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Risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in people with severe mental illness in South Asia: cross-sectional study in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. 南亚严重精神疾病患者超重和肥胖相关的危险因素:孟加拉国、印度和巴基斯坦的横断面研究
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-21 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.100
Koralagamage Kavindu Appuhamy, Danielle Podmore, Alex Mitchell, Helal Uddin Ahmed, Mark Ashworth, Jan R Boehnke, Virtu Chongtham, Asiful Haidar Chowdhury, Olga P Garcia, Richard I G Holt, Rumana Huque, Krishna Prasad Muliyala, Eline Klein Onstenk, Sukanya Rajan, David Shiers, Najma Siddiqi, S Manjunatha, Gerardo A Zavala

Obesity is one of the major contributors to the excess mortality seen in people with severe mental illness (SMI) and in low- and middle-income countries people with SMI may be at an even greater risk. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight in people with SMI and investigate the association of obesity and overweight with sociodemographic variables, other physical comorbidities, and health-risk behaviours. This was a multi-country cross-sectional survey study where data were collected from 3989 adults with SMI from three specialist mental health institutions in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was estimated using Asian BMI thresholds. Multinomial regression models were then used to explore associations between overweight and obesity with various potential determinants. There was a high prevalence of overweight (17·3 %) and obesity (46·2 %). The relative risk of having obesity (compared to normal weight) was double in women (RRR = 2·04) compared with men. Participants who met the WHO recommendations for fruit and vegetable intake had 2·53 (95 % CI: 1·65-3·88) times greater risk of having obesity compared to those not meeting them. Also, the relative risk of having obesity in people with hypertension is 69 % higher than in people without hypertension (RRR = 1·69). In conclusion, obesity is highly prevalent in SMI and associated with chronic disease. The complex relationship between diet and risk of obesity was also highlighted. People with SMI and obesity could benefit from screening for non-communicable diseases, better nutritional education, and context-appropriate lifestyle interventions.

肥胖是严重精神疾病(SMI)患者死亡率过高的主要原因之一,在低收入和中等收入国家,重度精神疾病患者的风险可能更大。在这项研究中,我们旨在确定重度精神障碍患者中肥胖和超重的患病率,并调查肥胖和超重与社会人口统计学变量、其他身体合并症和健康风险行为的关系。这是一项多国横断面调查研究,收集了来自孟加拉国、印度和巴基斯坦三家专业精神卫生机构的3989名重度精神障碍成年人的数据。使用亚洲BMI阈值估计超重和肥胖的患病率。然后使用多项回归模型来探索超重和肥胖与各种潜在决定因素之间的关系。超重(17.3%)和肥胖(46.2%)的发生率较高。女性肥胖的相对风险(与正常体重相比)是男性的两倍(RRR = 2.04)。符合世界卫生组织水果和蔬菜摄入量建议的参与者患肥胖症的风险是不符合建议的参与者的2.53倍(95% CI: 1.65 - 3.88)。高血压患者发生肥胖的相对危险度比无高血压患者高69% (RRR = 1.69)。总之,肥胖在重度精神病人中非常普遍,并且与慢性疾病有关。饮食和肥胖风险之间的复杂关系也得到了强调。重度精神障碍患者和肥胖症患者可以从非传染性疾病筛查、更好的营养教育和适合具体情况的生活方式干预措施中受益。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of pre-exercise high and low glycaemic index meals on substrate metabolism and appetite in middle-aged women. 运动前高血糖指数和低血糖指数餐对中年妇女底物代谢和食欲的影响。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-20 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.96
Miki Sakazaki, Yoshie Yoshikawa, Kayoko Kamemoto, Yusei Tataka, Yoshiki Yamada, Ching-Lin Wu, Masashi Miyashita

