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Contributions to reducing online gender harassment: Social re-norming and appealing to empathy as tried-and-failed techniques 减少网络性别骚扰的贡献:社会重新规范和呼吁同理心作为屡试不试的技术
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221104874
Lilith A. Whiley, Lukasz Walasek, Marie Juanchich
Inspired by similar methods shown to be effective in reducing online racist harassment, we designed two tweets aimed at reducing online gender harassment. Our interventions were based on the principles of social re-norming and appealing to harassers’ empathy. In a sample of 666 Twitter users engaging in sexist or misogynist tweeting, we found that our intervention tweets did not reduce the number of sexist slurs or sexist users, either 7 days or 31 days after being sent. Our attempts also affected neither the valence nor the arousal of subsequent tweets posted by our sample of Twitter users. We discuss the conceptual, methodological, and ethical challenges associated with activist research aimed at reducing online gender harassment and discuss some of the implications of our attempts to do so.
受到有效减少网络种族主义骚扰的类似方法的启发,我们设计了两条旨在减少网络性别骚扰的推文。我们的干预是基于社会重新规范和呼吁骚扰者的同理心的原则。在666名Twitter用户参与性别歧视或厌女推文的样本中,我们发现我们的干预推文在发送后7天或31天并没有减少性别歧视辱骂或性别歧视用户的数量。我们的尝试也既不影响我们的Twitter用户样本随后发布的推文的效价,也不影响其唤醒性。我们讨论了与旨在减少网络性别骚扰的激进主义研究相关的概念、方法和伦理挑战,并讨论了我们尝试这样做的一些含义。
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引用次数: 0
Fighting for abortion rights: Strategies aimed at managing stigma in a group of Italian pro-choice activists 为堕胎权利而战:一群意大利支持堕胎的积极分子的策略
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221106653
I. Giovannelli, T. Mannarini, Federica Spaccatini, M. Pacilli
Despite societal changes in Western countries, abortion continues to be morally stigmatized. While research on abortion stigma targeted both at people who seek or voluntarily terminate their pregnancy and abortion providers has been conducted, stigma directed at those who advocate abortion rights has remained under-researched. The purpose of this study was to deepen understandings of abortion stigma in relation to Italian cisgender female pro-choice activists. Accordingly, a qualitative study was conducted to examine how participants experienced, perceived, and internalized stigma, as well as the strategies they employed to manage it. The sample included 34 Italian cisgender female pro-choice activists who were actively engaged in movements at the time of the study, including organizations or unions that publicly defend the right to abort. The findings revealed that participants perceive they are targets of negative stereotyping and behaviors. Nevertheless, they do not internalize the stigma and use different strategies to manage it, such as speaking openly about their activism.
尽管西方国家的社会发生了变化,但堕胎仍然在道德上受到歧视。虽然针对寻求或自愿终止妊娠的人以及堕胎提供者进行了针对堕胎污名的研究,但针对倡导堕胎权利的人的污名研究仍然不足。本研究的目的是加深对堕胎污名的理解与意大利顺性别女性支持选择活动家。因此,进行了一项定性研究,以检查参与者如何经历,感知和内化耻辱,以及他们采用的策略来管理它。样本包括34名意大利顺性女性支持堕胎的积极分子,她们在研究期间积极参与运动,包括公开捍卫堕胎权利的组织或工会。研究结果显示,参与者认为他们是负面刻板印象和行为的目标。然而,他们并没有将这种耻辱内化,而是使用不同的策略来管理它,比如公开谈论他们的行动主义。
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引用次数: 2
Feminine sexuality, religiousness and psychotic distress: Tracing a pattern 女性的性欲,宗教信仰和精神痛苦:追踪一个模式
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221105687
E. Georgaca, Vasiliki Fenekou, Aikaterini Katsouli, Evangelia Kyriakou-Chatziapostolou
This paper describes a pattern regarding the relationship between feminine sexuality, religiousness and psychotic distress that was discerned in two independent multiple case studies in Greece. One study utilized grounded theory to develop a model of therapeutic change through recording the development of voice hearers’ understanding and coping with their voices during a therapeutic intervention. The other study applied biographical and thematic analysis to interviews with persons with psychosis and their families, in order to explore family narratives regarding life with a family member with psychosis. A common pattern was detected for all the female participants, whereby following a religious upbringing in childhood and pursuing independence from the family together with social and sexual exploration in early adulthood, the onset of psychosis marked a return to the family home and a religious frame of reference. The psychotic experiences seemed to resemble engrained experiences of shaming regarding sexual and gender norms. Moreover, they had the effect of re-signifying female identity and sexuality, bringing them into line with conservative religious principles. This pattern suggests that psychotic experiences may not only express culturally prescribed female gender norms but also may serve to regulate women’s sexuality in conservative religious cultural environments.
