Policing & Society最新文献_第2页

Strategies for resilience: results from a German pilot project to prevent far-right radicalisation within the police 弹性策略:德国一个防止警察内部极右翼激进化的试点项目的结果

2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2023.2267732

Daniel Koehler, Julia Filipps

ABSTRACTPreventing and countering potential far-right radicalisation within police forces is a major concern in many countries. Specific interventions such as anti-racism or intercultural competence training programmes for police officers are seen as key to build resilience against the lures of extremist ideologies and milieus. However, a dearth of empirical research investigating the factors that influence receptivity or rejection by the target group – police officers – impedes the design and implementation of effective interventions. This study presents findings from a formative evaluation accompanying a pilot project within the state police of the southern German state of Baden-Wuerttemberg called ‘Strategy Sponsorship for Democracy and Tolerance’. Drawing on three focus groups, five individual problem-centred interviews, and 603 feedback reports, the study finds that peer-to-peer approaches, voluntary participation, leadership support, freedom in topic selection and intervention planning, as well as budgetary independence positively impact the acceptance of interventions and motivation to engage. Age of participants, resource constraints and administrative challenges, as well as reservations about project aims and contents were found to increase the risk of rejection. Implications for optimising interventions for police forces are discussed.KEYWORDS: policecounter-radicalisationpreventing violent extremisminterventionstrainingresistancereceptivitypilot projectGermany Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

摘要预防和打击警察部队内部潜在的极右翼激进化是许多国家关注的主要问题。针对警察的反种族主义或跨文化能力培训方案等具体干预措施被视为建立抵御极端主义意识形态和环境诱惑的韧性的关键。然而，缺乏调查影响目标群体(警察)接受或拒绝的因素的实证研究，阻碍了有效干预措施的设计和实施。本研究介绍了在德国南部巴登-符腾堡州警察部门开展的一项名为“民主与宽容战略赞助”的试点项目的形成性评估结果。通过三个焦点小组、五个以问题为中心的个人访谈和603份反馈报告，该研究发现，对等方法、自愿参与、领导支持、主题选择和干预计划的自由以及预算独立性对干预的接受程度和参与动机产生了积极影响。参与者的年龄、资源限制和管理挑战，以及对项目目标和内容的保留，都增加了被拒绝的风险。讨论了优化干预措施对警察部队的影响。关键词:政策反激进主义防止暴力极端主义干预抑制抵抗性感受性试点项目德国披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。

{"title":"Strategies for resilience: results from a German pilot project to prevent far-right radicalisation within the police","authors":"Daniel Koehler, Julia Filipps","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2023.2267732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2023.2267732","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTPreventing and countering potential far-right radicalisation within police forces is a major concern in many countries. Specific interventions such as anti-racism or intercultural competence training programmes for police officers are seen as key to build resilience against the lures of extremist ideologies and milieus. However, a dearth of empirical research investigating the factors that influence receptivity or rejection by the target group – police officers – impedes the design and implementation of effective interventions. This study presents findings from a formative evaluation accompanying a pilot project within the state police of the southern German state of Baden-Wuerttemberg called ‘Strategy Sponsorship for Democracy and Tolerance’. Drawing on three focus groups, five individual problem-centred interviews, and 603 feedback reports, the study finds that peer-to-peer approaches, voluntary participation, leadership support, freedom in topic selection and intervention planning, as well as budgetary independence positively impact the acceptance of interventions and motivation to engage. Age of participants, resource constraints and administrative challenges, as well as reservations about project aims and contents were found to increase the risk of rejection. Implications for optimising interventions for police forces are discussed.KEYWORDS: policecounter-radicalisationpreventing violent extremisminterventionstrainingresistancereceptivitypilot projectGermany Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fairness, relationships and perceptions of police legitimacy in the context of Integrated Offender Management 在综合罪犯管理的背景下，公平、关系和警察合法性的看法

