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Factors Influencing Lifetime Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence Among Ever-Partnered Men in South Sudan 南苏丹有伴侣的男性终生遭受亲密伴侣暴力的影响因素
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221098723
M. Khalaf, Manuel Contreras-Urbina, Maureen Murphy, M. Ellsberg
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence against women and girls (VAWG). Research has shown that gender inequitable attitudes, economic stressors, and armed conflict are among the many risk factors for IPV. Armed conflict can leave women and girls even more vulnerable to gender-based violence and create a context in which hegemonic masculinity may escalate different forms of VAWG. In South Sudan, a country that has been affected by continued armed conflicts, more than half of ever-partnered women and girls have reported experiencing physical or sexual IPV. This study reports on two population-based surveys targeting women and men in South Sudan. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using a sub-sample of ever-partnered men in South Sudan to examine the effect of several predictors on lifetime perpetration of IPV. Findings show a number of factors that were associated with increased odds of ever perpetrating IPV including perpetrating non-partner sexual violence, exposure to non-partner physical violence, and the number of controlling behaviors perpetrated against women partners. These findings suggest that perpetration of IPV is linked to gender inequality and exposure to and normalization of violence. Overall, this research contributes to our in-depth understanding of how experiences of armed conflict may contribute to perpetration of VAWG.
亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)是针对妇女和女孩的最常见的暴力形式。研究表明,性别不平等的态度、经济压力和武装冲突是IPV的许多危险因素。武装冲突可能使妇女和女孩更容易受到基于性别的暴力的伤害,并造成一种环境,在这种环境中,男性霸权可能会加剧不同形式的暴力行为。在南苏丹,一个受到持续武装冲突影响的国家,超过一半的有过性伴侣的妇女和女孩报告说经历过身体或性IPV。本研究报告了针对南苏丹妇女和男子的两项基于人口的调查。使用南苏丹有伴侣男性的子样本进行了逻辑回归分析,以检查几个预测因素对终身IPV犯罪的影响。调查结果显示,有许多因素与曾经实施IPV的几率增加有关,包括实施非伴侣性暴力,暴露于非伴侣身体暴力,以及对女性伴侣实施控制行为的数量。这些发现表明,IPV的实施与性别不平等以及暴力的暴露和正常化有关。总的来说,这项研究有助于我们深入了解武装冲突的经历如何可能导致VAWG的实施。
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引用次数: 1
Book Review: Getting It, Having It, Keeping It Up: Straight Men’s Sexuality in Public and Private 书评:得到它,拥有它,保持它:直男在公共和私人的性行为
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.1177/1097184x221105269
Zachary D. Palmer
be more palatable to heterosexuals and how these sensibilities have been increasingly whitened through the erasure and exclusion of people of color. This assimilation has only further complicated the fight for sexual and racial equity, but also as Orne notes, “Equality has not brought liberation. It has merely separated the few to be lifted up, as long as they act like their former oppressors” (p. 102). Home and Community for Queer Men of Color is a strong volume of critical reading for scholars who hope to work at the intersections of race, sexuality, and gender. This book contributes to a growing section of the discipline focused on the emergence and contours of racism, heterosexism, and studies of belonging. Perhaps the most glaring omission or oversight of many chapters is the taken-for-grantedness of masculinity and gender. The book is squarely focused on men of color, but few chapters really contend with the ways that masculinity and gender itself is constituted in the intersection of race and sexuality. Chapters throughout will be useful as course readings at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. The authors in this volume provide methodological, theoretical, and empirical insights across the many chapters of the book and will serve as wonderful guides to future scholars who will take up the study of experiences of racism and heterosexism. As Han summarizes in the conclusion to the volume, “the authors [in this collection] have centered race in sexuality scholarship and centered sexuality in race scholarship” (pg. 187). All in all, the text is a much-needed intervention, and, to echo Han’s closing thoughts, is a step in the right direction.
