Language & Communication最新文献

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Defining language and managing its use: Language technology as language management 定义语言并管理其使用：作为语言管理的语言技术

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.10.004

Nina Markl

Language technologies such as voice user interfaces, large language models and machine translation tools are embedded in an ever-growing range of digital devices and services used by millions of people every day in contexts as diverse as schools, homes, hospitals, and offices. In this paper, I argue that the way these technologies are used by and used on language workers and other members of language communities can be understood as a type of language management. As social scientists of technology have long pointed out, all technologies are shaped by and expressive of ideologies. In the case of language technologies, some of these are ideologies about language(s) and their speakers. Rather than simply (or only) functioning as linguistic interfaces facilitating interaction between people, language technologies reinforce linguistic ideologies, and contribute to the ideological construction of particular languages and their communities, as well as more abstract notions of ‘language’ and its value and purpose. They are furthermore often directly deployed to manage language work(ers) through surveillance, and partial automation. Understanding the ways in which language technologies reproduce, mediate and shape linguistic behaviours and beliefs as part of “algorithmic language management” allows us to connect them to both the broader sociotechnical and political project of artificial intelligence, and the scholarship on language policy.

语音用户界面、大型语言模型和机器翻译工具等语言技术被嵌入到越来越多的数字设备和服务中，每天有数百万人在学校、家庭、医院和办公室等各种环境中使用。在本文中，我认为这些技术被语言工作者和语言社区的其他成员使用的方式可以被理解为一种语言管理。正如技术社会科学家早就指出的那样，所有的技术都是由意识形态塑造和表达的。就语言技术而言，其中一些是关于语言及其使用者的意识形态。语言技术不是简单地（或仅仅）作为促进人与人之间互动的语言界面，而是强化了语言意识形态，并有助于特定语言及其社区的意识形态建设，以及更抽象的“语言”概念及其价值和目的。此外，它们经常通过监视和部分自动化直接部署来管理语言工作。作为“算法语言管理”的一部分，理解语言技术复制、调解和塑造语言行为和信仰的方式，使我们能够将它们与更广泛的人工智能社会技术和政治项目以及语言政策学术联系起来。

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引用次数: 0

Social meanings of academic terms in student-to-student interaction 学生与学生互动中学术术语的社会意义

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.10.002

Astrid Ag

This article focuses on the use of academic terms among students enrolled in social and teacher education programs. Across a data set comprising recordings of group works sessions, student interviews, and ethnographic observations, I investigate a reoccurring practice among the students of regularly orienting explicitly to their use (or non-use) of academic terms during group work. With a point of departure in linguistic ethnography, I analyze three instances of metapragmatic discourse related to academic terms. I argue that academic terms carry social meaning and are a rich resource for social positioning and negotiation of social relations, and I show how the use as well as non-use of academic terms play a central, multifaceted role among students. More specifically, I demonstrate that– in a student environment with substantial focus on academic terminology – several of the students put great effort into navigating various social positions when using academic terms during group work (including that of distancing themselves from the terms) while students not using academic terms might feel they are being overlooked by their peers.

这篇文章的重点是在社会和教师教育项目的学生中使用学术术语。通过一个包含小组工作会议记录、学生访谈和人种学观察的数据集，我调查了学生在小组工作中定期明确定位他们使用（或不使用）学术术语的反复出现的做法。本文从语言民族志的角度出发，分析了三个与学术术语相关的元语用话语实例。我认为学术术语具有社会意义，是社会定位和社会关系谈判的丰富资源，我展示了学术术语的使用和不使用如何在学生中发挥核心的、多方面的作用。更具体地说，我证明了——在一个大量关注学术术语的学生环境中——一些学生在小组工作中使用学术术语时（包括与这些术语保持距离）会花很大的精力来导航不同的社会地位，而不使用学术术语的学生可能会觉得他们被同龄人忽视了。

引用次数: 0

A multimodal local grammar of evaluation in picture books 绘本评价的多模态局部语法

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.11.001

Ding Huang, Jiajin Xu

Local grammar is an approach to account for a specific meaning or discourse function, such as evaluation, in a particular type of discourse. Existing research predominantly examines writing and speech by adults, while little investigation has been conducted on texts produced by and intended for children. This study aimed to contribute insights into the meaning of evaluation co-constructed with texts and images in children's picture books. The study identified multimodal local grammar patterns of evaluation from 77 picture books selected from the Oxford Reading Tree series. Results demonstrate how enriched evaluative meaning is conveyed through texts and images, revealing recurrent verbal-visual co-selection units that target specific aspects of evaluative meaning. The multimodal local grammar approach maintains the advantage of systematically and comprehensively describing a discourse function in language and ensures the efficiency of image annotation.

