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Initial Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of New Survey Measures to Evaluate Family Outcomes of Kinship and Adoption Navigator Programs 评估亲属关系和收养领航员项目家庭结果的新调查措施的信度和效度的初步证据
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231208564
Lucia M. Reyes, Sarah Kaye, Stephanie Hood
Kinship navigator programs (KNPs) are an important strategy to prevent overreliance on the use of foster care, but the evidence for their effectiveness is still emergent. One of the challenges in building the evidence of KNPs is the lack of culturally responsive measures to assess program-specific outcomes. Four new measures were codesigned with advisors to the Ohio Kinship and Adoption Navigator Program, including service providers and caregivers with lived expertise, to assess the most proximal outcomes of the program: satisfaction with services, self-identified family needs, caregiver resourcefulness to meet children’s needs, and accessibility of community resources. Psychometric testing with 194 kinship caregivers and adoptive parents shows promising evidence for the measures’ reliability and validity. The findings have implications for navigator programs aiming to specify and measure proximal outcomes that are tailored to their program’s design.
亲属导航程序(KNPs)是防止过度依赖寄养使用的重要策略,但其有效性的证据仍然是新兴的。在建立KNPs证据方面面临的挑战之一是缺乏对文化有反应的措施来评估具体项目的成果。与俄亥俄州亲属关系和收养领航员计划的顾问(包括服务提供者和具有生活经验的照顾者)共同设计了四项新措施,以评估该计划的最接近结果:对服务的满意度、自我确定的家庭需求、照顾者满足儿童需求的足智多谋以及社区资源的可及性。对194名亲属照顾者和养父母进行了心理测量测试,结果表明量表的信效度较高。研究结果对导航程序具有启示意义,旨在指定和测量根据其程序设计量身定制的近端结果。
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引用次数: 0
Experiences and Service Utilization of American Indian/Alaskan Native Kinship Caregivers in Kinship Navigator Programs Across Washington State 美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著亲属照护者在华盛顿州亲属导航项目中的经验与服务利用
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231193779
Angelique Day, Ellen Barton, Suzanne Cross, Cheryl Miller, Joylina Gonzales
Kinship caregiving, especially the phenomenon of grandparents providing sole care for their grandchildren, occurs at a higher rate in American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) communities than in any other demographic group. In 2017, the State of Washington allocated resources to seven tribes to build and implement culturally relevant kinship navigation programs. Survey results ( N = 70) of AI/AN kinship caregivers in the state indicate that caregiver needs, service access, and utilization look different in tribal communities as compared with research conducted in nontribal communities. Specifically, AI/AN caregivers are more likely to report challenges with obtaining housing, transportation, and working with their kinship children’s school than nontribal caregivers. Focus groups with tribal kinship navigators ( N = 9) from five of these seven programs describe the greatest challenges they’ve experienced with program implementation including program eligibility, what kinship caregivers most often ask for assistance with, what system-level disparities that exist between tribal and nontribal kinship navigator programs and provide suggestions for program improvement.
亲属照顾,特别是祖父母独自照顾孙辈的现象,在美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民(AI/AN)社区的发生率高于任何其他人口群体。2017年,华盛顿州为七个部落分配了资源,以建立和实施与文化相关的亲属导航项目。对该州AI/AN亲属照护者的调查结果(N = 70)表明,与在非部落社区进行的研究相比,部落社区的照护者需求、服务获取和利用情况有所不同。具体而言,人工智能/人工智能护理人员比非部落护理人员更有可能报告在获得住房、交通和与亲属子女学校合作方面的挑战。来自这七个项目中的五个项目的部落亲属关系导航员(N = 9)的焦点小组描述了他们在项目实施中遇到的最大挑战,包括项目资格、亲属关系照顾者最常要求的帮助、部落和非部落亲属关系导航员项目之间存在的系统层面的差异,并提供了项目改进的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Preventive Legal Services for Kinship Care: Reducing the Need for Foster Care with Family First 亲属关怀的预防性法律服务:减少以家庭为先的寄养需求
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231201744
Amanda Rose Brown, Kaela Byers, Priya Vanchy Kadavasal, Dennis Alford, April L. Diaz, Becci A. Akin, Meghan Cizek
This study examines the implementation of preventive legal services for kinship families within the Family First Prevention Services Act (FFPSA) service array. A university research team, contracted by the Title IV-E agency to evaluate the FFPSA programs, interviewed legal staff and kinship caregivers to understand how the provision of preventive legal services impacts the prevention-related needs of families. Findings suggest that the provision of free legal services can prevent children in kinship families from entering foster care by enhancing access to the services needed to ensure youth have legal membership in families that maintain their cultural and community ties. Future implementation should consider preventive legal services in the prevention service array, and how the referral mechanisms and systems of support surrounding kinship families can coordinate to ensure that more children can remain with their families.