2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2023.2267733

Frederick Cram

Integrated Offender Management (IOM) involves the police in England and Wales working closely with other criminal justice agencies to reduce the criminal activities of prolific offenders. The work involves traditional policing methods, but also police officers engaging in meaningful rehabilitative work with IOM participants. However, there may be a tension between aspects of IOM policing and procedural justice theory. Research has shown strong links between citizens’ perceptions of fair treatment and their beliefs about police legitimacy, yet at the same time some IOM policing efforts emphasise hostile and disciplinary practices. These types of approaches can threaten police legitimacy if perceived by citizens as unfair. This paper examines the self-described experiences of people subject to IOM policing. Study findings revealed that, whilst participants viewed aspects of IOM policing as unfair, they broadly accepted the legitimacy of IOM policing. This would run counter to many of the core claims of procedural justice theory. However, one plausible explanation for this reaction lies in the dynamic nature of police legitimacy and its antecedents in IOM. In this context, perceptions of police legitimacy are more firmly grounded in the relational (treatment) dimensions of procedural fairness than in other more decision-orientated aspects of the concept. This reflects the multidimensional nature of procedural justice within which the balance shifts, depending on the criminal justice setting.

罪犯综合管理(IOM)涉及英格兰和威尔士的警察与其他刑事司法机构密切合作，以减少多产罪犯的犯罪活动。这项工作涉及传统的警务方法，但也包括警官与移徙组织参与者进行有意义的康复工作。然而，国际移民组织的警务和程序正义理论之间可能存在紧张关系。研究表明，公民对公平待遇的看法与他们对警察合法性的信念之间存在密切联系，但与此同时，一些国际移民组织的警务工作强调敌对和纪律做法。如果被公民认为不公平，这些类型的方法可能会威胁到警察的合法性。本文考察了移民组织警务人员的自我描述经历。研究结果显示，虽然参与者认为国际移民组织的执法不公平，但他们普遍接受国际移民组织执法的合法性。这将与程序正义理论的许多核心主张背道而驰。然而，对这种反应的一个合理解释在于警察合法性的动态性质及其在国际移民组织的先例。在这种情况下，对警察合法性的看法更牢固地建立在程序公平的关系(待遇)方面，而不是其他更以决策为导向的概念方面。这反映了程序正义的多层面性质，其中的平衡根据刑事司法环境而变化。

{"title":"Fairness, relationships and perceptions of police legitimacy in the context of Integrated Offender Management","authors":"Frederick Cram","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2023.2267733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2023.2267733","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated Offender Management (IOM) involves the police in England and Wales working closely with other criminal justice agencies to reduce the criminal activities of prolific offenders. The work involves traditional policing methods, but also police officers engaging in meaningful rehabilitative work with IOM participants. However, there may be a tension between aspects of IOM policing and procedural justice theory. Research has shown strong links between citizens’ perceptions of fair treatment and their beliefs about police legitimacy, yet at the same time some IOM policing efforts emphasise hostile and disciplinary practices. These types of approaches can threaten police legitimacy if perceived by citizens as unfair. This paper examines the self-described experiences of people subject to IOM policing. Study findings revealed that, whilst participants viewed aspects of IOM policing as unfair, they broadly accepted the legitimacy of IOM policing. This would run counter to many of the core claims of procedural justice theory. However, one plausible explanation for this reaction lies in the dynamic nature of police legitimacy and its antecedents in IOM. In this context, perceptions of police legitimacy are more firmly grounded in the relational (treatment) dimensions of procedural fairness than in other more decision-orientated aspects of the concept. This reflects the multidimensional nature of procedural justice within which the balance shifts, depending on the criminal justice setting.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135146626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ‘regulatory grey zone’: bylaw enforcement’s governing of homelessness and space “监管灰色地带”:执法部门对无家可归者和空间的管理

