European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry最新文献

Purpose: Dens evaginatus (DE) is characterised by the presence of a tubercle projection, which when fractured may lead to pulpal pathology. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of DE in the local population and the long-term outcomes of asymptomatic DE premolars managed with tubercle grinding and composite overlay.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 9-year-old Singaporean children. The primary outcome was the success of prophylactic management of asymptomatic DE premolars with a single session of tubercle grinding and composite overlay, as determined by the absence of clinical signs or symptoms. The factors associated with survival of DE premolars treated were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard regression.

Results: The prevalence of DE among Singaporean children was 7.1% (12,677/178,801). DE premolars were more prevalent among females (56.1%) and those of Chinese ethnicity (87.1%). At the tooth level, 26,875 asymptomatic DE premolars were prophylactically managed with tubercle grinding and composite overlay and 2471 DE premolars did not receive any intervention. The mean review period was 46.2 ± 20.2 months. The success rate for DE premolars that received the intervention was significantly higher (p  < 0.001) at 98.9% versus 94.1% in untreated DE premolars. Cox proportional hazard regression revealed that mandibular second premolars (p  < 0.001), DE premolars with fractured tubercles at the time of diagnosis (p  < 0.001) and children of Chinese ethnicity (p  = 0.002) were significantly associated with a higher risk of failures.

Conclusion: The prophylactic management of asymptomatic DE premolars with a single-session tubercle grinding and composite overlay is a successful treatment option.

Purpose: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with autism following an oral preventive regimen (ASDsP) was compared to that of children with autism without a preventive regimen (ASDsNP) and of neurotypical peers (NT).

Methods: An online survey was carried out using the Parental/Caregiver Perception Questionnaire (P-CPQ) and the Family Impact Scale (FIS). Scores were assigned to items, with the total score ranging from 0 to 120 (worst QoL). The median scores were compared amongst groups using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. A multivariate linear regression assessed the relationship between questionnaire scores and demographical variables.

Results: Overall, 168 questionnaires from the ASDsP and the ASDsNP groups, respectively, and 336 from the NT group were selected ASDsP compared to ASDsNP showed lower P-CPQ Emotional wellbeing, FIS Emotion (p < 0.01) and Conflict (p < 0.05), and FIS total score (p < 0.01). In addition, they were less nervous (p < 0.05), shy (p < 0.01), with better sleep (p < 0.05), and with happier parents (p < 0.01). Compared to NT, ASDsP showed higher P-CPQ + FIS, P-CPQ, and FIS total scores (p < 0.01) and P-CPQ Functional limitation, Social wellbeing (p < 0.01), Emotional wellbeing (p < 0.05), and FIS Activity, Emotion and Conflict (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: The preventive regimen reduces parental stress, improving the quality of life of children and families.

Background: Non-traumatic dental conditions (NTDC) that present to the emergency department of a tertiary hospital tend to be related to dental caries, including facial cellulitis, abscess and toothache. This study aimed to report the types of dental conditions and the characteristics of children that presented to an urban tertiary hospital emergency department for NTDC.

Methods: Medical records were reviewed for children less than 19 years of age who presented to the emergency department over a 10-year period with a NTDC. Principal diagnosis, sociodemographic data and source of referral was obtained with treatment and investigations collated for those who were subsequently admitted.

Results: Across the total 4483 dental presentations, 2481 were NTDC. The most common age group was from 0 to 3 years of age (average 6.3) and 57.2% of children were male. Dental caries related diagnoses were the most common reasons for emergency department presentations. A total of 297 children were admitted for investigations and treatment.

Conclusions: Children present to emergency departments with caries related conditions more often than traumatic injuries. Targeted interventions are needed to ensure adequate oral health care access for children to avoid overburdening the emergency services in tertiary hospitals with NTDC.

Background: Oral health plays a critical role in overall well-being, particularly among adolescents, including those with intellectual disabilities. Caregivers, particularly mothers, play an essential role in guiding and supporting these adolescents in maintaining good oral health. This study examined the oral health problems and challenges faced by children with intellectual disabilities from the perspective of their mothers.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 mothers of intellectually disabled adolescents aged 12-18 years in Pondicherry, India. A purposive sampling method was employed to gather information-rich insights from a diverse group of mothers. The interviews were guided by an interview protocol that included open-ended questions about the challenges in maintaining oral health, experiences with dental care providers, and perceived need for support. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify and interpret key themes.

Results: The study identified six key themes affecting the oral health of adolescents with intellectual disabilities from maternal perspectives: physical and behavior challenges, limited access to specialized dental care, financial constraints, lack of professional support and education, emotional and psychological impact on mothers, and social stigma and isolation.

Conclusion: The identified themes highlight the need for comprehensive and multifaceted interventions to address the physical, logistical, financial, educational, and emotional challenges. By understanding and addressing these barriers, healthcare providers, policymakers, and support organizations can improve oral health outcomes and the overall quality of life for adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their families.

