Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101588
Saliha Cetinyokus , Ahmet Durmus , Tahsin Cetinyokus
This study presents a comprehensive Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) framework for assessing road transport accidents involving dangerous goods in Turkiye. The proposed methodology integrates national accident statistics, scenario-based event tree modeling, and ALOHA software/ correlations for consequence and impact assessment. Three representative routes in İzmir were selected as pilot areas to evaluate accident frequencies, physical impact zones, and associated individual and societal risks. Results indicate that LNG and LPG transport pose the highest risk levels, with scenario frequencies exceeding the regulatory threshold (1 × 10−4/year). Population exposure analysis revealed that social risk varies significantly with local demographic density. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that both the frequency of the initiating event and population distribution are critical determinants of total risk. The study presents a data-driven, nationally adapted QRA model aligned with Turkish transport infrastructure and regulations, providing a robust decision-support tool for improving road safety and emergency preparedness in dangerous goods logistics.
{"title":"Quantitative risk analysis for transportation of dangerous goods in Turkiye","authors":"Saliha Cetinyokus , Ahmet Durmus , Tahsin Cetinyokus","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) framework for assessing road transport accidents involving dangerous goods in Turkiye. The proposed methodology integrates national accident statistics, scenario-based event tree modeling, and ALOHA software/ correlations for consequence and impact assessment. Three representative routes in İzmir were selected as pilot areas to evaluate accident frequencies, physical impact zones, and associated individual and societal risks. Results indicate that LNG and LPG transport pose the highest risk levels, with scenario frequencies exceeding the regulatory threshold (1 × 10<sup>−4</sup>/year). Population exposure analysis revealed that social risk varies significantly with local demographic density. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that both the frequency of the initiating event and population distribution are critical determinants of total risk. The study presents a data-driven, nationally adapted QRA model aligned with Turkish transport infrastructure and regulations, providing a robust decision-support tool for improving road safety and emergency preparedness in dangerous goods logistics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101577
Marios Giouroukelis, Eleni Mantouka, Eleni I. Vlahogianni
The study presents an integrated, data-driven Decision Support Tool designed to facilitate consensus-building among multiple stakeholders in traffic management. It moves beyond conventional preference-fusion techniques by offering modular components that can simulate stakeholder opinion interactions prior to formal participation and support the decision-making phases thereafter. The framework explicitly models the steps from initial opinion collection and network construction (via Bayesian Networks) to determination of a shared consensus, incorporating Opinion Dynamics and Consensus Reaching Process models. The common issues of opinion inconsistency and multitude are addressed using a linear optimization and a fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, respectively. An application of the methodology on a multi-stakeholder traffic management, namely the synchronization of a demand responsive transport (DRT) system to the backbone of the PT network, is presented, using opinion and interaction data elicited from multiple decision-makers from Athens (GR), Lisbon (PT), Manchester (UK) and Rennes (FR), using a structured questionnaire survey. Results indicate that network efficiency is the primary concern for DRT synchronization strategies, with recommendations emphasizing the importance of modelling stakeholder conflicts, coalition formation, and minority influence in consensus building.