本研究考察了家庭第一预防服务法(FFPSA)服务阵列内亲属家庭预防性法律服务的实施情况。一个受Title IV-E机构委托的大学研究小组评估了FFPSA项目,他们采访了法律工作人员和亲属照顾者,以了解预防性法律服务的提供如何影响家庭的预防相关需求。调查结果表明,提供免费法律服务可以通过增加获得所需服务的机会来防止亲属家庭中的儿童进入寄养,从而确保青年在保持其文化和社区联系的家庭中拥有合法成员资格。今后的实施应考虑预防服务中的预防性法律服务,以及如何协调亲属家庭周围的转诊机制和支持系统,以确保更多的儿童能够留在他们的家庭。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptualizations of Permanency in an Online Foster Care Community 在线寄养社区的持久性概念
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231209799
John Fowler, Angelique Day, Mark Zachry
Permanency generally refers to long-lasting family connections and support for youth. Historically, the U.S. child welfare system has focused primarily on legal permanency. Relational and cultural permanency has recently gained some attention while being largely left out of federal policy. This study provides a statistical analysis of permanency-related terms in posts from an online community of people with lived experience in foster care. The results indicate that people with lived experience discussed topics of legal, relational, and cultural permanency more frequently than people who have not spent time in foster care, with a focus on aging out, religion, holidays, friends, loneliness, and community. People with lived experience also discussed permanency-related topics in help-seeking ways. Implications include the need to broaden the understanding of permanency through recommendations for policy and practice.
永久性通常指的是持久的家庭关系和对年轻人的支持。从历史上看,美国儿童福利制度主要侧重于法律上的永久地位。关系和文化的持久性最近得到了一些关注,但在很大程度上被排除在联邦政策之外。本研究提供了一个统计分析的持久性相关术语的帖子从网上社区的人生活在寄养经验。结果表明,与没有寄养经历的人相比,有生活经历的人更频繁地讨论法律、关系和文化持久性的话题,重点是老龄化、宗教、假期、朋友、孤独和社区。有生活经验的人也以寻求帮助的方式讨论与永久性相关的话题。其影响包括需要通过对政策和实践提出建议来扩大对持久性的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Associations Between Family Resilience, Child Flourishing, and School Engagement Among Children in Kinship Care 亲属照护儿童家庭弹性、儿童成长与学校参与的关系
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231200660
Anthony Gómez, Sofia Guo, Caitlin Lau
While family resilience can diminish the risk of negative health outcomes among children in kinship care, less research examines if family resilience shapes positive indicators of development. Given previous studies have reported lower social-emotional competence and school engagement among children in relative care, additional research is needed to understand how kinship families support the flourishing and school engagement of their children. Using data from the 2017–2019 National Survey of Children’s Health, this study examines associations between family resilience and two positive indicators of developmental well-being, child flourishing and school engagement. Analyses showed family resilience was positively associated with child flourishing and school engagement. Findings suggest adapting family resilience interventions to the needs of kinship families may be an effective way of promoting the holistic well-being of children in kinship care.
