Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/14614456241276718
Michele Koven, Elise Kramer, Sabina M Perrino
{"title":"Introduction to “scaling stories: Narratives and the dialogic regimentation of scales”","authors":"Michele Koven, Elise Kramer, Sabina M Perrino","doi":"10.1177/14614456241276718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241276718","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/14614456241276910
Kristina Wirtz
I examine the powerful institutional scaling project of the 2017 American Academy of Arts & Sciences report, America’s Languages: Investing in Language Education for the 21st Century. I analyze the scalar configurations emerging in the report’s narrative argumentation with the goal of denaturalizing its scale-making narratives in the production of a ‘common-sense’ regimentation of the value of language learning and multilingualism in the United States. These configurations show how social inequalities in access to language learning are reinforced through the ideologically mapped categorizations of language to sociocultural domains and kinds of speakers. Nomically- and reportively-calibrated, future-oriented narratives present figurations of growth and progress that mix nationalist ideologies of US expansionism, neoliberal and raciolinguistic logics, and even utopian visions. By focusing on scale, and in particular on interscalar processes of comparison, the resonances across these sometimes contradictory ideological frames are brought into focus.
{"title":"Scaling the value of multilingualism: ‘Common-sense’ narratives of growth and inequality in an expert report to the U.S. Congress","authors":"Kristina Wirtz","doi":"10.1177/14614456241276910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241276910","url":null,"abstract":"I examine the powerful institutional scaling project of the 2017 American Academy of Arts & Sciences report, America’s Languages: Investing in Language Education for the 21st Century. I analyze the scalar configurations emerging in the report’s narrative argumentation with the goal of denaturalizing its scale-making narratives in the production of a ‘common-sense’ regimentation of the value of language learning and multilingualism in the United States. These configurations show how social inequalities in access to language learning are reinforced through the ideologically mapped categorizations of language to sociocultural domains and kinds of speakers. Nomically- and reportively-calibrated, future-oriented narratives present figurations of growth and progress that mix nationalist ideologies of US expansionism, neoliberal and raciolinguistic logics, and even utopian visions. By focusing on scale, and in particular on interscalar processes of comparison, the resonances across these sometimes contradictory ideological frames are brought into focus.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/14614456241276761
Ian Hutchby
This article details the functions of the imperative verb ‘listen’ in the pre-match build-up discussions of television football pundits. Data were recorded from live coverage of recent national and international football competitions. The analysis shows how ‘listen’ plays a role in what is referred to as prospective expertise: the work accomplished during the extensive pre-game build-up sections of a show, in which pundits engage in highlighting potential points of drama or sporting adversity to be anticipated in the game that is yet to be played. Three patterns are identified, in which different sequential positionings of ‘listen’ yield differing kinds of statements or evaluations, assessments, predictions and caveats regarding the forthcoming game.
{"title":"Prospective expertise: The use of ‘listen’ in the discourse of television sports pundits","authors":"Ian Hutchby","doi":"10.1177/14614456241276761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241276761","url":null,"abstract":"This article details the functions of the imperative verb ‘listen’ in the pre-match build-up discussions of television football pundits. Data were recorded from live coverage of recent national and international football competitions. The analysis shows how ‘listen’ plays a role in what is referred to as prospective expertise: the work accomplished during the extensive pre-game build-up sections of a show, in which pundits engage in highlighting potential points of drama or sporting adversity to be anticipated in the game that is yet to be played. Three patterns are identified, in which different sequential positionings of ‘listen’ yield differing kinds of statements or evaluations, assessments, predictions and caveats regarding the forthcoming game.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1177/14614456241276717
Anna De Fina
In this study, I apply the notions of chronotopes and scales to analyze how Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a US politician and activist, constructs a relatable persona in her Instagram stories. I focus on two strategies that she deploys: the mixing of chronotopes associated with different scales of formality/publicness within the same story, and the use of downscaling strategies to reduce the formality of public chronotopes. More specifically, I analyze her alternation in the same story of images evoking chronotopes related to different domains of her life which can be placed on divergent scales on the public/private and formal/informal continuum. I also show how she uses downscaling strategies such as introducing her dog within chronotopes related to her role as a politician, establishing interpersonal connections, or talking about personal issues to reduce the distance between herself as a politician and her followers. This article thus contributes both to the study of the relationships between chronotopes and scales and to the analysis of communication strategies by politicians.