{"title":"Achieving stakeholder consensus in transport: An integrated modelling approach","authors":"Marios Giouroukelis, Eleni Mantouka, Eleni I. Vlahogianni","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study presents an integrated, data-driven Decision Support Tool designed to facilitate consensus-building among multiple stakeholders in traffic management. It moves beyond conventional preference-fusion techniques by offering modular components that can simulate stakeholder opinion interactions prior to formal participation and support the decision-making phases thereafter. The framework explicitly models the steps from initial opinion collection and network construction (via Bayesian Networks) to determination of a shared consensus, incorporating Opinion Dynamics and Consensus Reaching Process models. The common issues of opinion inconsistency and multitude are addressed using a linear optimization and a fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, respectively. An application of the methodology on a multi-stakeholder traffic management, namely the synchronization of a demand responsive transport (DRT) system to the backbone of the PT network, is presented, using opinion and interaction data elicited from multiple decision-makers from Athens (GR), Lisbon (PT), Manchester (UK) and Rennes (FR), using a structured questionnaire survey. Results indicate that network efficiency is the primary concern for DRT synchronization strategies, with recommendations emphasizing the importance of modelling stakeholder conflicts, coalition formation, and minority influence in consensus building.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101577"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101631
Jiahui Li , Sang Yoon Lee , Paul H. Jung
Dry ports serve as critical logistics nodes linking seaports with inland hinterlands, yet their environmental impacts—particularly on urban air quality—remain insufficiently examined. This study investigates the causal relationship between dry port development and urban PM₂.₅ concentrations using data from 29 dry ports across 81 cities in China from 2006 to 2021. Using a Difference-in-Differences (DID) framework, this research quantifies the environmental impacts of dry port operations on PM₂.₅ pollution. However, substantial geographic heterogeneity emerges: pollution reductions are most pronounced in cities located 150–600 km from seaports and in regions with developed railway infrastructure, whereas dry ports beyond 750 km from seaports exhibit adverse environmental impacts. Additionally, environmental benefits prove stronger in less economically developed cities and coastal provinces. Overall, the findings demonstrate that environmental benefits are not inherent to dry port development but depend critically on planning integration, regulatory capacity, and transport system maturity. The study emphasizes the importance of considering environmental benefits in dry port policy design and underscores the need for flexible implementation pathways that reflect differences in regional development stages and transport infrastructure maturity.
{"title":"Dry port development and hinterland air quality: Evidence from dry port developments in China","authors":"Jiahui Li , Sang Yoon Lee , Paul H. Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dry ports serve as critical logistics nodes linking seaports with inland hinterlands, yet their environmental impacts—particularly on urban air quality—remain insufficiently examined. This study investigates the causal relationship between dry port development and urban PM₂.₅ concentrations using data from 29 dry ports across 81 cities in China from 2006 to 2021. Using a Difference-in-Differences (DID) framework, this research quantifies the environmental impacts of dry port operations on PM₂.₅ pollution. However, substantial geographic heterogeneity emerges: pollution reductions are most pronounced in cities located 150–600 km from seaports and in regions with developed railway infrastructure, whereas dry ports beyond 750 km from seaports exhibit adverse environmental impacts. Additionally, environmental benefits prove stronger in less economically developed cities and coastal provinces. Overall, the findings demonstrate that environmental benefits are not inherent to dry port development but depend critically on planning integration, regulatory capacity, and transport system maturity. The study emphasizes the importance of considering environmental benefits in dry port policy design and underscores the need for flexible implementation pathways that reflect differences in regional development stages and transport infrastructure maturity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101631"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101620
Susheng Zha
This paper employs a historical institutionalism and dynamic cost–benefit analysis (CBA) framework to examine the evolution and eventual abolition of China’s Ship Visa System (SVS) from 1952 to 2017. While existing literature often focuses on discrete regulatory changes, this study provides a longitudinal analysis of a single instrument’s lifecycle, supplemented by post-2017 reform evaluations and in-depth international comparisons. We argue that the SVS evolved from a simple administrative license into a multi-functional regulatory node, central to safety inspection, fee collection, and data aggregation. Our analysis demonstrates that the system’s benefit-to-cost ratio remained positive as long as its ancillary functions—particularly port fee collection—generated significant revenue and operational intelligence. However, the nationwide abolition of port and shipping fees served as a critical juncture, inverting this ratio and leading to the system’s termination as costs (primarily administrative burden and transaction costs) outweighed diminishing benefits. By conducting a systematic comparison between the SVS and the European Union’s River Information Services (RIS), we clarify their similarities, differences, and relative strengths/weaknesses amid maritime digitalization. We also analyze the post-2017 Vessel Entry-Exit Report System (VESREP) as the SVS’s successor, offering cross-temporal insights for global maritime governance. This study theorizes a “regulatory lifecycle model” for maritime governance instruments, positing that sustainability depends on maintaining positive net value amid technological change, policy shifts, and functional unbundling. The research contributes to scholarship on regulatory reform, policy termination, and the political economy of maritime administration.