虽然家庭复原力可以减少亲属照料儿童出现负面健康结果的风险,但较少有研究审查家庭复原力是否会影响发展的积极指标。鉴于先前的研究报告了相对照顾儿童的社会情感能力和学校参与度较低,需要进一步的研究来了解亲属家庭如何支持他们的孩子的成长和学校参与度。本研究利用2017-2019年全国儿童健康调查的数据,研究了家庭弹性与发展福祉、儿童繁荣和学校参与度这两个积极指标之间的关系。分析显示,家庭弹性与儿童成长和学校参与呈正相关。研究结果表明,适应亲属家庭需求的家庭弹性干预可能是促进亲属照顾儿童整体福祉的有效途径。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship Between the Family Environment and Community Context on LGBTQ+ Youth’s Disordered Eating Behaviors 家庭环境与社区背景对LGBTQ+青少年饮食失调行为的影响
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231194800
Megan S. Paceley, Ryan J. Watson, Jessica N. Fish, Clayton Jarrard, Virginia Ramseyer Winter, Shanna K Kattari, Samantha Walter
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) youth experience disparate rates of disordered eating behaviors (DEB; purging, restricting food intake, and binge eating) compared with cisgender and/or heterosexual youth. Yet we have limited data examining the mechanisms that contribute to DEB among LGBTQ+ youth. This study examined associations among family acceptance and rejection and community context (acceptance, support, involvement, and bullying) on LGBTQ+ youth DEB, using data from the LGBTQ National Teen Survey ( N = 7,901) collected in 2017. Findings indicate that DEB for weight control and binge-eating DEB were positively related to family rejection and LGBTQ+-based bullying and negatively related to LGBTQ+ community acceptance and support. Findings from this study have implications for individual-, family-, and community-level interventions to support LGBTQ+ youth.
女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别和酷儿(LGBTQ+)青少年的饮食失调行为发生率不同(DEB;净化,限制食物摄入,暴饮暴食)与顺性和/或异性恋青年相比。然而,我们对LGBTQ+青年中导致DEB的机制的研究数据有限。本研究使用2017年收集的LGBTQ全国青少年调查(N = 7,901)的数据,研究了家庭接受和拒绝与LGBTQ+青少年DEB的社区环境(接受、支持、参与和欺凌)之间的关系。结果表明,体重控制和暴食性人格障碍与家庭排斥和LGBTQ+欺凌呈正相关,与LGBTQ+社区接受和支持呈负相关。本研究的发现对支持LGBTQ+青年的个人、家庭和社区层面的干预具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 0
The Experiences of Asian Americans Who Intermarry in the United States: A Qualitative Study 亚裔美国人在美国异族通婚的经历:一项定性研究
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231193377
Geoffrey L. Greif, Yoonzie Chung, Haelim Lee, Peiyuan Zhang
Intermarriage is noted to be a difficult adjustment as culture, language, and family expectations can clash. Given the rising intermarried population and the challenges they may face, social workers need an up-to-date understanding of these couples’ experiences to better provide services. Surveys and interviews with 11 Asian women and 2 Asian men who intermarried were conducted from 2020 to 2021. Using grounded theory coding, each author on our biracial (Asian and white) team read interviews and identified themes. We identified five themes from the data: Societal Press, White Privilege, Family Relations, Communication, and Parental Responsibilities. Social work practitioners may employ these results in providing culturally sensitive strength-based services for interracial families.
异族通婚被认为是一个难以适应的过程,因为文化、语言和家庭期望可能会发生冲突。鉴于异族通婚人口的增加以及他们可能面临的挑战,社会工作者需要对这些夫妇的经历有一个最新的了解,以更好地提供服务。从2020年到2021年,对11名异族通婚的亚洲女性和2名亚洲男性进行了调查和访谈。使用扎实的理论编码,我们的混血(亚洲人和白人)团队的每个作者都阅读采访并确定主题。我们从数据中确定了五个主题:社会媒体、白人特权、家庭关系、沟通和父母责任。社会工作从业者可以利用这些结果为跨种族家庭提供文化敏感的基于力量的服务。
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引用次数: 0
Do I Belong Here? Experiences of Transgender Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Domestic Violence Shelters 我属于这里吗?家庭暴力庇护所中亲密伴侣暴力的跨性别幸存者的经历
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231196929
Sarah R. Leat, Kristen Ravi, Abha Rai, Caterina Obenauf, Sean Bryant
Transgender survivors experience high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) compared with cisgender survivors. In addition, transgender survivors face barriers to seeking help from domestic violence shelters due to concerns surrounding discrimination because of their gender identity. Understanding the experiences of transgender survivors in shelters is critical to ensuring inclusive, gender-affirming services are available. This study used a multi-case study to present the findings of interviews with three trans women staying in a domestic violence shelter that housed women. Findings reveal experiences of micro- and macro-aggressions from cisgender residents within the shelter, the juxtaposition of feeling both safe and unsafe, and discussions around toxic masculinity and male-perpetrated violence. Results demonstrate the importance of culturally responsive training for shelter staff and educating shelter residents to increase inclusiveness for transgender survivors in domestic violence shelters.