局部语法是一种在特定类型的语篇中解释特定意义或语篇功能（如评价）的方法。现有的研究主要是研究成人的写作和言语，而对儿童创作和为儿童设计的文本进行的调查很少。本研究旨在探讨儿童绘本中文本与图像共构评价的意义。该研究从77本牛津阅读树系列绘本中确定了评价的多模态本地语法模式。结果显示了丰富的评价意义是如何通过文本和图像传达的，揭示了针对评价意义的特定方面的反复出现的语言-视觉共选择单元。多模态局部语法方法既保持了语言中系统、全面描述话语功能的优势，又保证了图像标注的效率。

引用次数: 0

Did language originate with Homo erectus? The scavenging inference 语言起源于直立人吗？清除推理

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.10.005

Rudolf Botha

At issue in this article is the claim that human language originated in a new foraging behavior of early Homo erectus: confrontational scavenging as aggressive competition for edible remains of megafauna. Made by Derek Bickerton, among others, this claim represents the conclusion of a composite inference – the Scavenging Inference – drawn by him from “indirect” and “inferential” evidence. The inference starts from data about cut marks on fossil megafauna bones, and ends, via a sequence comprising four simple inferences, with the conclusion that early Homo erectus scavengers used signals with the property of displaced reference for recruiting band members. This article reconstructs these simple inferences and appraises their soundness, finding it to be questionable in various ways. Consequently, the Scavenging Inference cannot be used to make a strong case for the view that language originated with early Homo erectus. The simple inferences are reconstructed and appraised in the framework of the Windows Approach shown in the article to incorporate a range of conceptual constructs that are well suited to investigating the origin and evolution of human language.

这篇文章的争论点在于，人类语言起源于早期直立人的一种新的觅食行为：对抗性食腐，作为对巨型动物可食用遗骸的积极竞争。由Derek Bickerton等人提出的这一主张，代表了他从“间接”和“推论”证据中得出的综合推论的结论——清道夫推论。这一推论从巨型动物骨骼化石上的切割痕迹数据开始，通过一系列由四个简单推论组成的序列，最终得出结论，即早期的直立人食腐动物使用具有位移参考属性的信号来招募群体成员。本文对这些简单的推论进行了重构，并对其合理性进行了评价，发现其存在多方面的问题。因此，清道夫推理不能用来为语言起源于早期直立人的观点提供强有力的证据。在本文所示的Windows方法框架中，对这些简单的推论进行了重构和评估，以纳入一系列非常适合研究人类语言起源和进化的概念结构。

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引用次数: 0

Metaphorical emergence through propositional and imagistic modes of metaphor processing 隐喻通过命题模式和意象模式的加工产生

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.10.003

Omid Khatin-Zadeh

Building on Carston's (2010) distinction between propositional and imagistic modes of metaphor processing and Indurkya's (2007) dichotomy between similarity-based and similarity-creating metaphors, this paper discusses how propositional and imagistic modes are involved in the processing of similarity-based and similarity-creating metaphors. Based on these distinctions, four sets of conditions are discussed separately. Then, it is suggested that the representation constructed for the target domain of a metaphor can be a combination of propositional and imagistic elements, although one of them may be dominant. The propositional component is the product of propositional emergence, while the imagistic component is the product of imagistic emergence. The combination of these two components constitutes the target representation emerging through the metaphor.

本文以Carston（2010）对隐喻加工的命题模式和意象模式的区分以及Indurkya（2007）对相似性基础隐喻和创造相似性隐喻的二分法为基础，讨论了命题模式和意象模式如何参与相似性基础隐喻和创造相似性隐喻的加工。基于这些区别，我们分别讨论了四组条件。在此基础上，我们认为隐喻的目标域表征可以是命题和意象两种要素的结合，尽管其中一种可能占主导地位。命题成分是命题出现的产物，意象成分是意象出现的产物。这两个成分的结合构成了通过隐喻出现的目标表征。

引用次数: 0

“And I know that’s not how ‘tm’ works; but in podcasting, it does”: The trademark sign ‘tm’ and mark identification in spotify speech “我知道这不是‘tm’的工作方式；但在播客中，它确实如此”：商标符号“tm”和spotify语音中的标识

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.09.012

LaReina Hingson, Lillian Malay

Legal language is judiciously protected by the legal community, yet when those same terms are publicly available for use, language change affects the use and meaning of those same terms. In the case of trademarks, those marks can ‘go generic’ and lose their legal efficacy. Here, we examine the use of the trademark sign, TM, for its use in spoken discourse. We find that the highly productive nature of speech allows several linguistic changes to occur, including noun-to-verb conversion, novel negation, and repetition of the mark and sign. These changes, rather than straining the legal intent of the sign, retain the core meaning association with trademark law--those of ownership, branding, and legitimacy. Prosody cues were not determinative of mark identification in isolation but contributed to the overall ability to identify the mark.