{"title":"China’s ship visa system and regulatory lifecycle in maritime governance (1952–2017)","authors":"Susheng Zha","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper employs a historical institutionalism and dynamic cost–benefit analysis (CBA) framework to examine the evolution and eventual abolition of China’s Ship Visa System (SVS) from 1952 to 2017. While existing literature often focuses on discrete regulatory changes, this study provides a longitudinal analysis of a single instrument’s lifecycle, supplemented by post-2017 reform evaluations and in-depth international comparisons. We argue that the SVS evolved from a simple administrative license into a multi-functional regulatory node, central to safety inspection, fee collection, and data aggregation. Our analysis demonstrates that the system’s benefit-to-cost ratio remained positive as long as its ancillary functions—particularly port fee collection—generated significant revenue and operational intelligence. However, the nationwide abolition of port and shipping fees served as a critical juncture, inverting this ratio and leading to the system’s termination as costs (primarily administrative burden and transaction costs) outweighed diminishing benefits. By conducting a systematic comparison between the SVS and the European Union’s River Information Services (RIS), we clarify their similarities, differences, and relative strengths/weaknesses amid maritime digitalization. We also analyze the post-2017 Vessel Entry-Exit Report System (VESREP) as the SVS’s successor, offering cross-temporal insights for global maritime governance. This study theorizes a “regulatory lifecycle model” for maritime governance instruments, positing that sustainability depends on maintaining positive net value amid technological change, policy shifts, and functional unbundling. The research contributes to scholarship on regulatory reform, policy termination, and the political economy of maritime administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101620"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101561
Chenxi Fan , Abdul Rahman
The research aims to elucidate the impact of corporate sustainable policies on the reduction of carbon footprint within the business travel sector, with a focus on the mediating role of employee consciousness and the moderating influence of travel technology adoption. A survey-based, time-lagged study was conducted, drawing on responses from employees across various industries engaged in corporate travel. Findings suggest that corporate sustainable policies significantly contribute to the reduction of carbon footprint when employees exhibit high levels of environmental consciousness. Furthermore, the adoption of travel technologies was found to enhance this relationship, albeit differentially across various levels of technology integration. The study's implications emphasize the importance of fostering employee environmental consciousness and investing in travel technology for businesses aiming to realize their sustainability objectives. These insights have practical ramifications for corporate policy formulation, suggesting a strategic alignment of human resource initiatives with sustainability goals to amplify environmental performance.
{"title":"Greening business travel in China: Exploring the pathways from corporate sustainable policies to reduced carbon operations footprint with employee consciousness and travel technology adoption","authors":"Chenxi Fan , Abdul Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research aims to elucidate the impact of corporate sustainable policies on the reduction of carbon footprint within the business travel sector, with a focus on the mediating role of employee consciousness and the moderating influence of travel technology adoption. A survey-based, time-lagged study was conducted, drawing on responses from employees across various industries engaged in corporate travel. Findings suggest that corporate sustainable policies significantly contribute to the reduction of carbon footprint when employees exhibit high levels of environmental consciousness. Furthermore, the adoption of travel technologies was found to enhance this relationship, albeit differentially across various levels of technology integration. The study's implications emphasize the importance of fostering employee environmental consciousness and investing in travel technology for businesses aiming to realize their sustainability objectives. These insights have practical ramifications for corporate policy formulation, suggesting a strategic alignment of human resource initiatives with sustainability goals to amplify environmental performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101618
Zheng Wang , Rong Deng , Robbie Napper , Zhiyuan Wang