与顺性幸存者相比,跨性别幸存者经历亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的比例很高。此外,由于担心因性别认同而受到歧视,跨性别幸存者在向家庭暴力庇护所寻求帮助时面临障碍。了解庇护所中跨性别幸存者的经历对于确保提供包容性的性别肯定服务至关重要。本研究采用多个案研究的方法,对住在家庭暴力庇护所的三名跨性别女性进行访谈。调查结果揭示了庇护所内顺性居民的微观和宏观侵犯经历,安全感和不安全感的并置,以及关于有毒男性气质和男性暴力行为的讨论。结果表明,对收容所工作人员进行文化响应性培训,并对收容所居民进行教育,以增加家庭暴力收容所对跨性别幸存者的包容性,这是非常重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Black Fathers’ Perspectives About Early Childhood Adversity and Toxic Stress: Results From Focus Groups 黑人父亲对儿童早期逆境和有毒压力的看法:焦点小组的结果
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231193867
Paula Marie Powe, Cortney VanHook, Allison Collier, Mark Nakhla, Isaiah Crum, Megan Hamm, Elizabeth Miller
Black children in the United States disproportionately experience early childhood adversity and toxic stress, which can lead to long-term negative physical and mental health outcomes. Mothers are traditionally enrolled in intervention programs to help address this while fathers typically are not. This study assessed Black fathers’ perspectives about early childhood adversity and toxic stress to begin to understand this public health concern through their lens. Sixteen self-identified Black fathers watched a six-minute animation about toxic stress, neurodevelopment, and resilience, and engaged in focus group discussions. Fathers identified unique and culture-specific contributors to early childhood adversity and toxic stress, as well as their inherent strengths and needs to help protect children. Implications for social work practice, particularly related to Black father engagement in early childhood prevention and intervention programs, are discussed.
在美国,黑人儿童在童年早期经历的逆境和有毒的压力不成比例,这可能导致长期的负面身心健康结果。传统上,母亲会参加干预项目来帮助解决这个问题,而父亲通常不会。这项研究评估了黑人父亲对儿童早期逆境和有毒压力的看法,开始通过他们的镜头理解这一公共卫生问题。16位自认为是黑人父亲的人观看了一部关于有毒压力、神经发育和复原力的6分钟动画,并参加了焦点小组讨论。父亲们确定了造成儿童早期逆境和有毒压力的独特和特定文化因素,以及他们帮助保护儿童的内在优势和需求。对社会工作实践的影响,特别是与黑人父亲参与早期儿童预防和干预计划有关的影响,进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Kinship Caregiver and Family Characteristics on Kinship Care Experiences 亲属照顾者和家庭特征对亲属照顾体验的影响
4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231204533
Ayomide A. Foluso, Brianna Routh, Mark B. Schure, Daniel J. Koltz
Kinship care is the increasingly preferred child placement with a relative when the biological parents are unable to provide care. Program and resource supports must understand how to best meet these caregivers’ needs. Through thematic analysis of existing literature, this study aims to understand how kin caregiver characteristics affect kinship care outcomes. A total of 28 peer-reviewed articles were included in this analysis. Findings indicate that caregiver characteristics, including racial differences, family roles, economic burden, structural supports, and caregiver health, have potentially differential impacts on kinship care and outcomes. Identifying influential caregiver characteristics highlights the importance of adapting policy, programming, and research to support diverse kinship families, rather than viewing them as homogeneous. Incorporation of these characteristic considerations may lead to more effective and impactful supports and improved well-being for all kinship families.
当亲生父母无法提供照顾时,亲属照顾是越来越受欢迎的儿童安置方式。项目和资源支持必须了解如何最好地满足这些照顾者的需求。通过对已有文献的专题分析,本研究旨在了解亲属照顾者特征对亲属照顾结果的影响。本分析共纳入了28篇同行评议文章。研究结果表明,照顾者特征,包括种族差异、家庭角色、经济负担、结构支持和照顾者健康,对亲属照顾和结果有潜在的差异影响。确定有影响的照顾者特征突出了调整政策、规划和研究以支持不同亲属家庭的重要性,而不是将其视为同质家庭。将这些特征考虑结合起来,可能会为所有亲属家庭提供更有效和更有影响力的支持,并改善其福祉。
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引用次数: 0
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Families in Society-The Journal of Contemporary Social Services
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