American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine最新文献

Purpose: To evaluate usage of, satisfaction with, and barriers to a food prescription program (FPP) in under-resourced patients with food insecurity who were undergoing or had undergone metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) at our institution. Setting: A 867 bed teaching hospital and tertiary care center located in Hartford, CT. Intervention: Patients were written a prescription for the hospital-based FPP from May to October 2022. 33 patients completed an anonymous online survey addressing program strengths and barriers to program usage. Outcomes: 87.8% were female, 24.2% were African American, 21.2% Caucasian, and 45.4% were Latino. The mean age was 43.4 years and the mean BMI was 41.7 kg/m². Most (75.8%) had undergone MBS. Thirty patients (90.9%) visited the FPP at least once; 83% returned. Staff helpfulness, food quality, language spoken and convenience of location emerged as program strengths. Transportation, parking, operating hours, health issues, cultural appropriateness, and inadequate supplies of food plus inability to store or reheat food emerged as barriers to program usage. Lessons learned: Prescribing nutritious foods for patients with food insecurity and comorbidities does not ensure they can or will fully utilize the prescriptions. Compliance with food prescriptions should be managed in the same manner as medication prescriptions.

Background: Pregnant women with psychiatric disorders are vulnerable to mental health decline and obstetric complications. Although physical activity (PA) benefits pregnancy, little is known about how its domains-household, occupational, transport, leisure-manifest in this group and relate to outcomes. This study examined PA patterns across domains and their associations with psychiatric symptom severity and obstetric outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional subanalysis included 64 pregnant women with psychiatric diagnoses at a public maternity hospital in Brazil. PA was measured using the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, diagnosis via SCID-5-CV, and symptom severity with the Clinical Global Impression. Obstetric outcomes came from medical records. Only moderate-to-vigorous PA was analyzed. Results: Most participants (84.6%) met WHO recommendations for weekly PA, mainly through household activities (median: 315 min/week). Leisure, transport, and occupational domains showed minimal activity (median: 0 min/week). Higher household PA was linked to adverse obstetric outcomes (P = 0.009). Leisure-time PA was associated with gestational diabetes (P = 0.003). No significant correlations appeared with psychiatric severity. Conclusion: While overall PA volume met health recommendations, it was predominantly in the domestic sphere. These patterns reflect structural and gender-based vulnerabilities and underscore the importance of context and autonomy in evaluating the health impacts of physical activity during pregnancy in this population.

Arthritis is a chronic condition worsened by systemic inflammation, inactivity, poor nutrition, and disrupted sleep, yet it is often managed reactively with symptom focused pharmacologic care. Emerging evidence suggests lifestyle interventions may target root causes of disease, offering a proactive approach to reduce pain and preserve joint function. This narrative review examined the impact of lifestyle interventions on arthritis-related pain and joint health, focusing on osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. A search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar (2000 to 2025) identified randomized trials, meta-analyses, and cohort studies on nutrition, supplementation, physical activity, and sleep. Outcomes included pain and function scores, inflammatory biomarkers, and imaging markers of joint integrity. Lifestyle interventions reduced pain, improved function, and supported joint health. Anti-inflammatory diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, were linked to lower inflammation and symptom severity. Supplements like curcumin, glucosamine, and Boswellia showed modest benefits with favorable safety. Resistance training and Tai Chi improved strength, mobility, and pain, with added benefits for balance. Poor sleep was associated with greater pain and inflammation, while behavioral sleep interventions improved outcomes. Lifestyle medicine is safe, effective, and feasible to integrate into arthritis care, with strong support for diet and movement therapies.

Background: Despite the documented success of medical-legal partnerships (MLPs), there is a dearth of robust experimental-based research on their efficacy. This review synthesizes the findings of MLP interventions and identifies opportunities for MLP expansion in vulnerable communities.

Methods: Articles were eligible if they tested the experimental effects of an MLP intervention on health-harming legal needs (HHLNs) and had full text for review. Two reviewers independently screened articles for inclusion and assessed the quality (risk of bias) of each study.

Results: Seven studies were eligible. Populations were largely women, of color, and of lower socioeconomic status. All studies demonstrated positive effects on primary endpoints including stress, diabetes, and immunization. Two studies were randomized controlled trials; each presenting with low risk of bias.