法律语言受到法律界的明智保护，然而，当这些相同的术语可供公开使用时，语言的变化会影响这些术语的使用和含义。就商标而言，这些商标可能会“变得通用”，失去法律效力。在这里，我们研究了商标符号TM在口语话语中的使用。我们发现，言语的高度生产性允许发生几种语言变化，包括名词到动词的转换，新颖的否定，以及标记和符号的重复。这些变化并没有使标志的法律意图变得紧张，而是保留了与商标法相关的核心意义——所有权、品牌和合法性。韵律线索对单独识别标记没有决定性作用，但对识别标记的整体能力有贡献。

引用次数: 0

Mnemonic normalisation in the visual politics of the German far-right 德国极右翼视觉政治中的助记法正常化

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.10.001

Georgios Samaras

Drawing on fieldwork in Munich and Karlsruhe during the February 2025 federal election, this article examines how the Alternative for Germany (AfD) deploys street-level visuals to reshape collective memory and mainstream exclusionary politics. Using visual ethnography and social semiotics, it analyses posters, billboards and handouts in situ, attending to composition, salience, modality and text–image anchorage. The article advances mnemonic normalisation to describe the progressive erosion of the constraining force of Germany's post-war guilt through selective reframing of the past. Across motifs of reclaimed freedom, leadership personification, “free speech”, secure borders and remigration, minimalist design, spatial saturation and dog-whistle cues recalibrate what is publicly sayable. Comparative analysis shows that local reception differed—defacement and counter-messaging were common in Munich, while distribution practices intensified in Karlsruhe—yet the core effect converged: embedding claims about who may speak, belong and remain within everyday urban space. The study demonstrates how the far-right can recast remembrance as an obstacle to national renewal, legitimising exclusion and deportability through ordinary design and repeated public display.

本文通过在2025年2月联邦大选期间在慕尼黑和卡尔斯鲁厄的实地考察，考察了德国新选择党（AfD）如何利用街头视觉效果重塑集体记忆和主流排他性政治。使用视觉人种学和社会符号学，它分析了海报，广告牌和讲义在现场，注意组成，突出性，形态和文本-图像锚定。文章提出了助记正常化，描述了通过选择性地重构过去，德国战后罪恶感的约束力量逐渐受到侵蚀。重新获得的自由、领导人格化、“言论自由”、安全边界和移民、极简主义设计、空间饱和和狗哨提示等主题重新校准了公开言论。对比分析表明，当地的接收方式不同——在慕尼黑，污迹和反信息很常见，而在卡尔斯鲁厄，传播行为加剧了——但核心效果是一致的：在日常城市空间中嵌入关于谁可以说话、属于谁并留在谁的声明。这项研究表明，极右翼如何通过普通的设计和反复的公开展示，将纪念重塑为国家复兴的障碍，使排斥和驱逐合法化。

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引用次数: 0

Voicing and staging Indigenous resilience: Ella Marie Hætta Isaksen's performance of the Sámi yoik Máze 发声与舞台表演：艾拉·玛丽·Hætta Isaksen对Sámi yoik Máze的表演

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.09.009

Pia Lane

Across the world, Indigenous traditions have often been silenced. Norway implemented oppressive policies towards the Indigenous Sámi people, targeting their language and culture practices. Traditional Sámi singing yoik, was associated with Sámi religion and at times banned though retained as cultural and social memory. This article explores Sámi resistance and resilience in the face of European colonial oppression, focusing on the traditional practice of yoik as a means of cultural endurance and resilience. Through an analysis of Ella Marie Hætta Isaksen's performance of Máze - broadcasted by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) - the article examines how yoik operates as a multifaceted communicative practice. Though suppressed, yoik still persisted as a vital expression of Sámi identity, memory, resistance and resilience. The performance of Máze is situated within broader historical contexts of colonial violence and Sámi protests, particularly in relation to the Alta Dam controversy as the village Máze, due to the construction of the dam, was supposed to be submerged. Through the interplay of voice, instrumentation, bodily posture, camera work, and stage design, Ella Marie's performance of Máze enacts a powerful reminder of colonial past, but also resilience and ongoing decolonial resistance. Yoiks such as Máze are songs of struggle historically and contemporary and have become a means to overcome historical silences, giving voice to all those who resisted silencing and showed resilience.