更容易被异性恋者接受,以及这些情感是如何通过对有色人种的抹杀和排斥而变得越来越苍白的。这种同化只会使争取性和种族公平的斗争更加复杂,但正如奥恩所指出的,“平等并没有带来解放。它只是将少数人分开,只要他们表现得像以前的压迫者”(第102页)。《有色人种酷儿之家与社区》是希望研究种族、性和性别交叉点的学者们的一本重要的批判性读物。这本书为该学科的一个不断增长的部分做出了贡献,重点是种族主义、异性恋和归属感研究的出现和轮廓。也许许多章节中最明显的遗漏或疏忽是对男子气概和性别的想当然。这本书完全聚焦于有色人种男性,但很少有章节真正探讨男性气质和性别本身在种族和性的交叉中的构成方式。贯穿始终的章节对于本科生和研究生的课程阅读都很有用。本卷的作者在本书的许多章节中提供了方法论、理论和实证见解,并将为未来从事种族主义和异性恋经历研究的学者提供极好的指导。正如韩在该卷的结论中总结的那样,“作者(在本集中)以性学术中的种族为中心,以性学术为中心”(第187页)。总之,文本是一个急需的干预,并且,为了呼应韩的结束思想,是朝着正确的方向迈出的一步。
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引用次数: 0
Racial Erotics: Gay Men of Color, Sexual Racism, and the Politics of Desire 种族情色:有色人种男同性恋、性种族主义和欲望政治
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221094618
Kendall Ota
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引用次数: 2
On Power’s Doorstep: Gays, Jews, and Liminal Complicity in Reproducing Masculine Domination 论权力的敲门砖:同性恋、犹太人与再现男性统治的有限复杂性
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221098365
A. Shapiro
This article explores the gender complexities of men caught between social power and powerlessness. Specifically, I consider the cases of Jewish men and gay men in the late modern West, two demographics with deep historic ties to both abjection and privilege. Such "in-between-ness” steers many, especially those who are white, cisgender, and/or otherwise privileged, toward what I term liminal complicity, a normative adaptation whereby men embrace manly ideals while disavowing femininity in themselves and others. I synthesize cultural, interactionist, and psychoanalytic literatures on stigma, boundaries, and gender practice to articulate liminal complicity as both an emotional retreat from stigmatization and a rational means of accruing status and redrawing social boundaries. I conduct a comparative-historical analysis of gendered discourses and practices at different historical junctures to show how analogous processes of (1) normative identification, (2) self-transformation, and (3) distinction from and (4) aggression toward feminized others enable historically subordinated men to elevate themselves without disrupting broader systems of domination.
这篇文章探讨了夹在社会权力和无能为力之间的男性的性别复杂性。具体来说,我考虑了现代西方晚期的犹太男性和男同性恋的案例,这两种人口结构与排斥和特权都有着深刻的历史联系。这样的“中间性”引导许多人,尤其是那些白人、顺性别和/或其他特权人群,走向我所说的临界共谋,这是一种规范性的适应,男性在接受男性理想的同时,否认自己和他人的女性气质。我综合了关于污名、界限和性别实践的文化、互动主义和精神分析文献,以阐明临界共谋既是对污名化的情感退缩,也是获得地位和重新划定社会界限的理性手段。我对不同历史时刻的性别话语和实践进行了比较历史分析,以表明(1)规范认同、(2)自我转变、(3)区别女性化他人和(4)对女性化他人的攻击等类似过程如何使历史上处于从属地位的男性在不破坏更广泛的统治体系的情况下提升自己。
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引用次数: 1
What does it Mean to be a Man? Trans Masculinities, Bodily Practices, and Reflexive Embodiment 做人意味着什么?跨男性、身体练习和反思性体现
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X211008519
S. Aboim, Pedro Vasconcelos
Confronted with the centrality of the body for trans-masculine individuals interviewed in the United Kingdom and Portugal, we explore how bodily-reflexive practices are central for doing masculinity. Following Connell’s early insight that bodies needed to come back to the political and sociological agendas, we propose that bodily-reflexive practice is a concept suited to account for the production of trans-masculinities. Although multiple, the journeys of trans-masculine individuals demonstrate how bodily experiences shape and redefine masculinities in ways that illuminate the nexus between bodies, embodiments, and discursive enactments of masculinity. Rather than oppositions between bodily conformity to and transgression of the norms of hegemonic masculinity, often encountered in idealizations of the medicalized transsexual against the genderqueer rebel, lived bodily experiences shape masculinities beyond linear oppositions. Tensions between natural and technological, material and discursive, or feminine and masculine were keys for understanding trans-masculine narratives about the body, embodiment, and identity.