Few studies have examined the influence of pre-exercise meals with different glycaemic indices (GIs) on substrate oxidation and non-homeostatic appetite (i.e. food reward) in adults of various ages and ethnicities. We aimed to examine the effects of pre-exercise high and low GI meals on substrate oxidation and food reward in middle-aged Japanese women. This randomised crossover trial included fifteen middle-aged women (aged 40⋅9 ± 6⋅5 years, mean ± sd). The participants consumed a high or low GI breakfast at 09.00 and rested until 11.00. Thereafter, participants performed a 60-min walk at 50 % of their estimated maximum oxygen uptake (11.00-12.00) and rested until 13.00. Expired gas samples were collected every 30 min prior to walking, and samples were collected continuously throughout the walking and post-walking periods. Blood samples and subjective appetite ratings were collected every 30 min, except during walking. The Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire in Japanese (LFPQ-J) was used to assess food reward at 09.00, 10.00, and 13.00 h. The cumulative fat oxidation during exercise was higher in the low GI trial than in the high GI trial (P = 0⋅03). The cumulative carbohydrate oxidation during walking was lower in the low GI trial than in the high GI trial (P = 0⋅01). Trial-by-time interactions were not found for any food-reward parameters between trials. Low GI meals elicited enhanced fat oxidation during a subsequent 60-min walk in middle-aged women. However, meals with different GIs did not affect food reward evaluated over time in the present study.

很少有研究调查了不同年龄和种族的成年人,不同血糖指数(gi)的运动前膳食对底物氧化和非稳态食欲(即食物奖励)的影响。我们的目的是研究运动前高GI餐和低GI餐对日本中年女性的底物氧化和食物奖励的影响。这项随机交叉试验包括15名中年妇女(40⋅9±6⋅5岁,平均±sd)。参与者在9点吃了一顿高或低GI早餐,休息到11点。之后,参与者以估计最大摄氧量的50%(11.00-12.00)进行60分钟的步行,休息至13.00。在行走前每30分钟采集一次过期气体样本,并在行走期间和行走后持续采集样本。除散步时外,每30分钟采集一次血液样本和主观食欲评分。采用日本利兹食物偏好问卷(LFPQ-J)评估09.00、10.00和13.00 h的食物奖励。低GI组运动时累积脂肪氧化量高于高GI组(P = 0.03)。低GI组行走时累积碳水化合物氧化量低于高GI组(P = 0·01)。试验之间没有发现任何食物奖励参数与试验时间的相互作用。在随后的60分钟步行中,低GI食物引起中年妇女脂肪氧化增强。然而,在本研究中,不同地理位置的食物并不影响食物奖励随时间的评估。
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引用次数: 0
How do adolescents classify foods as healthy and unhealthy?: A qualitative inquiry from rural India. 青少年如何区分健康和不健康的食物?来自印度农村的定性调查。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-20 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.101
Sangeeta Kansal, Aryan Raj, Kumari Smita, Anthony Worsley, Neha Rathi

Indian adolescents exhibit obesogenic dietary habits including low intake of fruits and vegetables and increasing consumption of fast food and carbonated beverages. Adolescents' classification of healthy and unhealthy foods is likely to have significant implications for their dietary behaviour, and consequently, their health. However, there is limited evidence about the ways Indian adolescents classify foods as healthy or unhealthy. Hence, this qualitative study was designed to explore how Indian adolescents classify nutritious or non-nutritious food choices. Convenience sampling was used to recruit the study participants from Tikari village in Uttar Pradesh, India. Underpinned by the social constructivist lens, the adolescents were interviewed face-to-face in Hindi. All the interactions were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English prior to data analysis. Transcribed data were analysed thematically using inductive as well as deductive coding, and subsequently, conceptual themes were extracted. A total of thirty-nine adolescents (twenty boys; nineteen girls) aged 10-19 years participated in this qualitative inquiry. The adolescents classified healthy and unhealthy foods based on the following six themes: (i) Food groups and nutrients; (ii) Health and immunity; (iii) Type of ingredient; (iv) Place and time of food preparation; (v) Packaging; and (vi) Parental influence. These findings can inform school-based food literacy interventions to foster healthy dietary habits and cooking skills among Indian adolescents.