2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2023.2263617

Natasha Martino, C. B. Sanders, E. Dej

ABSTRACTOver the past two decades, homelessness has become more visible, and with it are increased demands for law enforcement to minimise the visibility of people experiencing homelessness, and manage, or ultimately remove, local encampments. While scholarship exists on police responses to homelessness, the role that other security actors, such as municipal bylaw officers, play in managing and regulating homelessness is largely unknown. In this paper, we explore municipal bylaw officers’ perceptions of their roles and responsibilities related to homelessness in Ontario, Canada. Our analysis reveals how bylaw officers have become important players in the security governance of homelessness. We demonstrate how bylaw officers’ policies, which focus on the regulation of space, are loosely coupled with, or disconnected from, their frontline activities, which require the regulation of people. This loose coupling situates bylaw officers in a perceived regulatory grey zone, requiring them to use discretionary solutions informed by their subjective experiences to govern people experiencing homelessness. The reliance on subjectivity and discretion expands security networks regulating and governing people experiencing homelessness.KEYWORDS: Homelessnesspolicingdiscretionsecurity networks Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 2SLGBTQQIA+ is an acronym that recognises and honours the experiences of Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, asexual, and other identities and communities.2 We express our gratitude to the reviewers for this insight.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council.

在过去的二十年里，无家可归变得越来越明显，随之而来的是对执法部门的要求越来越高，以尽量减少无家可归者的可见性，并管理或最终拆除当地的营地。虽然有关于警察对无家可归者的反应的学术研究，但其他安全行为者，如市政执法人员，在管理和规范无家可归者方面所起的作用在很大程度上是未知的。在本文中，我们探讨了市政官员对加拿大安大略省无家可归者的角色和责任的看法。我们的分析揭示了章程官员如何成为无家可归者安全治理的重要参与者。我们展示了法规官员的政策是如何与他们的一线活动松散地结合在一起的，或者与他们的一线活动脱节的，而一线活动需要对人进行监管。这种松散的耦合将法律官员置于一个被认为是监管的灰色地带，要求他们根据自己的主观经验，使用酌情决定的解决方案来管理无家可归的人。对主观性和自由裁量权的依赖扩大了监管和管理无家可归者的安全网络。关键词:无家可归者、警务、自由裁量权、安全网络披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。注1 2SLGBTQQIA+是一个首字母缩略词，承认和尊重双性恋者、女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、变性人、酷儿、质疑者、双性人、无性恋者和其他身份和社区的经历我们对审稿人的洞察力表示感谢。本研究得到了社会科学与人文研究委员会的支持。

{"title":"The ‘regulatory grey zone’: bylaw enforcement’s governing of homelessness and space","authors":"Natasha Martino, C. B. Sanders, E. Dej","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2023.2263617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2023.2263617","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTOver the past two decades, homelessness has become more visible, and with it are increased demands for law enforcement to minimise the visibility of people experiencing homelessness, and manage, or ultimately remove, local encampments. While scholarship exists on police responses to homelessness, the role that other security actors, such as municipal bylaw officers, play in managing and regulating homelessness is largely unknown. In this paper, we explore municipal bylaw officers’ perceptions of their roles and responsibilities related to homelessness in Ontario, Canada. Our analysis reveals how bylaw officers have become important players in the security governance of homelessness. We demonstrate how bylaw officers’ policies, which focus on the regulation of space, are loosely coupled with, or disconnected from, their frontline activities, which require the regulation of people. This loose coupling situates bylaw officers in a perceived regulatory grey zone, requiring them to use discretionary solutions informed by their subjective experiences to govern people experiencing homelessness. The reliance on subjectivity and discretion expands security networks regulating and governing people experiencing homelessness.KEYWORDS: Homelessnesspolicingdiscretionsecurity networks Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 2SLGBTQQIA+ is an acronym that recognises and honours the experiences of Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, asexual, and other identities and communities.2 We express our gratitude to the reviewers for this insight.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135830953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic alignments: examining police and public health/harm reduction partnerships 治疗协调:审查警察与公共卫生/减少伤害的伙伴关系