面对在英国和葡萄牙接受采访的跨性别男性个体的身体中心地位,我们探讨了身体反射练习是如何成为男性的核心。根据康奈尔早期的观点,身体需要回到政治和社会学议程上来,我们提出身体反射实践是一个适合解释跨性别男性气质产生的概念。尽管是多重的,但跨性别男性个体的旅程展示了身体体验如何塑造和重新定义男性气质,阐明了身体、化身和男性气质话语之间的联系。生活中的身体体验塑造了超越线性对立的男性气质,而不是在医学化的变性人与性别酷儿反叛者的理想化中经常遇到的身体顺从和违反霸权男性气质规范之间的对立。自然与技术、物质与话语、女性与男性之间的紧张关系是理解关于身体、化身和身份的跨性别男性叙事的关键。
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引用次数: 6
Book Review: Sovereign Attachments: Masculinity, Muslimness, and Affective Politics in Pakistan 书评:《君主依恋:巴基斯坦的男性气质、穆斯林气质和情感政治》
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X211064324
Umair Rasheed
them. At the same time, given the social and economic inequalities of the township, the “sex jaros” lament the fact that older wealthier men with cars and material possessions from outside come into the township to woo women and some women choose to engage in relationships with such older men. This heightens the economic, social, and cultural anxieties experienced by poor and working-class black men in Alexandra who struggle to find jobs, often lack qualifications, and have various stigmas attached around living in townships. Further in a chapter on fatherhood, Langa demonstrates how over the course of his long fieldwork several young men became young fathers and had a great desire to support their children and partners even when economic contexts remained challenging. Langa provides us a case study of one young man called Oupa who was a “sex jaro” and never met his own father but was nonetheless determined to be a good father to his own child providing both materially and emotionally. In this way, through a rich longitudinal study, Langa presents a complex picture of young boys becoming young men in a South African township in this book which makes for a powerful and important read. 2 Men and Masculinit es XX(X
他们与此同时,考虑到该镇的社会和经济不平等,“性骚扰者”哀叹这样一个事实,即拥有汽车和物质财富的年长富裕男性从外面来到该镇来追求女性,一些女性选择与这些年长男性建立关系。这加剧了亚历山德拉贫困和工薪阶层黑人所经历的经济、社会和文化焦虑,他们很难找到工作,往往缺乏资格,在城镇生活时有各种各样的耻辱。在关于父亲身份的一章中,兰加进一步展示了在他漫长的实地调查过程中,几个年轻人是如何成为年轻的父亲的,即使在经济环境仍然充满挑战的情况下,他们也非常渴望支持自己的孩子和伴侣。Langa为我们提供了一个关于一个名叫Oupa的年轻人的案例研究,他是一个“性怪胎”,从未见过自己的父亲,但他决心成为自己孩子的好父亲,在物质和情感上提供帮助。通过这种方式,通过丰富的纵向研究,兰加在这本书中呈现了一幅南非小镇上年轻男孩成为年轻人的复杂画面,这本书值得一读。2男性和男性XX(X
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引用次数: 0
Book Reviews: It’s a Setup: Fathering from the Social and Economic Margins 书评:这是一个设置:从社会和经济边缘的父亲
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221074322
Jennifer Randles
N/A
N/A
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引用次数: 1
“Omelora”: Orthodox and Disciplinary Masculinities in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus “Omelora”:Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie《紫芙蓉》中的正统和纪律男性气质
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X211063498
Uchechukwu P. Umezurike
This paper examines the connections between masculinity and orthodoxy in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus to underscore the intersections of gender, class, religion, and ethnicity. Adichie depicts two contradictory figures of Catholic orthodoxy, namely, Eugene and Father Amadi and the consequences of their performances of masculinity. Where Eugene enacts violence on his family in the name of piety, Father Amadi demonstrates receptivity to human suffering as crucial to piety. I draw on the ideas of Michel Foucault and Raewyn Connell to demonstrate how discipline, control, and male power operate in the domestic sphere and their effects on subjectivities and bodies. Adichie’s portrayal of Eugene articulates a model of disciplinary power undergirded by orthodoxy. Eugene, therefore, dramatizes orthodox masculinity. I argue that Adichie envisions a redefinition of masculinity by presenting Father Amadi as an alternative to Eugene’s enactments of orthodoxy. I conclude that Adichie provides us with an understanding of how people can deploy violence in the name of piety and religion. Indeed, Adichie emphasizes the need to redefine masculinity cognizant of the dignity of all humanity.