在世界各地，土著传统往往被压制。挪威对土著Sámi人民实施压迫政策，针对他们的语言和文化习俗。传统的Sámi唱yoik，与Sámi宗教有关，有时被禁止，但作为文化和社会记忆保留下来。本文探讨Sámi在面对欧洲殖民压迫时的抵抗和韧性，重点关注yoik的传统实践作为一种文化耐力和韧性的手段。本文通过对挪威广播公司（NRK）播放的艾拉·玛丽·艾萨克森的《Máze》表演的分析，探讨了youik作为一种多层面的交际实践是如何运作的。尽管受到压制，youik仍然作为Sámi身份、记忆、抵抗和韧性的重要表达而存在。Máze的表演是在殖民暴力和Sámi抗议的更广泛的历史背景下进行的，特别是与阿尔塔大坝争议有关的村庄Máze，由于大坝的建设，应该被淹没。通过声音、乐器、身体姿势、摄影和舞台设计的相互作用，Ella Marie的Máze表演有力地提醒了人们殖民时代的过去，但也体现了韧性和持续的非殖民化抵抗。像Máze这样的Yoiks是历史和当代的斗争歌曲，已经成为克服历史沉默的手段，让所有反对沉默和表现出韧性的人发出声音。

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引用次数: 0

Constructing a linguistic commonwealth: John Hart's ideology and rhetoric of spelling reform 构建语言共同体：约翰·哈特的拼写改革思想与修辞

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.09.010

Andrew Ji Ma

Orthographic standardisation and codification had a central place in linguistic scholarship of the Renaissance period. This paper situates the study of John Hart's proposals for spelling reform in a political context. Instead of focusing entirely on the scientific content of his linguistic writings, it brings together the technical, ideological, and rhetorical dimensions in one discussion, seeking to investigate how Hart's ideas about language were informed by the theory and practice of Tudor politics. I argue that Hart maps at least four meanings of the concept commonwealth onto his understanding of spelling rationalisation. This linguistic endeavour can be seen as a programme to construct a commonwealth of orthography, which was modelled on the Tudor ideology and rhetoric of creating a socio-political commonwealth.

正字法的标准化和编纂在文艺复兴时期的语言学研究中占有中心地位。本文将约翰·哈特的拼写改革建议置于政治语境中进行研究。这本书并没有完全关注他的语言学著作的科学内容，而是将技术、意识形态和修辞的维度集中在一起进行讨论，试图调查哈特关于语言的观点是如何受到都铎政治理论和实践的影响的。我认为，哈特将英联邦概念的至少四种含义映射到他对拼写合理化的理解上。这种语言学上的努力可以被看作是一种构建正字法共同体的计划，它以都铎王朝的意识形态和创造社会政治共同体的修辞为模型。

引用次数: 0

Investigating sound patterns in interspecies interaction 研究物种间相互作用的声音模式

IF 1.4 2区文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Language & Communication

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2025.09.011

Katariina Harjunpää , Beatrice Szczepek Reed

The humanities and social sciences are currently experiencing an “animal turn”, where new research perspectives on communicative resources have begun to flourish, and where new theoretical insights have helped language research situate itself in broader more-than-human debates. In this growing field, perspectives are being developed on the role of language for the way organisms are intertwined with their environments. This Special Issue focuses on vocal communication specifically. Vocal conduct in human-animal interactions is still under-explored, despite it being one of the core modalities for the joint enactment of the human-nonhuman relationship. The contributions to this Special Issue grasp the opportunity for a renewed and rigorous exploration of sound-based interaction between humans and animals, including the diversity of auditory resources used. In this introduction, we trace the research leading up to this point and provide an overview of individual contributions to the Special Issue.

人文和社会科学目前正在经历“动物转向”，关于交际资源的新研究视角开始蓬勃发展，新的理论见解帮助语言研究将自己置于更广泛的超越人类的辩论中。在这个不断发展的领域，语言在生物体与其环境相互交织的过程中所扮演的角色正在得到发展。这期特刊专门关注声音交流。尽管声乐行为是人类与非人类关系共同制定的核心模式之一，但人类与动物互动中的声乐行为仍未得到充分探索。本期特刊的文章抓住了一个机会，对人类与动物之间基于声音的互动进行了新的和严格的探索，包括所使用的听觉资源的多样性。在这篇引言中，我们追溯了导致这一点的研究，并提供了对特刊的个人贡献的概述。

引用次数: 0

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