2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2023.2263616

Liam Michaud, Emily van der Meulen, Adrian Guta

ABSTRACTOngoing calls for police reform across North America alongside the growing momentum for the removal of criminal sanctions for personal possession of drugs have placed policing agencies in an ambivalent position with respect to drug governance and people who use drugs (PWUD). Meanwhile, in response to the longstanding harms produced by drug law enforcement, calls for harm reduction policing have gained traction in recent years, resulting in collaborations between policing agencies and health services, including naloxone administration by police officers, post-overdose outreach and wellness checks, and integrated public health-public safety response and information sharing frameworks. Using situational analysis method, we consider the range of elements and actors that form these partnerships, and their broader structural, institutional, and policy effects. We detail the actual and potential implications of such forms of institutional coordination on health, equity, and the possibility of meaningful drug law reform. Our analysis reveals that rather than mitigating the harms of drug enforcement, such initiatives stand to undermine access to services and increase health system avoidance by eroding trust in public health and harm reduction among PWUD. We reason that the recasting of police as therapeutic agents and as embedded in medico-therapeutic practices reaffirms the role of punitive enforcement practices in drug governance.KEYWORDS: policingdrugsnet-wideningPWUDoverdose Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.

摘要:随着北美各地对警察改革的呼声日益高涨，取消对个人持有毒品的刑事制裁的势头也日益增强，这使得警察机构在毒品治理和吸毒者(PWUD)方面处于矛盾的地位。与此同时，针对禁毒执法造成的长期危害，近年来，减少伤害警务的呼声越来越高，导致警务机构与卫生服务部门之间开展合作，包括警务人员使用纳洛酮、过量用药后的外联和健康检查，以及综合公共卫生-公共安全应对和信息共享框架。使用情景分析方法，我们考虑了形成这些伙伴关系的要素和行动者的范围，以及它们更广泛的结构、制度和政策影响。我们详细说明了这种形式的机构协调对健康、公平和有意义的药物法律改革的可能性的实际和潜在影响。我们的分析表明，这些举措非但没有减轻毒品执法的危害，反而会破坏获得服务的机会，并通过侵蚀PWUD对公共卫生和减少危害的信任来增加对卫生系统的回避。我们认为，将警察重新塑造为治疗人员并纳入医疗实践，重申了惩罚性执法做法在药物治理中的作用。关键词:监管药物;网络扩大;用药过量;披露声明;本研究得到了加拿大社会科学与人文研究理事会的支持。

{"title":"Therapeutic alignments: examining police and public health/harm reduction partnerships","authors":"Liam Michaud, Emily van der Meulen, Adrian Guta","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2023.2263616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2023.2263616","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTOngoing calls for police reform across North America alongside the growing momentum for the removal of criminal sanctions for personal possession of drugs have placed policing agencies in an ambivalent position with respect to drug governance and people who use drugs (PWUD). Meanwhile, in response to the longstanding harms produced by drug law enforcement, calls for harm reduction policing have gained traction in recent years, resulting in collaborations between policing agencies and health services, including naloxone administration by police officers, post-overdose outreach and wellness checks, and integrated public health-public safety response and information sharing frameworks. Using situational analysis method, we consider the range of elements and actors that form these partnerships, and their broader structural, institutional, and policy effects. We detail the actual and potential implications of such forms of institutional coordination on health, equity, and the possibility of meaningful drug law reform. Our analysis reveals that rather than mitigating the harms of drug enforcement, such initiatives stand to undermine access to services and increase health system avoidance by eroding trust in public health and harm reduction among PWUD. We reason that the recasting of police as therapeutic agents and as embedded in medico-therapeutic practices reaffirms the role of punitive enforcement practices in drug governance.KEYWORDS: policingdrugsnet-wideningPWUDoverdose Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The potential of automated classification to categorise police force tweeting behaviours: leading the way to large scale analysis 自动分类对警察推特行为进行分类的潜力:引领大规模分析的道路