{"title":"Bonding with followers: Chronotopes and scales in political communication on Instagram","authors":"Anna De Fina","doi":"10.1177/14614456241276717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241276717","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, I apply the notions of chronotopes and scales to analyze how Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a US politician and activist, constructs a relatable persona in her Instagram stories. I focus on two strategies that she deploys: the mixing of chronotopes associated with different scales of formality/publicness within the same story, and the use of downscaling strategies to reduce the formality of public chronotopes. More specifically, I analyze her alternation in the same story of images evoking chronotopes related to different domains of her life which can be placed on divergent scales on the public/private and formal/informal continuum. I also show how she uses downscaling strategies such as introducing her dog within chronotopes related to her role as a politician, establishing interpersonal connections, or talking about personal issues to reduce the distance between herself as a politician and her followers. This article thus contributes both to the study of the relationships between chronotopes and scales and to the analysis of communication strategies by politicians.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1177/14614456241276691
Elise Kramer
Narratives about cancel culture are stories about problematic scaling—yet in telling these stories, cancel culture critics themselves engage in crucial forms of scaling. In this article, I analyze a selection of cancel culture narratives published in mainstream media outlets, focusing on how narrators define the here-and-now and project it into the future. I argue that in order to represent cancel culture as an “epidemic” of “ruining people’s lives over a single mistake,” these narratives must engage in strategic scaling processes that: (1) frame the event(s) prompting the cancellation as “a single mistake”; (2) frame the consequences as “ruining” someone’s “life”; and (3) frame the incident not an individual injustice but as a burgeoning cultural problem—an occurrence that is already too frequent and only becoming more so. This analysis demonstrates the central role that narrators’ scalar framings play in shaping the narrative’s moral and political implications.
{"title":"Constructing cancel culture: Strategic scaling in stories of “cancellation”","authors":"Elise Kramer","doi":"10.1177/14614456241276691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241276691","url":null,"abstract":"Narratives about cancel culture are stories about problematic scaling—yet in telling these stories, cancel culture critics themselves engage in crucial forms of scaling. In this article, I analyze a selection of cancel culture narratives published in mainstream media outlets, focusing on how narrators define the here-and-now and project it into the future. I argue that in order to represent cancel culture as an “epidemic” of “ruining people’s lives over a single mistake,” these narratives must engage in strategic scaling processes that: (1) frame the event(s) prompting the cancellation as “a single mistake”; (2) frame the consequences as “ruining” someone’s “life”; and (3) frame the incident not an individual injustice but as a burgeoning cultural problem—an occurrence that is already too frequent and only becoming more so. This analysis demonstrates the central role that narrators’ scalar framings play in shaping the narrative’s moral and political implications.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1177/14614456241276699
Michele Koven
This paper examines the alignment of multiple chronotopes in narrative discourse about Holocaust rescue. Participants talked about actual alongside hypothetical or counterfactual events surrounding their families’ rescue from Nazi-occupied Europe in the summer of 1940, thanks to then-illegal visas from ‘righteous gentile’ Aristides de Sousa Mendes. Specifically, participants recounted how their families were actually rescued, and what would have happened without Sousa Mendes’s actions (i.e. their family’s likely deportation and murder). They calibrated actual and hypothetical narrated chronotopes to multiple ‘present’ chronotopes: (a) that of the speech event; (b) that of speakers’ ongoing survival and their family members’ existence; and (c) that of timeless, nomic truths which narrators take the narrative to illustrate. Such alignments and disjunctures of multiple pasts and presents constitute a complex type of interdiscursivity, or more specifically, heterochronicity.