印度青少年表现出导致肥胖的饮食习惯,包括水果和蔬菜摄入量低,快餐和碳酸饮料消费量增加。青少年对健康和不健康食品的分类可能对他们的饮食行为产生重大影响,从而对他们的健康产生重大影响。然而,关于印度青少年将食物划分为健康或不健康的方式的证据有限。因此,本定性研究旨在探讨印度青少年如何分类营养或非营养的食物选择。采用便利抽样方法从印度北方邦提卡里村招募研究参与者。在社会建构主义视角的支持下,这些青少年用印地语进行了面对面的采访。所有的互动都被数字记录下来,逐字转录,并在数据分析之前翻译成英语。使用归纳和演绎编码对转录的数据进行主题分析,随后提取概念主题。共有39名青少年(20名男孩;19名10-19岁的女孩参加了这次定性调查。青少年根据以下六个主题对健康食品和不健康食品进行分类:(i)食品类别和营养素;㈡健康和免疫;成分类型;(四)准备食物的地点和时间;(v)包装;(六)父母的影响。这些发现可以为以学校为基础的食品素养干预措施提供信息,以培养印度青少年的健康饮食习惯和烹饪技能。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and contributing factors of anaemia among children aged 6-24 months and 25-59 months in Mali. 马里6-24个月和25-59个月儿童贫血的患病率及其影响因素。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-09 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.93
Tafere Gebreegziabher, Saran Sidibe

Although considerable global initiatives have been undertaken to tackle anaemia, its prevalence continues to be high in sub-Saharan African nations. In Mali specifically, anaemia represents a significant and pressing public health issue. The purpose of the present study was to examine the key risk factors related to anaemia among children aged 6-24 months (younger age group) and 25-59 months (older age group). We used the Mali 2018 Demographic and Health Survey data, collected from 8861 mothers with children under five. Logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors for childhood anaemia. The results suggest that the prevalence of anaemia was 88 % in the younger and 76 % in the older age groups. The risk factors unique to the younger age group were malaria (OR 4⋅05; CI 0⋅95, 11⋅3) and place of residence (OR 0⋅55; CI 0⋅32, 0⋅94), while for the older age group, they were morbidity (OR 1⋅91; CI 1⋅12, 3⋅24), drinking from a bottle (OR 1⋅52; CI 1⋅04, 2⋅22), and micronutrient intake (OR 0⋅61; CI 0⋅40, 0⋅91). Risk factors that significantly contributed to both age groups include breastfeeding, deworming, maternal anaemia, maternal education, and wealth index. Anaemia also varied by region. The widespread prevalence of anaemia can be attributed to a multitude of factors. In addressing this issue, it is imperative to acknowledge the unique characteristics of specific regions and rural areas, where the incidence of anaemia surpasses the national average. Therefore, any intervention efforts should be tailored to the specific needs and challenges of these areas.

尽管已经采取了相当多的全球举措来解决贫血问题,但其在撒哈拉以南非洲国家的患病率仍然很高。特别是在马里,贫血是一个重大而紧迫的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是研究与6-24个月(低龄组)和25-59个月(高龄组)儿童贫血相关的关键危险因素。我们使用了马里2018年人口与健康调查数据,这些数据来自8861名5岁以下儿童的母亲。采用Logistic回归评估儿童贫血的危险因素。结果表明,贫血的患病率在年轻人中为88%,在老年人中为76%。低龄组特有的危险因素为疟疾(OR 4⋅05;CI 0⋅95,11⋅3)和居住地(OR 0⋅55;CI 0⋅32,0⋅94),老年组为发病率(OR 1⋅91;CI 1⋅12,3⋅24),瓶饮(OR 1⋅52;CI 1⋅04,2⋅22),微量营养素摄入量(OR 0⋅61;Ci 0⋅40,0⋅91)。对这两个年龄组都有显著影响的风险因素包括母乳喂养、驱虫、孕产妇贫血、孕产妇教育和财富指数。贫血症也因地区而异。贫血的广泛流行可归因于多种因素。在处理这一问题时,必须认识到特定区域和农村地区的独特特点,那里的贫血发病率超过全国平均水平。因此,任何干预努力都应适应这些地区的具体需要和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, attitude, and perception of energy drinks consumption among university students in Jordan. 约旦大学生能量饮料消费的知识、态度和认知。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-03 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.90
Samar Thiab, Muna Barakat, Razan I Nassar, Rana Abutaima, Asem Alsughaier, Roa'a Thaher, Faten Odeh, Wael Abu Dayyih

