Social Service Review最新文献

Research has identified a likely causal relation of economic precarity with both child maltreatment and child protective service (CPS) involvement. Yet, little is known about the relation between credit use (debt) and CPS involvement despite credit becoming an increasingly normative aspect of attempting to manage economic precarity for low-income families. We link individual-level longitudinal data on credit use to administrative records on CPS involvement, to examine whether credit related economic precarity-or 'debt strain'-is associated with increased CPS reports, allegations of child neglect and child abuse, and CPS removal of children for low-income mothers in Wisconsin from 2016-2021. Results from standard and mother-specific fixed-effects logistic regressions suggest that debt strain is associated with greater risk of CPS involvement, particularly for child neglect. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that these associations are concentrated among low-income and White mothers. We discuss implications for debt-regulation and CPS policy and programs.

Purpose: Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) systems allow for highly repetitive tasks to be performed within a virtual environment that increases practice in home environments. VR can increase access to rehabilitation by reducing access barriers. However, rehabilitation outcomes between immersive VR systems and conventional physical rehabilitation are not well understood. The purpose of this case study was to assess the use of a custom clinically based VR simulation for testing gross hand dexterity with an individual with chronic stroke.

Materials and methods: The participant performed the box and blocks test (BBT) in an immersive VR environment and a physical environment. Three trials of the BBT were performed with their less-affected and affected hands each in both environments while measuring cortical activity using fNIRS. Rests were given between trials and environment conditions.

Results: Our results show that there was no statistical difference in the number of blocks moved between the physical and VR BBT for both the affected and less-affected hands. Furthermore, our results also indicate no statistically significant difference between the physical BBT and VR BBT conditions on contralateral motor cortex activation, suggesting that cortical involvement is comparable between physical and VR conditions.

Conclusions: These results suggest that an immersive VR system may be able to elicit functional and motor cortex activations that are comparable to the conventional physical BBT. Importantly, these findings highlights the potential benefits of VR therapy as a remote therapy intervention and/or to increase the effectiveness and practicality of current in-person rehabilitation programs.Implications for rehabilitationThese findings highlight the potential benefits of immersive virtual reality as a remote therapy intervention.Immersive virtual reality use has potential benefits to increase the effectiveness and practicality of current in-person rehabilitation programs.

Branchial cleft cyst in parapharyngeal space is a very rare occurrence. Only 0.5% of all head and neck tumours constitute parapharyngeal space tumours. It is mainly congenital but can be seen at a later age following infection. MRI is the gold standard for diagnosis. This is a case report of a 19-year-old with right sided neck swelling without any significant history. It has been excised by transcervical approach.

Policy makers at the federal, state, and local levels responded to the COVID-19 pandemic with a broad array of policies that were intended to prevent housing instability among renters. Eviction moratoriums were an important part of this policy landscape. Recent evidence indicates that these moratoriums were effective in reducing eviction-filing rates, but many questions remain about the impacts of these policies. Drawing on qualitative interviews (N = 60) with renters in three states (Connecticut, Florida, and Ohio) who had experienced eviction or eviction risk during the pandemic, we examine how renters interpreted, experienced, and navigated the moratoriums; how moratoriums shaped their well-being and housing security; how racism may have shaped policy effects; and how these experiences differed across a varied policy landscape. Our findings demonstrate how moratoriums supported renters and how they fell short, offering important lessons for future eviction-prevention and civil-legal policy making.