American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine最新文献

Age-related muscle loss is associated with a wide range of negative consequences. Handgrip strength (HGS) assessment provides information about age-related muscle loss, and strength training is one lifestyle factor that helps preserve muscle mass. Whether information about HGS and its link to health outcomes can impact patients is unknown. The Healthy Aging intervention pairs HGS feedback with information about age-related muscle loss and protective steps one can take. Objective: The objective was to gather feasibility information of the Healthy Aging intervention. Methods: Participants (N = 177) recruited from a primary care clinic were randomly assigned to the Healthy Aging intervention (N = 86) or control condition (N = 91). Participants completed a survey that assessed readiness to engage in strength training behaviors and provided feedback on the intervention (e.g., useful, easy to understand). Results: Recruitment yielded a sample with age M = 63.03 years, SD = 13.31, 52% of whom reported having engaged in no days of strength training in the past week. Ninety one percent of patients found HGS feedback useful, and 75% found the information easy to understand. Trends in behavioral readiness to change favored the intervention. Conclusion: Results support moving towards a sufficiently powered efficacy trial of the Healthy Aging intervention.

The escalating global burden of chronic disease, increasing health inequities, and provider burnout require innovative care models. Shared medical appointments (SMAs) are group-based interventions with potential to advance the Quintuple Aim framework: patient experience, population health, cost reduction, provider wellbeing, and health equity. This review critically synthesizes evidence regarding SMAs' capacity to meet the Quintuple Aim in lifestyle and chronic disease care. Peer-reviewed studies, including systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational research, were selected through biomedical database searches including Medline CINHAL Joanna Briggs Institute and PubMed. Criteria: SMAs (and other related terms) addressing one or more Quintuple Aim domains. Strong evidence supports enhanced patient satisfaction, timely access, and communication in SMAs. Population health shows improved outcomes for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, COPD, and prenatal care. Cost-effectiveness is achievable with effective design. Provider wellbeing benefits include reduced burnout and improved teamwork. SMAs advance health equity, providing effective models for Indigenous, rural, and disadvantaged cohorts. SMAs align robustly with the Quintuple Aim and demonstrate multi-domain impacts. Chronic disease and lifestyle medicine practitioners and health services should consider their broad adoption and ongoing local adaptation.

Circadian clocks regulate physiological rhythms based on light, food intake, and fasting. Disruptions to these clocks are associated with health problems. Chronotype, reflecting individual circadian preferences, is influenced by sleep and eating habits, especially in students. This study aimed to determine the chronotype of Tunisian female university students and examine its relationship with weight status, nutritional status, and eating disorders. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 female university students. Participants completed questionnaires assessing general characteristics, physical activity, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), chronotype (Morning-Evening Questionnaire), eating habits and disorders (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire), and dietary intake (Nutrilog software). Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. The mean age was 20.85 ± 0.98 years. Chronotype distribution was 22.5% morning, 47.5% intermediate, and 30% evening. Evening chronotypes had significantly higher BMI (27.01 ± 5.26 kg/m²) and body fat percentage (27 ± 4.25%) (P < .001). They showed delayed meal timing, lower physical activity (P = .02), less regular breakfast consumption (P < .001), longer meal durations (P = .03), and higher fastfood intake (P < .001). Additionally, they exhibited increased eating disorders, sleep disturbances (P = .003), and excessive energy, carbohydrate, lipid, and protein intake (P < .01). Assessing chronotype in students may help detect early health risks. Larger studies and biological assessments are recommended.

Purpose: This study investigated the impact of a novel group health coaching curriculum on self-efficacy, overall sense of well-being, and self-reported behavior change for people with Parkinson disease (PwP).

Methods: This pretest-posttest, mixed-methods study introduced a novel group health coaching curriculum, developed by a Parkinson nurse navigator and certified health coach, to target self-efficacy and well-being in PwP. Data was analyzed via descriptive statistics of survey data and thematic analysis.

Findings: With a sample size of 17 participants taking the pre-intervention survey and 12 taking the post-survey, results revealed a 0.27-point average improvement for the Neuro-QoL Positive Affect and Well-Being scale with the highest increase noted in feelings of a sense of purpose with a 0.47-point increase. PROMIS Self-Efficacy scores improved in 8 out of 10 items by an average of 0.22 points. Thematic analysis revealed five domains of participant-perceived benefits including exercise, nutrition, commitment, community building, and goal setting.

Conclusion: Preliminary data indicates that this novel group health coaching model and curriculum for Parkinson disease has potential to positively impact well-being, self-efficacy, and self-reported healthy habits. Given results of this pilot initiative, future research to increase sample size and expand objective measurements is warranted.