Energy drinks gained popularity after the launch of Red Bull in 1997. Different brands are now available and young adults mainly consume these drinks. This study assesses the knowledge, attitude, and perception of energy drink consumption among university students in Jordan. A validated online survey was used to collect the required data, extracted from Google Forms into an Excel spreadsheet and statistically analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.0. A nationally representative sample of university students with a mean age of 22⋅2 ± 3⋅9 years (n 749) was obtained. The participating students demonstrated a neutral level of knowledge about energy drinks, as the mean score of knowledge = 7⋅1 ± 2⋅2 (out of 12), with 66 % (n 498) of them having consumed energy drinks and experienced their effects. Generally, the study's participants demonstrated a neutral attitude towards energy drinks and 70⋅5 % (n 528) acknowledged that energy drinks increase activity, but more than 70 % of them believed that energy drinks have harmful side effects. It was found that there is a significant (P-value <0⋅5) positive correlation between knowledge score and female gender, studying a medical major, and monthly income. The main reasons for consuming energy drinks were reported to be: to stay awake for longer, help study, and become more energetic. There is a need for more structured awareness campaigns to warn students about the possible side effects of these products in order to reduce the consumption and popularity of these drinks among students.

1997年红牛推出后,能量饮料开始流行起来。现在有不同的品牌可供选择,年轻人主要消费这些饮料。本研究评估约旦大学生对能量饮料消费的知识、态度和认知。通过有效的在线调查收集所需数据,从谷歌表格中提取到Excel电子表格中,并使用Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.0进行统计分析。选取全国代表性的大学生样本,平均年龄为22⋅2±3⋅9岁(n 749)。参与研究的学生对能量饮料的知识表现出中性水平,平均知识得分= 7⋅1±2⋅2(满分12分),其中66% (n 498)的学生喝过能量饮料并体验过其效果。总的来说,研究的参与者对能量饮料表现出中立的态度,70⋅5% (n 528)的人承认能量饮料能增加活动,但超过70%的人认为能量饮料有有害的副作用。发现p值有显著性
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引用次数: 0
Barriers and facilitators of healthy lifestyle and perspectives towards the development of weight loss programmes. Focus groups with post-treatment breast cancer survivors in Greece. 健康生活方式的障碍和促进因素以及对制定减肥方案的看法。希腊乳腺癌治疗后幸存者的焦点小组。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-03 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.94
Maria Perperidi, Georgios Saltaouras, Alexandros Konstandis, Marieke De Craemer, Emmanouil Saloustros, Yannis Theodorakis, Odysseas Androutsos

The present study aimed to identify the factors that prohibit or enable breast cancer survivors from adopting a healthy lifestyle, as well as to record patients' suggestions towards developing a weight-loss lifestyle intervention. Twenty-three breast cancer survivors participated in four online, semi-structured focus groups in Greece. All discussions were video-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Participants were 50⋅5 ± 7⋅4 years old with a current mean BMI of 29⋅1 ± 3⋅4 kg/m2. Four main themes emerged from thematic analysis: (1) dietary and lifestyle practices, (2) the effects of cancer on body weight, (3) the impact of cancer on psychology, and (4) the effect of the environment on body weight. Lack of information from healthcare professionals and lack of time were the main barriers to body weight management, whereas the main facilitators were support from their social environment, along with a comfortable physical environment, and the facility of technology. Participants suggested that an effective weight-loss lifestyle intervention should include psychological and social support, guidance and education, collaboration, flexible recommendations, personalised goals, and a follow-up plan. The needs of breast cancer survivors need to be considered when designing weight-loss lifestyle interventions. A personalised approach may prove more effective in promoting a healthy lifestyle and improving patients' care.

本研究旨在确定阻止或使乳腺癌幸存者采取健康生活方式的因素,并记录患者对发展减肥生活方式干预的建议。在希腊,23名乳腺癌幸存者参加了四个在线的半结构化焦点小组。所有的讨论都被录像并逐字记录下来。参与者年龄为50⋅5±7⋅4岁,目前平均BMI为29⋅1±3⋅4 kg/m2。从专题分析中产生了四个主要主题:(1)饮食和生活习惯;(2)癌症对体重的影响;(3)癌症对心理的影响;(4)环境对体重的影响。缺乏来自医疗保健专业人员的信息和缺乏时间是体重管理的主要障碍,而主要的促进因素是来自社会环境的支持,以及舒适的物理环境和技术设施。与会者建议,有效的减肥生活方式干预应包括心理和社会支持、指导和教育、协作、灵活的建议、个性化目标和后续计划。在设计减肥生活方式干预措施时,需要考虑乳腺癌幸存者的需求。个性化的方法在促进健康的生活方式和改善病人的护理方面可能会更有效。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary fat types consumption association with obesity and coronary indices. 膳食脂肪类型消耗与肥胖和冠状动脉指数的关系。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-03 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.92
Islam Al-Shami, Anfal Al-Dalaeen, Buthaina Alkhatib, Lana M Agraib