本文考察了奇玛曼达·恩戈齐·阿迪奇的《紫芙蓉》中男性气质和正统之间的联系,以强调性别、阶级、宗教和种族的交叉。阿迪奇描绘了两个相互矛盾的天主教正统派人物,即尤金和阿马迪神父,以及他们表现出的男子气概的后果。尤金以虔诚的名义对家人实施暴力,阿玛迪神父则表现出对人类苦难的接受能力,这对虔诚至关重要。我借鉴了米歇尔·福柯和雷文·康奈尔的思想,展示了纪律、控制和男性权力是如何在家庭领域运作的,以及它们对主体性和身体的影响。阿迪奇对尤金的刻画体现了一种以正统观念为基础的纪律权力模式。因此,尤金将正统的男子气概戏剧化。我认为,阿迪奇设想通过将阿马迪神父作为尤金正统观念的替代品来重新定义男子气概。我的结论是,阿迪奇让我们了解了人们如何以虔诚和宗教的名义使用暴力。事实上,阿迪奇强调需要重新定义认识到全人类尊严的男子气概。
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引用次数: 0
Hierarchies of Masculinity and Lad Culture on Campus: “Bad Guys”, “Good Guys”, and Complicit Men 校园男性化与男生文化的层次:“坏家伙”、“好人”、“听话人”
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X211064321
Ana Jordan, S. Anitha, Jill Jameson, Zowie Davy
Research on lad culture and gender-based violence (GBV) in student communities has examined hypermasculine gender performances, with little attention paid to hierarchies of masculinity. We explore lad culture by analysing qualitative, in-depth interviews with students. Our findings challenge simplistic constructions of “good guys” as allies/protectors in opposition to hypermasculinised, deviant “bad guys”. We demonstrate how such binary constructions are premised upon gendered norms of men-as-protectors/women-as-weak and bolster problematic hierarchies of masculinity. We also highlight the crucial role of complicit masculinity in maintaining GBV-tolerant cultures. Our research suggests academic understandings of lad culture could benefit from a more comprehensive picture of the relationship between masculinity/ies and campus GBV. By theorising complex negotiations of hegemonic masculinity in this context, the paper also advances conceptual debates around the promise/limitations of changing, “softer” masculinities. Practice implications include rethinking how/whether prevention education can deploy “softer” masculinities whilst avoiding reinstating gender hierarchies that ultimately scaffold GBV.
对学生社区中的男孩文化和基于性别的暴力(GBV)的研究考察了超男性化的性别表现,很少关注男性的等级制度。我们通过分析对学生进行的定性、深入的采访来探索少年文化。我们的发现挑战了“好人”作为盟友/保护者的简单化结构,以反对过度男性化、离经叛道的“坏人”。我们展示了这种二元结构是如何以男性作为保护者/女性作为弱者的性别规范为前提的,并支持有问题的男性等级制度。我们还强调了同谋男子气概在维持GBV容忍文化方面的关键作用。我们的研究表明,学术界对青少年文化的理解可以从更全面地了解男性气质与校园性别暴力之间的关系中受益。通过在这种背景下对霸权男子气概的复杂谈判进行理论化,本文还围绕改变“更温和”的男子气概的承诺/局限性展开了概念辩论。实践意义包括重新思考预防教育如何/是否可以部署“更温和”的男性气质,同时避免恢复最终导致性别暴力的性别等级制度。
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引用次数: 4
Caring Masculinities and Race: On Racialized Workers and “New Fathers” 男性关怀与种族:论种族化工人与“新爸爸”
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-17 DOI: 10.1177/1097184X211065024
R. Prattes
Karla Elliott defines caring masculinities as both embracing care and rejecting domination. Most work within critical studies on men and masculinities that engages with masculinities and care focuses on care yet sidelines non-domination. For caring masculinities to not be/come a “White” concept, this article argues for a broad grounding of caring masculinities in a rejection of all forms of domination and starts with race. Bringing research on the international division of reproductive labor together with fatherhood studies, the article illustrates systemic oppression within the field of care. It is here that privileged men manage to actualize ideals such as involved fatherhood by relying on a marginalized workforce—that simultaneously remains locked out of involved fathering—in the coloniality of labor. I close by advocating not for the “inclusion” of men in the margins but for exploding the dominating power that the center holds.
卡拉·艾略特(Karla Elliott)将有爱心的男性定义为既拥抱关怀又拒绝支配。大多数关于男性和男性气质的批判性研究都关注于男性气质和关怀,但却忽略了非支配性。为了使关怀男性不成为“白人”的概念,这篇文章认为,关怀男性的广泛基础是拒绝一切形式的统治,并从种族开始。本文将国际生殖劳动分工的研究与父权研究结合起来,阐述了护理领域内的系统性压迫。正是在这里,享有特权的男性通过依赖被边缘化的劳动力——同时被排除在参与父亲之外——在劳动的殖民化中,设法实现了诸如参与父亲之类的理想。最后,我主张不要把男性“包容”在边缘,而是要打破中心所拥有的主导权力。
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引用次数: 5
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Men and Masculinities
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