本文描述了一种模式,关于女性性行为,宗教信仰和精神困扰之间的关系,这是在希腊的两个独立的多个案例研究中发现的。一项研究利用扎根理论,通过记录听者在治疗干预期间对声音的理解和应对的发展,建立了一个治疗改变的模型。另一项研究采用传记和主题分析对精神病患者及其家庭进行访谈,以探索与精神病家庭成员生活的家庭叙述。所有女性参与者都发现了一个共同的模式,即在童年时期接受宗教教育,在成年早期进行社会和性探索,追求从家庭中独立出来之后,精神病的发作标志着回归家庭和宗教参考框架。精神病的经历似乎类似于关于性和性别规范的根深蒂固的羞耻经历。此外,它们具有重新象征女性身份和性的作用,使它们与保守的宗教原则保持一致。这种模式表明,精神病经历可能不仅表达了文化规定的女性性别规范,而且可能有助于规范保守宗教文化环境中女性的性行为。
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引用次数: 0
“Troubled” derby subjectivities: Wellbeing and feminist new materialist movements in sport “麻烦”德比主体性:体育运动中的幸福与女权主义新唯物主义运动
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221104878
A. Pavlidis
Roller derby is a unique and innovative phenomenon in the sporting landscape. Body image, gender policies, aggression/contact elements, music, art, and subversive and inclusive politics are all embraced to various degrees. Its growth was swift and significant – thousands of women around the world strapped on their skates and pushed themselves to meet the minimum skills requirements for joining a derby league. This unique sport was put in the (un)enviable position of somehow having done what governments and medical professionals had tried to achieve for years: to get people active who were inactive in the past, raise people's physical activity levels, and therefore (so the story goes) to improve their overall wellbeing and mental health. This article engages with interview transcripts with 12 derby skaters who chose to leave the sport in order to understand the complex social, cultural and personal forces at play in the relationship between sport and wellbeing. Drawing on feminist conceptualisations of care and movement, I explore the notion of “troubled derby subjectivities” to understand the ways in which the “sport” (including its style, music and affinities) provided a generative space for non-normative gendered subjectivities, embodied movement and “wellbeing”.
轮滑德比在体育领域是一种独特而创新的现象。身体形象,性别政策,侵略/接触元素,音乐,艺术,以及颠覆性和包容性的政治都在不同程度上被接受。它的发展迅速而显著——世界各地成千上万的女性穿上溜冰鞋,强迫自己达到参加德比联赛的最低技能要求。这项独特的运动被置于一个(不)令人羡慕的位置,以某种方式完成了政府和医疗专业人员多年来一直试图实现的目标:让过去不活跃的人活跃起来,提高人们的身体活动水平,因此(故事是这样的)改善他们的整体健康和心理健康。本文通过对12名选择离开这项运动的德比滑冰运动员的采访记录,来了解复杂的社会、文化和个人力量在运动与幸福之间的关系中发挥的作用。借鉴女权主义对关怀和运动的概念,我探索了“麻烦德比主体性”的概念,以理解“运动”(包括其风格、音乐和亲和力)为非规范的性别主体性、具体化的运动和“幸福”提供生成空间的方式。
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引用次数: 1
Constructions of family relationships in a COVID Christmas: An analysis of television advertisements on YouTube COVID圣诞节中的家庭关系构建:对YouTube电视广告的分析
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221102689
Madeleine Pownall, Eve Eyles-Smith, Catherine V. Talbot
Christmas time is a site of intensified domesticity, a reliance on traditional norms, and centring of family relationships. Christmas in the year 2020 was unique in this regard, given how the COVID-19 pandemic widely disrupted home life and shifted family relationships. Feminist researchers have previously noted how analysis of contemporary cultural artefacts, such as online media, can be a useful way of exploring how different relationships are constructed to serve various functions. Therefore, we thematically analysed 11 television advertisements on YouTube to investigate how family relationships are constructed through a lens of feminist psychology in the context of a COVID-19 Christmas. Our analysis generated three dominant themes. First, the television advertisements in our sample constructed nostalgia as women's work. Second, family relationships were positioned as a means of reclaiming power and purpose in an effort to instil a new normal. Lastly, television advertisements constructed family relationships as a critical site for representing gendered norms. We discuss these themes in relation to feminist scholarship on the function of family relationships, during COVID-19 and beyond.