The development of age-friendly smart bus services is a vital aspect of sustainable urban development and sustainable transport, particularly in the context of an increasingly aging population and the growing demand for elderly-adaptive transit systems. However, significant research gaps remain in understanding the user experience of older adults in such systems. Moreover, how to optimize smart transit services to encourage seniors' outdoor activities and consumption—thereby promoting the silver economy and achieving truly sustainable smart public transport—has yet to receive sufficient scholarly attention. This study adopts a mixed-methods approach combining user interviews, literature review, and Process Chain Network (PCN) analysis to design an integrated age-friendly smart bus service system. The proposed system encompasses digital mobile applications, physical vehicles, and operational service mechanisms. A corresponding user experience evaluation scale was developed and validated using factor analysis and linear regression. Seven key dimensions were identified: service quality, information accessibility, operational scheduling, interpersonal interaction, social equity, perceived usefulness, and environmental atmosphere. All were found to positively influence satisfaction. Among them, service quality, information accessibility, operational scheduling, and perceived usefulness consistently played a dominant role in both real-time experience and overall satisfaction assessments, warranting prioritized focus. This study establishes for the first time a user experience evaluation scale for aging-friendly smart bus services and proposes a systematic service design framework. By constructing a satisfaction model, the design is validated and the priority differences among factors between real-time experience and overall satisfaction are compared. The findings provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for optimizing such services, demonstrating significant research value.
{"title":"Bridging the digital divide in older adults' smart public transport experience: A design proposal and validation study based on PCN and factor analysis","authors":"Zheng Wang , Rong Deng , Robbie Napper , Zhiyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of age-friendly smart bus services is a vital aspect of sustainable urban development and sustainable transport, particularly in the context of an increasingly aging population and the growing demand for elderly-adaptive transit systems. However, significant research gaps remain in understanding the user experience of older adults in such systems. Moreover, how to optimize smart transit services to encourage seniors' outdoor activities and consumption—thereby promoting the silver economy and achieving truly sustainable smart public transport—has yet to receive sufficient scholarly attention. This study adopts a mixed-methods approach combining user interviews, literature review, and Process Chain Network (PCN) analysis to design an integrated age-friendly smart bus service system. The proposed system encompasses digital mobile applications, physical vehicles, and operational service mechanisms. A corresponding user experience evaluation scale was developed and validated using factor analysis and linear regression. Seven key dimensions were identified: service quality, information accessibility, operational scheduling, interpersonal interaction, social equity, perceived usefulness, and environmental atmosphere. All were found to positively influence satisfaction. Among them, service quality, information accessibility, operational scheduling, and perceived usefulness consistently played a dominant role in both real-time experience and overall satisfaction assessments, warranting prioritized focus. This study establishes for the first time a user experience evaluation scale for aging-friendly smart bus services and proposes a systematic service design framework. By constructing a satisfaction model, the design is validated and the priority differences among factors between real-time experience and overall satisfaction are compared. The findings provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for optimizing such services, demonstrating significant research value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101626
Minh-Anh Thi Nguyen
Aviation sector contributes 2.5% of global CO₂ emissions and 4% of global warming, making it a rapidly growing contributor of climate change. Without urgent action, aviation emissions are projected to triple by 2050. This study addresses the pressing need for effective mitigation strategies by examining the eco-productivity changes and their drivers among US airlines from 2018 to 2022, a period marked by stricter environmental regulations and the COVID-19 pandemic. To provide a more robust assessment of eco-productivity change, this study introduces a new Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index that utilizes a non-convex biennial production frontier. This approach effectively incorporates undesirable outputs into productivity change assessments, resolves potential infeasibility issues, and ensures more consistent, reliable estimation. The index further enables evaluation of how changes in technology, eco-efficiency, and operational scale shaped eco-productivity trends and help identify industry benchmarks. Our findings reveal an initial decline in eco-productivity due to the pandemic, followed by a rebound driven by technological innovation and improved management, alongside a shift to decreasing returns to scale. The recovery rates varied among US airlines, reflecting diverse abilities to balance economic viability with environmental responsibility. Building on these results, we provide practical strategies for the airlines to balance between sustainability and economic viability by pinpointing key areas of progress and highlighting opportunities for improvement. Furthermore, benchmarking facilitates knowledge sharing across the industry, enabling airlines to learn from best practices to drive the collective progress of the industry.