{"title":"‘My family wouldn’t have survived, and I would not be here’: Juxtaposing counterfactual and actual pasts and presents in narratives of rescue by Aristides de Sousa Mendes","authors":"Michele Koven","doi":"10.1177/14614456241276699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241276699","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the alignment of multiple chronotopes in narrative discourse about Holocaust rescue. Participants talked about actual alongside hypothetical or counterfactual events surrounding their families’ rescue from Nazi-occupied Europe in the summer of 1940, thanks to then-illegal visas from ‘righteous gentile’ Aristides de Sousa Mendes. Specifically, participants recounted how their families were actually rescued, and what would have happened without Sousa Mendes’s actions (i.e. their family’s likely deportation and murder). They calibrated actual and hypothetical narrated chronotopes to multiple ‘present’ chronotopes: (a) that of the speech event; (b) that of speakers’ ongoing survival and their family members’ existence; and (c) that of timeless, nomic truths which narrators take the narrative to illustrate. Such alignments and disjunctures of multiple pasts and presents constitute a complex type of interdiscursivity, or more specifically, heterochronicity.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Turkish coffee is not only a popular beverage consumed daily in Türkiye, but also a medium that enhances social connections among women within the same communities of practice. In this study, we examine coffee cup fortune-telling as a discourse type and analyse the sociocultural and linguistic characteristics of this intimate and interactional data among 25 Turkish-speaking women who are close friends. The data consists of 22 informal, naturally-occurring and face-to-face coffee cup reading sessions which correspond to 2 hours 40 minutes of audio recordings. Our analyses reveal that Turkish women use culture-specific semiotic and linguistic resources as tools of reflection and persuasion in this jointly constructed discourse. We also argue that coffee cup readings provide opportunities for establishing solidarity through engaging the speakers in troubles talk.
{"title":"‘Neyse Halim Çıksın Falim’: Turkish women’s intimate discourse in fortune-telling sessions through coffee cup readings","authors":"Betil Eröz, Esranur Efeoğlu-Özcan, Banu Çiçek Başaran Uysal","doi":"10.1177/14614456241252894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241252894","url":null,"abstract":"Turkish coffee is not only a popular beverage consumed daily in Türkiye, but also a medium that enhances social connections among women within the same communities of practice. In this study, we examine coffee cup fortune-telling as a discourse type and analyse the sociocultural and linguistic characteristics of this intimate and interactional data among 25 Turkish-speaking women who are close friends. The data consists of 22 informal, naturally-occurring and face-to-face coffee cup reading sessions which correspond to 2 hours 40 minutes of audio recordings. Our analyses reveal that Turkish women use culture-specific semiotic and linguistic resources as tools of reflection and persuasion in this jointly constructed discourse. We also argue that coffee cup readings provide opportunities for establishing solidarity through engaging the speakers in troubles talk.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/14614456241254461
Simeon Ajiboye
Extant studies on alternative dispute resolution (ARD) have focused on the language use, benefits, importance, linguistic parameters and contextual features of ADR but have yet to pay attention to participants’ strict orientation to culture despite the positive implications of these orientations for sustainable harmony in the Nigerian society. This study, therefore, examines participants’ orientation to cultural values and their contribution(s) to the dispute resolution process. The study adopted Levinson’s notion of activity types and functionalism theory of culture. Data comprises purposively selected taped hearing sessions and documented cases between 2010 and 2017 in three southwestern Nigerian universities: the University of Ibadan, Adekunle and Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU), where alternative dispute resolution is practised. The findings reveal that Nigerian alternative resolution encounters are punctuated with conservative-traditional, liberal and noncompromising cultural orientations. Conservative-traditional cultural orientation is expressed through male, sexual and children ownership supremacy cultural scripts; liberal cultural orientation is articulated through fatherhood, marked female support position and patience cultural scripts, while non-compromising cultural orientation is voiced through (dis)respect, (dis)obedience, (im)patience, non-submission and caution cultural scripts. The study concludes that culture plays a vital role in restoring societal peace.