This article aims to study the different dietary fat types associated with obesity and coronary indices. A sample of 491 healthy adults was included in a cross-sectional manner. Dietary fats intake, obesity indices (conicity index (CI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body roundness index (BRI), and weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI)), and cardiovascular indices (cardiometabolic index (CMI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP)) were calculated and studied. Participants with an acceptable intake of omega-3 had a higher BRI score (1⋅90 ± 0⋅06 v. 1⋅70 ± 0⋅06). Participants with an unacceptable intake of cholesterol had a higher CI (1⋅31 ± 0⋅11 v. 1⋅28 ± 0⋅12; P = 0⋅011), AVI (20⋅24 ± 5⋅8 v. 18⋅33 ± 6⋅0; P < 0⋅001), BRI (2⋅00 ± 1⋅01 v. 1⋅70 ± 1⋅00; P = 0⋅003), WWI (11⋅00 ± 0⋅91 v. 10⋅80 ± 0⋅97; P = 0⋅032), and lower AIP (0⋅46 ± 0⋅33 v. 0⋅53 ± 0⋅33; P = 0⋅024). Total fat, saturated fat (SFA), and polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) intake had a significant moderate correlation with AVI and BRI. The monounsaturated fat (MUFA) intake had a significantly weak correlation with CI, AVI, BRI, WWI, and AIP. Cholesterol and omega-6 had weak correlations with all indices. Similar correlations were seen among male and female participants. The different types of fat intake significantly affected obesity and coronary indices, especially SFA and PUFA, as well as omega-3 and cholesterol. Gender and the dietary type of fat intake have a relationship to influence the indicators of both obesity and coronary indices.

本文旨在研究不同膳食脂肪类型与肥胖和冠状动脉指数的关系。以横断面方式纳入了491名健康成年人的样本。计算并研究了膳食脂肪摄入量、肥胖指数(圆度指数(CI)、体脂指数(BAI)、腹容积指数(AVI)、体圆度指数(BRI)、体重调整腰围指数(WWI))和心血管指数(心脏代谢指数(CMI)、脂质积累积(LAP)、血浆动脉粥样硬化指数(AIP))。摄入可接受的omega-3的参与者BRI得分更高(1⋅90±0⋅06 vs . 1⋅70±0⋅06)。摄入不可接受胆固醇的参与者具有更高的CI(1⋅31±0⋅11 v. 1⋅28±0⋅12;P = 0·011),AVI(20·24±5·8 v. 18·33±6·0;P 0.001), BRI(2⋅00±1⋅01 v. 1⋅70±1⋅00;P = 0·003),WWI(11·00±0·91 v. 10·80±0·97;P = 0·032),下AIP(0·46±0·33 v·0·53±0·33;P = 0·024)。总脂肪、饱和脂肪(SFA)和多不饱和脂肪(PUFA)摄入量与AVI和BRI有显著的中度相关性。单不饱和脂肪(MUFA)摄入量与CI、AVI、BRI、WWI和AIP呈显著弱相关。胆固醇和ω -6与各指标均呈弱相关。在男性和女性参与者中也发现了类似的相关性。不同类型的脂肪摄入显著影响肥胖和冠状动脉指数,尤其是SFA和PUFA,以及omega-3和胆固醇。性别和摄入脂肪的膳食类型对肥胖指标和冠状动脉指标均有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system. 三甲胺增加肠道脂肪酸吸收:Caco-2细胞培养系统的体外研究。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-03 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.91
Catarina Rodrigues, Shámila Ismael, Inês Castela, Inês Barreiros-Mota, Maria João Almeida, Gilberto Maia Santos, Conceição Calhau, Júlio César Rocha, Ana Faria, João R Araújo