2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2023.2260928

Erica Kane

Police activity on social media has emerged as a significant and expanding area of research. However, the existing body of research has predominantly adopted qualitative methods or focused on small-scale samples for quantitative analysis. This study presents a novel approach to analysing police social media behaviours, employing automated classification methods to generate a substantial sample of categorised police tweets. Encompassing over 40,000 tweets from five United Kingdom forces, collected over a three-year period, this dataset represents one of the largest evaluated samples in the domain of police social media research. A core objective of this research is to investigate the extent to which police tweeting behaviours align with three common categories identified in the literature: providing information, engagement, and intelligence gathering. To achieve this, a two-pronged methodology is employed, combining manual content analysis and an applied automated classification approach. This comprehensive method aims to create a sample of classified police tweets, effectively representing their diverse tweeting behaviours. The classicisation process involves the training and testing of three automated models, namely naïve Bayes, logistic regression, and XGBoost, evaluating the accuracy of their results to ensure a robust and reliable classification outcome. Furthermore, the resulting sample is subject to additional in-depth analyses. The exploration encompasses various facets of tweet content, style, overall usage, and adaptability across different police forces. Additionally, the research considers public interactions with the police tweets. These analyses are conducted for each force and class, thereby establishing connections between social media interactions and their potential impact on highlighted agendas.

警方在社交媒体上的活动已经成为一个重要且不断扩大的研究领域。然而，现有的研究机构主要采用定性方法或集中于小规模样本进行定量分析。本研究提出了一种分析警察社交媒体行为的新方法，采用自动分类方法生成大量分类警察推文样本。该数据集涵盖了英国五支部队在三年时间内收集的4万多条推文，是警察社交媒体研究领域最大的评估样本之一。本研究的一个核心目标是调查警察推特行为在多大程度上符合文献中确定的三个常见类别:提供信息、参与和情报收集。为了实现这一点，采用了一种双管齐下的方法，将手动内容分析和应用的自动分类方法相结合。这种综合方法旨在创建一个分类警察推文样本，有效地代表他们不同的推文行为。分类过程涉及三个自动化模型的训练和测试，即naïve贝叶斯，逻辑回归和XGBoost，评估其结果的准确性，以确保稳健和可靠的分类结果。此外，得到的样本还需要进行额外的深入分析。这项探索涵盖了推文内容、风格、整体使用和不同警察部队的适应性的各个方面。此外，该研究还考虑了公众与警方推文的互动。这些分析是针对每个力量和阶级进行的，从而建立了社交媒体互动与其对重点议程的潜在影响之间的联系。

{"title":"The potential of automated classification to categorise police force tweeting behaviours: leading the way to large scale analysis","authors":"Erica Kane","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2023.2260928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2023.2260928","url":null,"abstract":"Police activity on social media has emerged as a significant and expanding area of research. However, the existing body of research has predominantly adopted qualitative methods or focused on small-scale samples for quantitative analysis. This study presents a novel approach to analysing police social media behaviours, employing automated classification methods to generate a substantial sample of categorised police tweets. Encompassing over 40,000 tweets from five United Kingdom forces, collected over a three-year period, this dataset represents one of the largest evaluated samples in the domain of police social media research. A core objective of this research is to investigate the extent to which police tweeting behaviours align with three common categories identified in the literature: providing information, engagement, and intelligence gathering. To achieve this, a two-pronged methodology is employed, combining manual content analysis and an applied automated classification approach. This comprehensive method aims to create a sample of classified police tweets, effectively representing their diverse tweeting behaviours. The classicisation process involves the training and testing of three automated models, namely naïve Bayes, logistic regression, and XGBoost, evaluating the accuracy of their results to ensure a robust and reliable classification outcome. Furthermore, the resulting sample is subject to additional in-depth analyses. The exploration encompasses various facets of tweet content, style, overall usage, and adaptability across different police forces. Additionally, the research considers public interactions with the police tweets. These analyses are conducted for each force and class, thereby establishing connections between social media interactions and their potential impact on highlighted agendas.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135345076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do patron bans reduce crime? An examination of assault offences in Western Australia, before and after the introduction of police-imposed barring notices 赞助人禁令能减少犯罪吗?在西澳大利亚州，在引入警察强制禁止通知之前和之后，对袭击罪的审查