圣诞节是强化家庭生活的时刻,是对传统规范的依赖,是家庭关系的中心。在这方面,2020年的圣诞节是独一无二的,因为COVID-19大流行严重扰乱了家庭生活,改变了家庭关系。女权主义研究人员之前已经注意到,对当代文化产物(如网络媒体)的分析,可以成为探索不同关系如何被构建以服务于各种功能的有用方法。因此,我们对YouTube上的11个电视广告进行了主题分析,以女性主义心理学的视角,在2019冠状病毒病圣诞节的背景下,研究家庭关系是如何构建的。我们的分析产生了三个主要主题。首先,我们样本中的电视广告将怀旧构建为女性的工作。第二,家庭关系被定位为一种重新获得权力和目标的手段,以努力灌输一种新常态。最后,电视广告将家庭关系构建为表现性别规范的重要场所。在2019冠状病毒病期间和之后,我们将讨论这些主题与女性主义学术关于家庭关系功能的关系。
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引用次数: 2
“I am not a monster”: An affective–discursive analysis of men's perspectives on their engagement in violence against women “我不是怪物”:对男性参与对女性施暴的观点的情感话语分析
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221105341
Katrín Ólafsdóttir, A. Rúdólfsdóttir
This paper aims to explore how men perform masculinities in their relationships with women and how their behaviour is enabled and/or maintained in modern society. An affective–discursive approach was adopted to analyse six in-depth interviews with men who identified as perpetrators of violence in intimate relationships. The analysis portrays how heteronormative discourses on masculinity frame participants’ understanding of the violence they had committed. However, the most pervasive reference point in the participants’ accounts was the construct of the monster. The participants’ understanding of their violence had an intersectional angle as the monster figured differently in their stories, depending on their social positioning. The middle-class participants believed that the monster essentialised and dehumanised them and called for new ways to talk about violence. The working-class participants experienced their violence as masculinity out of control, referring to past trauma and the intensity of their love for their partners, while dodging accountability for their actions. The findings underline the need for discourses on knowledge that encourage men to take responsibility for their actions without being dehumanised.
本文旨在探讨男性如何在与女性的关系中表现出男子气概,以及他们的行为如何在现代社会中得以实现和/或维持。一种情感话语的方法被用来分析六个深度访谈的男性确定为暴力的亲密关系的肇事者。该分析描述了关于男性气质的异性恋规范话语如何框架参与者对他们所犯暴力的理解。然而,在参与者的描述中,最普遍的参考点是怪物的构造。参与者对暴力行为的理解有一个交叉的角度,因为怪物在他们的故事中以不同的方式出现,这取决于他们的社会地位。中产阶级的参与者认为,怪物使他们变得本质化和非人性化,并呼吁用新的方式来谈论暴力。工人阶级的参与者认为他们的暴力行为是失去控制的男子气概,他们指的是过去的创伤和对伴侣的强烈爱,同时逃避对自己行为的责任。研究结果强调,有必要对知识进行讨论,鼓励男性为自己的行为负责,而不被剥夺人性。
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引用次数: 1
POWES is pronounced “feminist”: Negotiating academic and activist boundaries in the talk of UK feminist psychologists POWES读作“女权主义者”:在英国女权主义心理学家的谈话中谈判学术和活动家的界限
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-06-05 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221100060
L. Donnelly, Katherine A. Hubbard, R. Capdevila
The Psychology of Women and Equalities Section (POWES) of the British Psychological Society (BPS) accounts for much of the feminist action in British psychology and beyond. In this qualitative study, we use discursively informed thematic analysis to examine a set of eleven in-depth interviews to explore the everyday experiences of feminists within academic spaces in and around the discipline of psychology in the United Kingdom. Three research questions addressing the boundary between activism and academia; the provision of support; and differing approaches to knowledge production were investigated. Our findings highlight the role of POWES as a feminist community as well as the conceptual importance of notions of home, work, and fun. Moreover, the paper examines the ways traditional conceptions of scientific rigour continue to haunt feminist spaces, as does the invisibility of emotional labour. Overall, our findings indicate that the place of feminist academic communities remains vital to sustain critical thought and action: having an intellectual “home” is pivotal to the survival of feminist psychology as well as feminists in psychology.
