American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine最新文献

Background: Research on sleep disorders has gained significant attention in recent years, particularly within the diabetic population. This study aimed to assess sleep quality in patients with T2D and identify the factors associated with poor sleep quality.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive observational study including adult patients with T2D. Sleep data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess the sleep quality.

Results: A total of 156 patients were recruited with a mean age of 57.04 ± 9.49 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 13.12 ± 8.14 years. The mean total PSQI score was 8.42 ± 4.02, and poor sleep quality was observed in 70.5% of the study population. Our study revealed a significant association between poor sleep quality and diabetic neuropathy (P = 0.03), low levels of HDL cholesterol (P = 0.008) as well as the use of sulfonylurea (P = 0.02). The total PSQI score was positively correlated with the DN4 score (P = 0.04) and inversely correlated with the daily physical activity score (P = 0.019) as well as the total score of Ricci and Gagnon (P = 0.02). Poor sleep quality was independently associated with sulfonylurea use (P = 0.037; OR = 5.27).

Conclusion: Our study highlights the importance of integrating sleep management into the care of diabetic patients.

Recreational soccer is a practical and engaging strategy to improve health-related fitness, cognitive function, and overall lifestyle in adolescents. This study evaluated the effects of soccer training on selective attention and physical performance in untrained female adolescents. Thirty-two participants were assigned to either a soccer intervention group (n = 16; Age 12.69 ± 0.27 years; Weight 48.65 ± 10.11 kg; Height 1.60 ± 0.04 m; Years from Peak Height Velocity [Y-PHV] 0.52 ± 0.41) or a control group continuing regular physical education (n = 16; Age 12.93 ± 0.11 years; Weight 51.06 ± 11.48 kg; Height 1.60 ± 0.05 m; Y-PHV 0.75 ± 0.37). Pre- and post-intervention assessments included physical fitness tests (medicine ball throw, countermovement jump, sprint, balance) and selective attention using the d2 attention test. The soccer group improved all physical measures: medicine ball throw (+22.8%, Cohen's d = 0.80), countermovement jump (+18.7%, Cohen's d = 1.33), sprint performance (-10.3%, Cohen's d = 1.72), and balance (+43.0%, Cohen's d = 1.37). Both groups improved concentration, with a larger effect in the soccer group (F = 16.96, Cohen's d = 1.24), and total errors decreased significantly (F = 21.06, Cohen's d = 0.52). Recreational soccer in school programs appears to be an effective intervention to enhance physical fitness and cognitive function in adolescent females who are not engaged in regular physical activity.

Pharmacists are central in providing individual, patient-centered care that embraces education about medications and healthy lifestyles to optimize health. Nutrition is a part of the patient education provided, and it includes evidence-based recommendations for patients. However, oftentimes it may overlook the cultural, emotional, and social significance food plays in people's lives. Considering culinary medicine into pharmacy education and practice can lead to more patient engagement and support healthier behaviors.

To advance the integration of lifestyle medicine into clinical settings, continuing medical education (CME) for practicing clinicians must be designed using evidence-based educational frameworks that align with adult learning principles. This article reviews foundational curriculum development models in medical education, defines instructional approaches, and highlights their core features. Successful implementation of lifestyle medicine interventions into routine clinical practice requires a strategic approach towards CME efforts.

Purpose: Chronic diseases contribute to high death and disability rates around the globe. Rural areas of the southern United States have limited resources and disproportionately worse health outcomes, and increased prevalence of modifiable disease risk factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an online lifestyle medicine program on the dietary and social support health behavior determinants of rural adults.

Design: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to test the lifestyle medicine intervention among rural participants (n = 80) randomized to either an intervention (n = 40) or waitlisted control (n = 40) group. Participants in the intervention group received a lifestyle medicine program via an online group-based format.

Results: Data were analyzed using mixed-effects models for repeated-measures (MMRM) to evaluate intervention effects over time. The analysis showed significant intervention effects for primary outcomes regarding dietary produce health behavior determinants and secondary social support outcomes. The intervention, or experience over time, may have shifted certain behaviors and knowledge domains.

Conclusion: Participants of the web-based lifestyle medicine intervention had positive improvements in dietary and social support determinants of health behaviors. The results can facilitate future intervention development and implementation among rural populations.

Frailty is an important geriatric syndrome that can adversely affects the quality of life of older adults. Lifestyle interventions, such as physical activity, healthy diet and medications optimization have strong evidence in prevention, treatment, and reversal of frailty. While physical activity is the most important, inactivity among older Americans remains high. We present a case in which successful approach to frailty prevention, through regular swimming, showed meaningful improvement. Collaboration between the patient, family and physician, was also important. Collectively, these efforts lead to improvement in patient's mood, quality of life, and medication use.

Concurrently with an exploding interest in the health benefits of a plant-based eating pattern is similar interest in how this pattern could affect athletic performance. In this state-of-the-art review we summarize the current best research on plant-based nutrition and supplements for athletic performance, emphasizing systematic reviews, randomized trials, and comparative studies. A plant-based eating pattern (little or no animal products) is non-inferior to an omnivore diet (no restrictions on meat, dairy, or other animal products) for athletic performance and for muscle protein synthesis when macronutrient content is similar. When sufficient total protein is consumed, plant-based sources are non-inferior to animal-based sources. Most athletes ideally need 1.2 to 2.0 grams/kg of body weight/day of protein, preferably split across 3-4 meals to optimize muscle protein synthesis and recovery. Supplements can offer small added benefits, with the strongest evidence for improved performance from caffeine, creatine, protein, and essential amino acids, and the strongest evidence for improved recovery from polyphenols, vitamin E, omega-3 fatty acids. We also discuss plant protein sources, special considerations for masters athletes, and other evidence-based supplements. Our goals are to highlight core principles of plant-based nutrition and supplements while also offering pragmatic advice for athletes of all ages and abilities.

Objective: This retospective cohort study examined the associations of frailty, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and circadian rest-activity rhythms (RAR) with all-cause mortality among U.S. older adults. Methods: NHANES 2011-2014 dataset was linked to the National Death Index through 2019. 1010 adults aged ≥ 60 years (females: 55.9%), were included. Frailty status and MetS were defined using a frailty phenotype and NCEP ATP III-2005 criteria, respectively. RAR profiles, including rhythmic strength (RA), were assessed using wrist-worn actigraphy (mean valid days: 6.7; mean recording time: 22.83 h/day) and categorized into tertile groups (low/medium/high). Cox proportional-hazards models were conducted to predict all-cause mortality risk, and presented in hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Frailty and low RA significantly predicted mortality risk [HR (95% CI); Frailty: 1.71 (1.11-2.62); Low RA: 1.46 (1.14-1.87)]. Upon stratified analyses, significant associations of frailty and low RA with mortality were observed exclusively among individuals with MetS [HR (95% CI); Frailty: 1.89 (1.17-3.03); Low RA: 1.49 (1.14-1.61)]. Conclusion: Frailty and disrupted RAR are independent short-term predictors of mortality, particularly in individuals with MetS. The coexistence of MetS, frailty, and low RA amplifies mortality risk, highlighting their importance as critical markers of vulerability in older adults.

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