European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry最新文献

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between maternal depressive symptoms and Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in children residing in rural communities in southern Brazil.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 236 children aged 1-5 years and their mothers. Mothers answered the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) addressing depressive symptoms and a structured questionnaire investigating demographic, socioeconomic and behavioural characteristics. The mothers and children underwent oral health examinations using the WHO criteria (DMFT and dmft index, respectively). The outcome was the occurrence of ECC (dmft ≥ 1) and the main exposure was symptoms of maternal depression. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for potential confounding variables.

Results: Overall, 37.7% of the children had ECC and 21.5% of the mothers had symptoms of depression. The prevalence of ECC was significantly higher among children of mothers with depressive symptoms (52.0%) compared to those of mothers without symptoms (34.6%). The multivariate analysis showed that the likelihood of ECC was nearly 50% higher in children whose mothers presented depressive symptoms (PR = 1.46; 95% CI 1.04-2.05) compared to those with mothers without depressive symptoms.

Conclusion: The symptoms of maternal depression increased the likelihood of ECC in preschool children living in a rural area.

Purpose: Diverse treatment modalities are available for managing deep caries in primary dentition, with a growing interest in minimally invasive approaches. It remains unclear which treatment modality is applied by dentists in daily practice. This study aimed to explore the general dental practitioners' (GDP), and paediatric dentists' (PD) approaches to managing deep caries in primary molars.

Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed using the Google Form survey tool to dentists across Jordan. Descriptive data analysis was performed. Chi-square was used to analyse correlations (P < 0.05).

Results: A total of 376 responses were analysed. Almost two-thirds of participants were GDPs (58.8%), 23.4% were PDs, 14.1% were paediatric PGs and 3.7% were academics. For asymptomatic teeth, indirect pulp capping (IPC) was the most opted treatment among all participants (N = 129; 34.3%) followed by the Hall technique (N = 70;18.6%). IPC and Hall techniques were significantly more selected by PDs (P < 0.001). For teeth with symptoms of reversible pulpitis, most participants preferred pulpotomy (N = 152; 40.4%), followed by IPC (N = 125; 33.2%). IPC was significantly more selected by PDs (P < 0.001). For teeth with symptoms of irreversible pulpitis, pulpotomy was preferred by most participants (N = 263; 69.9%).

Conclusion: The PD approach favours less invasive biologically based interventions for managing asymptomatic and reversibly inflamed primary molars. GDPs require further education on less invasive biologically based interventions.

Purpose: To assess the effect of COVID-19 related maternal psychological stress (MS) in the first trimester of pregnancy on non-syndromic orofacial-clefts (NSOFCs).

Methods: This retrospective case-control cross-sectional study included infants who were born during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sample size was determined based on differences in MS and their effect on clefts etiology. Infants were divided into two groups: cases (with NSOFCs) and controls (healthy); two controls were selected for each case, matched by gender and residence. Data was collected from mothers through phone-based questionnaires which consisted of three parts: demographics, risk factors, and maternal stress using the Life Events Questionnaire (LEQ) and Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). Descriptive statistics, correlations and logistic regression were done, level of significance was set at (P ≤ 0.05).

Results: The final sample included 192 infants: (64 cases, 128 controls), mostly females, born full-term, with normal weight (55.2%, 72.9%, and 62.5%, respectively). Mothers ages were 19-41 years. Prevalence of NSOFCs was 1.41 birth per 1000 live births. The LEQ showed that changing residence (P = 0.012) and overall stress (P = 0.019) were significant factors for mothers in both groups. Regression analysis showed that low gestational age of the infant (P = 0.009), lack of folic acid intake during the first trimester (P = 0.037), parental consanguinity (P = 0.019) and maternal stress due to COVID-19 pandemic (P = 0.039) were risk factors for NSOFCs.

Conclusion: Despite limitations of reliance on self-reported MS, this study suggests that maternal stress is a risk factor for NSOFCs. More studies need to be conducted addressing MS during prenatal and perinatal periods.

Purpose: To depict and evaluate the characteristics, engagement, content, and quality of YouTube videos containing information about silver diamine fluoride (SDF).

Methods: A total of 200 YouTube™ videos were selected and screened, and the video characteristics and engagement indicators were recorded. They were then reviewed for consistency with current professional guidelines on this topic. Two independent reviewers scored the videos using a customized 8-point scoring and 5-point Global Quality Scale (GQS) to assess the content information and the overall quality of each video. These videos were further classified into good, moderate, and poor videos. Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-squared, and Spearman's correlation tests were used for the statistical analysis.