{"title":"Eco-productivity changes of US airlines during turbulent times: A non-convex biennial Malmquist-Luenberger index approach","authors":"Minh-Anh Thi Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aviation sector contributes 2.5% of global CO₂ emissions and 4% of global warming, making it a rapidly growing contributor of climate change. Without urgent action, aviation emissions are projected to triple by 2050. This study addresses the pressing need for effective mitigation strategies by examining the eco-productivity changes and their drivers among US airlines from 2018 to 2022, a period marked by stricter environmental regulations and the COVID-19 pandemic. To provide a more robust assessment of eco-productivity change, this study introduces a new Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index that utilizes a non-convex biennial production frontier. This approach effectively incorporates undesirable outputs into productivity change assessments, resolves potential infeasibility issues, and ensures more consistent, reliable estimation. The index further enables evaluation of how changes in technology, eco-efficiency, and operational scale shaped eco-productivity trends and help identify industry benchmarks. Our findings reveal an initial decline in eco-productivity due to the pandemic, followed by a rebound driven by technological innovation and improved management, alongside a shift to decreasing returns to scale. The recovery rates varied among US airlines, reflecting diverse abilities to balance economic viability with environmental responsibility. Building on these results, we provide practical strategies for the airlines to balance between sustainability and economic viability by pinpointing key areas of progress and highlighting opportunities for improvement. Furthermore, benchmarking facilitates knowledge sharing across the industry, enabling airlines to learn from best practices to drive the collective progress of the industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147420286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101634
Ondřej Špetík , Hana Fitzová , Zdeněk Tomeš , Vilém Pařil
Recent evidence from competitive European rail routes has shown that rail competition substantially influences fare dynamics. This paper investigates the impact of competition on fare development in two liberalized rail markets, Czechia and Austria, between 2019 and 2024. Average fares in Austria were approximately twice as high as in Czechia, reflecting higher income levels, faster rail services, and differences in discount schemes. While new entrants initially adopted low-price strategies to gain market share, their long-term strategies diverged. Some of the operators maintained relatively stable prices and low fares, whereas others shifted towards more flexible pricing.
The structure and intensity of dynamic pricing were closely tied to market structure. Highly competitive markets exhibited stronger price variability across days of the week as well as across purchase lead times. Less competitive markets displayed more stable pricing patterns. These findings highlight that mature rail competition does not lead to uniform price reductions but fosters differentiated pricing strategies.
{"title":"Rail competition and price dynamics in Czechia and Austria","authors":"Ondřej Špetík , Hana Fitzová , Zdeněk Tomeš , Vilém Pařil","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent evidence from competitive European rail routes has shown that rail competition substantially influences fare dynamics. This paper investigates the impact of competition on fare development in two liberalized rail markets, Czechia and Austria, between 2019 and 2024. Average fares in Austria were approximately twice as high as in Czechia, reflecting higher income levels, faster rail services, and differences in discount schemes. While new entrants initially adopted low-price strategies to gain market share, their long-term strategies diverged. Some of the operators maintained relatively stable prices and low fares, whereas others shifted towards more flexible pricing.</div><div>The structure and intensity of dynamic pricing were closely tied to market structure. Highly competitive markets exhibited stronger price variability across days of the week as well as across purchase lead times. Less competitive markets displayed more stable pricing patterns. These findings highlight that mature rail competition does not lead to uniform price reductions but fosters differentiated pricing strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147420336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper investigates whether refrigerated diesel light commercial vehicles (D-LCVs) could be substituted by refrigerated electric LCVs (E-LCVs) or hydrogen LCVs (H2-LCVs), considering both their economic and logistics performances. The economic performance is evaluated via the total cost of ownership (TCO) methodology, while the logistics one is estimated via a multi-agent simulation model. If LCVs are operated in urban contexts, we find that both alternative powertrains exhibit operational parity versus D-LCVs, irrespective of the weather conditions. In terms of TCO, however, only E-LCVs are almost competitive with D-LCVs, while H2-LCVs are by far costlier. If LCVs are used to distribute refrigerated goods in regional contexts (with longer travel distances), E-LCVs show lower logistical efficiency than D-LCVs under normal conditions, further exacerbated in extreme weather, although they have better TCO metrics. On the contrary, H2-LCVs achieved similar logistical efficiency than D-LCVs but continue to show very poor economics.
