during the interviews: all speakers drew on contextual information and pre-established mental models in order to fill in informational gaps, even if the resulting narratives sometimes altered the original meaning. Evidence suggests that remembering is a discursive practice strongly influenced by the current context and situation of the speaker, which would offer an explanation as to why collective memory changes with each generation.
创伤性集体事件(如武装冲突)后的记忆传递总是涉及从当前观点出发的话语重建。对于那些对冲突没有直接记忆的新一代来说,各种各样的语境因素可能会干扰意义的形成过程。在本文中,我们探讨了青少年在重建社区暴力冲突叙事时所采用的一些话语策略,以填补信息空白或管理似乎与他们当前背景或预先建立的信仰体系相矛盾的话语。结合记忆研究的理论和批评话语分析的理论方法,研究人员对巴斯克地区冲突后第一代青少年进行了八次深度访谈,收集了口头数据。在访谈中发现了四种类型的信息重排:所有说话者都利用语境信息和预先建立的心理模型来填补信息空白,即使最终的叙述有时会改变原来的意思。有证据表明,记忆是一种话语实践,受说话人当前的语境和处境的强烈影响,这就解释了为什么集体记忆会随着每一代人的变化而变化。
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引用次数: 0
Information needs and behaviour of incarcerated persons in Croatia: findings from a national quantitative study 克罗地亚被监禁者的信息需求和行为:一项国家数量研究的结果
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2213
Sanjica Faletar, Kornelija Petr Balog, M. Bajic, Boris Badurina
This paper examines the information behaviour and information needs of incarcerated persons in Croatian correctional facilities. A total of 620 printed questionnaires were mailed to six Croatian penitentiaries and administered to prisoners who were serving a long-term period sentence. Sample included both male and female prisoners with the response rate of 81%. The data was analysed with the help of statistical software SPSS. Almost all incarcerated persons that participated in this study have a greater need for information while in prison than they had before incarceration. The largest majority of respondents require information about the life in penitentiary, information about their family members and friends, and information about life-after-prison. In most cases, respondents seek required information from their family members and friends. Very rarely are their varied educational, informational, legal and recreational needs met by a prison library. The findings indicate that about a third of respondents revealed that their current information needs were not met and that Croatian prison libraries are unequipped to meet information needs of incarcerated persons. In order to change present situation, better cooperation between Croatian Library Association and Croatian prison administration is needed.
本文考察了克罗地亚教养设施中被监禁人员的信息行为和信息需求。共印发了620份调查表,邮寄给6所克罗地亚监狱,发给长期服刑的囚犯。样本包括男性和女性囚犯,回复率为81%。采用SPSS统计软件对数据进行分析。几乎所有参与这项研究的在押人员在狱中对信息的需求都比入狱前更大。绝大多数答复者要求了解有关监狱生活的信息、有关其家庭成员和朋友的信息以及关于出狱后生活的信息。在大多数情况下,受访者从他们的家人和朋友那里寻求所需的信息。监狱图书馆很少能满足他们在教育、信息、法律和娱乐方面的各种需要。调查结果表明,约有三分之一的答复者表示,他们目前的资料需要没有得到满足,克罗地亚监狱图书馆的设备不足以满足被监禁人员的资料需要。为了改变目前的状况,克罗地亚图书馆协会和克罗地亚监狱管理部门之间需要更好的合作。
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引用次数: 1
Avoiding negative information as a strategy for emotion regulation 避免负面信息作为情绪调节策略
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2229
Jannica Heinström, Shahrokh Nikou, Eero Sormunen
The aim of the paper is to investigate whether the personality trait negative emotionality and sense of coherence influence emotionally motivated information avoidance, i.e., avoidance of negative information that potentially evoke anxiety or worry. Data from 412 respondents was collected in a survey which measured negative emotionality, sense of coherence and information avoidance. A conceptual model is proposed, and structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to analyse the data. Negative emotionality was found to influence information avoidance not only directly, but also indirectly through the manageability dimension of sense of coherence. In other words, manageability mediates the relationship between negative emotionality and information avoidance. The study contributes by showing that personal inclinations impact emotionally motivated information avoidance across contexts.
