Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1541204019854799
Kevin T. Wolff, Michael T. Baglivio, Hannah J. Klein, A. Piquero, M. Delisi, J. Howell
A growing body of research has demonstrated the deleterious effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Less understood is the role of ACEs in gang involvement among juvenile offenders. The current longitudinal study employs a sample of 104,267 juvenile offenders (mean age of 16, 76% male, 46% Black non-Hispanic, 15.7% Hispanic) to examine the effect of ACE exposure on two different measures of gang involvement by age 18. We use structural equation modeling to test whether higher ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement and whether current substance use and/or difficult temperament mediates the ACE-gang involvement relationship. Results indicate ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement by age 18, but that much of the effect of ACEs on later gang involvement can be explained by their impact on current substance abuse and difficult temperament. Implications for juvenile justice systems are discussed.
{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Gang Involvement Among Juvenile Offenders: Assessing the Mediation Effects of Substance Use and Temperament Deficits","authors":"Kevin T. Wolff, Michael T. Baglivio, Hannah J. Klein, A. Piquero, M. Delisi, J. Howell","doi":"10.1177/1541204019854799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1541204019854799","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of research has demonstrated the deleterious effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Less understood is the role of ACEs in gang involvement among juvenile offenders. The current longitudinal study employs a sample of 104,267 juvenile offenders (mean age of 16, 76% male, 46% Black non-Hispanic, 15.7% Hispanic) to examine the effect of ACE exposure on two different measures of gang involvement by age 18. We use structural equation modeling to test whether higher ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement and whether current substance use and/or difficult temperament mediates the ACE-gang involvement relationship. Results indicate ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement by age 18, but that much of the effect of ACEs on later gang involvement can be explained by their impact on current substance abuse and difficult temperament. Implications for juvenile justice systems are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"18 1","pages":"24 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1541204019854799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44881018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1541204019831751
G. Walters
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nature and direction of the relationship between parenting and peer effects in predicting early delinquency. The parenting–peer relationship was evaluated in 1,734 (811 male, 923 female) early adolescent members (mean age = 12.10 years) of the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) study. A seven-equation path analysis was performed across three waves of data. The statistical significance of 16 indirect effects was evaluated using the Monte Carlo Method for Assessing Mediation. Two of the three pathways predicted to be significant were, in fact, significant (i.e., parental support to gang affiliation to participant delinquency; parental support to peer delinquency to participant delinquency), and all 13 pathways projected to be nonsignificant were, in fact, nonsignificant. Consistent with the research hypothesis for this study, prior parental support acted as a buffer against the delinquency-promoting effects of negative peer associations in early adolescent children.
{"title":"Positive Parents and Negative Peers: Assessing the Nature and Order of Caregiver and Friend Effects in Predicting Early Delinquency","authors":"G. Walters","doi":"10.1177/1541204019831751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1541204019831751","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nature and direction of the relationship between parenting and peer effects in predicting early delinquency. The parenting–peer relationship was evaluated in 1,734 (811 male, 923 female) early adolescent members (mean age = 12.10 years) of the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) study. A seven-equation path analysis was performed across three waves of data. The statistical significance of 16 indirect effects was evaluated using the Monte Carlo Method for Assessing Mediation. Two of the three pathways predicted to be significant were, in fact, significant (i.e., parental support to gang affiliation to participant delinquency; parental support to peer delinquency to participant delinquency), and all 13 pathways projected to be nonsignificant were, in fact, nonsignificant. Consistent with the research hypothesis for this study, prior parental support acted as a buffer against the delinquency-promoting effects of negative peer associations in early adolescent children.","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"18 1","pages":"114 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1541204019831751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41939379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.4324/9781351154642-11
F. C. Smith
{"title":"Jack Rocks, Earrings and the Occupation of Moss #3","authors":"F. C. Smith","doi":"10.4324/9781351154642-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351154642-11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88630988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.4324/9781351154642-14
Robert J. Pauly
{"title":"From Rollback to Preemption: A Comparison of the Reagan and Bush Doctrines","authors":"Robert J. Pauly","doi":"10.4324/9781351154642-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351154642-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75747861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The President and the Congress in Concert","authors":"S. W. Scott","doi":"10.4324/9781351154642-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351154642-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82479321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Fist of Pacifism","authors":"A. Gordon, Tobias T. Gibson","doi":"10.4324/9781351154642-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351154642-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74748839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Moralizing Violence or a Just Response","authors":"C. Dolan","doi":"10.4324/9781351154642-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351154642-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"2673 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84206028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Ethics of Living American Primacy, or, Towards a Global Jim Crow, and Its Discontents","authors":"Will Watson","doi":"10.4324/9781351154642-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351154642-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73602266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.4324/9781351154642-13
B. Mcknight
{"title":"A Case of Communist Indoctrination and American Enticement during the Korean War","authors":"B. Mcknight","doi":"10.4324/9781351154642-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351154642-13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89971975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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