{"title":"Economic and logistical performance of refrigerated electric and hydrogen light commercial vehicles. A total cost of ownership and hybrid simulation perspective","authors":"Romeo Danielis , Arsalan Muhammad Khan Niazi , Mariangela Scorrano , Manuela Masutti","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper investigates whether refrigerated diesel light commercial vehicles (D-LCVs) could be substituted by refrigerated electric LCVs (E-LCVs) or hydrogen LCVs (H2-LCVs), considering both their economic and logistics performances. The economic performance is evaluated via the total cost of ownership (TCO) methodology, while the logistics one is estimated via a multi-agent simulation model. If LCVs are operated in urban contexts, we find that both alternative powertrains exhibit operational parity versus D-LCVs, irrespective of the weather conditions. In terms of TCO, however, only E-LCVs are almost competitive with D-LCVs, while H2-LCVs are by far costlier. If LCVs are used to distribute refrigerated goods in regional contexts (with longer travel distances), E-LCVs show lower logistical efficiency than D-LCVs under normal conditions, further exacerbated in extreme weather, although they have better TCO metrics. On the contrary, H2-LCVs achieved similar logistical efficiency than D-LCVs but continue to show very poor economics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101596
Büşra Yılmaz , Murat Oturakçı , Uğur Eliiyi , Deniz Türsel Eliiyi , Esra Ekinci
Dry ports are a strategic necessity in Türkiye's Aegean Region due to increasing demand and limited port capacity. This study suggests an integrated, sustainability-oriented approach that combines Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods, and scenario-based mathematical optimization for dry port location in the Aegean Region of Türkiye. First, 17 spatial and non-spatial criteria derived from expert surveys and literature review were weighted by the Best-Worst Method (BWM). The criteria were transformed into suitability maps in a GIS environment. Second, the candidate areas were assessed with a two-objective optimization model under different scenarios subject to certain constraints. Based on the model results used in the study, suitable areas were identified as Aydın-Karpuzlu, İzmir-Tire, and Denizli-Denizler. The analyses conducted within this study are not limited to spatial analysis. This study, which has the potential to guide strategic decision-making processes, can be considered a very powerful practical tool for decision-makers.
{"title":"Dry port site selection in Türkiye: Spatial and optimization-based analysis","authors":"Büşra Yılmaz , Murat Oturakçı , Uğur Eliiyi , Deniz Türsel Eliiyi , Esra Ekinci","doi":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rtbm.2026.101596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dry ports are a strategic necessity in Türkiye's Aegean Region due to increasing demand and limited port capacity. This study suggests an integrated, sustainability-oriented approach that combines Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods, and scenario-based mathematical optimization for dry port location in the Aegean Region of Türkiye. First, 17 spatial and non-spatial criteria derived from expert surveys and literature review were weighted by the Best-Worst Method (BWM). The criteria were transformed into suitability maps in a GIS environment. Second, the candidate areas were assessed with a two-objective optimization model under different scenarios subject to certain constraints. Based on the model results used in the study, suitable areas were identified as Aydın-Karpuzlu, İzmir-Tire, and Denizli-Denizler. The analyses conducted within this study are not limited to spatial analysis. This study, which has the potential to guide strategic decision-making processes, can be considered a very powerful practical tool for decision-makers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47453,"journal":{"name":"Research in Transportation Business and Management","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145941382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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