Although elevated blood levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) have been associated with atherosclerosis development in humans, the role of its gut microbiota-derived precursor, TMA, in this process has not been yet deciphered. Taking this into account, and the fact that increased intestinal fatty acid absorption contributes to atherosclerosis onset and progression, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of TMA on fatty acid absorption in a cell line that mimics human enterocytes. Caco-2 cells were treated with TMA 250 μM for 24 h. Fatty acid absorption was assessed by measuring the apical-to-basolateral transport and the intracellular levels of BODIPY-C12, a fluorescently labelled fatty acid analogue. Gene expression of the main intestinal fatty acid transporters was evaluated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Compared to control conditions, TMA increased, in a time-dependent manner and by 20-50 %, the apical-to-basolateral transport and intracellular levels of BODIPY-C12 fatty acid in Caco-2 cells. Fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) and fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 gene expression were not stimulated by TMA, suggesting that TMA-induced increase in fatty acid transport may be mediated by an increase in FAT/CD36 and/or FATP4 activity and/or fatty acid passive transport. This study demonstrated that TMA increases the intestinal absorption of fatty acids. Future studies are necessary to confirm if this may constitute a novel mechanism that partially explains the existing positive association between the consumption of a diet rich in TMA sources (e.g. red meat) and the increased risk of atherosclerotic diseases.

虽然血液中三甲胺n -氧化物(TMAO)水平升高与人类动脉粥样硬化的发展有关,但其肠道微生物来源的前体TMA在这一过程中的作用尚未被破译。考虑到这一点,以及肠道脂肪酸吸收增加有助于动脉粥样硬化发生和进展的事实,本研究旨在评估TMA对模拟人肠细胞细胞系脂肪酸吸收的影响。用250 μM TMA处理Caco-2细胞24小时。通过测量脂肪酸的根尖向基底侧转运和BODIPY-C12(一种荧光标记的脂肪酸类似物)的细胞内水平来评估脂肪酸吸收。采用实时定量反转录PCR技术检测肠道主要脂肪酸转运蛋白的基因表达。与对照条件相比,TMA以一种时间依赖性的方式增加了Caco-2细胞中BODIPY-C12脂肪酸的顶端到基底侧运输和细胞内水平,增加了20- 50%。脂肪酸转运蛋白4 (FATP4)和脂肪酸转位酶(FAT)/CD36基因表达不受TMA刺激,提示TMA诱导的脂肪酸转运增加可能是由FAT/CD36和/或FATP4活性增加和/或脂肪酸被动转运介导的。这项研究表明,TMA增加了肠道对脂肪酸的吸收。未来的研究需要证实这是否可能构成一种新机制,部分解释富含TMA来源的饮食(如红肉)与动脉粥样硬化疾病风险增加之间存在的正相关关系。
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引用次数: 0
Gender disparity in minimum dietary diversity failure among currently breastfed children aged 6-23 months in Bangladesh: evidence from Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 2019. 孟加拉国目前母乳喂养的6-23个月儿童中最低饮食多样性失败方面的性别差异:来自2019年孟加拉国多指标类集调查的证据。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-03 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.89
Md Ismail Hossain, Samia Kabir, Faozia Afia Zinia

Research on children's dietary diversity plays a crucial role in designing effective health interventions. Thus, this study aimed to identify the factors contributing to minimum dietary diversity failure (MDDF) among male and female children aged 6-23 months in Bangladesh. The data for this study was obtained from the Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 2019, which included children currently breastfed within a specific age range. Multivariable binary logistic regression was employed to assess the strength and significance of the association. The findings revealed that approximately 59⋅4 % of children in Bangladesh experienced MDDF, with 57⋅8 % of male children and 61 % of female children affected. Proportion test uncovered a significant gender disparity (χ2=6⋅58, P-value = 0⋅01) among children aged 6-23 months. However, the multivariable binary logistic regression analysis revealed that both male and female children shared common risk factors for MDDF, which included child age, maternal educational status, wealth status, number of antenatal care visits, and division. In our study, we observed varied spatial patterns in minimal dietary diversity. Sherpur, Netrokona, Sunamganj, and Sylhet districts showed the highest failure rates. Notably, all are flood-affected areas, impacting food availability and diversity. For targeted regional development programmes, district mapping results may offer valuable insights to policymakers, especially in areas with a high prevalence of dietary diversity failure. By understanding these risk factors, policymakers and stakeholders can implement targeted strategies to improve dietary diversity among children, promoting better health and well-being for the young population in Bangladesh.

