American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine最新文献

Background: Lifestyle medicine (LM) has been shown to reverse chronic diseases, yet data is limited on the application of LM interventions in low-resource countries. Methods: This practice-based implementation report evaluated the impact of individual and group LM interventions on chronic disease reversal in 15 patients followed longitudinally at a medical clinic in Malawi. Results: LM interventions led to the reversal of an average of 1.4 chronic diseases per patient based on legacy criteria used by the American Board of Lifestyle Medicine. Conclusion: These findings support the use of LM interventions for chronic disease reversal in a global health setting with limited resources. Future studies may explore enhanced health data tracking as well as expanding LM initiatives in similar environments.

Lifestyle medicine (LM) interventions are underutilized in underserved communities. This study describes a LM intervention at a resident-led free clinic in San Bernardino, California. Objectives were to quantify changes in LM screening and counseling as well as patient-reported behavior changes. We conducted a retrospective review of 2013-2015 clinic data, examining visit types, LM screening and counseling rates, and patient-reported behaviors (weekly exercise, daily produce intake, and smoking). Descriptive statistics and chi square tests were used to quantify and compare categories of clinic utilization, including encounters, screening, and counseling between time points. Paired t tests were used to assess clinical measures such as glucose, blood pressure, and BMI, and independent t tests were used to assess patient behaviors sucha as exercise and eating habits. In 2015 vs 2014, screening increased for exercise (80% vs 13%, P < .0001), nutrition (75% vs 6%, P < .001), and smoking (86% vs 24%, P < .0001). Reported smoking decreased (60% vs 44%, P < .01), while exercise days rose insignificantly (3.3 vs 2.5, P > .05). From early to late 2015, LM counseling increased (13% vs 47%, P < .05) alongside higher produce consumption (2.3 vs 3.2 servings/day, P < .05). Integrating LM systems changes with resident and community engagement was feasible and associated with improved LM counseling and patient behaviors in a free clinic setting.

The American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is comprised of both biological and behavioral measures, and it predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD). Presently, however, its relation to measures of endothelial function implicated in CVD risk is unclear. In 318 midlife adults (198 female; 55 non-white, M = 42.3 years), endothelial activity was indexed by forearm blood flow (FBF) induced by reactive hyperemia, as well as circulating cellular adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). LE8 measures included fasting glucose and non-HDL cholesterol, seated blood pressure, body mass index, diet quality, smoking and sleep duration (the latter assessed with self-report inventories). Multiple regression models revealed that lower LE8 scores were related to higher ICAM-1 concentrations (r = -0.41, P < 0.001), but not VCAM-1 (r = -0.06, P > 0.05). Higher LE8 scores were related to a higher FBF %-increase induced by reactive hyperemia (r = 0.29, P < 0.001). Findings suggest that LE8 scores relate to non-invasive and cellular markers of endothelial activity among otherwise healthy midlife adults. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand the divergent associations of LE8 with ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and to determine if changes in LE8 predict future endothelial health or other contributors to atherosclerotic CVD.

Background: Despite increases in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence among young and middle-aged adults in the United States (U.S.), associations between lifetime use of cannabis, non-cigarette tobacco products, and illicit drugs with CVD are not fully known. This study aimed to examine these associations among young and middle-aged U.S. adults. Methods: We analyzed a sample of 2933 adults aged 20-59 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017-2018). CVD (i.e., health care provider diagnosis of coronary heart disease, stroke, or high blood pressure), and substance use (i.e., ever use of cannabis, non-cigarette tobacco, or illicit drugs) were assessed. Adjusted odds ratios were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Adults who used cannabis had higher odds of coronary heart disease (OR = 5.45, 95% CI: 1.86-15.95), and adults who used cigars had higher odds of stroke (OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.06-5.01). Further, increased odds of high blood pressure were associated with e-cigarette (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.12-1.79) and smokeless tobacco (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.01-2.12) use. Conclusions: Lifetime cannabis and non-cigarette use was associated with CVD among young and middle-aged U.S. adults, with the spectrum of disease varying based on substance type. CVD prevention should involve non-cigarette tobacco and cannabis use screening and counseling.

Background: Obesity and modifiable lifestyle factors contribute significantly to the rising global burden of cancer, particularly gynecologic malignancies such as endometrial and ovarian cancer. Despite strong biological plausibility, the role of lifestyle interventions in improving outcomes for women with gynecologic cancers remains underexplored. Objective: This review synthesizes current evidence on the impact of dietary and physical activity interventions on gynecologic cancer outcomes, highlighting links and existing clinical guidelines. Methods: Literature exploring the influence of obesity, inflammation hormonal dysregulation, insulin resistance, and gut microbiome alterations on cancer progression were assessed, and studies assessing the effects of lifestyle interventions in gynecologic cancers were explored. Results: Obesity-induced inflammation and hormonal imbalances are key drivers of tumorigenesis. Structured exercise and adherence to anti-inflammatory diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, improve insulin sensitivity, regulate estrogen metabolism, and enhance immune function. These interventions also modulate angiogenesis and promote a favorable gut microbiome, offering a biologically plausible approach to slowing cancer progression. Conclusion: Diet and exercise represent promising, low-risk strategies to improve quality of life and potentially enhance survival in women with gynecologic cancers. Greater integration of lifestyle interventions into gynecologic oncology care is warranted, guided by evidence and recommendations from national cancer organizations.

Chronic noncommunicable diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, largely driven by modifiable lifestyle factors such as poor diet, inactivity, and stress. While Lifestyle Medicine (LM) provides an evidence-based framework for preventing and reversing chronic disease through six pillars-nutrition, physical activity, restorative sleep, stress management, avoidance of risky substances, and positive social connection-Culinary Medicine (CM) offers the practical, skill-based means to operationalize these behaviors. This narrative review explores the synergistic integration of LM and CM, highlighting how hands-on cooking, teaching kitchens, and shared medical appointments can translate lifestyle recommendations into sustainable action. CM interventions have been shown to improve diet quality, cooking confidence, clinical outcomes, and psychosocial well-being while enhancing clinicians' competence in nutrition and behavior change counseling. By embedding CM strategies across all LM pillars, programs can promote whole-person care, social connection, and resilience. Implementation considerations include interprofessional collaboration, scalable delivery models, and outcome measures across multiple lifestyle domains. Future directions call for longitudinal research, competency-based curricula, and health system integration through reimbursement and policy initiatives. Together, LM and CM form a powerful, evidence-based approach to make food and lifestyle central to preventive and therapeutic care.

A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by an insult to the brain leading to the disruption of the brain's normal cellular processes. This dysfunction can result in temporary vs permanent impairments, thus impacting ones' quality of life and contributing to long-term disability. Lifestyle Medicine offers a complementary approach to TBI management with interventions that address diet, exercise, stress management, sleep, and other lifestyle factors. The goal of this article is to provide a review of Lifestyle Medicine interventions and their current findings in TBI management.

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