2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2023.2260927

Clare Farmer, Peter Miller, Nicholas Taylor

This paper explores whether the introduction of police-imposed barring notices in Western Australia (WA) is associated with changes to the number, type and location of recorded assaults. Police-imposed barring notices were introduced in WA in January 2011, and are issued in response to alcohol-related disorderly behaviours in/around licensed venues. A barring notice can exclude the recipient from one or more licensed venues for up to one year. WA Police provided unit level records of 67,750 assault incidents occurring during high-alcohol hours – 8pm to 6am on Friday and Saturday nights – between 1 July 2007 and 30 June 2020. This enabled data from before and after the introduction of barring notices to be compared. The findings identified a number of potentially positive effects of barring notices, including significant reductions (p < 0.001) in non-family assault offences marked with an alcohol flag, assault offences recorded occurring on pathways (which includes areas around licensed premises), and common assault offences marked with an alcohol flag. These categories clearly align with the intended use and effect/s of barring notices, and the findings are encouraging. The effects of other factors on offending numbers cannot be excluded, but the association between the introduction of barring notices and, in particular, a reduction in alcohol-flagged violent offending appears to support the use of barring notices in WA.

本文探讨了在西澳大利亚州(WA)引入警察强制禁止通知是否与记录攻击的数量，类型和地点的变化有关。2011年1月，西澳大利亚州出台了由警察强制执行的禁酒通知，以应对在有执照的场所内/周围发生的与酒精有关的无序行为。禁止通知可以禁止接收人进入一个或多个许可场所长达一年。西澳警方提供了2007年7月1日至2020年6月30日期间在高酒精时段(周五和周六晚上8点至早上6点)发生的67,750起袭击事件的单位级别记录。这样就可以比较引入限制通知之前和之后的数据。调查结果确定了禁酒令的一些潜在积极影响，包括显著减少(p < 0.001)带有酒精标志的非家庭袭击犯罪、记录发生在道路上的袭击犯罪(包括有执照的场所周围的区域)和标有酒精标志的普通袭击犯罪。这些类别明显符合禁止通知的预期用途和效果，调查结果令人鼓舞。不能排除其他因素对犯罪人数的影响，但禁止令的实施与特别是酗酒暴力犯罪的减少之间的联系似乎支持在西澳大利亚州使用禁止令。

{"title":"Do patron bans reduce crime? An examination of assault offences in Western Australia, before and after the introduction of police-imposed barring notices","authors":"Clare Farmer, Peter Miller, Nicholas Taylor","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2023.2260927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2023.2260927","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores whether the introduction of police-imposed barring notices in Western Australia (WA) is associated with changes to the number, type and location of recorded assaults. Police-imposed barring notices were introduced in WA in January 2011, and are issued in response to alcohol-related disorderly behaviours in/around licensed venues. A barring notice can exclude the recipient from one or more licensed venues for up to one year. WA Police provided unit level records of 67,750 assault incidents occurring during high-alcohol hours – 8pm to 6am on Friday and Saturday nights – between 1 July 2007 and 30 June 2020. This enabled data from before and after the introduction of barring notices to be compared. The findings identified a number of potentially positive effects of barring notices, including significant reductions (p < 0.001) in non-family assault offences marked with an alcohol flag, assault offences recorded occurring on pathways (which includes areas around licensed premises), and common assault offences marked with an alcohol flag. These categories clearly align with the intended use and effect/s of barring notices, and the findings are encouraging. The effects of other factors on offending numbers cannot be excluded, but the association between the introduction of barring notices and, in particular, a reduction in alcohol-flagged violent offending appears to support the use of barring notices in WA.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136060428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The coproduction work of healthcare professionals in police custody: destabilising the care-custody paradox. 在警察拘留的医疗保健专业人员的合作工作:破坏护理-拘留悖论。

IF 2.7 2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2022.2055020

Gethin Rees

Forensic medicine has traditionally been understood as constituting a tension between medical and legal roles: a care-custody paradox. Rather than reinforcing this paradox, however, in this paper I will draw upon a study of Healthcare Professionals working within police custody suites in England in order to show the ways that they coproduce [Jasanoff, S., 2004. States of knowledge: the co-production of science and social order. London: Routledge] their work with the aim of simultaneously meeting the requirements of both their police (for instance PACE codes) and healthcare (for instance the Nursing and Midwifery Code of Practice) responsibilities. Focusing on acts of 'mundane care' [Brownlie, J. and Spandler, H., 2018. Materialities of mundane care and the art of holding one's own. Sociology of health and illness, 40 (2), 256-269], the typification of detainees and the use of detention cells as risk management tools, I will show that rather than undergoing an existential crisis, Healthcare Professionals mobilise coproduced practices in order to perform their work successfully, thereby further enabling police and detention officers to achieve their custody objectives.