Results: 110 videos met the inclusion criteria. The median total content score was 3 (IQR = 4) and the median GQS score was 2 (IQR = 2). Less than half (n = 49; 45.5%) of the videos were uploaded by healthcare professionals. The video content was classified as good (n = 26; 23.64%), moderate (n = 43; 39.09%), and poor (n = 41; 37.27%). Good-quality videos have a significantly higher information content score than the other groups (P = 0.001). A strong correlation was found between the total content score and GQS score (rho = 0.970, P = 0.001). Longer duration, higher interaction index, and recent upload are associated with higher content and quality scores.

Conclusion: A considerable number of videos are available on YouTube about SDF treatment and are attracting public interest. The content and quality of these videos vary widely and are related to several factors.

Purpose: This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the influence of guardians' prior knowledge about silver diamine fluoride (SDF), through the application of an instructional video, on their acceptance and perception of its use in children.

Methods: The children's guardians responded to a questionnaire containing questions about the use of SDF. They were randomized into groups: test, received prior information about SDF through a video; control, did not receive prior information. As answer options (yes/maybe/no) for each question, scores were assigned (0-2). The lower the total score (0-24), the better the acceptance and perception. X² and Mann-Whitney tests were used for comparisons between groups.

Results: Eighty-two participants were included (test, n = 42; control, n = 40). The total score was 6.98 (± 4.33) in the test group and 8.45 (± 4.87) in the control (p = 0.683). Considering the use of SDF in anterior teeth, the test group showed better acceptance (p = 0.027).

Conclusion: The prior knowledge about the SDF did not, generally, influence the acceptance and perception of the guardians. However, regarding anterior teeth, there was better acceptance and perception by those who received the video about SDF.

Background: Limited clinical evidence is currently available on the retention rates of the silver-nanoparticles filled pit and fissure sealant in permanent molars.

Aim: To compare the retention rates of a resin-based sealant with silver-nanoparticles with that of a conventional resin-based sealant on permanent molars in children.

Methods: A split-mouth design was used. Six to fourteen years old children (n = 150) reporting to a tertiary care hospital were recruited. A total of 264 pairs of permanent molars were subjected to one of the two interventions-A-Resin-based sealant without silver-nanoparticles (Helioseal F plus sealant); B-resin-based sealant with silver-nanoparticles (e-pit and fissure sealant). Sealants were applied using a standardized technique by a single-blinded operator. Primary outcome was the retention of the sealants and secondary outcomes were the presence or absence of caries, surface roughness, marginal integrity and discoloration of the sealant material. Follow-up evaluations were conducted at 6- and 12-months by two blinded evaluators. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test and p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant.

Results: At 12 months, 224 pairs of permanent molars were available for analysis. The test sealant, e-Pit and fissure sealant performed better in terms of retention (68.3% of sealants with silver-nanoparticles retained as compared to 53.6% of resin-based sealants Helioseal F plus; p = 0.001), surface roughness, marginal integrity and sealant discoloration (p < 0.05). The occurrence of caries did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.391).

Conclusion: The study concluded that e-pit and fissure sealant with silver-nanoparticles had a better retention rate as compared to the Helioseal F plus sealant but caries occurrence was not different between the two groups.

Trial registration number: CTRI/2022/05/042622.

Purpose: The European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) has developed this best clinical practice guidance to help clinicians manage the oral health of long-term childhood cancer survivors.

Methods: An expert group conducted a systematic review of the relevant literature on oral health care management of long-term childhood cancer survivors (CCS). The workshop was held during the corresponding EAPD interim seminar in Prague in May 2023. Several clinical based recommendations and statements were agreed upon, and gaps in our knowledge were identified.

Results: The evidence regarding prevalence was limited to retrospective studies of moderate to good quality. Oral hygiene of CCS was worse compared to healthy individuals, showing higher values for gingival and plaque indices. Similarly, survivors had increased caries risk with higher mean dmft/DMFT and dt/DT values. The most common radiographic defects were impaired root growth in the permanent teeth and tooth agenesis. Enamel developmental defects, microdontia, and hypodontia were also commonly diagnosed. Age at start of treatment was identified as a risk factor, for the development of microdontia, tooth agenesis, and root defects in patients treated at age <3 years. The type of treatment also appeared to influence the risk, as an increased prevalence of dental caries and a higher frequency of root malformations were found in patients who had undergone concomitant radiation therapy, although evidence was limited. Treatment duration was not found to be a risk factor.

Conclusion: These guidelines provide recommendations for dental management for childhood cancer survivors defined as children and adolescents up to the age of 19 years, regardless of age at initial diagnosis and treatment initiation.