Promoting fitness may be a viable and acceptable approach for chronic disease prevention. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a behavioral and fitness-oriented intervention called "Athletes for Life Program" (AFL) implemented in a community center. AFL was a pre-post, 6-week program. Latino families (n = 24) participated in weekly 90-minute physical activity (PA) and nutrition sessions. Measures included fitness, accelerometer-measured PA, body mass index (BMI), and self-report survey. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated via post-intervention interviews. Intervention effects were tested using paired samples t-test and qualitative data via thematic analysis. Most parents were female (96%) and Latino (79%), while children were male (57%) and Latino (83%). Retention and attendance rates were 75% and 67% for parents and 81% and 70.8% for children. Children improved muscular endurance, speed, and cardiovascular endurance (P < 0.01), with no change in habitual Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA). There were significant reductions in children's consumption of soda (2.0 ± 1.4 vs 1.6 ± 1.2, P < 0.01), fruit-flavored drinks (2.0 ± 1.5 vs 1.1 ± 1.3, P = .01), and eating cake/pastries (1.48 ± 1.1 vs 1.0 ± 0.8, P = .05). Families expressed interest in continuing to participate in AFL. AFL is a promising family-based fitness-focused program to improve health among Latinos.

Chronic lifestyle-related diseases affect two-thirds of Americans, yet lifestyle medicine (LM) training in medical education remains limited. Shared Medical Appointments (SMAs) provide an innovative framework to teach and assess LM in undergraduate medical education (UME).

Objective: To pilot a logic model-informed pre-clerkship elective using SMA simulations to teach and assess self-reported LM competencies in medical students.

Methods: A 12-week elective guided by ACLM competencies included weekly 150-minute SMA simulations covering the six LM pillars. Students designed SMAs on lifestyle topics, received rubric-based feedback, and completed self-evaluations and reflections. This mixed-methods approach included quantitative analysis of retrospective pre-/post-surveys and qualitative thematic analysis.

Results: Eleven participants completed the course, including six medical students and five health sciences students. Quantitative analysis (n = 6) revealed a significant improvement in medical student self-reported competencies in Patient Care (P = .01), Medical Knowledge (P < .01), Practice-Based Learning (P < .01), Interpersonal Skills (P < .01), and Professionalism (P = .03) with large effect sizes (1.13-2.71). Thematic analysis (n = 6) generated six themes highlighting increased confidence, real-world skill development, and strategies for sustaining group engagement. SMA-based pedagogy is feasible, effective, and scalable for developing and assessing LM competencies in early medical training.

Moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) is the standard for exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Traditionally, resistance training has been used as an adjunctive modality; however, new evidence suggests aerobic exercise and resistance training are complementary, a combined approach called concurrent training (CT). The present review analyzed emergent scientific evidence of programmatic efficacy of CT vs MICT. Analyses focused on five primary outcomes: aerobic capacity, cardiovascular performance, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, recurrent cardiac events, and psychosocial changes. A PubMed search for eligible studies used Boolean phrases that included both sexes, CAD, MICT and CT treatment groups, 18-to-36 CR sessions, and both pre-post program measurements from two or more outcome categories. Sixteen investigations met eligibility criteria, and findings indicated strength gains with CT exceeded those of traditional MICT programming. Separately, patients assigned to CT demonstrated similar changes in VO₂peak, peak heart rate, and body composition as MICT. Despite reduced time spent on the moderate intensity aerobic exercise component, patients assigned to CT had similar improvements in VO₂peak as compared with MICT. Both exercise formats demonstrated comparable adherence rates, whereas collective patient hours of observed CT were insufficient to draw conclusions regarding safety or adverse events.

Endometriosis and adenomyosis are chronic, debilitating, inflammatory conditions affecting women of reproductive age. Current management primarily focuses on pharmacologic therapies and surgical interventions; however, many individuals adopt self-directed lifestyle modifications despite limited evidence-based guidance to support these approaches. This scoping review aimed to collate and evaluate the available evidence for lifestyle interventions in the management of pelvic pain among women with endometriosis and/or adenomyosis, with consideration of key lifestyle medicine domains including nutrition, physical activity, mind-body practices, social connection, sleep, substance cessation, and self-management. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Electronic databases (MEDLINE [OVID], CINAHL, and Scopus) were systematically searched to identify relevant interventional studies. Following abstract and full-text screening, 21 studies met inclusion criteria. Included studies demonstrated substantial heterogeneity in methodology, sample size, intervention type, and duration of follow-up. Only one study specifically included participants with adenomyosis. Findings suggested potential benefits of dietary modification, physical activity, mindfulness-based interventions, yoga, digital health programs, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pelvic pain management. However, small sample sizes and methodological variability limit the strength of conclusions. Overall, the current evidence base remains limited and underscores the need for rigorously designed interventional studies. Future research should incorporate broader outcome domains, including quality of life, fertility, and mental health, and should more comprehensively address lifestyle domains such as sleep and substance use. Greater inclusion of individuals with adenomyosis is also essential to inform evidence-based lifestyle recommendations in this population.

A governance structure and update process led by the International Board of Lifestyle Medicine (IBLM) for maintaining the lifestyle medicine (LM) core competencies, the core LM definition, and core LM pillar definitions is being formalized. Although these were previously developed and recognized by established and credible lifestyle medicine organizations, this formal process will create ongoing and well-represented oversight of the validation and update process. The objectives of this formalization were to develop such a process to (1) document the immediate refinements made to the core LM definition and core LM pillar definitions in 2025-2026, and (2) describe the governance structure established by the IBLM Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) for maintaining and updating LM competencies and definitions. This work will strengthen the credibility, scalability, sustainability, standardization, and global adoption of LM competencies and definitions while ensuring responsiveness to evolving scientific evidence and population health needs.