传统上，法医学被理解为构成医疗和法律角色之间的紧张关系:一种照料-监护的悖论。然而，与其强化这一悖论，在本文中，我将借鉴一项对在英国警察拘留所工作的医疗保健专业人员的研究，以展示他们共同产生的方式[Jasanoff, S.， 2004]。知识状态:科学与社会秩序的共同产物。[伦敦:劳特利奇]他们的工作目的是同时满足他们的警察(例如PACE代码)和医疗保健(例如护理和助产实践代码)职责的要求。关注“平凡关怀”的行为[Brownlie, J. and Spandler, H.， 2018]。物质的世俗关怀和保持自己的艺术。[健康与疾病社会学，40(2)，256-269]，被拘留者的典型化以及将拘留室作为风险管理工具的使用，我将表明，医疗保健专业人员为了成功地完成工作，动员共同生产的做法，从而进一步使警察和拘留人员能够实现其拘留目标，而不是经历生存危机。

{"title":"The coproduction work of healthcare professionals in police custody: destabilising the care-custody paradox.","authors":"Gethin Rees","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2022.2055020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2022.2055020","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic medicine has traditionally been understood as constituting a tension between medical and legal roles: a care-custody paradox. Rather than reinforcing this paradox, however, in this paper I will draw upon a study of Healthcare Professionals working within police custody suites in England in order to show the ways that they coproduce [Jasanoff, S., 2004. States of knowledge: the co-production of science and social order. London: Routledge] their work with the aim of simultaneously meeting the requirements of both their police (for instance PACE codes) and healthcare (for instance the Nursing and Midwifery Code of Practice) responsibilities. Focusing on acts of 'mundane care' [Brownlie, J. and Spandler, H., 2018. Materialities of mundane care and the art of holding one's own. Sociology of health and illness, 40 (2), 256-269], the typification of detainees and the use of detention cells as risk management tools, I will show that rather than undergoing an existential crisis, Healthcare Professionals mobilise coproduced practices in order to perform their work successfully, thereby further enabling police and detention officers to achieve their custody objectives.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"33 1","pages":"51-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9872946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10576340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving police interventions during mental health-related encounters: Past, present and future. 改进警察在遇到与心理健康有关的情况时的干预措施：过去、现在和未来。

IF 2.7 2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2016.1219734

Jennifer D Wood, Amy C Watson

There are calls across America for police to re-imagine themselves as "guardians" rather than "warriors" in the performance of their innumerable duties. The contentious history of police attitudes and practices surrounding encounters with people affected by mental illnesses can be understood through the lens of this wider push toward guardianship. At least as far back as the de-institutionalization of mental health care and the profound lack of community-based resources to fill service deficits, the role of police as mental health interventionists has been controversial and complex. This paper reviews the first wave of reform efforts designed to re-shape police sensibilities and practices in the handling of mental health-related encounters. We argue that such efforts, centred on specialized training and cooperative agreements with the health care sector, have advanced a guardian mindset through improved knowledge and attitudes about mental health vulnerabilities and needs. Building on the progress made, we suggest there are critical opportunities for a new wave of efforts that can further advance the guardianship agenda. We highlight three such opportunities: (1) Enhancing experiences of procedural justice during mental health-related encounters; (2) Building the evidence base through integrated data sets; and (3) Balancing a "case-based" focus with a "place-based" focus.