英国心理学会(BPS)的妇女心理学和平等科(POWES)在英国心理学和其他领域的女权主义行动中占了很大的比重。在这项定性研究中,我们使用话语信息的主题分析来检查一组11个深度访谈,以探索英国心理学学科及其周围学术空间内女权主义者的日常经历。关于行动主义与学术界限的三个研究问题提供支持;研究了知识生产的不同途径。我们的研究结果强调了POWES作为一个女权主义社区的作用,以及家庭、工作和娱乐概念的概念重要性。此外,本文还考察了传统的科学严谨性概念如何继续困扰着女权主义空间,以及情感劳动的隐形性。总的来说,我们的研究结果表明,女权主义学术团体的位置对于维持批判性思维和行动仍然至关重要:拥有一个智力“家”对于女权主义心理学以及心理学中的女权主义者的生存至关重要。
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引用次数: 2
Mother blaming and anorexia: How ideological state apparatuses have informed my perception of my mother's role in the formation of my eating disorder 责备母亲和厌食症:意识形态国家机器如何影响我对母亲在我的饮食失调形成过程中所扮演角色的看法
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221101456
Oxana R. Mikhaylova
Autoethnographic research has described the tendency to ascribe blame to mothers for their daughters’ disordered eating patterns, but the mechanisms by which these attitudes develop have been insufficiently investigated. The literature on mother-blaming and mothers’ roles in the development of women's eating disorders has provided macro-level theoretical explanations for this attribution of blame but lacks depictions of women who subscribe to these macro narratives and yet subsequently attribute blame to their own mothers on the micro level. In this paper, I address these two gaps by conducting a feminist autoethnographic inquiry into my own history of blaming my mother for my anorexia and other disordered eating patterns. I use classical structuralist and post-structuralist theoretical concepts, as well as Althusser's proposed neo-Marxist idea of ideological state apparatuses (ISAs). Results indicate that my mother-blaming behavior was mainly influenced by apparatuses of medicine, church, education, family, and culture. Legal, political, civic, and media apparatuses were less involved in the construction of my perception in this area. All in all, my findings provide richer insight into mother-blaming internalization on the micro level and enlarge the “palette” of feminist approaches to eating disorder analysis.
民族志研究已经描述了将女儿饮食紊乱归咎于母亲的倾向,但这些态度形成的机制尚未得到充分调查。关于母亲责备和母亲在女性饮食失调发展中的作用的文献为这种归因提供了宏观层面的理论解释,但缺乏对认同这些宏观叙事的女性的描述,但随后在微观层面上将责任归咎于自己的母亲。在本文中,我通过对我自己的历史进行女权主义的自我民族志调查来解决这两个差距,我把我的厌食症和其他饮食失调模式归咎于我的母亲。我使用了古典结构主义和后结构主义的理论概念,以及阿尔都塞提出的新马克思主义思想的意识形态国家机器(isa)。结果表明,医学、教会、教育、家庭、文化等因素对我的母亲责备行为影响较大。法律、政治、公民和媒体机构较少参与我对这一领域的看法的构建。总而言之,我的发现在微观层面上为责备母亲的内化提供了更丰富的见解,并扩大了女权主义方法在饮食失调分析中的“调色板”。
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引用次数: 0
“Fake it ‘till you make it”: Authenticity and wellbeing in late diagnosed autistic women “假装直到你成功”:晚期自闭症女性的真实性和幸福感
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-05-26 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221101455
K. Seers, R. Hogg
The diagnosis of autism spectrum condition (ASC) in women is increasing, prompting research into the gendered experience and presentation of female ASC. To complement this growing body of research, the current study utilised a qualitative approach informed by a feminist disability framework to explore how the intersecting dimensions of difference, gender, and ASC influence autistic women’s subjectivity and wellbeing. Drawing on the experiences of eight late-diagnosed autistic women, thematic analysis highlighted experiences of early marginalisation, challenges of living outside gendered social norms, the psychological and emotional consequences of masking, and the impact of diagnosis on subjectivity, identity, and wellbeing. Participants developed their authenticity and personhood within a performative social context that required masking of the self, a complex process with wide-ranging consequences. Findings also highlight the importance of acceptance, representation, and community for the wellbeing of autistic women. This research challenges the dominant, masculinised construction of ASC. It highlights the need for the ontological status of ASC to be reconceptualised to incorporate diverse experiences of the condition across the gender spectrum. Future research should explore how psychology can facilitate this reconceptualisation.
女性自闭症谱系障碍(ASC)的诊断越来越多,促使人们对女性ASC的性别经历和表现进行了研究。为了补充这一不断增长的研究,目前的研究采用了一种定性方法,以女权主义残疾框架为基础,探索差异、性别和ASC的交叉维度如何影响自闭症女性的主体性和幸福感。根据八名晚期诊断的自闭症妇女的经历,主题分析强调了早期边缘化的经历,生活在性别社会规范之外的挑战,掩饰的心理和情感后果,以及诊断对主体性,身份和福祉的影响。参与者在需要掩饰自我的表演性社会环境中发展了他们的真实性和人格,这是一个具有广泛后果的复杂过程。研究结果还强调了接受、代表和社区对自闭症女性福祉的重要性。这项研究挑战了主导的、男性化的ASC结构。它强调需要对ASC的本体论地位进行重新概念化,以纳入跨性别范围的不同经验。未来的研究应该探索心理学如何促进这种重新概念化。
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引用次数: 4
Book Review: Migrant mothers in the digital age: Emotion and belonging in migrant maternal online communities by Leah Williams Veazey 书评:《数字时代的移民母亲:移民母亲网络社区的情感与归属感》,作者:莉亚·威廉姆斯·维泽
IF 5.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-05-22 DOI: 10.1177/09593535221101457
Marianna Latif
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引用次数: 1
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