儿童饮食多样性研究在设计有效的健康干预措施方面起着至关重要的作用。因此,本研究旨在确定在孟加拉国6-23个月的男女儿童中导致最小膳食多样性失败(MDDF)的因素。本研究的数据来自2019年孟加拉国多指标类集调查,其中包括目前在特定年龄范围内母乳喂养的儿童。采用多变量二元逻辑回归来评估这种关联的强度和显著性。调查结果显示,孟加拉国约有59.4%的儿童经历过MDDF,其中57.8%的男孩和61%的女孩受到影响。比例检验结果显示,6 ~ 23月龄儿童性别差异显著(χ2=6⋅58,p值= 0⋅01)。然而,多变量二元logistic回归分析显示,男性和女性儿童具有共同的MDDF危险因素,包括儿童年龄、母亲受教育程度、财富状况、产前检查次数和部门。在我们的研究中,我们观察到最小饮食多样性的不同空间格局。Sherpur、Netrokona、Sunamganj和Sylhet地区的不合格率最高。值得注意的是,这些地区都是受洪水影响的地区,影响了粮食供应和多样性。对于有针对性的区域发展计划,区域测绘结果可能为决策者提供有价值的见解,特别是在饮食多样性缺乏的地区。通过了解这些风险因素,决策者和利益攸关方可以实施有针对性的战略,改善儿童饮食多样性,促进孟加拉国青年人口的健康和福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Response to the Letter to the Editor on the association between selenium intake and cognitive function among older adults in the US: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2011-2014. 对美国老年人硒摄入量与认知功能之间关系致编辑的信的回应:2011-2014年全国健康和营养检查调查。
IF 2.5 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.87
Khondoker Adeba Ferdous, Linda L Knol, Han-A Park
Dear Editor, We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the letter to the editor by Patel et al. regarding our recently published article on the ‘Association between Selenium Intake and Cognitive Function among Older Adults in the US: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2011–2014’. We are grateful to the authors for taking an interest in our work and providing constructive feedback. In the letter, the authors acknowledged the importance of the study and provided a critical assessment of the study design. The authors suggested additional factors that can influence the effect of selenium such as the use of medications, diet, and the presence of viral infections. Medications such as chemotherapeutic and psychoactive agents and viral infections may potentiate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, whereas a diet rich in antioxidants may help to neutralise excessive ROS. Therefore, these are indeed important factors that can change neuronal structure and function by manipulating signalling pathways associated with ROS, in turn, can provide a better understanding of the relationship between selenium intake and cognitive function. Our main goal in the currently published article was to provide an association of selenium intake on cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults. From our analyses, we found the prevalence of inadequate selenium intake was roughly 5 %. Additionally, selenium intake was highly related to overall energy intake. In this population-based study, participants with inadequate selenium intake had an average energy intake of 851 kcal. If the two-dietary recalls were representative of usual intake over time, then risk factors for malnutrition should be considered in any future analyses. We are aware that dietary analysis is important to assess the interaction among nutrients and consequently the effect of selenium. However, this extensive analysis may be more appropriate to be approached as a separate dedicated study in the future. In addition, our study was a secondary analysis of the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data which limited us from including the specific factors mentioned by the authors such as history of COVID infection, and use of anthracycline and platinum derivatives. Moreover, NHANES stopped conducting cognitive assessments after the year 2014. We want to thank the authors again for their thoughtful critique and their commitment to advancing scientific discourse. The issues raised merit further investigation in future research efforts. There are limited epidemiological studies that have explored the potential neuroprotective effects of adequate selenium intake on cognitive function. We hope that our study can serve as a steppingstone for more comprehensive studies that can elucidate the complex relationship between selenium intake, cognitive function, and the various factors including nutritional, biological, medical, and socioeconomic status that can in
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Nutritional Science
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