Purpose: Glass ionomer fissure sealant (GIS) and fluoride varnish (NaFV) are two preventive interventions applicable to pre-school children. However, their application effects on young children's behaviour are understudied. The study compared the effects of GIS and NaFV applications on dental anxiety (DA), cooperativeness and pain level in pre-school children when applied to primary second molars in outreach settings.

Methods: Four hundred and thirteen children were recruited for the study, out of which 228 were allocated to NaFV group whilstand 185 allocated to the GIS group. One calibrated examiner screened and randomly allocated the children into either group. Another calibrated examiner recorded the children's DA level and cooperativeness with Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (FBRS) and Venham Behaviour Rating Scale (VBRS) throughout the treatment period. Subjects self-reported their pain levels using Wong-Baker Faces Scale (WBFS).

Results: Significant difference in postoperative anxiety was found using VBRS, with children in NaFV group having more positive scores post-treatment (p = 0.016). Only the type of preventive interventions significantly affected postoperative DA and patient cooperation (p = 0.032), whereas no other clinical findings and socio-demographic factors significantly influenced the children's behaviour postoperatively.

Conclusion: NaFV application is associated with less DA and more cooperative behaviour in pre-school children compared to GIS application although similar pain levels were recorded.

Aim: Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption (PIER) defects constitute an important part of anomalies associated with unerupted teeth. However, these defects are usually overlooked by clinicians whilst interpreting radiographs. This systematic review was thus orchestrated to find the global prevalence of PEIR.

Methodology: A comprehensive database search was done until December 2022 for published articles on the prevalence of pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. The review was registered in Prospero (CRD42024501668). The risk of bias was analysed for each study using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cross-sectional studies.

Results: In total 18 studies were included in the present systematic review. The subject prevalence was 3.54% (range 0.56-27.31%) and tooth prevalence of 0.695% (Range 0.073-2.12%). Males and females were equally affected with no difference based on geography and race. Mandibular teeth showed more incidence of PEIR than maxillary teeth. First premolars were most frequently affected in the mandibular arch, whilst canines were affected most in the maxillary arch.

Conclusion: Within the limits of the review, we presented for the first time the global prevalence of PEIR. The condition may be overlooked and could lead to potential complications, thus it is essential to promptly diagnose these defects, thus preventing any further complications. We further suggest that all extirpated soft tissue should be submitted for further evaluation to shed light on the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression of the disease.

Purpose: To determine the interests of Google users from different countries about pacifier-related information over time, through a quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Methods: This infodemiology longitudinal retrospective ecological study investigated pacifier-related computational metadata from 22 countries using Google Trends platform. Initially, Relative Search Volume (RSV) time series data and their respective main queries were collected employing the topic "pacifier - subject" as the search strategy from January 2004 to June 2024, considering all categories. Data were then analyzed through seasonal decomposition to determine the trend, seasonal, and residual components of the collected time series using Python 3 programming libraries in a Google Collaboratory interface. Additionally, Mann-Kendall tests were performed to access the significance level of trends observed from the seasonal decomposition. Finally, the queries were qualitatively evaluated to identify the main subjects related to users' interests. Statistical significance was determined with p values < 0.05.

Results: In general, RSV time series curves exhibited upward trends in all analyzed countries over the years, with significance levels demonstrated by the Mann-Kendall tests. Moreover, queries often centered around types of pacifiers, encompassing searches specifically for certain commercial brands. Some searches concerning newborn and baby care were also observed, particularly highlighting breastfeeding practices.

Conclusion: Google users have shown an increasing interest in pacifier-related topics. These data can help understand the needs and concerns of parents and caregivers regarding pacifier use, ultimately supporting the development of effective educational strategies.

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, and treatment of MIH among dentists in Jordan.

Methods: An online questionnaire using Google Forms was sent to the dentists who were registered with the Jordan Dental Association and worked in Jordan through social media groups. The questionnaire consisted of three sections, sociodemographic characteristics, the knowledge of dentists about the aetiology, diagnosis, and prevalence of MIH, and treatment options and barriers for treating MIH. Descriptive statistics with chi-squared test was used, and level of statistical significance was set to 5%.

Results: A total of 388 dentists had responded to the questionnaire (response rate 24.25%), (80.7%) reported that they have come across MIH cases during their practice. Yellow/brown demarcations were reported as the most common presentation of MIH (45.6%). All paediatric dentists were confident in diagnosing MIH, this was statistically higher than that reported by general dentists (56.8%) and dentists of other specialities (60.2%), P = 0.000. Pre-formed metal crowns were the treatment of choice for (57.2%) of participant, followed by composite restorations (52.3%). Child behaviour (56.2%), and late acknowledgment of the defect by the parents (46.1%) were the most encountered barriers for treatment.

Conclusion: Molar incisor hypomineralisation is a common condition that is encountered frequently by general dental practitioners as well as dental specialists, nevertheless most dentists were not aware about the prevalence of MIH in Jordan and indicated their need to improve their approach regarding MIH diagnosis and treatment.