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Contentious politics and the welfare state: squatting in Sweden 充满争议的政治与福利国家:蹲在瑞典
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-08-24 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1970406
C. Campos
There is currently a rich bibliography on squatting. This particular form of insurgent spatial practice, consisting of occupying and using private or public properties without the owner’s consent, ...
目前有丰富的关于蹲的参考书目。这种特殊形式的反叛空间实践,包括在未经业主同意的情况下占用和使用私人或公共财产。。。
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引用次数: 1
Understanding How Young People Exit Homelessness in Australia: A Critical Realist Approach 理解澳大利亚年轻人如何摆脱无家可归:一种批判现实主义的方法
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1968487
Brendan Pearl, C. Harvey, L. Brophy
ABSTRACT Despite years of policy attention and increasing intervention, the numbers of young people experiencing homelessness in Australia continue to increase. Previous meta-theoretical approaches to understanding homelessness amongst young people are largely unable to explain the conditions which enable young people to exit homelessness and maintain stable housing. We put forward Critical Realism as a way of overcoming the limitations of the main approaches which have been used to date: Empiricism, Interpretivism, and Interactionism/Epidemiology. The meta-theoretical assumptions made by Critical Realism can allow researchers to more robustly explain what enables young people to exit homelessness and maintain stable housing by identifying what it is about the structures and mechanisms, or the absence of these structures and mechanisms, which leads to this outcome. By using a Critical Realist approach, we hope to be able to contribute to more robust explanations of how young people exit homelessness and maintain housing.
尽管多年来政策的关注和越来越多的干预,在澳大利亚经历无家可归的年轻人的数量继续增加。以前理解年轻人无家可归的元理论方法在很大程度上无法解释使年轻人摆脱无家可归并保持稳定住房的条件。我们提出批判现实主义作为克服迄今为止使用的主要方法的局限性的一种方式:经验主义,解释主义和互动主义/流行病学。批判现实主义提出的元理论假设可以让研究人员通过确定导致这一结果的结构和机制是什么,或者这些结构和机制的缺失,来更有力地解释是什么使年轻人摆脱无家可归并保持稳定的住房。通过使用批判现实主义的方法,我们希望能够对年轻人如何摆脱无家可归和维持住房做出更有力的解释。
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引用次数: 0
Motivational Barriers to Shared Housing: The Importance of Meanings of “Home” in the Diffusion of Housing Innovations 共享住房的动机障碍:“家”的含义在住房创新传播中的重要性
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1932580
Bart Put, Inge Pasteels
In recent years, Flanders has witnessed a notable upsurge in the public attention for cohousing and other types of shared living arrangements (e.g. Jonckheere et al. 2010; Van den Houte et al. 2015; Verstraete and De Decker 2017; Brusselmans et al. 2019). The attention is sparked by discussions on substantial challenges currently faced by the Flemish housing market. First, there is a growing concern about the long term environmental and societal costs of urban sprawl in Flanders (Vermeiren et al. 2019). A long history of path dependent policy decisions has resulted in a landscape characterized by the dispersal of large single family houses in low density areas and ribbon development, putting an increasing amount of pressure on nature and mobility (De Decker 2011; Bervoets and Heynen 2013). Second, like in many countries in the Western world, the demographic set-up of Flanders is undergoing important changes. The ageing of society and the shrinking size of households exacerbate the problem of an undercrowded housing stock on the one hand, that of a growing need for mutual support and easy access to care on the other hand (Bervoets and Heynen 2013; Bervoets, Vanneste, and Ryckewaert 2014). Furthermore, the Flemish housing model seems ill-suited to accommodate the increasing de-standardization of family life (Luyten et al. 2015). Third, researchers have pointed to persistent problems pertaining to the quality and the affordability of housing, especially on the lower end of the private rental market (Depraetere et al. 2015; Heylen 2015; Verstraete and De Decker 2017). In all three respects, shared housing or shared living arrangements have been thematized by researchers and policy makers as one of the avenues for confronting such challenges. Flemish law has been considered too inflexible to be able to support a more important role for collective housing, however. This was one of the reasons why a decree was issued by the Flemish Government in 2017, installing a test environment for experimental housing forms, the results of which will be evaluated in 2023 (Vermeire 2017). As part of its “Vision 2050” the Flemish Government also committed to stimulating a gradual shift towards “smart housing and living” and strengthening public support for alternative, including collective, ways of living (Wonen Vlaanderen 2017).