本研究旨在探讨人格特质负面情绪和连贯性是否影响情绪动机信息回避,即回避可能引起焦虑或担忧的负面信息。这项调查收集了412名受访者的数据,测量了他们的消极情绪、连贯感和信息回避。提出了一个概念模型,并应用结构方程模型(SEM)对数据进行了分析。研究发现,消极情绪不仅直接影响信息回避,而且通过连贯感的可管理性维度间接影响信息回避。换句话说,可管理性调节了消极情绪和信息回避之间的关系。该研究表明,个人倾向会影响情绪动机下的信息回避。
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引用次数: 1
The influence of users’ dark triad on knowledge contribution behaviour on social question and answer sites 社交问答网站用户黑暗人格对知识贡献行为的影响
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2243
Lin Wang, Yajing Liu, Wenjun Han, Junping Qiu
The users' knowledge contribution behaviour is the driving force for the sustainable development of the social question and answer sites. This kind of user behaviour is affected by various factors, among which users' personality traits are the prominent ones. The dark triad is a theory on the dark side of personality. This article explores the influence and mechanism of users' dark triad on their knowledge contribution in social question and answer sites. A questionnaire survey and statistical methods such as hierarchical regression and Bootstrap analysis were adopted in this study. Information about 301 users with experience in Chinese social question and answer sites were collected through the questionnaire survey. The quantitative analysis of survey data employed the statistical package SPSS 26.0. The dark triad significantly affects knowledge contribution on social question and answer sites. Online self-disclosure plays a completely mediating role in the relationship between the dark triad and knowledge contribution. The relational psychological contract has a moderating role between online self-disclosure and knowledge contribution. This study argues that the dark triad has a positive effect on knowledge contribution behaviour in socialized question and answer communities by constructing a model of mediated effects that are moderated. The dark triad shows its altruistic side in the context of social question and answer sites. The role of the dark triad in different knowledge-intensive contexts should be viewed dialectically in future research. Based on these findings, we put forward some suggestions for encouraging users' knowledge contribution behaviour in the social media context.
用户的知识贡献行为是社会问答网站可持续发展的动力。这种用户行为受到多种因素的影响,其中用户的人格特征是最突出的因素。黑暗三位一体是一个关于人格阴暗面的理论。本文探讨了用户黑暗人格对社交问答网站知识贡献的影响及其机制。本研究采用问卷调查和层次回归、Bootstrap分析等统计方法。通过问卷调查的方式收集了301名具有中文社交问答网站使用经验的用户信息。调查数据的定量分析采用SPSS 26.0统计软件包。黑暗三元组显著影响社会问答网站的知识贡献。网络自我表露在黑暗特质与知识贡献的关系中起完全中介作用。关系心理契约在网络自我表露与知识贡献之间具有调节作用。本研究通过构建一个被调节的中介效应模型,论证了黑暗三元特质对社会化问答社区知识贡献行为的正向影响。在社会问答网站的背景下,黑暗人格表现出利他的一面。在今后的研究中,应辩证地看待黑暗三合一在不同知识密集型环境中的作用。基于这些发现,我们提出了一些在社交媒体环境下鼓励用户知识贡献行为的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Student experience of digital learning tools: Information literacy training in higher education 数字化学习工具的学生体验:高等教育中的信息素养培训
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2238
M. Skov, Tanja Svarre, Marianne Lykke
The paper presents a qualitative study of how students in higher education experience the use of digital learning objects as part of information literacy training.Methods. The study is inspired by the phenomenographical method and take a second-order perspective asking how students experience information literacy training and digital learning tools. The study builds on seven focus-group interviews with a total of 29 students from law, engineering, and nursing. The first part of the analysis presents results on students’ experience of the digital learning tools across the cases with focus on student motivation. The second part of the analysis focuses on the roles of the different actors in information literacy building. The analysis illustrates how the use of digital learning tools and face-to-face information literacy training is deeply related to the roles of the different actors taking part in the information literacy practice. The academic librarian is almost invisible to the students in two of the three cases, but student interaction with the digital learning tools promote visibility. The findings confirm related research on the importance of integrating information literacy training into curriculum and nuances our understanding of how students experience information literacy training and digital learning tools.
本文对高等教育学生如何体验使用数字学习对象作为信息素养培训的一部分进行了定性研究。该研究受到现象学方法的启发,采取二阶视角,询问学生如何体验信息素养培训和数字学习工具。这项研究建立在7个焦点小组访谈的基础上,共采访了29名来自法律、工程和护理专业的学生。分析的第一部分展示了学生在不同案例中对数字学习工具的体验结果,重点是学生的动机。第二部分分析了信息素养建设中不同主体的角色。分析表明,数字学习工具的使用和面对面的信息素养培训如何与参与信息素养实践的不同行动者的角色密切相关。在这三个案例中的两个案例中,学生几乎看不到学术图书管理员,但学生与数字学习工具的互动促进了可见性。这些发现证实了将信息素养培训纳入课程的重要性的相关研究,并使我们对学生如何体验信息素养培训和数字学习工具的理解有所不同。
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引用次数: 0
Information needs of young adults with cancer in Germany 德国年轻癌症患者的信息需求
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2212
Paulina Bressel
In Germany, approximately 500.000 people are newly diagnosed with cancer every year, of which only 3,3% are young adults between 18 and 39 years of age. Despite age-specific characteristics in terms of care and treatment, they receive little attention in the health infrastructure. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate information needs of young adults with cancer in Germany. Semi-structured guided online interviews were conducted with 14 young adults at the end of their treatment or in aftercare. The qualitative analysis was carried out inductively, using thematic analysis. In addition, the identified topics were analysed using the concept of the cancer patient journey. Ten themes were identified which are divided into information, service and care needs. While needs of the three identified medical themes are, for the most part, adequately answered, this does not apply to needs of the remaining seven themes. The findings clearly demonstrate that the German health infrastructure still holds a lot of potential for improvement regarding answering information, service and care needs for young adults with cancer.