全美各地都在呼吁警察在履行其无数职责时将自己重新塑造为 "守护者 "而非 "战士"。从这一更广泛的 "监护人 "理念的角度来看，我们就能理解警察在与精神疾病患者接触时的态度和做法的争议历史。至少可以追溯到精神卫生保健的非机构化，以及社区资源的严重匮乏来弥补服务的不足，警察作为精神卫生干预者的角色一直是有争议和复杂的。本文回顾了第一波旨在重塑警察在处理与心理健康相关的遭遇时的感觉和做法的改革努力。我们认为，这些努力以专门培训和与医疗保健部门的合作协议为核心，通过改善对心理健康脆弱性和需求的认识和态度，推进了守护者心态的形成。在已取得进展的基础上，我们认为新一轮的努力存在着重要的机遇，可以进一步推进监护议程。我们着重强调了三个这样的机会：（1）在与精神健康相关的接触过程中增强程序正义的体验；（2）通过综合数据集建立证据基础；以及（3）平衡 "以案例为基础 "的关注点与 "以地方为基础 "的关注点。

{"title":"Improving police interventions during mental health-related encounters: Past, present and future.","authors":"Jennifer D Wood, Amy C Watson","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2016.1219734","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10439463.2016.1219734","url":null,"abstract":"There are calls across America for police to re-imagine themselves as \"guardians\" rather than \"warriors\" in the performance of their innumerable duties. The contentious history of police attitudes and practices surrounding encounters with people affected by mental illnesses can be understood through the lens of this wider push toward guardianship. At least as far back as the de-institutionalization of mental health care and the profound lack of community-based resources to fill service deficits, the role of police as mental health interventionists has been controversial and complex. This paper reviews the first wave of reform efforts designed to re-shape police sensibilities and practices in the handling of mental health-related encounters. We argue that such efforts, centred on specialized training and cooperative agreements with the health care sector, have advanced a guardian mindset through improved knowledge and attitudes about mental health vulnerabilities and needs. Building on the progress made, we suggest there are critical opportunities for a new wave of efforts that can further advance the guardianship agenda. We highlight three such opportunities: (1) Enhancing experiences of procedural justice during mental health-related encounters; (2) Building the evidence base through integrated data sets; and (3) Balancing a \"case-based\" focus with a \"place-based\" focus.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"27 ","pages":"289-299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5705098/pdf/nihms886800.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35218311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Citizen participation in community safety: a comparative study of community policing in South Korea and the United Kingdom 社区安全中的公民参与:韩国和英国社区警务的比较研究

IF 2.7 2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2016-02-17 DOI: 10.4225/03/58B4F88D6A8B0

kwansig Choi

The comparative analysis of community policing in South Korea and the UK provides the basis for evaluating the strengths of the current theorising on this subject. The study revealed that participation in community policing was not a spur-of-the-moment emotional decision but was carefully considered and planned before it was undertaken. The study revealed that the British participants were attracted to community policing by individual factors – that is, factors that primarily benefitted them as individuals – while community crime prevention was only a secondary concern. By contrast, for the South Korean cohort, participation in community policing was an extension of their commitment to their community. The research findings highlighted two different models of community policing: one underpinned by a commitment to the community and a desire to enhance crime prevention and community safety, and a second model underpinned by personal gain, in which community policing is valued as a stepping stone to formal p...

通过对韩国和英国社区警务的比较分析，为评估当前关于这一主题的理论优势提供了基础。这项研究表明，参与社区警务并不是一时冲动的决定，而是在采取行动之前经过仔细考虑和计划的。研究显示，英国的参与者被个人因素所吸引，也就是说，那些主要对他们个人有利的因素，而预防社区犯罪只是次要的考虑。相比之下，对于韩国人来说，参与社区警务是他们对社区承诺的延伸。研究结果强调了两种不同的社区警务模式:一种模式以对社区的承诺和加强预防犯罪和社区安全的愿望为基础，另一种模式以个人利益为基础，其中社区警务被视为正式警察的垫脚石。

引用次数: 2

Police and community in Chicago: a tale of three cities 芝加哥的警察和社区:三个城市的故事

IF 2.7 2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Policing & Society

Pub Date : 2015-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/10439463.2015.1031228

Jack R. Greene

引用次数: 106