近年来,佛兰德斯见证了公众对同居和其他类型的共享生活安排的关注显著增加(例如,Jonckheere等人,2010;Van den Houte等人,2015;Verstraete和De Decker 2017;Brusselmans等人,2019)。关于佛兰德住房市场目前面临的重大挑战的讨论引发了人们的关注。首先,人们越来越担心佛兰德斯城市扩张的长期环境和社会成本(Vermeiren等人,2019)。长期依赖路径的政策决策导致了一种景观,其特点是大型独栋房屋分散在低密度地区和带状开发,给自然和流动性带来了越来越大的压力(De Decker,2011年;Bervoets和Heynen,2013年)。其次,与西方世界的许多国家一样,佛兰德斯的人口结构正在发生重大变化。社会老龄化和家庭规模的缩小一方面加剧了住房存量不足的问题,另一方面也加剧了对相互支持和方便获得护理的需求(Bervoets和Heynen,2013年;Bervoets、Vanneste和Ryckewaert,2014年)。此外,佛兰德住房模式似乎不适合适应日益不标准化的家庭生活(Luyten等人,2015)。第三,研究人员指出了与住房质量和可负担性有关的持续问题,特别是在私人租赁市场的低端(Depraetere等人,2015;Heylen 2015;Verstraete和De Decker 2017)。在这三个方面,研究人员和政策制定者都将共享住房或共享生活安排作为应对此类挑战的途径之一。然而,佛兰德法律被认为过于僵化,无法支持集体住房发挥更重要的作用。这也是弗拉芒政府于2017年颁布法令的原因之一,该法令为实验性住房形式安装了一个测试环境,其结果将于2023年进行评估(Vermeire 2017)。作为其“2050愿景”的一部分,佛兰德政府还致力于刺激向“智能住房和生活”的逐步转变,并加强公众对替代生活方式的支持,包括集体生活方式(Wonen Vlanderen,2017)。
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引用次数: 3
How Do Poor Families in Australia Avoid Homelessness? An fsQCA Analysis 澳大利亚贫困家庭如何避免无家可归?fsQCA分析
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1936624
Catherine Hastings
ABSTRACT Families experiencing homelessness are an increasing phenomenon in Australia. However, the question of why some families living in poverty and disadvantage become homeless and others do not is not well explained in the literature. Using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), this paper investigates how recent “shock” or crisis events, poor health and financial stress interact with social capital and emotional well-being to affect housing security for Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian families living in poverty. The analysis draws on 307 cases (individuals with dependent and resident children) from Journeys Home, a longitudinal survey of extremely disadvantaged Australian welfare recipients. The results are explained within a critical realist understanding of depth ontology, stratification, emergence and the interaction between structure and agency. Hobfoll’s conservation of resources theory provides a framework for thinking about homelessness as a severe form of poverty and resource depletion.
摘要在澳大利亚,无家可归的家庭越来越多。然而,文献中没有很好地解释为什么一些生活在贫困和劣势中的家庭会无家可归,而另一些则不然。本文使用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA),研究了最近的“冲击”或危机事件、健康状况不佳和经济压力如何与社会资本和情感幸福相互作用,从而影响澳大利亚土著和非土著贫困家庭的住房保障。该分析引用了Journeys Home的307个案例(有受抚养子女和居住子女的个人),这是一项针对澳大利亚极端弱势福利领取者的纵向调查。这些结果是在对深度本体论、分层、出现以及结构和代理之间的相互作用的批判性现实主义理解中解释的。霍布福尔的资源保护理论为将无家可归视为一种严重的贫困和资源消耗提供了一个框架。
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引用次数: 1
Endemic and Diverse: Planning Perspectives on Second-home Tourism’s Heterogeneous Impact on Swedish Housing Markets 地方性和多样性:第二家园旅游对瑞典住房市场异质影响的规划视角
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1944906
Andreas Back
ABSTRACT Second-home tourism’s transformative power on local communities is widely recognized through numerous studies on its social, environmental and economic effects in many parts of the world. A significant share of this literature examines how second-home tourism impacts local housing markets and access to housing. However, few studies have looked into how planning authorities navigate these impacts of second-home tourism and how they differ spatially. Based on previous studies on the heterogeneity of second-home tourism and a comprehensive interview material from 20 Swedish municipalities, this paper examines impacts on local housing markets and the management efforts by local planning authorities. The results show how second-home tourism impact housing markets very differently depending on context when it comes to growth, housing demand and effects for locals’ access to housing. The study argues for an acknowledgement of this heterogeneous geography and more context-aware second-home research that moves beyond the rural-urban dichotomy.