在德国,每年大约有50万人被新诊断为癌症,其中只有3.3%是年龄在18至39岁之间的年轻人。尽管他们在护理和治疗方面具有年龄特征,但在卫生基础设施中很少受到关注。因此,本研究的目的是调查德国年轻成年癌症患者的信息需求。在半结构化的在线指导访谈中,14名年轻人在治疗结束或护理结束时进行了访谈。定性分析采用归纳法,采用主题分析法。此外,使用癌症患者旅程的概念分析了确定的主题。确定了十个主题,分为信息、服务和护理需要。虽然确定的三个医学主题的需求在很大程度上得到了充分的满足,但这并不适用于其余七个主题的需求。研究结果清楚地表明,在回答年轻癌症患者的信息、服务和护理需求方面,德国的卫生基础设施仍有很大的改进潜力。
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引用次数: 1
'Biodynamically cultivated hash, confidentially': information sharing on the dark web “生物动态培育哈希,保密”:暗网上的信息共享
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2241
Ari Haasio, J. Harviainen, Lasse Hämäläinen
This article analyses the marketing mechanisms of Dark Web drug trade focusing on advertising as information sharing. Key research questions are 1) vendors use to convince the potential customers about the quality and service, 2) what kind of arguments do vendors try to build and how they do it? and 3) what kind of information is shared when illegal goods are advertised. The data were collected from Utopia, which is an archive of the Finnish cryptomarket called Sipulimarket. The sample contained all advertisements from December 6, 2019 to March 19, 2020. All the advertisements were analysed by using a qualitative content analysis. Four main elements on which the marketing speech is based are 1) quality and 2) effects of the drugs (which we discuss here together), 3) price and 4) persuasiveness of the vendor. Together with the name of “drug store”, they make up the image. These elements are the types of information shared mostly when convincing customers about the products. In advertisements both persuasiveness and informative contents were shared. By understanding the mechanisms used in illicit communication happening in the Dark Web, we get a new perspective on sharing information that requires anonymity.
本文分析了暗网毒品交易的营销机制,以广告作为信息共享为重点。关键的研究问题是:1)供应商用来说服潜在客户的质量和服务,2)供应商试图建立什么样的论点,他们是如何做到的?3)当非法商品做广告时,共享什么样的信息。这些数据是从乌托邦收集的,这是芬兰加密市场Sipulimarket的档案。样本包含2019年12月6日至2020年3月19日的所有广告。采用定性内容分析法对所有广告进行分析。市场营销话语所基于的四个主要要素是:1)质量和2)药物的效果(我们在这里一起讨论),3)价格和4)供应商的说服力。再加上“药店”的名字,就构成了这个形象。这些元素是在说服客户购买产品时共享的信息类型。在广告中,说服性和信息性内容是共同的。通过了解暗网上发生的非法通信机制,我们对需要匿名的信息共享有了新的看法。
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引用次数: 1
An ageist perspective on age and older adults in information behaviour research 信息行为研究中年龄和老年人的年龄歧视观点
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2214
Vera Hillebrand
This study aims to answer the question what kind of research exists on aging and older adults in information behaviour and information seeking. A systematic literature review was conducted in two databases, LISA and Scopus. The results were refined and tagged thematically and clustered into main research topics. (Online) health information behaviour is the largest research topic in relation to aging and older adults. Underrepresented topics are information needs and behaviour outside of the health care sector. An ageist perspective is strongly present in information behaviour studies. Existing research on (online) health information behaviour primarily addresses a negative aspect of old age, frailty and illness, which may amplify the stereotypical image of older people and aging. This paper suggests that the research field should turn to topics that are more diverse and use the demographic variable of age more carefully in order to mitigate ageism.