{"title":"‘Poisonous caterpillar fire should not burn a person twice’: Cultural orientations in Nigerian alternative dispute resolution encounters","authors":"Simeon Ajiboye","doi":"10.1177/14614456241254461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241254461","url":null,"abstract":"Extant studies on alternative dispute resolution (ARD) have focused on the language use, benefits, importance, linguistic parameters and contextual features of ADR but have yet to pay attention to participants’ strict orientation to culture despite the positive implications of these orientations for sustainable harmony in the Nigerian society. This study, therefore, examines participants’ orientation to cultural values and their contribution(s) to the dispute resolution process. The study adopted Levinson’s notion of activity types and functionalism theory of culture. Data comprises purposively selected taped hearing sessions and documented cases between 2010 and 2017 in three southwestern Nigerian universities: the University of Ibadan, Adekunle and Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU), where alternative dispute resolution is practised. The findings reveal that Nigerian alternative resolution encounters are punctuated with conservative-traditional, liberal and noncompromising cultural orientations. Conservative-traditional cultural orientation is expressed through male, sexual and children ownership supremacy cultural scripts; liberal cultural orientation is articulated through fatherhood, marked female support position and patience cultural scripts, while non-compromising cultural orientation is voiced through (dis)respect, (dis)obedience, (im)patience, non-submission and caution cultural scripts. The study concludes that culture plays a vital role in restoring societal peace.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1177/14614456241257581
Zhiying Jian
This conversation analytic study identifies a sequential pattern, where the construction of laughable is succeeded by joint laughter between students and supervisors, and is used to anticipate the exposure of trouble and advice-giving. Drawing from authentic supervision meetings in UK institutions, this study identifies key features that appeal joint laughter: (1) students’ disaligment with formal supervisory questions and (2) supervisors’ disruption of students’ consistency of talk to point out something problematic. Both warranting further unpacking, these two types of interactional trouble make the activity of advice-giving relevant. This study not only contributes to the properties of laughable, but also to the sequential environmental prerequisites for advice-giving in supervision interaction.
{"title":"How is joint laughter ‘pre’ to advice-giving: A sequential pattern that centralizes trouble in student supervision","authors":"Zhiying Jian","doi":"10.1177/14614456241257581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241257581","url":null,"abstract":"This conversation analytic study identifies a sequential pattern, where the construction of laughable is succeeded by joint laughter between students and supervisors, and is used to anticipate the exposure of trouble and advice-giving. Drawing from authentic supervision meetings in UK institutions, this study identifies key features that appeal joint laughter: (1) students’ disaligment with formal supervisory questions and (2) supervisors’ disruption of students’ consistency of talk to point out something problematic. Both warranting further unpacking, these two types of interactional trouble make the activity of advice-giving relevant. This study not only contributes to the properties of laughable, but also to the sequential environmental prerequisites for advice-giving in supervision interaction.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1177/14614456241255267
Carmen Pérez-Llantada
This article explores identity construction in citizen science web texts. Keyness and concordance analyses show that these texts reflect, construct and negotiate identity construction in various ways to ultimately support citizen participation in scientific processes. Scientists primarily construct a professional identity through self-representation markers (‘we’ pronouns). They present themselves as credible professionals, aligned with the socially established values and ideologies of the scientific community. In addition, they appear to create a collective identity to promote empathy and to encourage and maintain citizen engagement in scientific processes. However, processes of indexicality and relationality – that is positioning and dialogism – reveal that the construction of a professional identity is consistently made more relevant than a collective expert-crowd identity, thus exposing overt power asymmetries. Even when dialogue between experts and nonexperts is encouraged, all the monologic and dialogic interactions established by the hypertext structure of the project sites reflect power imbalances.
{"title":"Identity construction in digital communication for public engagement in science","authors":"Carmen Pérez-Llantada","doi":"10.1177/14614456241255267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614456241255267","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores identity construction in citizen science web texts. Keyness and concordance analyses show that these texts reflect, construct and negotiate identity construction in various ways to ultimately support citizen participation in scientific processes. Scientists primarily construct a professional identity through self-representation markers (‘we’ pronouns). They present themselves as credible professionals, aligned with the socially established values and ideologies of the scientific community. In addition, they appear to create a collective identity to promote empathy and to encourage and maintain citizen engagement in scientific processes. However, processes of indexicality and relationality – that is positioning and dialogism – reveal that the construction of a professional identity is consistently made more relevant than a collective expert-crowd identity, thus exposing overt power asymmetries. Even when dialogue between experts and nonexperts is encouraged, all the monologic and dialogic interactions established by the hypertext structure of the project sites reflect power imbalances.","PeriodicalId":47598,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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