在世界许多地区,第二家园旅游对当地社区的变革力量得到了广泛认可,许多研究都对其社会、环境和经济影响进行了研究。该文献的很大一部分研究了第二住宅旅游如何影响当地住房市场和住房获取。然而,很少有研究关注规划当局如何应对第二家园旅游的这些影响以及它们在空间上的差异。基于以往关于第二居所旅游异质性的研究和来自20个瑞典城市的综合访谈材料,本文考察了对当地住房市场的影响以及当地规划当局的管理努力。研究结果显示,第二套住房旅游对住房市场的影响非常不同,这取决于经济增长、住房需求和对当地人获得住房的影响。该研究主张承认这种异质性地理和更多的上下文意识的第二家园研究,超越农村-城市的二分法。
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引用次数: 8
Governing “The Homeless” in English Homelessness Legislation: Foucauldian Governmentality and the Homelessness Reduction Act 2017 英国无家可归立法中的“无家可归者”治理:福柯式治理与2017年减少无家可归者法案
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2020.1738542
Chris Bevan
ABSTRACT This article contributes to the growing body of work exploring governmentality theory in housing and homelessness law by engaging, for the first time, a Foucauldian neoliberal, governmentality and risk framework to the recently enacted Homelessness Reduction Act 2017. This article locates the place of governmental activity to be scrutinized as the homeless population and contends that the Homelessness Reduction 2017 (‘HRA 17ʹ) can be interpreted as operating according to three intersecting modes of problematization of the homeless: (1) biopolitical problematization; (2) governmental problematization; and (3) ethical problematization. In so doing, this article reveals that the 2017 Act reflects a shift in neoliberal thinking on homelessness in constructing images of the homeless as a “risk population”, as subjectified, autonomized individuals exhorted to self-work and ethical self-fashioning as responsibilized citizens taking account of their own housing precarity.
本文首次将福柯式的新自由主义、治理和风险框架引入到最近颁布的《2017年减少无家可归法案》中,从而对住房和无家可归法中的治理理论进行了越来越多的探索。本文将政府活动的场所定位为无家可归者,并认为2017年减少无家可归者(' HRA 17 ')可以根据无家可归者问题化的三种交叉模式来解释:(1)生物政治问题化;(2)政府问题化;(3)伦理问题化。在这样做的过程中,本文揭示了2017年法案反映了新自由主义对无家可归者的思维转变,将无家可归者塑造为“风险人群”的形象,作为主体化、自主化的个体,鼓励他们自我工作和道德自我塑造,作为负责任的公民,考虑到他们自己的住房不稳定。
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引用次数: 3
Housing Violence in the Post-welfare Context 后福利背景下的住房暴力
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1925340
Päivi Rannila
ABSTRACT Housing transformation creates conditions or situations that may be experienced as “everyday violence”, which is present in mundane life but may not necessarily be recognized as violence. This article argues that post-welfare housing violence differs from other housing violence while being affected by the society’s welfare state ideologies. Violence may develop slowly or manifest itself in subtle ways when the rights to own, use, and develop housing estates are debated. By analysing activists’ struggle against the privatization of a Swedish suburb, the article elaborates on the forms of post-welfare housing violence, and the ways in which violence is made visible and contested. The analysis reveals how post-welfare housing violence is normalized and slow violence, and how the by-product of the welfare state history is the effort to invisibilise violence in situations that were earlier public responsibility.