本研究旨在回答老龄化和老年人在信息行为和信息寻求方面存在什么样的研究。在LISA和Scopus两个数据库中进行了系统的文献综述。结果被细化和标记为主题,并聚类到主要的研究课题。(在线)健康信息行为是与老龄化和老年人有关的最大研究课题。代表性不足的主题是卫生保健部门以外的信息需求和行为。年龄歧视观点在信息行为研究中非常普遍。现有关于(在线)健康信息行为的研究主要针对老年、虚弱和疾病的消极方面,这可能会放大老年人和老龄化的刻板印象。本文建议研究领域应转向更多样化的主题,并更谨慎地使用年龄这一人口统计学变量,以减轻年龄歧视。
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引用次数: 1
‘Organizing professionalism’ - a discussion of library professionals’ roles and competences in co-creation processes “组织专业”——讨论图书馆专业人员在共同创造过程中的角色和能力
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/colis2213
Camilla Moring, T. Schreiber
Introduction. This paper investigates how co-creation may change the roles and relations between the library professional and citizens, and address what this development means to our understanding of what constitutes professionalism in the library profession as well as discuss the competences needed in order to be able to perform in this facilitating role. Method. This is a conceptual paper discussing selected research on co-creation and professionalism. Three brief examples from public libraries in Norway and Denmark is presented to illustrate how public libraries can facilitate and/or engage themselves in co- creation processes. Analysis. Research on co-creation and the role of professionals in co-creation processes creates together with Mirko Noordegraaf’s (2015) idea of ‘organizing professionalism’ an analytical lens for discussing how co-creation may change the competences needed for library professionals.. Results. The facilitating, relational and personal competences needed for library professionals in co-creation is discussed, and the importance of connections, dealing with conflicting logics and legitimising professional work is highlighted. Conclusions. Organising professionalism provides another perspective on professionalism that brings to our attention, that parts of the knowledge needed in co-creation processes exists and develops in dispersed knowledge networks and therefore cannot only be developed as an individual competence.
介绍。本文探讨了共同创造如何改变图书馆专业人员和公民之间的角色和关系,并讨论了这种发展对我们理解图书馆专业人员的专业精神意味着什么,以及为了能够发挥这一促进作用所需要的能力。方法。这是一篇概念性的论文,讨论了关于共同创造和专业主义的一些研究。本文介绍了挪威和丹麦公共图书馆的三个简短例子,以说明公共图书馆如何促进和/或参与共同创造过程。分析。对共同创造和专业人员在共同创造过程中的作用的研究与Mirko Noordegraaf(2015)的“组织专业主义”理念一起创造了一个分析视角,用于讨论共同创造如何改变图书馆专业人员所需的能力。结果。讨论了图书馆专业人员在共同创造中所需要的促进、关系和个人能力,并强调了联系、处理冲突逻辑和使专业工作合法化的重要性。结论。组织专业主义提供了另一种关于专业主义的观点,它引起了我们的注意,即共同创造过程中所需的部分知识存在并发展于分散的知识网络中,因此不能仅仅作为个人能力来发展。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptions of place in the information practices of the Mahamewnawa Asapuwa Temple community Mahamewnawa Asapuwa寺庙社区信息实践中的位置概念
IF 0.8 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.47989/irisic2237
H. Yerbury, Pethigamage Perera, M. Olsson
The findings of a study of the information practices of devotees and monks associated with a Buddhist temple are used to examine the way place is understood, and to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the conceptualisations presented in the literature. An insider approach facilitated the collection of data through interviews of monks and devotees, observations and analysis of websites and social media platforms produced by the temple community. Thematic analysis was used to analyse interview transcripts, the researcher’s field notes and online content. Place can be physical, modified by time, symbolic, created through the affordances of technology and organisational. Three categories of information practices emerged, being cultural, everyday life and organisational information practices. Existing conceptualisations of place in information research, including information grounds, information landscapes and space of flows were insufficient to cover the ways that place was expressed in this study. Understandings of place and associated information practices are tied to cultural knowledge and beliefs. The outsider researcher may only make sense of data through the use of metaphor or analogy. Further analytical and empirical work is essential to develop guidelines for establishing appropriate metaphors.
对佛教寺庙相关的奉献者和僧侣的信息实践的研究结果被用来检查对地方的理解方式,并评估文献中提出的概念化的优缺点。通过对僧侣和信徒的采访,对寺庙社区制作的网站和社交媒体平台的观察和分析,内部方法促进了数据的收集。专题分析用于分析访谈记录、研究者的现场笔记和在线内容。地点可以是物理的,可以被时间修改,可以是象征性的,可以通过技术和组织的支持来创造。出现了三类信息实践,即文化、日常生活和组织信息实践。信息研究中现有的地点概念,包括信息场地、信息景观和流动空间,不足以涵盖本研究中对地点的表达方式。对地方和相关信息实践的理解与文化知识和信仰有关。外部研究者可能只能通过使用隐喻或类比来理解数据。进一步的分析和实证工作对于制定建立适当隐喻的准则至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
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Information Research-An International Electronic Journal
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