Conclusion: Studies highlighted the transdisciplinary impact of MLPs. However, additional research on efficacy is needed given the small number of studies in review.

Lifestyle medicine (LM) is a rapidly growing medical specialty that can be integrated into all aspects of care. LM is implemented across primary, specialty, inpatient, outpatient, community and home settings, with multiple modalities, including virtual, individual or group visits. This position paper outlines how LM achieves value, improves health outcomes, and meets the goals of the Quintuple Aim, thus providing a framework to guide LM stakeholders, including patients, providers, payers, employers, and community organizations. It is the position of the American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM) that: (1) The LM care delivery model addresses the escalating chronic disease healthcare burden; (2) LM is a powerful catalyst for healthcare transformation that delivers the Quintuple Aim; (3) LM is whole-person care implemented for all populations, across various settings, intensities and modalities; (4) LM providers are trained, interdisciplinary experts in chronic disease care across the continuum, from prevention to treatment and remission of disease; (5) nine core elements are essential to an effective and evidence-based LM care framework.

Background: Research on sleep disorders has gained significant attention in recent years, particularly within the diabetic population. This study aimed to assess sleep quality in patients with T2D and identify the factors associated with poor sleep quality.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive observational study including adult patients with T2D. Sleep data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess the sleep quality.

Results: A total of 156 patients were recruited with a mean age of 57.04 ± 9.49 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 13.12 ± 8.14 years. The mean total PSQI score was 8.42 ± 4.02, and poor sleep quality was observed in 70.5% of the study population. Our study revealed a significant association between poor sleep quality and diabetic neuropathy (P = 0.03), low levels of HDL cholesterol (P = 0.008) as well as the use of sulfonylurea (P = 0.02). The total PSQI score was positively correlated with the DN4 score (P = 0.04) and inversely correlated with the daily physical activity score (P = 0.019) as well as the total score of Ricci and Gagnon (P = 0.02). Poor sleep quality was independently associated with sulfonylurea use (P = 0.037; OR = 5.27).

Conclusion: Our study highlights the importance of integrating sleep management into the care of diabetic patients.

Recreational soccer is a practical and engaging strategy to improve health-related fitness, cognitive function, and overall lifestyle in adolescents. This study evaluated the effects of soccer training on selective attention and physical performance in untrained female adolescents. Thirty-two participants were assigned to either a soccer intervention group (n = 16; Age 12.69 ± 0.27 years; Weight 48.65 ± 10.11 kg; Height 1.60 ± 0.04 m; Years from Peak Height Velocity [Y-PHV] 0.52 ± 0.41) or a control group continuing regular physical education (n = 16; Age 12.93 ± 0.11 years; Weight 51.06 ± 11.48 kg; Height 1.60 ± 0.05 m; Y-PHV 0.75 ± 0.37). Pre- and post-intervention assessments included physical fitness tests (medicine ball throw, countermovement jump, sprint, balance) and selective attention using the d2 attention test. The soccer group improved all physical measures: medicine ball throw (+22.8%, Cohen's d = 0.80), countermovement jump (+18.7%, Cohen's d = 1.33), sprint performance (-10.3%, Cohen's d = 1.72), and balance (+43.0%, Cohen's d = 1.37). Both groups improved concentration, with a larger effect in the soccer group (F = 16.96, Cohen's d = 1.24), and total errors decreased significantly (F = 21.06, Cohen's d = 0.52). Recreational soccer in school programs appears to be an effective intervention to enhance physical fitness and cognitive function in adolescent females who are not engaged in regular physical activity.

Pharmacists are central in providing individual, patient-centered care that embraces education about medications and healthy lifestyles to optimize health. Nutrition is a part of the patient education provided, and it includes evidence-based recommendations for patients. However, oftentimes it may overlook the cultural, emotional, and social significance food plays in people's lives. Considering culinary medicine into pharmacy education and practice can lead to more patient engagement and support healthier behaviors.

To advance the integration of lifestyle medicine into clinical settings, continuing medical education (CME) for practicing clinicians must be designed using evidence-based educational frameworks that align with adult learning principles. This article reviews foundational curriculum development models in medical education, defines instructional approaches, and highlights their core features. Successful implementation of lifestyle medicine interventions into routine clinical practice requires a strategic approach towards CME efforts.