摘要住房改造创造的条件或情况可能被视为“日常暴力”,这种暴力存在于日常生活中,但不一定被视为暴力。本文认为,后福利住房暴力不同于其他住房暴力,同时受到社会福利国家意识形态的影响。当对拥有、使用和开发房地产的权利进行辩论时,暴力可能会缓慢发展,或以微妙的方式表现出来。通过分析活动家反对瑞典郊区私有化的斗争,文章阐述了福利后住房暴力的形式,以及暴力被揭露和质疑的方式。该分析揭示了福利后住房暴力是如何正常化和缓慢暴力的,以及福利国家历史的副产品是如何在早期公共责任的情况下努力掩盖暴力的。
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引用次数: 4
Urban Displacements: Governing Surplus and Survival in Global Capitalism 城市迁移:全球资本主义中的剩余与生存
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-04-27 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1920289
Gregory W. Fuller
Susanne Soederberg’s latest foray into the consequences of capitalism for vulnerable groups wrestles with the causes of the urban displacement – the process whereby the most precarious of urban res...
苏珊娜·索德伯格(Susanne Soederberg)对资本主义对弱势群体的影响的最新尝试与城市流离失所的原因进行了斗争——在这个过程中,最不稳定的城市居民。。。
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引用次数: 12
Obtrusive Intimacy in Multi-Owned Housing: Exploring the Impacts on Residents’ Health and Wellbeing 多产权住房中突兀性亲密关系对居民健康和幸福感的影响
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1902386
Moira Walsh, Kathy Arthurson, I. Levin
ABSTRACT In Australia, densification trends and affordability issues have led to increased numbers of people living in high-density multi-owned forms of housing. These housing forms are characterized by close living arrangements, necessitating co-operation with and consideration for neighbours. In the absence of cooperation and consideration, strained relations/disputes among tenants are common, having the potential to result in a range of negative consequences for individual health and wellbeing. While most current research has focused on large-scale developments, little attention has been given to issues arising from smaller-scale multi-owned housing. Through 26 in-depth interviews with residents in smaller multi-owned housing in Adelaide and Melbourne, and drawing on the concept of obtrusive intimacy, this article explores the issue of noise in small multi-owned housing and its impacts on privacy, neighbour relations, and health and wellbeing.
摘要在澳大利亚,人口密集化趋势和负担能力问题导致居住在高密度多户住房中的人数增加。这些住房形式的特点是居住安排紧密,需要与邻居合作并为邻居着想。在缺乏合作和考虑的情况下,租户之间的紧张关系/纠纷很常见,有可能对个人健康和福祉造成一系列负面影响。虽然目前的大多数研究都集中在大规模开发上,但很少关注小型多产权住房引起的问题。本文通过对阿德莱德和墨尔本小型多户住宅的居民进行26次深入采访,并借鉴突兀亲密的概念,探讨了小型多户住房中的噪音问题及其对隐私、邻居关系以及健康和福祉的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Reading Variegated Dispossession in an Asian Megacity 亚洲大都市的阅读变化
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.1080/14036096.2021.1901780
B. Pal, Swasti Vardhan Mishra, S. Haque, Monalisha Chakraborty
ABSTRACT This paper reads multiple shades of dispossession in an Asian megacity. The multiple dispositions talk of dispossession as an instrument that limits the autonomy and the self-sufficiency in material and non-material dimensions. In that endeavor we emphasize taking a broader picture of dispossession while pursuing critical urban theory. Through unpacking four ethnographies in Kolkata, the essay looks into dispossession, and in that process displacement and accumulation, from multiple vantage points while stressing on urban as a process that lies at the cross-section of the global capitalist development. The essay intertwines it with postcolonial reading - assemblage and worlding as they enable nuanced and contextual reading of urban emergence, negotiations, and negations. The methodology through an extended ethnography arrives at a point that dispossession is a broader concept holding intense meanings that need to be read beyond abstraction and through quintessentially nuanced postcolonial urban studies.
摘要:本文解读了亚洲特大城市中的多重剥夺。多重处置将剥夺作为一种工具,限制了物质和非物质层面的自主权和自给自足。在这一努力中,我们强调在追求批判性城市理论的同时,对剥夺现象进行更广泛的了解。通过打开加尔各答的四本民族志,本文从多个角度审视了剥夺,以及在这个过程中的流离失所和积累,同时强调了城市是一个处于全球资本主义发展横截面的过程。这篇文章将其与后殖民时代的阅读——组合和世界化交织在一起,因为它们能够对城市的出现、谈判和否定进行细致入微的背景阅读。通过扩展民族志的方法论得出这样一个观点,即剥夺是一个更广泛的概念,具有强烈的意义,需要超越抽象,通过典型的细致入微的后殖民城市研究来解读。
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引用次数: 1
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Housing Theory & Society
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